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Supong Tangkiengsirisin. English for sociologists and anthropologists I. 1. Readers--Sociology. 2. Readers--Anthropology. 3. English language--Paragraphs. 4. English language--Rhetoric. 5. English language--Spoken English.

PE1127.S6ISBN 978-616-314-024-1eISBN 978-616-314-108-8 ลิขสิทธิ์ของรองศาสตราจารย์ ดร.สุพงศ์ ตั้งเคียงศิริสินสงวนลิขสิทธิ์

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พิมพ์ครั้งที่ 1 เดือนมีนาคม 2556 จำานวน 300 เล่มพิมพ์ครั้งที่ 1 เดือนพฤศจิกายน 2556 จำานวน 300 เล่ม (ฉบับพิมพ์เพิ่ม)

ราคาเล่มละ 130.- บาท

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Contents

Preface (7)

Acknowledgements (9)

Course Plan (10)

Unit 1: About Sociology and Anthropology 1 Starter 1 Reading Passage 1 Comprehension Check 3 Vocabulary Check 5 Reading Focus 7 Language Focus 15 Writing 19 Listening 24 Speaking 26

Unit 2: Social Identity 27 Starter 27 Reading Passage 27 Comprehension Check 30 Vocabulary Check 32 Reading Focus 33 Language Focus 41 Writing 43 Listening 46 Speaking 47

Unit 3: Cultural Values 49 Starter 49 Reading Passage 49 Comprehension Check 51 Vocabulary Check 52 Reading Focus 54 Language Focus 63

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Writing 67 Listening 72 Speaking 74

Unit 4: Popular Entertainment 77 Starter 77 Reading Passage 77 Comprehension Check 80 Vocabulary Check 81 Reading Focus 83 Language Focus 94 Writing 97 Listening 99 Speaking 101

Unit 5: Social Stratification 103 Starter 103 Reading Passage 103 Comprehension Check 107 Vocabulary Check 110 Reading Focus 112 Language Focus 119 Writing 123 Listening 131 Speaking 133

Unit 6: Human Behaviors 135 Starter 133 Reading Passage 135 Comprehension Check 138 Vocabulary Check 140 Reading Focus 142 Language Focus 146 Writing 155 Listening 161 Speaking 164

References 164

Tapescripts 167

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Preface

English for Sociologists and Anthropologists I is the core textbook for EL 281: English for Sociologists and Anthropologists I, a course in English for Specific Purposes offered by the Language Institute, Thammasat University. This topic-based textbook has been specially customized for an integrated-skill English course that focuses on various topics in sociology and anthropology. The main purpose of this book, as well as that of the course, is to expose students to the English language involving major areas in sociology and anthropology. This book will enable learners to improve their language skills necessary for the understanding and production of English typically used in the study and research related to this particular field.

English for Sociologists and Anthropologists I consists of eight units that focus on a wide range of themes involving sociology and anthropology with integrated language skill practice. Each unit is divided into six major sections, which cover both theoretical and practical aspects of language learning. Each unit begins with reading comprehension practice, including Comprehension Check and Vocabulary Check, which aims to encourage learners to contemplate on a specific topic in sociology and anthropology, respond to questions based on a reading passage, and become more familiar with a set of vocabulary items related to the theme. Following this practice is Reading Focus, the section that presents a crucial reading strategy, together with exercises, aimed at developing learners’ reading proficiency.

The subsequent section is Language Focus, which provides theoretical principles revolving around selected lexical, syntactic, and rhetorical elements essential for language skill development. Various exercises for extensive practice are also available in this section. Paragraph writing is then emphasized in the following section, Writing, where learners can enhance their academic writing skills as a foundation for their essay and research writing.

The final sections of each chapter include aural and oral skill practice. Listeningis the section where students will hear a dialogue or a talk on the topic pertaining to the chapter and respond to questions that measure their listening

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skill. Prior to practice, learners are exposed to phrases and statements that need to be comprehended while listening. Then, the very last section, Speaking, provides language patterns and expressions generally used to convey a particular rhetorical function. The oral skill taught in each unit corresponds to the writing skill, so that learners could sharpen both production skills concurrently. A speaking task is assigned at the end of this section.

I believe that this textbook will enable learners to develop language skills pertaining to sociological and anthropological issues. Additionally, learners should acquire language proficiency useful for their studies, particularly in more advanced courses in English.

Supong Tangkiengsirisin

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Acknowledgements

This textbook could not have been completed without the help of many people in the Language Institute, Thammasat University.

In particular, I gratefully acknowledge the support of Associate Professor Pratin Pimsarn (Ph.D), who gave me the opportunity to compile this textbook and kept encouraging me to bring it to this final form.

I value the helpful comments, as well as painstaking revisions, of all colleagues who greatly contributed to the improvement of the quality of this book. Also, I owe a debt of gratitude to the reader who evaluated the quality of this book for the University’s Textbook Development Scholarship.

My thanks also go to the teachers who taught EL 281 (English for Sociologists and Anthropologists I) using the earlier versions of this book. Their constructive comments and feedback have resulted in this better, fully-fledged version.

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Course Plan

Unit Reading & Listening

Reading/Language Focuses Writing Speaking

1 About Sociology and Anthropology

Structural clues 1

Present tenses

Paragraph Development

Introducing a key concept

2 Social Identity Structural clues 2

Past tenses

Paragraph Development (Cont.)

Introducing details and organization

3 Cultural Values Contextual clues Paragraph Development (Cont.)

Describing

4 Popular Entertainment

Finding topics, main ideas, and details

Subject-verb agreement

Writing a paragraph of exemplification

Giving examples

5 Social Stratification

Identifying references

Passive Voice

Writing a paragraph of classification

Classifying

6 Human Behaviors Drawing inferences

Conditional sentences

Writing a paragraph of comparison

Comparing

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About Sociologyand AnthropologyAbout SociologyAbout Sociologyand Anthropologyand Anthropology

Unit

1STARTERDirections: Discuss the following questions with your teacher or classmates.

1. What is sociology?2. What are sociologists concerned with?3. How do sociologists contribute to the society?4. Would you like to be a sociologist? Why or why not?

READING PASSAGE

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Sociology is the study of society. The meaning of the word comes from the ending “-logy” which means “study of ” and the stem “soci-” which refers to society. It is a social science involving the study of the social lives of people, groups, and societies, sometimes defined as the study of social interactions. It is a relatively new academic discipline which evolved in the early 19th century. It usually concerns itself with the social rules and processes that bind and separate people not only as individuals, but as members of associations, groups, and institutions. Sociologists are interested in our behavior as social beings; thus, the sociological field of interest ranges from the analysis of short contacts between anonymous individuals on the street to the study of global social processes. Most sociologists work in one or more specialties or subfields.

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2 English for Sociologists and Anthropologists I

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In a broad sense, sociology is the scientific study of social aggregations, the entities through which humans move throughout their lives. A related trend in the discipline, emerging since the late 1970s, attempts to make it a more “applied” discipline, applicable in areas such as non-profit organizations and nursing homes. The results of sociological research aid educators, lawmakers, administrators, and others interested in resolving social problems and formulating public policy, through subdisciplinary areas such as survey research, evaluation research, methodological assessment, and public sociology.

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Sociology is a relatively new academic discipline among other social sciences including economics, political science, anthropology, history, and psychology. The ideas behind it, however, have a long history and can trace their origins to a mixture of common human knowledge and philosophy.

30

Sociology as a scientific discipline emerged in the early 19th century as an academic response to the challenge of modernity: as the world was becoming smaller and more integrated, people’s experience of the world was increasingly dispersed. Sociologists hoped not only to understand what held social groups together, but also to develop an antidote to social disintegration.

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The term “sociology” was coined by Auguste Comte in 1838 from Latin socius (companion, associate) and Greek logia (study of, speech). Comte hoped to unify all studies of humankind--including history, psychology and economics. His own sociological scheme was typical of the 19th century; he believed all human life had passed through the same distinct historical stages and that, if one could grasp this progress, one could prescribe the remedies for social ills. Sociology was to be the ‘queen of sciences’.

Auguste Comte, who coined the term sociology

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3Unit 1 About Sociology and Anthropology

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The first book with the term ‘sociology’ in its title was written in the mid-19th century by the English philosopher Herbert Spencer. In the United States, the discipline was taught by its name for the first time at the University of Kansas, Lawrence in 1890 under the course title Elements of Sociology (the oldest continuing sociology course in America and the Department of History and Sociologywas established in 1891) and the first full-fledged independent university department of sociology in the United States was established in 1892 at the University of Chicago by Albion W. Small, who in 1895 founded the American Journal of Sociology. The first European department of sociology was founded in 1895 at the University of Bordeaux by Émile Durkheim, founder of L’Année Sociologique (1896). The first sociology department to be established in the United Kingdom was at the London School of Economics and Political Science (home of the British Journal of Sociology) in 1904. In 1919 a sociology department was established in Germany at the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich by Max Weber and in 1920 in Poland by Florian Znaniecki.

(Retrieved February 22, 2003, from http://www.free-ed.net/freeed/SocialScience/Sociologydefault.asp)

COMPREHENSION CHECK

Directions: Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions.

1. The passage primarily concerns ___________. a. what sociology is b. who created sociology c. where we can study sociology d. how sociologists build societies

2. Which of the following is NOT true about the term sociology? a. It has many definitions. b. It was coined by a man. c. It can be divided into two parts. d. It first appeared as a subject taught in a university.

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5Unit 1 About Sociology and Anthropology

10. The last paragraph provides all of the following information EXCEPT__________.

a. where and when sociology was first taught b. who used the term ‘sociology’ in his book title c. when the first department of sociology was established d. why sociology became a more popular subject in Europe

VOCABULARY CHECK

A. Directions: Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.

________1. discipline A. affecting or including the whole world

________2. evolved B. find the origins of something

________3. bind C. something that makes an unpleasant situation better

________4. global D. clearly different

________5. specialties E. to state officially what should be done in a particular situation

________6. aggregations F. plan

________7. entities G. area of knowledge

________8. trace H. unite

________9. integrated I. combined things that work well together in order to make an effective system

________10. dispersed J. developed

________11. disintegration K. completely understand

________12. antidote L. something that exists as a single and complete unit

________13. scheme M. assemblies

________14. distinct N. breaking up

________15. grasp O. spread over a wide area

________16. prescribe P. subjects that you know a lot about or have a lot of experience of

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6 English for Sociologists and Anthropologists I

B. Directions: Complete the following sentences using the words given.

anonymous assessment coined emerging formulating

full-fledged involving ranges relatively remedies

1. People have become aware of the new religious sect that is _______________________ now.

2. Handmade local products of Thailand are ___________________________ cheap, so most tourists buy a lot of them as souvenirs.

3. The program ___________________________ from lectures on theoretical principles to sessions that emphasize extensive practice.

4. All the poems which are published in this anthology are ___________________________; we do not know who the poets were.

5. The ministry is ___________________________ a new education policy to promote autonomy.

6. Every day the sociologist deals with questions ___________________________ how people can live together in a peaceful society.

7. After some years of experience, Thomas became a (n) ___________________________ anthropologist.

8. There are a lot of social problems for which no ___________________________ are available.

9. The leader’s ___________________________ of the situation determined that all the explorers should leave the primitive village immediately due to a dangerous threat it posed.

10. The new word was ___________________________ by a professor to refer to an unusual social phenomenon.

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