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EnglishLanguageBy Ramandeep Singh

ENGLISH LANGUAGE BankExamsToday.com

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Index

Chapter 1 Reading Comprehension 3-93Chapter 2 Antonyms 94-99Chapter 3 Synonyms 100-104Chapter 4 Sentence Arrangements 105-145Chapter 5 Grammatical Errors 146-161


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Chapter - 1

Reading Comprehension

Directions (Q. 1-10) Read the following passage carefully and answerthe questions given below it.

A long time ago, on a big tree in the lap of the mountain, lived a bird namedSindhuka. It was a rather special bird because its droppings turned into gold assoon as they hit the ground.

One day, a hunter came to the tree in search of prey and he saw Sindhuka'sdroppings hit the ground and turn into gold. The hunter was struck with wonder. Hethough, "I have been hunting birds and small animals since I was a boy, but in allmy 80 years, I have never seen such a miraculous creature. He decided that he hadto catch the bird somehow. He climbed the tree and skillfully set a trap for the bird.The bird, quite unaware of the danger it was in, stayed on the tree and sang merrily.But it was soon caught in the hunter's trap. The hunter immediately seized it andshoved it into a cage.

The hunter took the bird home joyfully. But as he had time to think over hisgood fortune later, he suddenly realised, "If the king comes to know of this wonder,he will certainly take away the bird from me and he might even punish me forkeeping such a rare treasure all to myself. So it would be safer and more honourableif I were to go to the king and present the unique bird to him," The next day, thehunter took the bird to the king and presented it to him in court with greatreverence. The king was delighted t o receive such an unusual and rare gift. He toldhis courtiers to keep the bird safe and feed it with the best bird food available.

The king's prime minister though, was reluctant to accept the bird. Hesaid "O Rajah, how can you believe the word of a foolish hunter accept this bird?Has anyone in our kingdom ever seen abird dropping gold? The hunter must beeither crazy or telling lies. I think it is best that you release the bird from the cage."After a little thought, the king felt that his prime minister's words were correct. Sohe ordered the bird to be released. But as soon as the door of the cage was thrownopen, the bird flew out, perched itself on a nearby doorway and defecated. Toeveryone's surprise, the dropping immediately turned into gold. The king mournedhis loss.

1. Which of the following is possible the most appropriate title for the story?a) The Skilled Hunterb) The Kings Prime Ministerc) The Kings Defeatd) The Bird with the Gold Droppinge) The Trials and Tribulations of the Foolish Bird Sindhuka

2. Which of the following emotions made the hunter gift the bird to the king?a) Respect b) Joy c) Pride


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d) Fear e) Awe

3. Which of the following is true according to the story?a) Birds like Sindhuka were very common in the area near the mountainb) Sindhuka remained caged for the rest of its lifec) Sindhuka was unaware of the trap laid by the hunterd) The King, when told to not accept the bird, did not listen to his PrimeMinistere) All are true

4. Why was the kings Prime Minister reluctant to accept the bird?a) He believed that the bird would die if cagedb) He know about the hunters habit of lyingc) He believed that the bird would bring bad luck to the kingd) His sources had informed him that the hunter was crazye) None of these

5. How did the hunter find Sindhuka?a) He had read stories about the bird and had set traps at various locations inthe cityb) He followed the birds droppingsc) He was on the lookout for a prey when he chanced upon itd) People from the city had informed him about the birds whereaboutse) He was attracted by the birds calls

Directions (Q. 6-8) Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.

6. Rathera) Regular b) Quite c) Insteadd) But e) Known

7. Releasea) Free b) Vacate c) Ventd) Let expire e) Make public

8. Reverencea) Respect b) Detail c) Astonishmentd) Hope e) Remembrance

Directions (Q. 9-10) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to theword printed in bold as used in the passage.

9. Reluctanta) True b) Clever c) Aversed) Hesitant e) Keen


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10. Skilfullya) Angrily b) Haphazardly c) Highlyd) Cheaply e) Deftly

Directions (Q. 11-19) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it.

Once a thief named Kalu had planned to loot the king's treasury. At midnight,he went to the palace and began to drill a hole in the side wall of the treasury. Theking, who was awake in his bedroom just above the treasury, came out toinvestigate the whirring sound. He was dressed in a simple nightgown and the thiefcould not recognize him. He asked Kalu who he was and what he was doing. Thelatter said, "Sir, I am a thief and intend to loot this treasury. I presume that you arealso a thief and have come with the same intentin. No matter, let us both go insideand we shall share the loot equally. "Both entered the treasury and divided all themoney and the jewels equally between them.

Inside a locker they found three big diamond pieces. As the thief was puzzled asto how to divide the three pieces into two portions, the king siggested. "We havetaken away everything else. Let us leave one diamond piece for the poor king andshare the rest equally". Kalu agreed and when he took his leave, the king asked forhis name and address. As Kalu had taken a vow of telling only the truth, he have thecorrect information.

The king took away his share of the loot and hid it in his room. Next morninghe asked his Prime Minister to inspect the treasury as he had heard some strangesounds during the previous night. The Prime Minister saw to his horror that all thevaluables were missing and only a single diamond was left, perhaps inadvertantly,by the theif. He put the diamond in his oiwn shift pocket as its loss could beascribed to the thief and nobody would suspect the Prime Minister. The PrimeMinister went back to the king. The king particularly enquirerd. "Do you mean thatthe theif has completely denuded the treasury of its valuables and not a single itemhas been left?" The Prime Minister confirmed it. The king asked the chief of policeto bring in Kalu. When Kalu came he was unable to recfognize the king as hisaccomplice of the previous night. The king asked him, "Are you the theif who h asstolen everything from my treasury leaving nothing back?" Kalu confirmed it butsaid, "Sir, I did leave one diamond back in the locker as advised by an accompliceof mine and it should st ill be there." The Prime Minister interrupted saying, "YourMajesty, this thief is lying. There is nothing left in the locker." The king asked thepolice chief to search the pockets of the Prime Minister, from where the missingdiamond was recovered. The kind told his courtiers, "Here is a Prime Minister, whois a liar and a thief and here is a thief who is at truthful gentleman."

11. The king came out in the middle of the night in order toa) Help kalu to break into the palace treasuryb) Share the loot equally between Kalu and himselfc) Find out the source of and reason for the sound he had heard


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d) Catch the thief who had come to steal his valuablese) None of these

12. Kalu could not recognize the king becausea) The king was wearing clothes like those of an ordinary personb) The kings clothes were covered by a simple nightdownc) Kalu had never seen the king befored) Kalu had not seen the king descending from his bedroome) None of these

13. Which of the following made the king suspect the Prime Minister? ThePrime Ministers statement thata) Except for one piece of diamond all other valuables were stolenb) All the valuables without any exception were stolen from the treasuryc) The thief was lying when he said he had left one diamond back in thelockerd) The search for the diamond did not yield any favourable resulte) None of these

14. Which of the following horified the Prime Minister?a) The valuables missing from the kings treasuryb) A piece of diamond left in the lockerc) Certain strange sounds heard by the Prime Ministerd) The fact that the king suspected him of stealthe) None of these

Directions (Q. 15-17) Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaningas the word given in bold as used in the passage.

15. Accomplicea) Co-traveller b) Collaborator c) Controllerd) Coordinator e) Commuter

16. Ascribeda) Attributed b) Donated c) Attachedd) Withdrew e) Connected

17. Denudeda) Uncovered b) stripped c) Destroyedd) Discarded e) Abandoned

Directions (Q. 18-19) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of theword given in bold as used in the passage.

18. Inadvertentlya) Knowingly b) Sensibly c) Indifferently


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d) Unwittingly e) Unscrupulously

19. Previousa) New b) Preceding c) Noveld) Modern e) Subsequent


Banking sector reforms in India were introduced in order to improveefficiency in the process of financial intermediation. It was expected that bankswould take advantage of the changing operational environment and improve theirperformance. Towards this end, the Reserve Bank of India initiated a host ofmeasures for the creation of a competitive environment. Deregulation of interestrates on both deposit and lending sides imparted freedom to banks to appropriateprice their products and services. To compete effectively with non-banking entities,banks were permitted to undertake newer activities like investment banking,securities trading and insurance business. This was facilitated through amendmentsin the relevant acts which permitted PSBs to raise equity from the market up tothreshold limit and also enabling the entry of new private and foreign banks. Thischanging face of banking led to an erosion of margins on traditional bankingbusiness, promoting banks to search for newer activities to augment their freeincomes. At the same time, banks also needed to devote focused attention tooperational efficiency in order to contain their transaction costs. Simultaneouslywith the deregulation measures prudential norms were instituted to strengthen thesafety and soundness of the banking system. Recent internal empirical researchfound that over the period 1992-2003, there has been a discernible improvement inthe efficiency of Indian banks. The increasing trend in efficiency has been fairlyuniform, irrespective of the ownership pattern. The rate of such improvement has,however, not been sufficiently high. The analysis also reveals that PSBs and privatesector banks in India did not differe significantly in terms of their efficiencymeasures. Foreign banks, on the other hand, recorded higher efficiency as comparedwith their Indian counterparts.

20. Prudential norms were initiated in the banking sector with a view toa) Increase operational efficiencyb) Contain the non-performing assetsc) Strengthen the soundness of banking systemd) Improve the custome servicee) None of these

21. Banking sector reforms in India were introduced for the purpose ofa) Giving more and more employment opportunities to the educatedunemployedb) Taking care of the downtrodden massesc) Increasing efficiency in the banking activities


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d) Giving better return to the Central Governmente) None of these

22. Banks can control their transaction costs bya) Restricting their lending activitiesb) Undertaking more and more non-banking activitiesc) Encouraging the customers to bank with other banksd) Devoting more attention to operational efficiencye) None of these

23. The recent internal empirical research conducted by the RBI found thata) There is cut-throat competition in banking industryb) The rate of return is not commensurate with the operational costc) The rate of improvement has not been highd) Nationalised banks and private sector banks did differ in the efficiencymeasurese) None of these

24. Which of the following statements recognising improvement in efficiency istrue in the context of the passage?a) There is no discremible difference in efficiency parametersb) The foreign banks recorded higher efficiencyc) The efficiency of foreign banks is not comparable with Indian banksd) The rate of such improvement in efficiency was very highe) None of these

Directions (Q. 25-26) Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaningas the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

25. Relevanta) Recorded b) Opposite c) Appropriated) Stringent e) Germane

26. Augmenta) Make b) Become c) Enlarged) Increase e) Envelop

Directions (Q. 27-28) Choose the word that is most opposite of the word printed inbold as used in the passage.

27. Improvea) Retard b) Disprove c) Proved) Accelerate e) Degenerate

28. Reveala) Show b) Conceal c) Secretived) Exhibit e) None of these


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King Hutamasan felt he had everything in the World not only due to hisriches and his noble knights, but because of his beautiful queen, Rani Matsya. Therays of the Sun were put to shame with the iridescent light that Matsya illuminated,with her beauty and brain. At the right hand of the king, she was known to sit andaid him in all his judicial probes. You could not escape her deep-set eyes, when youcommitted a crime as she always knew the victim and the culprit. Her generositypreceded her reputation in the kingdom and her hands were always full to give.People in the kingdom revered her because if she passed by, she always gave to thecompassionate and poor.

Far away from the kingly palace lived a man named Raman with only endsto his poverty and no means to rectify it. Raman was wrecked with poverty as hehad lost all his land to the landlord. His age enabled him little towards manuallabour and so begging was the only alternative to salvage his wife and children.Every morning, he went door to door for some work, food or money. The kindnessof people always got him enough to take home. But Raman was a little self-centered. His World began with him first, followed by his family and the rest. So,he would eat and drink to his delight and ret urn home with whatever he foundexcess. This routine followed and he never let anyone discover his interests as healways put on a long face, when he reached home.

One day as he was relising the bowl of rice he had just received from ahumble home, he heard that Rani Matsya was to pass from the very place he wasstanding. Her g enerosity had reached his ears and he knew if he pulled a long faceand showed how poor he was, she would hand him a bag full of gold coins enough for the rest of his life, enough to buy food and supplies for his family. Hethought he could keep some coins for himself and only reveal a few to his wife, sohe can fulfil his own wishes.

He ran to the chariot of the Rani and begged her soldiers to allow him tospeak to the queen. Listening to the arguments outside Rani Matsya opened thecurtains of her chariot and asked Raman what he wanted. Raman went on his kneesand praised the queen. I have heard you are most generous and most chaste, showthis beggar some charity. Rani narrowed her brows and asked Raman what he couldgive her in return, surprised by such a question, Raman looked at his bowl full ofrice. With spite in him he just pricked up a few grains of rice and gave it to thequeen. Rani Matsya counted the 5 grains and looked at his bowl full of rice andsaid, you shall be given what is due to you. Saying this, the chariot galloped away.

Raman abused her under his breath. This he never thought would happen.How could she ask him for something in return, when she hadnt given himanything? Irked with anger he stormed home and gave his wife the bowl of rice.Just then he saw a sack at the entrance. His wife said men had come and kept it


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there. He opened it to find it full of rice. He put his hand inside and caught hold of ahard mental only to discover it was a gold coin. Elated he upturned the sack to find5 gold coins in exact for the five rice grains. If only I had given my entire bowl,thought Raman, I would have had a sack full of gold.

29. According to the passage, which of the following is definitely true aboutRani Matsya?A. She was beautiful.B. She was intelligent.C. She was kind.a) Only A b) Only B c) Only Cd) A and B e) All the three

30. What does the phrase pulled a long face as used in the passage mean?a) Scratched his faceb) Looked very sorrowfulc) Disguised himselfd) Put on makeupe) None of these

31. What can possibly be the moral of the story?a) Do onto others as you would want others to do to youb) Patience is a virtuec) Winning is not everything, it is the journey that countsd) Change is the only constant thing in lifee) Teamwork is more we and less me

32. Why was begging the only option for Raman to get food?a) As Raman belonged to a family of beggarsb) As begging was the easiest way for him to obtain foodc) As Ramans family had forced him to begd) As he had lost all his property and was too old to do manual worke) None of these

33. Which of the following words can be used to describe Raman?A. DeceitfulB. SelfishC. Timida) Only A b) Only B c) A and Bd) B and C e) All the three

34. What did Raman find after he returned home from his meeting with RaniMatsya?a) The Ranis soldiersb) An empty house


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c) The five grains of rice that he had given to Rani Matsyad) A sack full of rice and five gold coinse) None of these

Directions (Q. 35-36) Choose the word/group of words which is most similar inmeaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.

35. Gallopeda) Hurtled b) Stumbled c) Slumberedd) Jumped e) Ran

36. Revereda) Remembered b) Feared c) Talked aboutd) Embraced e) Respected

Directions (Q. 37-38) Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.

37. Reveala) Stop b) Conceal c) Presentd) Pending e) Tell

38. Elateda) Afraid b) Poor c) Happyd) Depressed e) Grounded


Rahul a young householder, used to study the scriptures everyday under aguru. One day the guru was explaining the following passage from the Upanishads.

No husband is loved by his wife for his own sake but it is all for the sakeof the self ____ No sons are lov ed by their fathers for their sake but it is all for thesake of the self that the sons become dear to him.

At that stage, Rahul intervened and said, Sir, in my case, both my parentsand my wife love me so dearly for my own sake that if I am delayed by a fewminutes in reach ing home they get highly agitated and if something happens to methey will die. Guruji said, You shall learn the truth of it tomorrow, when you seethe result of a test I am going to h old. Before going to bed tonight, you mustswallow this herbal powder. As a result, you will lie as if dead tomorrow morning,but you will be able to hear all that is spoken in your presence. After a few hours,when the effect of this medicine wears off, you will become normal and get up. Youwill see the fun.

Rahul did as instructed and in the morning his wife and parents found himdead-lying motionless without any pulse or heartbeat. The guruji asked for a jarfull of water and said, I shall draw out all the bad destiny responsible for yhour


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sons death into this water. One of you will have to drink this water. The one whodrinks will die immediately, while Rahul will be restored to life. Tell me whoamong you is prepared to die for him?

Both the parents refused saying, we are old and, helping each othermutually. If one dies, the other will not have anybody to help. So our drinking thewater is out of question. Rahuls young wife also said, I am very young and havenot seen anything of this world yet. When such old people, who have seen life in itsfulness, do not want to die how can you expect me to volunteer for death?

A brighter idea flashed into the mind if the fat her who told the guruji, Sir,you are a reunciate and have no relatives to mourn your death. Why dont you drinkthe water yourself? We will conduct your funeral in a grand manner.

39. The contents of the passage prove thata) What the Upanishad states appears to be trueb) Rahuls initial understanding about his family members was truec) The guru did not have any miraculous powerd) The guru did not have thorough knowledge of scripturese) None of these

40. After experimenting as per the gurus plan, Rahul realised thata) His parents would do anything for his sakeb) His wife would readily sacrifice for his welfarec) The gurus prediction had proved to be wrongd) One loves oneself more than one loves anyone elsee) None of these

41. What according to the passage, was the essence of the Upanishad passage?a) Sons are loved by their fathers for the sake of themselvesb) Relatives are dear to us because we love themc) Most human beings are not selfishd) Every persons actions are to gratify himself or herselfe) None of these

42. The guru wanted a jar of water toa) Drink from as he was very thirstyb) Extract the bad elements responsible for Rahuls deathc) Give it to Rahuls parents to drink fromd) Sprinkle it on Rahuls dead body to bring him to lifee) None of these

43. Which of the following was proposed by Rahuls father to the guru?a) He may be given the enchanted water to drinkb) Rahuls wife was the most appropriate person to drink the magical waterc) Rahul be brought back to life without the death of anybody elsed) The guru himself should participate in Rahuls grand funerale) None of these


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Directions: (Q. 44-46) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of theword given in bold as used in the passage.

44. Refuseda) Denied b) Accepted c) Declinedd) Defused e) Accomplished

45. Brighta) Vivid b) Dark c) Dazzlingd) Shadow e) Stupid

46. Agitateda) Roused b) Troubled c) Excitedd) Claim e) Angered

Directions (Q. 47-48) Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaningof the word given in bold as used in the passage.

47. Appriseda) Respected b) Valued c) Assessedd) Shown e) Informed

48. Entreateda) Respected b) Implored c) Desiredd) Commanded e) Managed


Uncle said Luke to the old Sean, You seem to be well fed, though Iknow no one looks after you. Nor have I seen you leave your residence at any time.Tell me how do you manage it?

Because Sean replied, I have a good feed every night at the emperorsorchard. After dark, I go there myself and pick out enough fruits to last a fortnight.

Luke proposed to accompany his uncle to the orchard. Though reluctantbecause of Lukes habit of euphoric exhibition of extreme excitement, Sean agreedto take him along.

At the orchard while Sean hurriedly collected the fruits and left, Luke onthe other hand at the sight of unlimited supply of fruits was excited and lifted hisvoice which brought ecmperors men immediately to his side. They seized him andmistook him as the sole cause of damage to the orchard. Although Luke reiteratedthat he was a bird of passage, they pounded him mercilessly before setting himfree.

49. How did old Sean manage to meet his food requirements?


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a) By buying food from the marketb) His nephew Luke took care of his requirementsc) Luke brought fruits from the emperors orchard for Seand) He picked up fruits from the emperors orcharde) The emperor provided him with ample supply of fruits

50. Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?a) Sean was a poor and suffering manb) Luke came to know about the orchard from his unclec) Sean initially hesitated to take his nephew alongd) Luke as finally set freee) Both Sean and Luke collected fruits from Emperors orchard

51. Why was Sean reluctant to take Luke along?a) Becausre he was a selfish manb) He feared that Lukes reaction may alert the Emperors menc) Because Luke could harm himd) He wanted to bring fruits for Luke himselfe) He knew Luke was a greedy person

52. How often did Sean visit the emperors orchard?a) Dailyb) Once a monthc) In a period of two weeksd) Never, his nephew Luke brought fruits for hime) Everyday during midnight

53. Luke remitted behind at the orchard because hea) Was greedy and wanted to collect more fruitsb) Waited for the Emperors men to arrest himc) Lost his composure and started expressing his feelings loudlyd) Had waited for his uncle to returne) Could not move in the dark

Directions (Q. 54-56) Choose the word/phrase which is most nearly the same inmeaning of the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

54. Reiterateda) Pleaded b) Regurgitated c) Protestedd) Repeated e) Recapitulated

55. Extremea) End b) High c) Severed) Serious e) Moderate

56. Reluctant


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a) Disinclined b) Opposed c) Againstd) Resistant e) None of these

Directions (Q. 57-58) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of theword printed in bold as used in the passage.

57. Poundeda) Weighed b) Released c) Paidd) Attended e) Caressed

58. Mercilesslya) Calmly b) Compassionately c) Mildlyd) Forgivably e) Sympathetically


The King of Kanchi set off to conquer Kamat. He was victorious in battle.The elephants were laden with sandalwood, ivory gold and precious stones, takenfrom the conquered kingdom of Kamat. They would be a part of the victory paradefor his sujbjects. On his way back home he stopped at a temple, finished his prayersto the goddess and turned to leave. Around his neck, was a garland of scarlethibiscus and as was the custom for all, his forehead was anointed with red sandalpaste. His Minister and the court jester were his only companions. At one spot, in amango grove by the wayside, they spied some children play. The King said, Letme go and see what they are playing.

The children had lined up two ros of clay dolls and were playing warriorsand battles. The king asked, Who is fighting with whom? They said, Kamat is atbattle with Kanchi. The king asked, who is winning and who is the loser? Thechildren puffed their chests up and said, Kamat will win and Kanchi will lose.The Minister froze in disbelief, the King was furious and the juester burst intolaughter.

The King was soon joined by his troops and the children were stillimmersed in their game. The King commanded, Cane them hard. The childrensparents came running from the nearby village and said, They are nave, it was justa game, please grant them pardon. The King called his commander and ordred,Teach these children and the village a slesson so that they never forget the king ofKanchi. He went back to his camp.

That evening the commander stood before the King. He bowed low inshame and said, Your Majesty, with the exception of hyenas and vultures, all liesilent in the village. The Minister said, His Majestys honour has been saved.The priest said, The goddess has blessed our King. The jester said, Yourhighness, please grant me leave to go now. The King asked, But why? The jestersaid, I cannot kill, I cannot maim, I can only laugh at Gods gift of life. TremblingIn the face of the Kings anger he bravely continued, If I stay in your Majestyscourt, I shall become like you and I shall forget how to laugh.


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59. Why were the elephants carrying loads of gold and other valuables?a) This was what the king had looted from Karnat to distribute among hissoldiers as a rewardb) This was the kings offering to the deity out of gratitude for making himvictoriousc) It was what the king had plundered from Karnat to display to the peopleof his kingdom as a sign of victoryd) So that the people of the kingdom of Karnat acknowledged him as theirrew rulere) None of these

60. Why did the king anoint his head with red sandal paste?a) As a mark of celebration to show he had been victoriousb) It was the usual practice for all devotees at the templec) To show other devotees that he was kingd) To priest requested him to do soe) To show his soldiers that he had visited the temple

61. What excuse was given for the childrens behaviour?a) They were disobedient to their parents wishesb) They were unaware of the true facts of the battlec) They were upset that their army had lostd) They were in the habit of lyinge) None of these

62. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?a) The king stopped at the temple to see what else could be plunderedb) The people of the village to which the children belonged developed greatrespect for the kingc) The commander was ashamed at having obeyed the kings orders to canethe childrend) The jester was unhappy that the king had defeated the army of karnate) None of these

63. Why did the jester resign from his post?a) He felt that the king was too influenced by the Ministerb) To show that he disapproved of the kings action of punishing thechildrenc) He did not want to accompany the king on his war campaignd) He was no longer able to make the king laughe) None of these

64. Why was the king angry with the children?a) Because the game they were playing was dangerousb) They had lied him


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c) They did not recognize him as kingd) They had unknowingly insulted hime) They were rude to him

Directions (Q. 65-67) Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaningas the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

65. Frozea) Cold b) Numb c) Shiveredd) Stood still e) Chill

66. Leavea) Holiday b) Transfer c) Exitd) Permission e) Farewell

67. Spieda) Noticed b) Keep watch c) Followedd) Spot e) Caught

Directions (Q. 68-69) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of theword printed in bold as used in the passage.

68. Immersed ina) Safe from b) Distracted from c) Boringd) Drowning in e) Entertained by

69. Pardona) Punishment b) Excuse c) Convictd) Intolerance e) Imprison

Directions (Q. 70-77) Read the passage carefully and answer the questionsgiven below it. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you locate themwhile answering some of the questions.

Various measures have been deployed to combat food inflation. Subsidieson food and fertilisers, imports of food as well as regulations to prevent hoardingfarm produce did succeed in stabilising prices from time to time. But such crisismanagement has been able to provide only short lived relief, and prices have goneup from 2007.

Bringing down food inflation will benefit the consumer, but make pricesunattractive to farmers. This will accentuate poverty. Unremunerative pricesdiscourage investments in agriculture, causing supply side shortages, fuelinginflation further. So, the most effective way of prices, ploughing a larger share ofthe consumer spend back to the farmer.

First we need to lower transaction costs. The Agricultural Produce MarketCommittee Acts mandate all farm produce should be brought to mandis for farmer


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pays to transport his produce over loing distances, before knowing the price atwhich his produce would be sold, or whether any other market would have paid abetter price.

The journey from farm to consumer involves multiple levels oftransportation, handling expenses, commissions of agents and a mandi cess, addingnearly 20% cost to food prices. This absurdity was acknowledged years ago, and anew Model APMC Act recommended by the Centre in 2003.

This Model Act must be implemented in all states. Unless farmers have thefreedom to sell at farm-gate or other transparent platforms directly to buyers,transaction costs will remain high and drive consumer prices higher. Next, we needto cut wastage. Anywhere from, 5% to 40% of food is wasted along the chain,depending on the perishability of the crop and the season. First, market instrumentsmust empower farmers to produce as per tommorrows demand, rather than beguided by yesterdats prices.

If the Forward Contracts Regulation Act is amended to permit trading inoptions, farmers are assured of a minimum price when sowing, based on futureprojections simulated by a market consensus. This will align production volumes tofuture demand conditions and minimise wastage.

70. What has been the overall effect of the various measures taken to combatfood inflation?a) Such measures have successfully stablisied prices of food items for alonger periodb) Such measures have proved ineffective in the long run, and the priceshave gone up.c) Such measures could provide only a short lived reliefd) Only b) and c)

71. What prompted the Centre to bring about a new Model APMC Act? Selectthe most appropriate option.a) The earlier version of the APMC Act forced the farmers to bear hugetransportation costb) The APMC Act provided that every farmer had to sell his produce onlyin man di and that also through agents.c) APMC Act was not acceptable to farmers, and on several occasions theyhad expressed their resentment against the said Act.d) The APMC Act could not provide relief to farmers, rather it led the foodprices to costlier by 20%.

72. Which of the following statements is contrary to the facts mentioned in thegiven passage?a) Unremunerative prices discourage investment in agriculture resultinginto supply side shortageb) To contain food inflation the consumer prices should be lowered.c) Market instruments must empower farmers to produce as per yesterdaysdemand.


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d) The new Model of APMC Act was recommended by the centre to lowerthe transaction cost.

73. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Absurditya) Logic b) Wisdom c) Follyd) Seriousness e) None of these

74. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Virtuala) Real b) Practical c) Authenticd) Actual e) None of these

75. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Simulateda) Unexpected b) Classified c) Deliveredd) Imitated e) None of these

76. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Accentuatea) Alleviate b) Increase c) Accentuated) Highlight e) None of these

77. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passageFuelinga) Inciting b) Lessening c) Inflamingd) Sustaining e) None of these


Indias external debt profile appears similar to that of other major marketeconomies. But its short term external debt stock is now higher than countries suchas Brazil and Russia (in terms of percentage of GDP), according to Taimur Baig andKaushik Datta, economists at Deutsche Bank. Indias share of short term debtrelative to the stock of total external debt is also higher than other emerging marketeconomies, with the exception of Turkey, they say.

Though short term debt was contained in FY 14, it was largely due to aslowdown in imports and may again rise once there is a rebound in growth andimports pick up. Some economists point out that since GDP is expressed in dollar


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terms, a weak rupee translates into a lower GDP number and hence, a lower ratiocould be misleading.

However, the composition of long term debt which is reckoned to bedurable and safe is also worrisome. While the share of almost risk free sovereign,multilateral and bilateral credit has reduced significantly over the years, it is privatecorporate sector debt and retail component in terms of NRI deposits that hasswelled over the years. Proceeds from the FCNR (B) swap and overseas borrowingschemes were, in fact, the main contributors to the $31.2 bn increase in externaldebt in FY 14, which were facilitated by the Reserve Bank to stabilise the Indiancurrency.

NRI deposits do not pose material risks (as they are generally rolled over).But the increase in the share of external commercial borrowings exposes thedomestic corporate sector significantly to external shocks, including adverseexchange rate movements, says Samiran Chakrabarty, Chief India Economist,Standard Ch artered Bank. Every year about $20 bn is scheduled for repayment. Theamount may not seem alarming, but the risk arises if there is a global liquiditysqueeze.

The recent trouble in Iraq has added another dimension to external sectorwoes, which is that the reduction in trade deficit in FY 14 may reverse again.Already struggling with a record low growth, high inflation, a weak currency, lowmanufacturing growth and possibility of sub-normal monsoon, the threat of oilsupply shock and the resultant increase in prices add to the risks faced by thecountry, which could hamper Indias envisaged improvement in economic growthin FY 15, say Madan Sabnavis and Kavita Chacko of Care Ratings. If crude pricerisks persist, the current account deficit, which was contained in 2013-14, coulddeteriorate further and also add to pressure on the rupee. Care Ratings has projecteda CAD for the year at 2.5% of GDP, assuming stable crude oil prices and a recovery in industrial production. Higher persistent crude prices would upset thiscalculation.

78. Which of the following statements is contrary to the facts mentioned in thegiven passage?a) In FY 14, short term debt was contained due to slowdown in imports.b) Short term debt is directly proportional to t he quantum of imports.c) A weak rupee translates into a lower GDP numberd) Private corporate sector debt has decreased over the years

79. What is/are the reasons of the author being apprehensive about Indiasimprovement in economic growth in FY 15?a) The recent Iraq crisis may lead to reduction in trade deficit in the currentfinancial yearb) The possibility of sub-normal monsoonc) High inflation and low manufacturing growthd) All of the above


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80. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Containeda) Neglected b) Accomodated c) Controlledd) Excluded e) None of these

81. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Reckoneda) Nullified b) Abandoned c) Startedd) Considered e) None of these

82. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Envisageda) Anticipated b) Amazed c) Doubtedd) Discarded e) None of these

83. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Proceedsa) Profit b) Outgo c) Incomed) Interests e) None of these

84. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Squeezea) Congestion b) Crunch c) Restraintd) Release e) None of these


The first budget of the new administration needed to focus on two keymacro problems a path to fiscal consolidation and a clear signal for structuralreforms to boost the long run growth trajectory of the economy. The budgetdelivers on both counts.

On the fiscal deficit, the new government has continued from where theprevious administration left in laying out a path and a commitmen to reducing thedeficit to 3% of GDP by FY 17. On the structural reform path, there was a clearfocus on boosting labour intensive manufacturing and growth.

The excise duty cuts for food processing and footwear industries, creationof SEZs, single window clearance, tax deductions for investments, reforms to theApprenticeship Act and Rs.10,000 Crore as venture capital for SMEs were all smallsteps in that direction. While the fiscal path is admirable, it also may be too


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aggressive. It may be difficult to get a 20% increase in tax revenues in a year whengrowth is likely to remain below 6%.

The assumption of service tax revenues growing by 40% may be a tadoptimistic. Further, the 3G telecom privatisation proceeds of Rs.45,000 Crore alsolook ambitious. To achieve the governments medium term targets will not be easy.First, we would have preferred a more realistic and gradual approach toconsolidation. Taking an extra year to reach the 3% deficit target (i.e. by FY 18instead of FY 17) might be more realistic, and would not compromise macrostability. Second, there is an urgent need for a return to fiscal rules and the FRBMAct, with due sanctions, as the Economic Survey argues. Without it, and despite themedium term path laid out in the budget, there may be an incentive to pause onfiscal consolidation, as happened in FY 09 and was witnessed through FY 12.More than 80 countries follow some sort of a fiscal rule and have found them veryuseful in imposing fiscal descipline.

Third, if consolidation is based on increasing the tax base, then furthererosions could be avoided. In this regard, the increase in income tax exemptionlimits further reduces an already small tax base. Only 3% of Indians (35 mn) payincome tax compared with more than 20% of Chinese and over 45% of Americans.The strategy that China followed was to not raise I ncome tax thresholds with risingincomes to increase the base further. If the government consistently raises thethreshold limits, it would be difficult to expand the tax base.

Fourth, tax administration could be improved by having an independentrevenue service, with its own budget and autonomy in hiring staff. As thegovernment implements its revenue strategy, autonomy and reforms inadministration could be potentially very helpful.

Fifth, a road map for reducing subsidies, particularly the large fertilisersubsidy, can give greater credence to the consolidation path.

The budget marks a very good beginning in terms of signalling acommitment to fiscal discipline and structural regorms. While the strategy seems toimprove GDP growth and, thereby, reduce fiscal deficit through revenue byoyancy,such a strategy is fraught with risks.

We think that to meet the consolidation path requires a clear set of rules,measures to broadbase the tax system and a road map to reduce subsidies. Thisbudget lays out the overall vision.

85. Which of the following statements is not based on the facts mentioned inthe given passage?a) It will be difficult to get a 20% increase in income tax revenue if thegrowth remains below 6%.b) It will be difficult to achieve governments medium term targets.c) The new government has committed to reducing the fiscal deficit to 3%of GDP by FY 17.d) Among India, China and America, the highest number of tax payers livein America.

86. What is being done by the government for structural reform?


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a) Special attention was paid on the growth of labour intensivemanufacturing.b) Excise duty cut for food processing and footwear industries was allowedc) SEZs are to be createdd) All of the above

87. What is/are the prerequisite(s) to meet the consolidation path? Give youranswer in the context of the given passage.a) More and more people should be brought under the net of income tax.b) A blue print should be prepared to reduce subsidies.c) An independent, autonomous body with an authority to inspect thefunctioning of income tax department should be brought into existence.d) Only a) and b)

88. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Erosiona) Destruction b) Deterioration c) Strengtheningd) Consumption

89. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Buoyancya) Elasticity b) Snap c) Rigidityd) Feslience

90. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Fraughta) Empty b) Devoid c) Lackd) Abound

91. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Consistentlya) Steadily b) Customarily c) Neverd) Congruously

92. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Credencea) Distrust b) Assurance c) Beliefd) Credit


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The RBI orders a moratorium when a banks financial stability isthreatened. Depositors face some restrictions on withdrawing money from theiraccounts during this period. Currently the restriction is confined to prematurewithdrawl of FDs in case of Kapol Bank. Customers can still withdraw money fromtheir savings and current accounts. However, the Bhanking Regulation Act hasprovisions for relief to customers facing a financial emergency. Banksadministrative board can approach the RBI with a plea for relaxing the withdrawallimits in case of account holders such as those who have saved or deposited moneyfor their medical treatment or educational purpose and pensioners, says VNKulkarni, chief credit counsellor with the Bank of India backed Abhay CreditCounselling Centre.

Since one cannot do much after the bank gets into trouble or the RBI comesinto the picture, it would be wise to take some precautions. Depositors need to beselective not only in choosing the bank, but also in depositing the amount usingdifferent combinations, says Kulkarni. For instance, you can maintain the firstdeposit in your name, held jointly with your spouse or children. Similarly, thesecond joint FD could be created with your wife as the first holder. This will helpyou benefit from the deposit insurance cover extended to retail depositors.

Currently, deposits are insured upto Rs.1 Lakh per bank, and not per branchof the same bank. You can also look at maintaining FDs in more than one bank tospread out the risk.

However, this may not be feasible for some individuals. For instance, aretiree who wishes to invest her huge retirement corpus in FDs. It is not feasible tosplit a huge amount of, say, Rs.50 Lakh into 50 deposits with different banks.Senior citizens have to strike a balance between convenience, risks and higherreturns that some of the smaller banks offer, says Suresh Sadagopan, certifiedfinancial planner and founder, Ladder. Financial Advisories. He recommendsdiversification by investing in fixed income options like company FDs, non-convertible debentures as also more secure alternatives such as tax free bonds andsenior citizens savings scheme, which offers an interest rate of 9.2%. You must alsoevaluate the banks credentials carefully before parking your money in it. Whileselecting the bank, you need to ascertain its gross NPAs. It should be not higherthan 5%. Similarly, ensure that your bank has adequate capital as prescribed by theregulators, says Kulkarni. That is, minimum 9% of risk-weighted assets, and atleast 12%, in case of cooperative banks. You will find this information in thebalance sheets of banks.

93. Which of the following is not definitely true with respect to Kapol Bank?a) It is a private sector bankb) At present, premature withdrawal of FD cannot be allowed.c) Customers of this bank have been allowed withdrawal of money fromtheir CASA.


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d) There are no restrictions on withdrawal except of premature fixeddeposits.

94. Find the statement which is not based on the facts mentioned in the passage.a) Under certain circumstances, account holders facing financial emergencycan be allowed withdrawal of moiney beyond withdrawal limit as per theprovisions laid down in the Banking Regulation Act.b) When the bank gets into trouble it is better for a depositor to be selectivein both ch oosing the bank and depositing the amount using differentcombinations.c) When the financial stability of a bank is at stake the central bank ordres amoratoriumd) The central bank has ordered a moratorium on Kapol Bank.

95. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed inbold as used in the passage.Parkinga) Removing b) Depositing c) Stoppingd) Walking

96. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed inbold as used in the passage.Picturea) Scene b) Mainstream c) Portraitd) Role

97. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed inbold as used in the passage.Diversificationa) Variegation b) Homogenous c) Allocationd) Division

98. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Threateneda) Warned b) Jeopardised c) Ensuredd) Exposed

99. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Strikea) Maintain b) Hit c) Knockd) Smack


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Indias banking sector may be getting ready for a wave of consolidation asthe country tries to build institutions of world class proportions. Four big state runbanks State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of Baroda and Bank ofIndia have already begun on exercise to identify takeover targets to gain access tofranchises that would augment their capabilities, said three top bankers familiarwith the move. The top managements of the four banks are in the process ofpreparing a blueprint that would explain the rationale for absorbing one or twoentities, said the people cited above, none of whom wanted to be named. Employeesat these state run banks are engaged in the exercise after Finance Minister ArunJaitley gave the lenders the go-ahead to decide how they would strategiese toremain relevant in the emerging economic scenario.

We are hearing from the corridors of finance ministry that there isseriousness on consolidation of banks, said an executive from one of the top fourbanks. The sense we are getting is that first there could be merger of at least oneSBI associate bank with SBI to kick off the consolidation process. Although nonames of likely acquisition targets are being discussed at these four banks, the keyconditions for a smaller bank will be regional, technological and culturaladvantages. For instance, a bank such as Bank of Baroda, which does not have apresence in the East, may prefer one from that part of the country. State run bankshave weakened over the years as governments have treated them as an organ of theadministration and used them to push their social agenda. Meanwhile, lenders inneighbouring China have acquired scale while those in India are puny bycomparison, giving them little clout in global markets.

The economic downturn, with growth having almost halved from the peak,has exposed the fault lines in the system. The parlous financial position of thegovernment has left banks capital starved - the allocation for this year is tinycompared with the amount needed to meet Basel III standards. And, to accesscapital from the market, the state run banks need a strategy to turn more profitable.Currently, they are labouring under bad debt on account of companies finding itdifficult to repay loans because of the slump.

Government has made it clear that they will not give any capital, said oneof the bankers. Banks that have the capital and the capability to raise capital couldlook at acquisitions, he said, while adding Nothing has reached the drawingboard. Banks are only doing all kinds of permutations and combinations.

To be sure, state run bank consolidation has been discussed for nearly adecade, but little progress has been made, except for shotgun weddings that wereaimed at rescuing ventures in poor shape. Inertia among banks, cultural issues andfears of trade union unrest held up any such move. That may now change with thenew government.

There have been some suggestions for consolidation of public sectorbanks, Jaitley said in his July 10 Budget speech. Government, in principle, agressto consider these suggestions.


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A committee set up by the Reserve Bank of India under former Axis BankChairman P.J. Nayak had suggested that the health of state run banks was poor. Tostrengthen them, the report said it would be better either to privatise these banksand allow their future solvency to be subject to market competition, includingthrough mergers; or to design a radically new governance structure for these bankswhich would better ensure their ability to compete successfully, in order thatrepeated claims for capital support from the government, unconnected with marketreturns, are avoided.

The market share of the public sector banks is forecast to decline from 80%in 2000 to just over 60% in 2025, Nayak had said. They stack up poorly in manyrespects against non-state institutions. For instance, net profit per employee at thenew private sector banks was about four tiems that of the SBI Group in the yearended March 2013.

100. Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?a) Four big state run banks have begun to identify takeover targets.b) The finance minister has given free hand to state run banks to make theirown strategy for banking business.c) The four big state run banks have already decided the names of somesmall banks likely to be taken overd) According to PJ Nayak Committee report, the state run banks were notperforming well.

101. Why have banks turned capital starved? Answer in the context ofthe passage?a) Because of excessive loans santioned to malafide customersb) Because of bad monetary policy of the RBIc) Because of the excessive payments towards government sponsoredschemes without appropriate provision for themd) Because of the dangerous financial position of the government

102. Which of the following is possibly the most appropriate title for thepassage?a) Policy Paralysis of the Central Governmentb) The Economic Downturnc) Union Budget 2014: A Reviewd) Consolidation of Banks

103. Which of the following statements regarding the consolidation ofstate run banks is/are true? Answer in the context of the passage.a) Efforts for consolidation of state run banks are on for past one decade butnothing remarkable has come out as yet.b) The consolidation of state run banks is a complex task and it will takesome more years for its completion.c) Banks are doing all kinds of permutations and combinations but theresult is cipher.


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d) Only a) and b)

104. What does the phrase kick off mean as used in the passage?a) Discontinue b) Breakdown c) Smashd) Begin

105. Under the current scenarioi what do state run banks need to do toaccess capital from the market?a) They need to float public sharesb) They need a strategy to earn more profitc) They should increase lending rate to attract depositors.d) They should announce handsome returns to depositors.

106. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Acquisitiona) Redemption b) Forfeit c) Possessiond) Dearth

107. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Parlousa) Harmful b) Strong c) Criticald) Powerful

108. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Inertiaa) Inactivity b) Liveliness c) Awakeningd) Interest

109. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Solvencya) Destitution b) Depriviation c) Impotencyd) Financial competence

110. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Punya) Trivial b) Strong c) Inferiord) Tiny

111. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Augment


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a) Reinforce b) Strengthen c) Magnifyd) Multiply

Directions (Q. 112-120) Read the passage carefully and answer the given belowit. Certain words /phrases are given in bold to help you locate them whileanswering some of the questions.

Sanjaya Barus book has been perceived as an attack on PM ManmohanSingh by a disgruntled employee who was denied a job by the Prime Minister in hissecond term. This is a completely wrong reading of the book. It is, in fact, a defenceof Manmohan by a member of his fan club. Fortunately, it is not a fawninghagiography. It is straightforward and gossipy, but not excessively so. It is animportant contribution to contemporary Indian history; it can also be read as a textbook for those who wish to understand how politics and administration actuallywork in India of our times. Like the Crossman Diaries in Britain in earlier times andlike Duty by Robert Gates in the US in recent times, it throws light on contingenciesand counterfactuals.

Future historians may see inevitable and inexorable patterns in the waythings have unfolded in India in the last decade. Barus book will be a source thatwill help the historian focus with some humility on issues of choice and chance.

Baru was recruited by Manmohan and worked with him closely as MediaAdviser, Baru is a loyal defender of his boss. Contrary to the popular perception ofManmohan being dour or politically clumsy, Baru makes the case that theeconomist turned politician is, in fact, a clever and sophisticated operator.Manmohans excellent relationship with wily and experienced politicians likeSharad Pawar, Karunanidhi, Lalu Prasad, Harkishen Surjeet, Jyoti Basu and evenVajpayee and Jaswant Singh would not have been possible if he had been nave orweak. On issues which mattered to Manmohan like Free Trade Agreements or theNuclear Accord, he can be a cool and consummate political operator. But he doeshave his blind spots. Whether it is because he has a lifelong commitment to civilservice traditions that one department must not intrude on the turf of anotherdepartment, or it is out of a conviction that party politics is not his forte, or forwhatever unmentioned reason, Manmohan has kept himself severely andcompletely away from the Congress Party. Perhaps, Manmohan felt that his ownpolitical guru, Narasimha Rao, paid a price for intruding into areas where both foolsand angels should fear to tread. The net result was that Man mohan had less supportfrom his own party leaders and, in Barus opinion, that proved very costly for ouraccidental Prime Minister.

There are some self-serving bits in this memoir. Manmohans performancein UPA-1 is portrayed as outstanding. After all, Baru was with him most of thattime, was he not? And some of the achievements of that time seem to have a greaterBaru imprint than what other observers might concede. And virtually all theproblems of Manmohan seem to have coincided with UPA-2 when Baru was nolonger around! Neverthless, Barus professionalism and better nature does assertitself almost everywhere in the book. He gives himself far less credit than otherswho have written similar books tend to do. He is lucid enough to concede that in


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economic matters, effects are preceded by causes with some lags. The good times ofUPA-1 were not merely because the global economy was strong, but becauseManmohan inherited a good legacy from Vajapayee. The roots of many of theproblems in UPA-2 were the results of sins of profligacy committed during UPA-1when economic growth was not only taken for granted, but treated with somecontempt by the elitist do-gooders of the National Advisory Council, which couldhave been a source of anodyne amusement, if so many of its actions had not endedup being dangerous, even disastrous for the country.

112. Which of the following, according to the author, is true aboutSanjaya Barus book?a) It is a book intended to attack the former PM Manmohan Singhb) It is a fawning hagiographyc) It is straightforward and excessively gossipyd) It is a book which throws light on contingencies and counterfactuals ofIndian politics

113. Which of the following statements is contrary to the facts mentinedin the given passage?a) Narasimha Rao was the political guru of Manmohan Singhb) As per civil service traditions, one department must not intrude on theturf of another departmentc) Manmohan Singh kept himself severely and completely away from theCongress Party.d) None of these

114. Which of the following facts supports the view that Manmohan wasneither a nave nor a weak Prime Minister?a) During his regime the nuclear deal was signed, which is one of mostimportant achievementsb) He had a very good relationship with wily and experienced politiciansc) Manmohan Singh preferred to keep mum than to indulge intocontroversyd) He was aware of the fact that party politics is not his forte and hence hekept himself away from active politics.

115. Why, according to Baru, was Manmohans performance in UPA-1outstanding?a) Because Baru was with him most of the timeb) Because the Congress Party had done a lot of good work to alleviatepovertyc) Because the global economy was strong and Manmohan Singh hadinherited a good legacy from Vajpayee.d) Because UPA-2 was full of scams


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116. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Intrudea) Associate b) Interfere c) Leaved) Combine

117. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Profligacya) Fraglity b) Restraint c) Lackingd) Recklessness

118. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Anodynea) Soother b) Upsetting c) Excitatived) Agitating

119. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Inexorablea) Harsh b) Dogged c) Flexibled) Relentless

120. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Concedea) Allow b) Accord c) Acknowledged) Reject


Since 1947, Indians have not spoken out so strongly and clearly for acompletely new brand of people running government. Mercifully, there are noministers educated abroad. Thankfully, none of them has been brainwashed atHarvard, Stanford, Cambridge, the World bank or the IMF, subtly forcing expensiveWestern solutions on typically Indian problems at the cost of the poor. Look whatthe high powered, foreign returned degree wallahs have reduced this country to.They wasted opportunities to show the inner strength of what is essentially Indianbecause they never really knew their own people living in Bharat. In the eyes of theWorld, we have lost our self-respect, dignity and identity.

All the ministers now have gone through average government schools.Some have never been to college. Many have experienced poverty, exploitation,injustice and discrimination at some point of time in their lives. It is truly the first


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barefoot government ever to be voted into power in independent India. Where elsein the World would you have a one time tea seller on a railway station becomingPrime Minister, shaping the destiny of more than one billion people?

The first example the Modi government must set is by drastically reducingthe perks and privileges of MPs. Free power, food, housing, travel to those whosepersonal assets run into crores and a Rs.2 Crore annual fund for development forover 500 MPs is costing the exchequer nearly Rs.2000 Crore. Only the PrimeMinister will be able to make it happen and, at the same time, stifle any dissentfrom BJP MPs. The time is now.

No other government in the World has a Class 12 pass woman ministersspeaking as an equal to almost 120 heavily qualified, on paper, vice chancellors (90% male). Today, as we judge them, the VCs are all to intellectually and morallyfatigued. There is something dreadfully wrong with an education system thatproduces graduates from even private, expensive, snobbish schools and collegeswho are still prejudiced about caste, class, religion, sex and colour. Thesegraduates, who roam the streets of small towns and cities by the thousands, callthemselves educated, practise the worst forms of cruelty, slavery and crimesagainst humanity, against society and in their own families. Indeed, some of themrose to the level of their incompetence by becoming ministers in previousgovernments, reinforcing the status quo, wasting vast public resources byimplementing silly Western ideas, listening to foreign returned experts andmaking a hopeless mess of this country. The tragedy is that they cannot see thecolossal damage they have done to the very fabric of this country.

121. What is/are true about the ministers of the new government formedat the Centre?a) Some of them are ghighly qualified and foreign degree holders.b) Only a few of them are t he products of average government schools.c) There are so me ministers who have never been to college.d) Our Prime Minister is a postgraduate in Political Science.

122. Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of theministers of the last government at the Centre?a) Some of the ministers of the last government at the Centre were educatedabroad.b) The ministers of the last government were brainwashed at foreignuniversities to suggest Western solutions for Indian problems.c) The Western degree holder ministers coming from the elite class neverknew their own people living in Bharat.d) Though the ministers of the last government were Western educated yetthey had great concern about the gripping problems of India

123. Which of the following statements is based on the facts mentionedin the passage?a) The present government aims at reducing the perks and privileges ofMLAs.


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b) There is something wrong with those educational institutions thatprodujce graduates who remain prejudiced about caste, class and genderc) The elitist education policy has still managed to make students humbleand sensitive towards humanity.d) None of the present ministers has gone through poverty, injustice,exploitation and discrimination

124. What is the perception about India in the eyes of the World?a) That India is a developing nationb) That we dont have self respect, dignity and identityc) That India is still a c ountry of snake charmersd) That India is an educationally backward nation

125. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Destinya) Objective b) Prospect c) Futured) Concept

126. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Perksa) Benefits b) Candy c) Lossd) Constraints

127. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Fatigueda) Fresh b) Lively c) Exhaustedd) Vivacious

128. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Dissenta) Strife b) Marvellous c) Objectionsd) Approval

129. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Snobbisha) Haughty b) Pompous c) Arrogantd) Humble

Directions (Q. 130-139) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/expressions are given in bold in thepassage to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.


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My God, it speaks uttered the Emperor of Brazil and the receivr of theTelephone slipped from his hand and banged around. At the other end AlexanderGraham Bell was still on line.

This incident goes back to 1876 when at an exhibition in Philadelphia,Alexander Graham Bell was giving a demonstration of his new invention. Thisstrange instrument known as Telephone was to revolutionize life in the years tocome.

Bell was born at Edinborough, Scotland. He was a teacher and, wasdedicated to the noble cause of teaching the deaf and the dumb. Due to a severeillness, Bell was sent to Canada in 1870, where too he got engaged in helping thedumb deaf to hear and speak. Thereafter, he shifted to the USA but continuted withhis work by opening a school f or deaf to hear and dumb.

Bell was fond of scientific inventions and was ever engaged in makingsome machines in his spare time. While at Boston, he tried to communicate throughmetal wire. His companion in this work was Watson. One day while experimentingwith this instrument, Bell spoke to Watson standing at a distance. Watson was takenby a pleasant surprise as he had heard Bell clearly through his instrument. Theinstrument was a success and Bell patented it.

Graham Bell had some sterling qualities of head and heart. Apart frombeing as artist, he was a kind human being, ready to help the needy. He establishedan institution for the deaf and dumb children. He died in 1922 in Canada. The entirenorthern America paid him a tribute by hanging up their telephones for a whileduring his funeral.

130. The teaching activity undertaken by Bell was considered nobleparticularly because a) He was teaching the physically under privileged personsb) There was nobody else in the field of educationc) He was not accepting any salary of that jobd) He was a very famous scientist of his times

131. The words uttered by the Emperor of Brazil suggest that it wasextremelya) Angry b) Insulted c) Surprisedd) Agitated

132. What according to the passage was the contribution of invention oftelephone?a) Interaction between two persons at some distance was possibleb) Rich people were able to communicate with othersc) Graham Bell could converse with Watson regarding invention throughtelephoned) It revolutionized human life

133. Which of the following made Bell to invent telephone?


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a) His activity of teachingb) His service to the deaf and dumbc) He kept interest in scientific inventionsd) Encouragement received from Watson

134. Graham Bell made the telephone call of his invention to theEmperor from the city ofa) Edinborough b) Philadelphia c) Brazild) Boston

135. Bell had gone to Canada in 1870 fora) Treating a patient who was seiously illb) Helping the deaf and dumb children to hear and speakc) Undergoing medical treatment for himselfd) Devoting his full time to his invention

136. Choose the word or group of words which is most nearly the samein meaning as the word printed in bold?Revolutionizea) Affect adverselyb) Develop graduallyc) Illuminate completelyd) Change drastically

137. Choose the word or group of words which is most nearly the samein meaning as the word printed in bold?Dedicateda) Appointed b) Deployed c) Devotedd) Religious

138. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold.Continueda) Irregular b) Destroyed c) Reckonedd) Suspended

139. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold.Pleasanta) Admirable b) Disgusting c) Niced) Indecent

Directions (Q. 140-147) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words are printed in bold to help you tolocate them while answering some of the questions.


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The yearly festival was close at hand. The store room was packed with silkfabrics, gold ornaments, clay bowls full of sweet curd and platefuls of sweetmeats.The orders had been placed with shops well in advance. The mother was sendingout gifts to everyone.

The eldest son, a government servant, lived with his wife and children in faroff lands. The second son had left home at an early age. As a merchant he travelledall over the World. The other sons had split up over petty squabbles and they nowlived in homes of their own. The relatives were spread all across the World. Theyrarely visited. The youngest son, left in the company of a servant, was soon boredleft her and stood at the door all day long, waiting and watching. His mother,thrilled and excited, loaded the presents on trays and plates, covered them withcolourful kerchiefs, and sent them off with maids and servants. The neighbourslooked on.

The day came to an end. All the presents had been sent off.The child came back into the house and dejectedly said to his mother,

Maa, you gave present to everyone, but you d idnt give me anything!His mother laughed, I have given all the gifts away to everyone, now see

whats left for you. She kissed him on the forehead.The child said in a tearful voice. Dont get a gift?Youll get it when you go far away. But when I am close to you, dont I

get something from your own hands?His mother reached out her arms and drew him to her This is all I have in

my own hands. It is the most precious of all.

140. Why did the womans second son travel?a) He was restless by natureb) He did not want to stay at homec) He was rich and could afford to traveld) His job was such that he had to travel

141. Why did the womans eldest son not attend the festival?a) He was not on good terms with his youngest brother who lived at homeb) He had quarrelled with his motherc) His wife did not allow him to return homed) None of these

142. Which of the following can be said about the woman?a) She was a widow who had brought up her children single handedlyb) She was not a good mother since her children had left home at an earlyagec) She enjoyed sending her family gifts at festival timed) She gave expensive presents to show that she was wealthy

143. What did the boy receive from his mother?a) She taught him the value of patienceb) She encouraged him to grow up and live independently like his brother


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c) She showed him the importance of giving expensive giftsd) She gave him a hug to express her love

144. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?a) The woman usually ignored her youngest sonb) The womans eldest son lived abroadc) The members of the womans family did not care about herd) The woman made all the preparations herself since she did not want toburden the servants

145. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Lefta) Gone b) Quit c) Remainingd) Disappeared

146. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Packeda) Filled b) Squeezed c) Crowdd) Collected

147. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordDejectedly as used in the passage.a) Calmly b) Happily c) Willinglyd) Fortunately

Directions (Q. 148-156) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you tolocate them while answering some of the questions.

During Emperor Akbars reign, there was a poor man in Agra, who wasthrought to bring bad luck. People believed that if any one looked at his face in themorning, they would have a bad day.

Get lost, you ugly fellow! he would be cursed by one and all. Hide yourface before you kill someone with your evil eye!

The emperor soon heard of this mans reputation and wanted to see him.The poor fellow, who had not harmed a single person in his life, was brought toAkbar.

Akbar took a look at him and asked him to be brought back in the evening.That particular day was an especially full and tiring day for the emperor and

his courtiers.So, many matters had to be attended to that Akbar even forgot to eat. By the

end of the day, the emperor was exhausted. To make matters worse, Akbar wasinformed that his favourite child, little Prince Salim, had fallen ill.


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Then the emperor suddenly remembered that he had seen the face of theunlucky man that morning.

That was it. It was that mans entire fault, Akbar decided.Akbar called his courtiers and told them that he was going to have

unlucky man executed. All of them agreed immediately.That is all except Birbal. Instead, Birbal let out a short laugh.What is the matter, Birbal? asked the emperor You seem to find

something funny!Nothing, your majesty, replied BirbalYou say this man brings bad luck because you had to go without food ever

since you saw him this morn ing. Look at his luck. Yours was the first face he sawtoday, and has to die because to it.

Akbar immediately realized his folly and rewarded Birbal for his wisdom.

148. Why had the king not eaten his food?a) He was very busy that dayb) He had seen the face of the unlucky fellowc) He was not feeling welld) None of these

149. Who was not well on that particular day?a) King Akbarb) The King's courtiersc) Birbald) Prince Salim

150. Which of the following describes Birbal?a) He was a famous merchantb) He had lost his sensesc) He was very poord) He possessed good logical thinking

151. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?a) The poor man wanted to see the kingb) The poor man was well educatedc) The courtiers were sympathetic with the poor mand) King Akbar realized his mistake

152. What was Birbals initial reaction when he heard that the poormanwould be executed?a) He was angry because Akbar had not taken his adviceb) He laughed slightlyc) He was silent and wanted to give a change to the poor mand) None of these


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153. Choose the word that is most nearly the same meaning as theword/phrase printed in bold as used in the passage.Reputationa) Character b) Respect c) Famed) Report

154. Choose the word that is most nearly the same meaning as theword/phrase printed in bold as used in the passage.Follya) Argument b) Mistake c) Wordsd) Conflict

155. Choose the word which is the most opposite in meaning of theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Hidea) Seek b) Show c) Go awayd) Indicate

156. Choose the word which is the most opposite in meaning of theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Exhausteda) Consumed b) Drained c) Restlessd) Energetic

Directions (Q. 157-164) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words are printed in bold to help you locatethem while, answering some of the questions.

In the town, where Abhiram painted pictures of gods and goddesses,everyone knew him only as a stranger, who had always painted pictures for a living.No one knew him or his past. He would think, I was once wealthy but its all gonenow ______ and in a way it is for the better. I meditate on various forms of God allday long now, my bread and butter comes from that. I also place his image in all thehouses. None can take away the respect and goodwill this earns me. One day theroyal Minister passed away. The King employed a new Minister from a foreignland. The whole town was abuzz with the news but that day Abhirams fingersstilled to a halt. Abhirams father and adopted an orphan boy, whom he raised andtrusted more than his own son, Abhiram. But the boy had turned traitor and hadstolen the old mans fortune from him. The very same man and now come to thenew kingdom as the new Minister. The room where Abhiram painted was also hispuja room. He went in, folded his hands and queried, Is this why I have spent somany years meditating on. You through every colour, every line? Is this how youreward me with such an insult?

The chariot pageant was coming up. At the fairgrounds many people fromdifferent lands thronged to buy Abhirams pictures. In that throng, there was a littleboy watched over by servants. He picked out one picture. Abhiram turned to the


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childs attendant and asked, who is this boy? He replied, The only son of ourroyal Minister. Abhiram covered his paintings with a cloth and said, I will not sellmy pictures. Which only made the child want the picture even more? He camehome and sulked in the corner and refused to eat. The Minister sent a bagful ofcoins for Abhiram, but the bag came back to the Minister untouched. The Ministersaid to himself, what audacity! The more he was pestered, the more dogged wasAbhirams refusal and he thought, This is my victory.

Every morning the first thing Abhiram did was to paint a picture of his ownbeloved deity. This was the only form of worship known to him. One day, herealized the painting wasnt to his satisfaction. Something looked different. Itwasnt looking right. He felt tormented. As the days passed, the subtle differencebecame more apparent until one day Abhiram looked up, started by the realization________ he could see it clearly now - the face oif his God was beginning to lookmore and more like the Minister. He hurled his brush to the ground and said, Sothe Ministger wins! That same day the painting to the Minister and said, Here isthe picture, give it to your son. The Minister asked, How much? Abhiram said,You robbed me of my devotion to God I shall gain it back by gifting you thispicture. The Minister had no idea what he was talking about.

157. Why did Abhiram paint a picture of one particular deity everymorning?a) His paintings of this particular deity were very popular and he sold manyof themb) He kept trying to paint the picture well but he never succeededc) In memory of his father, who had great devotion for the deityd) It was his way of praying

158. Why did the Minister send a bagful of gold to Abhirams house?a) As penance for taking Abhirams rightful share of their fathers propertyb) He admired artists and wanted to pay his respects to Abhiramc) As a bribe to ensure that Abhiram would keep t heir past a secretd) He wanted to purchase a painting that his son was determined to have

159. Why was Abhiram disappointed with his most recent painting?a) Despite his best efforts, he could not get the painting to resemble theMinisterb) Attention to details which made his paintings so popular was missingc) Instead of resembling, a replica of a deity, the painting looked like aportrait of the Ministerd) Since, he was unable to paint the lighting effects properly, the deity didnot look lifelike in the portrait

160. What was Abhirams first reaction when, he heard about theappointment of the new Royal Minister?a) He decided not to sell his paintings at the chariot pageantb) He stopped praying because he believed that God had abandoned him


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c) He gave up his carrer as an artistd) None of these

161. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.Audacitya) Courage b) Fear c) Insultd) Rudeness

162. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.Ideaa) Image b) Understanding c) Designd) Plan

163. Choose the word, which is most opposite in meaning of the wordgiven in bold as used in the passage.Gaina) Lose b) Decrease c) Lackd) Fail

164. Choose the word, which is most opposite in meaning of the wordgiven in bold as used in the passage.Doggeda) Polite b) Weak c) Unstabled) Soft

Directions (Q. 165-173) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in the bold to helpyou to locate them while answering some of the questions.

A goat was struggling violently and injured many people, as it was beingled away by a dozen men through the street. It was being taken away for asacrificial offering. But it became calm the moment it saw a saint. The saint bentdown and said somethhing in its ear and patted it on its back. He then withdrewcovering his face and muttering How sad! My poor friend!.

The animal now tame allowed itself to be led away. The onlookers flockedaround the saint and asked him what he had whispered to the goat?

The Saint explained that the goiat was a reincarnation of his good friend, awealthy man who instituted the sacrifice as a ritual in the village and that he hadtold the goat that the game was started by it in its previous birth so why was itcomplaining now when it was its time toi be in the same boat. He continued Asone sows, so shall he reap.

The story spread and even tually brought an end to the ritual of animalslaughter in the name of sacrificial offering in the village.


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165. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?a) Reincarnation is a phenomenon which occursb) One receives as one propagatesc) Animal slaughter is now banned by lawd) Saints do have magical powers

166. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?a) The goat was not sacrificedb) The ritual of sacrifice gradually stopped in the villagec) The Saint did not believe in reincarnationd) The onlookers were ashamed of themselves and avoided the Saint

167. Why did the goat recognize the Saint?a) It was the Saint who had asked people to sacrifice itb) The Saint was wearing a robe unlike the other onlookersc) The Saint had a peculiar lookd) The Saint had been a good friend of the goat in its previous birth

168. Why did the Saint mutter How sad! My poor friend?a) He was against the lifestyle of his friendb) The goat had been injured while it was being led awayc) The goat was dying from its woundsd) He was sad because his friend was going to be killed

169. Why did the animal become docile after the Saint talked to it?a) It was keen to be sacrificedb) It had already injured many people and was tiredc) The priest promised that it wouldnt be sacrificedd) It had accepted that it deserved its fate

170. Choose the word that is most nearly the same in meaning to theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Patteda)

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