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ENGLISH SECTION-A (LITERATURE)

1. (i) Answer the following questions: 5x2=10 (a) How did Jean-Victor describe his stay with the chair mender? (b) Who does the speaker credit for shaping her values? (c) What was Susan’s gift for the family and how was it special? (d) Describe the scene when the two kidnappers were planning to leave Red Chief at his

home. (e) Why does the writer regard acquiring feedback as the most important thing a leader

does? (ii) Answer the following questions: 5x2=10 (a) What was the significant of the piece of bread that rolled in front of the Duke’s feet? (b) How does the speaker describe the price women have paid for the brutality against

them? (c) Describe Susan’s experience of learning to drive the motorbike. (d) How did the kidnappers demand the ransom to the boy’s father? (e) Why does the writer refer to our modern society as a ‘dynamic paradigm’?

2. (i) Answer any one of the following questions in about 150 words: 5 (a) Grandma ‘swelled with pride’ when Susan handed her the bottle of honey.

What was Grandma’s role in Susan’s life? (b) Write a character sketch of the Red Chief. (c) Write a note on the achievements of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf. (d) What is Emotional intelligence? How can being emotionally intelligent help us in

becoming brilliant leaders? 3. (I) Read the lines from the poem and answer the questions that follows:

i. O, no! it is an ever-fixed mark, That looks on tempests and is never shaken; It is he star to every wandering bark,…… (a) What does ‘it’ refer to? 1 (b) Why is it ‘ever-fixed’? 1 (c) What do you understand by the phrase ‘wandering bark’? 1 ii. I am not yet born; provide me With water to dandle me, grass to grow for me, trees to talk to me , Sky to sing to me, birds and a white light in the back of my mind to guide. (a) What does the unborn want? 1 (b) What does the poet refer to as ‘ a white light’? 1 (c) What is the tone of the prayer here? 1

iii. ………are you grieving Over Goldengrove unleaving? Leaves like the things of man, you With your fresh thoughts care for, can you? (a) Who is ‘You’ referred to here? 1 (b) Explain the significance of the word ‘Goldengrove’. 1 (c) How does the ‘fresh thoughts’ of the person associated with spring? 1

(II) Read the lines from the poem and answer any two questions that follow: i. I am not yet born; O fill me With strength against those who would freeze my Humanity ,would dragoon me into a lethal automaton,

Would make me a cog in a machine, (a) What is the speaker’s plea in these lines? 1

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(b) Whom does the speaker want to fight? 1 (c) What do ‘lethal automaton’ and ‘ a cog in a machine signify’? 1 ii. Cannon to the right of them Cannon to left of them Cannon in front of them Volley’d and thunder’d; Strom’d at with shot and shell Boldly they rode and well, Into the jaws of Death, Into the mouth of Hell Rode the six hundred. (a) What effect does the repetition of the word ‘cannon’ have on the reader? 1 (b) Explain the phrase ‘Jaw of Death’. 1 (c) Why is the valley described as mouth of Hell? 1 iii. What heart heard of, ghost guessed It is the blight man was born for’ It is Margaret you mourn for. (a) Who is the speaker here? 1 (b) What has the heart ‘heard’ of? 1

(c) What ‘blight’ was man born for? 1 4 (i) Write a short note on the soldiers as portrayed in the poem, ’The Charge of the

Light Brigade’. 4 (ii) How is the central idea of the poem, ’Let Me Not to the Marriage of True Minds’

presented through different images? 4 5. (i) Write a character sketch of Mark Antony. Do you think he was an orator par

excellence? Support your answer with valid reasons. 5 (ii) The evil that men do lives after them, The good is oft interred with their bones; So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious; If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answer’d it Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest,- For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men. (a) Write down the lines which show Antony believes that Caesar suffered for being

faultless. 1 (b) Antony begins his speech appearing to agree with Brutus on Caesar’s death. Why? 2 (c) Antony plays on the word ‘honourable’. What effect does this have on the crowd? 2 6. (i). Answer the following questions in about 150 words: 5x2=10

(a) Describe in detail the funeral service arranged for Sir Simon, the ghost. (b) Mr. Otis has a practical approach and is given to action in his approach to find

Virginia. Justify this statement. (c) Write a note on humour and satirical elements in The Canterville Ghost. (d) Why is Mr Otis reluctant to let Virginia keep the jewels and what reason does Lord

Canterville give to convince Mr Otis to accept the jewels? (e) Write a note on the theme of The Canterville Ghost (f) Describe each member of the Otis family and explain atleast one common

characteristic present in all of them, citing instances as you do so?

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SECTION-B (Reading) 7. (I) People talk of memorials to him in statues of bronze or marble or pillars and thus they

mock him and belie his message. What tribute shall we pay to him that he would have appreciated? He has shown us the way to live and the way to die and if we have not understood that lesson, it would be better that we raised memorial to him, for only fit memorial is to follow reverently in the path he showed us and to do our duty in life and in death.

He was a Hindu and an Indian, the greatest in many generations, and he was proud of being a Hindu and an Indian. To him India was dear, because she had represented throughout the ages certain immutable truths. But though he was intensely religious and came to be called the Father of the Nation which he had liberated, yet no narrow religious or national bonds confined his spirit. And so he became the great internationalist, believing in the essential unity of man, the underlying unity of all religions, and the needs of humanity, and more specially devoting himself to the service of the poor, the distressed and the oppressed millions everywhere.

His death brought more tribute than have been paid at the passing of any other human being in history. Perhaps what would have pleased him best was the spontaneous tributes that came from the people of Pakistan. On the morrow of the tragedy, all of us forgot for a while the bitterness that had crept in, the estrangement and conflict of these past months and Gandhiji stood out as the beloved champion and the leader of the people of India as it was before partition cut up this living nation.

What was his great power over the mind and heart of man due to? Even we realize, that his dominating passion was truth. That truth led him to proclaim without ceasing that good ends can never be attained by evil methods, that the end itself is distorted if the method pursued is bad. That truth led him to confess publicly whenever he thought he had made a mistake-Himalayas errors he called some of his own mistakes. That truth led him to fight evil and untruth wherever he found them, regardless of the consequences. That truth made the service of the poor and the dispossessed the passion of is life, for where there is inequality and discrimination and suppression there is injustice and evil and untruth. And thus he became the beloved of all those who have suffered from social and political evils, and the great representative of humanity as it should be. Because of that truth in him wherever he sat became a temple and where he trod was hallowed ground.

(Based on your reading of the passage, answer the following questions). i (a) About whom is the passage written? 1

(b) What does Nehru make the difference about being a “Hindu” and an “Indian”? 2 (e) What great lesson did this great man show us for life? 2 (f) Mention some of the virtues of “ the great internationalist.” 2 (g) What did “truth” mean to this great man? 2

ii. Give the synonyms of the words from the passage: 3x1=3 (a) alienation (b) Inalterable (c) Destitute

7 (II) Purring and meowing, the friendly pet that rubs against your leg appears to be 100% cat. But scientist have discovered that in its genes your pet is also a little bit rat and a little bit baboon! Within its feline DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the genetic chemicals that spell out the blueprint for cat, researchers have found sequences of “foreign” genes, DNA that somehow “jumped” in from rats and baboons.

Scientists have found many other examples of ‘jumping” genes. Pigs have inherited DNA sequences that originally from rodents. Shunks in North American are born with

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DNA that came from South American squirrel monkey. Trouts carry genes somehow acquired from birds. This means that life on our planet is like a lending library in which one species can borrow bits and pieces of another’s genetic information. And when genes jump from one species to another, they can cause dramatic changes.

“Secondhand genes” may, for instance, be the trigger for uncontrolled cancer. Or a gene can fit in quietly and be passed from parent to offspring for millions of years before something- such as the arrival of still another trans-species gene-turns it on. Jumping genes may be Mother nature’s secret agents in evolution, her surprise factors in the interplay of life on earth.

When Charles Darwin published his theory of evolution in 1859, science knew nothing of genes or DNA. Darwin based his theory on appearance, or “morphology”. Did humans have the shape of monkeys? If so, they were probably related. Darwin concluded that species evolved slowly, through the accumulation of tiny changes and through the competition that “ edited out” those individuals not well adapted to their environment. But today, scientists are learning to look behind appearance by reading the actual DNA blueprints of living things, and they are updating many of Darwin’s theories. For, one evidence now shows that evolution has proceeded not so much by gradual mutation as by long periods of stability punctuated by the sudden emergence of new species. Secondhand genes could conceivably explain how this happens.

Contrary to Darwin’s theory advocates, many scientists today believe that life evolved as much through sharing and cooperation as through competition. Species “co-evolve”- the evolution of one has a profound influence on the evolution of others. An environment where each must fit in to survive is created.

Proof that life depends on inter-species sharing can be found in our own bodies. Inside the nucleus of every living cell sits the great genetic library of DNA molecules, the genes. But in the watery world surrounding its nucleus, each cell also contains other DNA, some of it found in several bean-shaped structures.

(Based on your reading of the passage, answer the following questions) i. (a) Describe the genes of your pet cat. 1

(b) What kind of genes have the pigs and shunks inherited? 2 (c) ”Life on our planet is like a lending library” explain. 2 (d) What was Darwin’s theory based on? What was his conclusion? 2 (e) How have scientists updated Darwin’s theory using DNA blueprints? 2

ii. Give the antonyms of the words from the passage: 3x1=3 (a) massive (b) superficial (c) variability

8. Read the following passage and prepare notes on the contents of the passage and summarize in about 80 words using the notes that you have made: 5+3=8

(i) Now that mammoth is extinct, the elephant is the largest of all animals living and the strongest. It is a strange- looking animal, with its thick legs, huge sides and back, large hanging ears, small tail, little eyes, long white tusks, and above all, its long nose, called the trunk. The trunk is the elephant’s peculiar feature, and it puts it to various uses. It draws up water by its trunk, and can squirt it all over its body like a shower bath; and with it, it picks leaves from the trees and puts them into its mouth. In fact, its trunk serves the elephant as a long arm and hand. Elephant look very clumsy and heavy, and yet they can move very quickly when they like.

Elephants are found in India and in Africa. The Africa elephant differs in some point from the Indian, being larger, with longer tusks and bigger ears. In fact the two are considered to be different species. In both countries, they live in herds in the jungles, and

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are naturally shy animals that keep away from men. Elephants, with their great size and strength, are fine advertisement for vegetarianism, for they live entirely on leaves of trees, grass, roots and bulbs.

The elephant is a very intelligent animal, and its intelligence combined with its great strength, makes it, when tamed, a very useful servant to man; and it has been trained to serve in various ways.

Elephants can carry heavy loads about a thousand seers each; and they are used to draw heavy wagons and big guns that would require many horses. They are very skillful, too, in piling timber. The trained elephant will kneel down, lift a heavy log of wood with its tusks, carry it to the place where it is wanted, and lay it exactly in position.

Elephants are also trained for tiger- hunting. The huntsmen sit in the howdah on the back of the elephant, which is driven and guided by the driver, called the mahout, who squats on its neck. In this way the hunters are carried through the thickest, and at such a height that they can see and fire at the tiger when it s driven out.

In old days, elephants were used in battles, and all Indian Rajas had their regiments of trained fighting elephants. And they still have their place in state processions, when they are painted with bright colours and covered with silk and velvet clothes.

In Africa elephants are hunted mainly for their tusks, which are made of ivory and are very valuable. Their skins are so thick that an ordinary bullet will not pierce them; and so large guns, called elephant-guns, are used to kill the animals.

Many elephants are caught alive to be tamed and trained. But catching elephants alive is difficult and dangerous work; for; though the elephant is a shy, wild animal when left alone, it can be dangerous enemy when attacked. Elephants are generally caught alive in great traps and enclosures, called keddahs. They are either driven into keddahs, or led into them by tame elephant, called decoys, which are trained to lead their wild brothers into captivity.

8 (ii) Read the following passage and prepare notes on the contents of the passage and summarize in about 80 words using the notes that you have made: 5+3=8 Despite all the research, every one of us catches colds, and most of us catch lots of them. This failure to control one of the commonest of all ailments sometimes seems ridiculous when medical science regularly practices spare- part surgery and has rid whole countries of such killing diseases as typhus and plague, but the problem of the common cold are usually difficult, and much has yet to be discovered .

It is known that a cold is caused by one of a number of virus infections that affect the lining of the nose and other passages leading to the lungs, but the confusing variety of viruses makes study and remedy very difficult. It was shown in 1960 that many typical colds in adults are caused by one or other of a family of viruses known as Rhinoviruses, yet there still remain many colds for which no virus has as yet been isolated.

There is also the difficulty that because they are so much smaller than the bacteria which cause other infections, viruses cannot be seen with ordinary microscopes. Nor can they be cultivated easily in the bacteriologist’s laboratory, since they only grow within the living cells of animals or plants. An important recent step forward, however, is the development of the technique of tissue cultures, in which bits of animals tissues are enabled to go on living and to multiply independently of the body. This has greatly aided virus research and has led to the discovery of large numbers of viruses, the existence of which had previously been not only unknown but often unsuspected.

The fact that we can catch colds repeatedly creates another difficulty, for virus infections- especially the more serious ones-usually only strike once and leave the victim immune to further attacks. That we do not gain immunity from colds may possibly be due

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to the fact that, while other viruses get into the blood stream where antibodies can oppose them the cold viruses only attack cells on the surface; or it may be that immunity from one of the many different viruses does not guarantee protection from all the others. It seems, therefore, that we are likely to suffer colds for some time yet.

SECTION-C (Writing) 9. (i) You want to rent out your newly constructed flat in Kohima main town. Draft an

advertisement in not more than 50 words to be published in a newspaper. 5 (ii) Read the following news items and express your opinion in not more than 100 words

on whether you agree or disagree with the ideas mentioned in it. The Compulsory Language

The recent controversy on whether English should be the common language for communication for all countrymen or Hindi has sparked much lively debate among citizens. Globally, English is considered to be the common language for people to converse with each other and with the rise of multinationals, those who can communicate in English have better chances of scoring jobs. This argument has been used by one section of the debaters who put their strength behind the use of English. On the other hand, the other segment of activists argue that with vast majority of the Indian population being rural, Hindi can serve as the common language.

(iii)You have lost your pet dog. Write a classified advertisement for the ‘Lost and Found’ column of the daily newspaper. 5

(iv) Read the following passage and express your opinion in not more than 100 words on whether you agree or disagree with the ideas mentioned in it.

Some maintain that government should have a financial limit in spending money on developing or purchasing computer technology, while others disagree and hold that this money should be used towards more basic need.

10 (i) Write an article in about 200 words on the topic ‘Educated unemployment in State’. 7 (ii) You are Jackson, a staff reporter for a National daily. Write a newspaper report on a

seminar on Modern Trends in Agriculture in about 200 words. (ii) You are Theja, the class captain. Write a speech in about 200 words on the topic,

‘Discipline shapes the future of a student’ to be delivered in the morning school assembly.

(iv) Write an article in about 200 words on the topic ‘Necessity to inculcate Civic Sense’. 11. (i) Write a letter to a distinguished author, asking him/her to a give a talk to the Literary

Association of which you are secretary. 8

(ii) Write a letter to a railway company, complaining that your furniture has been damaged in transit, and claiming damages. 8

SECTION-D (Writing) 12. (i) Rewrite the following as directed: 3x1=3

(a) I was helping mother with the cooking for almost two hour. (Past Perfect Continuous Tense)

(b) Mike _______________(learn) to drive by next month. (Future Perfect Tense) (c) My mother ______(drink) coffee every morning. (Simple Present Tense)

(ii) Rewrite the following as directed: 3x1=3 (a) Apu_______(order) the food before we reached. (Past Perfect Tense) (b) Jumbo _______________(go) to the supermarket. (Simple Future) (c) Cathy________________( wait) since morning. (Present perfect Continuous Tense)

13.(i) Use the following idioms and phrases in sentences of your own. 3x1=3 (a) Get into hot water (b) By hook or crook (c) Waste your breath

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(ii) Use the following idioms and phrases in sentences of your own. 3x1=3 (a) Work like a charm (b) Hit the nail on the head (c) Burn the midnight oil

14. (i) Fill in the blanks with correct modals: 4x1=4 (a) Had you ever imagined that man ________________be on the moon one day? (b) You _____________try to achieve a first class. (c) Asho _________________ attend the service in the evening. (d) Our country __________ become a super power by 2025. (ii) Fill in the blanks with correct modals: 4x1=4 (a) It is snowing outside so I ___________ stay at home. (b) If you don’t take your medicine on time, you________________ not be well enough

to watch the match tomorrow. (c) Kriti _________________ to pay her debts. (d) You________ not lose any more weight. You are already slim.

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ALTERNATIVE ENGLISH

Section: A (Prose) 1. a) What does science rely on according to Nehru? 1 b) What does Russell mean by ‘sense of proportion’? 2. a) What is meant by factious followers? 2 b) Who had become old friends of Franz? 3. a) Why was Nehru thankful for the drive ? 2 b) Why does Russell say even the best technicians should be good citizens? 4. a) How does one determine if a follower is trustworthy ? 3 b) ‘Will they make them sing in German, even the pigeons?’ Why did Franz say this? 3 5. a) In your own words, write about the quest of man as described by Nehru. 3 b) What is the ideal approach to imparting wisdom in education? 3 6. a) Why do you think Nehru was writing letters to his young daughter Indira ? 4 b) What according to Russell, is the essence of wisdom? How can it be acquired? 4 7. a) How can a potential benefit become a threat ? Explain in the context of wisdom and knowledge. 5 b) Explain the concept of linguistic chauvinism on the basis of your reading of the story ‘The Last Lesson’. 5

c) ‘Sadly he has not always known how to use this new power, and he has often misused it. Science itself has been used by him chiefly to supply him with terrible weapons to kill his brother and destroy the very civilisation that he has built up with so much labour.’ 5

i) What is referred to as the new power? 1 ii) What has helped man to make terrible weapons and for what? 2 iii) Man has destroyed the very civilisation he has built with so much labour.

Do you agree? Why? 2 d) ‘There is little friendship in the world and least of all between equals...’ i) Is it possible to have friendship between equals? 1 ii) What does the author mean by this line? 2 iii) What kinds of friendship exist in the world? 2

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Section: B (Poetry) 8. a) What does Donne mean by ‘ why swell’st thou then’ ? 2 b) What does ‘break of day’ signify in the poem ‘Indian Weavers’? 9. a) Explain how Shakespeare has brought out the similarities between the first and the last stage of man’s life . 4 b) Give the character sketch of the Duke based on the poem ‘My Last Duchess ‘. 10. Critically analyse the lines given below. 4 a) Weavers, weaving solemn and still, What do you weave in the moonlight chill?... White as a feather and white as a cloud, We weave a dead man’s funeral shroud. b) From rest and sleep, which but thy pictures be, Much pleasure, then from thee, much more must flow, And soonest our best men with thee do go, Rest of their bones, and soul’s delivery. 11. a) How does the poet use the work of the Indian weavers to explain the cycle of life and death ? 5

b) Do you think John Donne is worried at the thought of his mortality? Elucidate your answer with lines quoted from the text.

c) Explain the significance of the line ‘I gave commands; then all smiles stopped together.’

d) Do you agree with Shakespeare that man passes through seven stages? Explain. Section: C (Drama)

12. a) Who among the character undergoes a change in behaviour ? 2 b) Why does Uncle James say that morning is not the time to make oneself comfortable? 13. a) What does the play ‘The Boy Comes Home .’ reveal about the contemporary society? 3 b) What role dies Aunt Emily play for the characters in the drama? 14. a) Philip had served in the army for four years . What changes do you see after he

returned home? 5 b) Give the character sketch of Uncle James. c) In the play ‘The Boy Comes Home ‘who did you sympathise more with – Uncle

James or Philip? Why? d) What role does the older people in society play and how do the younger people react

to it? Section: D (Fiction)

15. a) What does Joe Gargery do for a living ? 1 b) What did the convict demanded from Pip? 16. a) How does Pip repay his benefactor ? 2 b) Did Estella undergo any change at the end of the story? 17. a) What does Pip learn from Joe and Biddy ? 3 b) Why was Pip taken to Miss Havisham? What did Pip tell Mrs Joe and Uncle

Pumblechook about his visit? 18. a) Describe Pip’s encounter with the convict in the marshes ? 4 b) Why does Pip treat Joe so snobbishly? 19. a) Critically examine the view that ‘Great Expectations ‘portrays vividly the moral

world of Good versus Evil. 5 b) Explain any two events that changed Pip’s life. c) Describe the character of Pip.

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d) Explain with suitable example on the theme ‘Greed for Money ‘in the novel Great Expectations.

Section: E (Grammar) 20. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions. (4x 1 = 4) a) Meren has to submit the report _____ the end of the week. b) Danny works ____great sincerity. c) Mother divided the sweets ____her two sons. d) I went to my teacher ____guidance. e) She did the embroidery ___hand.

f) Alia has been absent ____last Friday. g) The old woman sat ___the tree. h) Read the label ____the medicine bottle.

21. Insert correct conjunctions. (3x1=3) a) John didn’t go to school ___he was unwell. b) Please sit with the customer ____I return. c) I would buy a palace ____I could afford it. d) My mother is well ___ my brother is ill. e) We preferred to come back walking rather____ wait for the bus. f) I was surprised _____they brought the bill.

22. Correct the following sentences and rewrite them (3x1=3) a) There is not any slope in this field. b) He speaks his mother tongue with some hesitancy. c) The baby was weighing three pounds at birth. d) I am afraid the doctor is very busy in this moment. e) Can you show this place to me? f) Your uncle don’t look his age.

Section : F ( Writing ) 23. Write an essay on any one in about 250-300 words: 10

a) Sports keep the body fit. b) Protection of environment, need of the hour. c) Value of discipline in life d) Organic food for a healthy life.

Section-G (Reading) 24. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: I) Autosuggestion is the art of turning one’s failures into successes by using the power of

one’s imagination. You are what you think you are. You become what you constantly imagine yourself becoming. By suggesting to yourself, again and again that you will be successful or strong or beautiful or healthy, you can soon change your defeats into victories, your weakness into strength, your plainness into beauty and your illness into health.

Your imagination controls your body and your will power. If you control your imagination by always holding pictures of success and happiness in your mind, you can be a master of your body, your will-power and your circumstances.

Your imagination can help you in achieving self mastery, but your will power cannot. Have you ever tried walking on a railway line? You are able to balance your body on a seven centimetre wide iron girder, without any fear of falling .Now imagine that the railway line runs across a river like a bridge. Imagine that it is hanging in the air, fastened at both ends to all towers. Can you now walk across it? No, you cannot, even though you apply your will-power as forcefully as you wish to. Neither your body nor your will- power can help you here .Why? It is because your imagination brings to your mind the

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horrible scenes of your falling down into the river, your drowning, death and perhaps even funeral. You dare not step on the line because of the fears imagined by your mind your powerful imagination cripples both your body and our will-power.

It is obvious that the fears in your imagination thwart the working of your will-power. The way to success and happiness, therefore lies in your turning out fears from your imagination. Banish horrible pictures from your mind fill your imagination with images of success and prosperity. In other words, control your imagination through auto suggestion and you will be able to control your body, your will-power and your circumstances.

A man who starts off in life with the idea, “I shall succeed”, always does succeed. He succeeds because he uses the powers of imagination necessary to bring about success .But if there is a man who always doubts himself or imagines failing, he will never succeed in anything although he may have good opportunities all around him.

You must therefore, practice autosuggestion. Pack your imagination with happy pictures and confident thoughts. Tell yourself at all hours of the day, ‘Everyday, in every way I am getting better and better ‘as soon as you are thus able to control your imagination through autosuggestion, you will attain self – mastery and achieve wonderful results in all spheres of life.

Answer the following question: a) i) What is autosuggestion ? 1 ii) Can your will- power help you achieve self - mastery? Why? iii) What is the way to success and happiness in life? 2 iv) How can one practice autosuggestion? 2 b ) Find the synonyms from the passage: (3x1=3) i) Hinder ii) Not very beautiful iii) Drive out II. I wish to declare with all earnestness that I do not want any religious ceremonies

performed for me after my death. I do not believe in any such ceremonies and to submit to them, even as a matter of form would be hypocrisy and an attempt to delude ourselves and others.

When I die, I should like my body to be cremated. If I die in a foreign country, my body should be cremated there and my ashes sent to Allahabad. A small handful of these ashes should be thrown into the Ganga and the major portion of them disposed of in the manner indicated below. No part of these ashes should be retained or preserved.

My desire to have a handful of my ashes thrown into the Ganga at Allahabad has no religious significance, so far as I am concerned . I have no religious sentiment in the matter. I have been attached to the Ganga and the Yamuna rivers in Allahabad ever since my childhood and, as I have grown older, this attachment has also grown. I have watched their varying moods as the seasons changed, and have often thought of the history and myth and tradition and song and story that have become attached to them through the long ages and have become part of their flowing waters.

The Ganga especially, is the river of India, beloved of her people, round which are intertwined her racial memories, her hopes and fears, her songs of triumph, her victories and her defeats . She has been a symbol of India’s age-long culture and civilisation, ever-changing, ever-flowing , and yet ever the same Ganga . She reminds me of the snow – covered peaks and the deep valleys of the Himalayas, which I have loved so much, and of the rich and vast plains below , where my life and work have been cast. Smiling and dancing in the morning sunlight, and dark and gloomy and full of mystery as the evening shadows fall , a narrow , slow and graceful stream in winter , and a vast roaring thing

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during the monsoon , broad-bosomed almost as the sea, and with something of the sea’s power to destroy , the Ganga has been to me a symbol and a memory of the past of India , running into the present , and flowing on to the great ocean of the future . And though I have discarded much of the past tradition and custom , and am anxious that India should rid herself of all shackles that bind and constrain her and divide her people , and suppress vast numbers of them , and prevent the free development of the body and the spirit , though I seek all this , yet I do not wish to cut myself off from the past completely . I am proud of that great inheritance that has been, and is , ours, and I am conscious that ,I too,like all of us ,am a link in that unbroken chain which goes back to the dawn of history in the immemorial past of India . That chain I would not break , for I treasure it and seek inspiration from it .And as witness of this desire of mine and as my last homage to India’s cultural inheritance , I am making this request that a handful of my ashes be thrown into the Ganga at Allahabad to be carried to the great ocean that washes India’s shore.

The major portions of my ashes should, however , be disposed of otherwise . I want these to be carried high up into the air in an aeroplane and scattered from that height over the field s where the peasants of India toil, so that they might mingle with the dust and soil of India and become an indistinguishable part of India . - Jawaharlal Nehru

Answer the following questions: a) i) Why does Nehru not want any religious ceremonies performed for him, after his death ? 1 ii) What is Ganga a symbol of according to the author ) 2 iii) What does Nehru say about India’s cultural inheritance ? 2 iv) How does Nehru want the major portion of his ashes to be disposed of ? 2 b) Find the synonyms from he passage . ( 3x1=3) i) Seriousness ii) Deceive iii) Given up

HISTORY

A. QUESTIONS OF 1 MARK 1. Name the most remarkable building excavated at Harappa. 2. Who is the father of Indian archaeology? 3. What is Epigraphy? 4. Write the meaning of Pujadassi. 5. What is Kula? 6. Name the author of Mahabharata. 7. Write the name of the oldest and most important part of Vedic literature. 8. What is a Stupa? 9. Who started the Land Settlement in Bengal? 10. When did Nadir Shah invade India? 11. Who were Alvars? 12. Who founded Vijayanagara Empire? 13. Name the Persian envoy who visited Vijayanagara during 1542-44. 14. When did Ibn Battuta visit India?

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15. When was the Regulating Act passed? 16. What was the cause of Deccan Riot of 1875? 17. Which railway lines were built by the British to link Simla with the plains. 18. Whom did Gandhi consider his political guru? 19. When did the Muslim League pass the Pakistan Resolution? 20. Who was the Chairman of the Indian Constitution Drafting Committee? B. QUESTIONS OF 2 MARKS

21. Write a note on the weigh and measures of the Indus valley people. 22. Why is Indus Valley Civilisation called the Harappan Civilisation? 23. What is the significance of 6th century BC in the history of early India? 24. Write any two rules of Gotra. 25. Who are Ajivikas? 26. What are Khalsa and Jagir lands? 27. According to Abul Fazl, which four essences of his subjects the Mughal Emperor had to protect? 28. What did English merchant Fitch write about Agra and Fatehpur Sikri? 29. Who was Domingo Paes? When did he visit India? 1+1=2 30. What is meant by land settlement? 31. Who laid the foundation of Madras and when? 1+1=2 32. What is Day of Deliverance? C. QUESTIONS OF 4 MARKS

33. Write a note on the extent of Harappan Civilisation. 34. Write a note on Ashoka’s concept of Dhamma. 35. Examine briefly the role played by Zamindars in Mughal India. 36. Describe the Jagirdari system of the Mughals. 37. Explain the expansion and consolidation policies of Krishnadeva Raya. 38. Give the outline about the salient features of Vijayanagara architecture. 39. Mention any four teachings of Kabir. 40. Explain how the concerns of defence and health gave shaped to Calcutta. 41. Mention any four political ideologies of Gandhiji. 42. Describe the role of B R Ambedkar in framing of the constitution of India. D. QUESTIONS OF 6 MARKS 43. “There is no aspect of life culture and activities of the Indian that is not reflected in inscriptions”. Discuss 44. Mention six arguments in favour of the authenticity of the Mahabharata. 45. Provide a critical estimate of Akbar’s land settlement and agrarian structure. 46. Describe the history of famine that occurred in India during the Mughal period. What

measures were adopted by the Mughal Government to ameliorate the condition of the peasants? 4+2=6

47. Describe the features of the temples built by Vijayanagara rulers. 48. Examine the ideas and practices of Sufism on Indian society. 49. Why was the Revolt of 1857 particularly widespread in Awadh? 50. Describe the main events of the uprising of 1857 at Lucknow. 51. Why was India partitioned in 1947? 52. Why did the British leave India? E. QUESTIONS OF 8 MARKS

53. Describe how the inscription opens the door of history. 54. Discuss the controversy about the dating of Mahabharata. 55. Describe the various activities at the court of Akbar. 56. Critically examine the history of intrigues and conflicts in the Mughal court.

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57. Explain the salient features of Sufi Movement. 58. Who was Ibn Battuta? Briefly describe what he wrote about the condition of India. 1+7=8 59. Explain the various causes of poverty and rural indebtedness of the peasants in India

during the colonial period. 60. Why did Mahatma Gandhi start Civil Disobedience Movement? Briefly describe

Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March or Salt Satyagraha. 1+7=8

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POLITICAL SCIENCE

1. MCQ (1 Mark) i) The First Backward Classes Commission was appointed in 1953 under the Chairmanship of (a) Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar (b) Kaka Saheb Kalekar (c) Jaya Prakash Narayan (d) B.P Mandal ii) Which of the following years saw the collapse of the Soviet Union? (a) 1988 (b) 1989 (c) 1990 (d) 1991 iii) The UN Security Council consists of how many permanent members? (a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 10 (d) 15 iv) What is the full form of SARS? (a) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (b) Severe Acute Respiratory Symptom

(c) Serious Acute Respiratory Syndrome (d) Severe Acute Reproductive Syndrome

v) Globalisation did affect the state sovereignty. What type of consequence is this? (a) Economic (b) Political

(c) Cultural (d) Social vi) The incident of 9/11 is associated with

(a) Operation Desert Storm (b) Gulf War (c) Attack on World Trade Centre (d) Operation Iraqi Freedom

vii) European Union’s currency is known as (a) Pound (b) Dollar (c) Yen (d) Euro viii) At the time of Cuban Crisis, the US President was (a) Dwight Eisenhover (b) John F. Kennedy

(c) Richard Nixon (d) Truman ix) Which of the following was not a military alliance? (a) NATO (b) SEATO (c) Chemical Weapons Convention (d) Warsaw Pact x) The first state formed purely on linguistic basis. (a) Gujarat (b) Maharashtra (c) Punjab (d) Andhra Pradesh 2. VSA (1 Mark)

i) Give the expanded form of NITI Aayog. ii) Who headed the first Backward Classes Commission?

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iii) What was the purpose of forming NATO? iv) State the ‘reformist and liberal policy’ announced by Deng Xiaoping. v) Who is the present Secretary General of the United Nations? vi) Who was popularly known as Frontier Gandhi? vii) Name the two political parties that existed in England during the reign of King

Charles II. viii) Which Indian state in 1957 became the first democratically elected Communist

government in the world? ix) What is committed judiciary? x) Mention any two trade unions that exist as pressure groups.

3. SA -1 (2 Marks) i) Write any two considerations for bringing princely states within the Indian Union. ii) Mention any two issues about which a consensus seemed to have emerged among

the major political parties in India. iii) Write any two main consequences of Sino-Indian War of 1962. iv) What is meant by Cold War? v) Write any two arguments against the relevance of Non-Aligned movement. vi) What is protectionism? vii) Differentiate between ‘displaced persons’ and ‘refugees’. viii) State any two recommendations of the Mandal Commission. ix) Write any two reasons why countries must interact with each other. x) Mention any two results of the New Economic Policy of China. xi) What is South Asia? xii) Mention any two circumstances that led to globalisation. xiii) Write any two indicators the Mandal Commission used to identify educational

backwardness. 4. SA -2 (4 Marks)

i) Describe briefly the accession of Jammu and Kashmir to the Indian Union. ii) Discuss the methods of voting adopted in the first two general elections in India. iii) Describe briefly the Bihar Movement. iv) Mention any two reasons each as to why India refused to sign the

Non-Proliferation Treaty and Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. (2+2=4) v) Mention any two grounds each on which the Leftists and the Rightists

opposed globalisation in India. (2+2=4) vi) Examine any two evidences in support of US dominance as structural power. vii) Mention any four consequences of the Gulf War. viii) State the objectives of the European Union. ix) Briefly explain the following international NGOs:

a) Amnesty International b) Human Rights Watch

x) What is UNCTAD? Write any three changes proposed in the international trade system by UNCTAD. (1+3=4)

5. LA-1 (6 Marks) i) Name the oldest political party in India. Examine any five roles and ii) functions of a political party. (1+5=6) iii) Explain any six roles and functions of NITI Aayog. iv) Examine six main causes responsible for the disintegration of Soviet Union. v) Explain the three dimensions of US hegemony or dominance in world politics. vi) Examine the increasing role of regional parties in national politics during the

last 30 years.

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vii) Explain any three causes of the origin of Cold War. viii) Explain the six principal organs of the United Nations. ix) Examine any three new threats to security. x) Discuss the three challenges which India faced as an independent nation. xi) Discuss the land reform measures initiated in the country.

6. LA-2 (8 Marks) i) What is pressure group? Explain four differences between pressure

group and political party. (2+6=8) ii) Discuss the role of SAARC in bringing about cooperation among member nations. iii) Examine four roles of opposition party in India. iv) Explain the causes that led to the proclamation of National Emergency on 25th June,

1975. v) Analyse the efforts made by China to become world’s biggest economic power, next

only to USA. vi) Examine the factors responsible for the dominance of Congress party in the first three

general elections. vii) What is coalition government? Briefly explain seven features of coalition politics.

(1+7=8) viii) Briefly explain eight principles of Nehru’s foreign policy. ix) Examine the two major conflicts that took place during the Cold War era. x) How democratic and accountable are the new international economic organisations

in global governance? Examine any two from the following: (4+4=8) a) International monetary Fund b) World Bank c) World trade Organisation

EDUCATION A. Multiple type questions (1 mark each) 1. The wider meaning of education includes:

a) Education is lifelong process b) All experience is said to be educative c) Learning is continuous process d) All the above

2. Which of these is not an aspect of development? a) Physical development b) Spiritual development c) Cultural development d) Personality development

3. Pre-natal period stretches from: a) Birth to 2 years. b) Birth to death. c) Conception to death. d) Conception to birth.

4. One of the most important features of all living beings is: a) Change b) Grow c) Development d) Movement

5. Which of these is not a social heredity? a) It affects more than a single generation b) Siblings resemble in many characteristics c) Sum total of past achievements d) One is not born with social heredity

6. The best vision area in the normal eye is: a) Retina b) Yellow spot c) Choroid d) Optic nerve

7. Who defined, “Mental health is the full and harmonious functioning of the whole personality”? a) Hadfield b) W.H.O. c) C G Moris d) Carter V Good

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8. Which is not a factor of habit formation? a) Reminder b) Routine c) Revision d) Reward

9. Who proposed the Two Factor theory of intelligence? a) E L Thorndike b) Charles Spearman c) Gardner d) Alfred Binet

10. The word ‘ persona’ is derived from : a) Greek b) German c) Latin d) Sanskrit

B. Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark Each) 1. Give the derivative meaning of the term ‘Psychology’. 2. What is maturation? 3. What is health? 4. Define attention. 5. How can we eliminate bad habits? 6. List the different stages of memory. 7. What is habit? 8. What is intelligence? 9. Who is associated with Introvert, Extrovert and Ambivert types of personality? 10. What is psychological test? C. Short Answer Questions (2Marks each) 1. State any two relationships between growth and development. 2. Explain the nature of heredity. 3. What is the role of Eustachian tube in the ear? 4. What is meant by maladjustment? Mention any two signs of maladjustment. 5. State two objectives of mental hygiene. 6. Briefly discuss ‘law of effect’. 7. What is Repression Theory? 8. Write two bad habits that impact your health. 9. What is group test? 10. What kind of children falls under ‘Delicate Children’ category? 11. Find the mean of the following data:

9, 11, 12, 4, 4, 7, 8, 13. 12. Write two merits of Mode. D. Short Answer Questions II. (4marks each) 1. Write any four elements of sensation. 2. Draw a neat labeled diagram of neuron and mention its branches. 3. Briefly discuss the aspects of lifestyle which ensure good health. 4. Explain the types of interest. 5. Briefly explain the four main factors of memory. 6. Write four suggestions found fruitful for breaking bad habits. 7. Explain four characteristics of habit. 8. Distinguish between Introverts and Extroverts type of personality. 9. How can education be imparted to emotionally and socially handicapped children? 10. Mention four characteristics of a ‘Good Average’ in Statistics. E. Long Answer Questions I (6marks each) 1. What is growth? Mention five characteristics of growth. 2. What is development? Discuss the relationship between growth and development. 3. Explain the law of heredity. 4. Discuss the factors affecting attention. 5. Define interest. Mention five nature and characteristics of interest. 6. What is Operant Conditioning? Discuss the mechanism of Operant Conditioning. 7. Discuss the SQ4R techniques of memory.

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8. Describe six types of intelligence. 9. Discuss the uses of intelligence tests. 10. Write a note on the factors affecting personality. 11. What is personality? Discuss the nature/characteristics of personality. 12. Discuss six areas of individual differences. F. Long Answer Questions II (8Marks Each) 1. Explain the branches of psychology. 2. What is educational psychology? Discuss the relationship between Education and

Psychology. 3. What is Infancy? Discuss the emotional and intellectual development of infancy. 4. Give the derivative meaning of the word adolescent and discuss its educational

implications. 5. Discuss the controversy between heredity and environment. 6. What is heredity? Write the educational implications of heredity and environment. 7. Discuss the features of learning. 8. What is learning? Explain the methods of learning. 9. Define memory. Explain the types of memory. 10. Mention two kinds of forgetting. Discuss the factors influencing forgetting.

PSYCHOLOGY

1. VSA (1 Mark)

i) What is mental age? ii) Mention any one example of performance test in intelligence. iii) Who proposed the Triarchic Theory of intelligence? iv) What is personality? v) Define self regulation. vi) What are neurons? vii) Mention the two divisions of the autonomous nervous system. viii) What is the weight of the brain of an adult? ix) How does information enter the long term memory? x) Which structure is known as the vital centre of the brain? xi) State any two factors that facilitate positive health. xii) What is social influence? xiii) Write any two communication skills? xiv) What is frequency polygon? xv) What is meant by psychotherapy? xvi) State any two causes of gender discrimination. xvii) What is the first step in Rational Emotive Therapy? xviii) What is peripheral nervous system? xix) What are traits? xx) What is a social problem? xxi) Define group. xxii) Mention any two techniques to gain compliance.

2. SA -1 (2 Marks) i) Calculate the IQ of a 14 year old child whose mental age is 16. ii) What is encoding and storage of memory?

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iii) What are the four D’s in psychological disorder? iv) Mention any two ethics in psychotherapy. v) What is cognitive behaviour therapy? vi) Mention any four social problems. vii) Write two differences between mean and median. viii) What is procedural memory? ix) What are hassles? x) Distinguish between verbal and non-verbal communication. xi) Write any two ways on how intelligence tests can be used for diagnostic

purposes. xii) Mention any four defence mechanisms. xiii) What are stressors? Give any two examples. (1+1=2)

3. SA-2 (4 Marks) i) Explain any two functions of Pons and Cerebellum. ii) Explain Rational Emotive Therapy. iii) Describe any four mode of communication process. iv) State any four qualities of leadership. v) Explain stress resistant personality. vi) Describe the Thematic Apperception Test. vii) Explain any two stress management techniques. viii) Explain any two endocrine glands. ix) Describe any two mood disorders. x) Explain any two life skills that can help meet life challenges.

4. LA-1 (6 Marks) i) Discuss group factor theory of intelligence. ii) Discuss the two major cognitive therapies. iii) Discuss Allport’s trait theory of personality. iv) Explain the three coping strategies given by Endler and Parker. v) Describe the adrenal gland. vi) Discuss two techniques used in biomedical therapy. vii) Explain the three major causes of poverty and social disadvantages. viii) Discuss the influence of social loafing on individual behaviour. ix) Explain three causes of psychological stress. x) Explain the factors that determine whether people will cooperate or compete. xi) Explain any three types of intelligence tests. xii) Explain any three types of groups. xiii) Discuss any four impacts of media on human life. xiv) What is behavioural therapy? Explain any two behavioural techniques. xv) With the help of a diagram explain the structure of a brain.

5. LA-2 (8 Marks) i) Explain the Monarchic theory and Spearman’s two factor theory of intelligence. ii) Discuss two projective measures of personality assessment. iii) What is intelligence? Briefly explain any six uses of intelligence tests. (2+6=8) iv) What is memory? Discuss the level of processing of information according

to the stage model. (2+6=8) v) Discuss any for stages of personality development according to Freud. vi) Discuss the symptoms of schizophrenia. vii) Explain how knowledge is represented and organised in long term memory. viii) Discuss the steps in the treatment of psychodynamic therapy.

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ix) The table given below shows the marks scored by 50 students in their mid-term Psychology examination.

Marks scored No of students 20 - 29 3 30 - 39 9 40 – 49 12 50 – 59 10 60 – 69 9 70 – 79 5 80 – 89 2 N=50

From the frequency distribution: (5+3=8) a) Calculate the median b) Construct a histogram

x) From the following given data, calculate (4+4=8) a) Mean b) Mode

Marks No of students 10 - 20 4 20 - 30 5 30 – 40 4 40 – 50 4 50 – 60 3 60 – 70 4 70 – 80 16 80 – 90 13 90 – 100 11 100 - 110 16

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SOCIOLOGY A. Multiple type questions. (1 mark each) 1. How many languages are included in the Eighth Schedule at present?

a) 14 b) 22 c) 15 d) 20 2. Who used the word ‘Demography’ for the first time?

a) Karl Marx b) Guillard c) Yogendra Singh d) Ghurye 3. Affinity is a relationship based on :

a) Marriage b) Blood c) Friendship d) Love 4. The legal term for ‘untouchables’ is:

a) Schedule Caste b) Dalit c) Harijan d) Schedule Tribe 5. What is the traditional religion of the Nagas?

a) Christianity b) Animism c) Hinduism d) Sikhism 6. What does the abbreviation CNG stand for? a) Common Natural Gas b) Compressed Natural Gas c) Certified Natural Gas. d) Century Natural Gas

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7. Intensive Agricultural District Programme is popularly known as: a) Package Programme b) Productive Programme c) Productivity Programme d) Particular Programme 8. ________ is the oldest existing newspaper in India.

a) Times of India b) Bombay Samachar c) Morung Express d) Nagaland Post

9. The oldest and on-going tribal movement in India is: a) Tebhaga Movement b) Naga Movement c) Jharkhand Movement d) Champaran Movement

10. Who wrote the book ‘Caste and Race in India’? a) R.K. Mukherjee b) G.S. Ghurye c) Yogendra Singh d) Karl Marx

B. Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark Each) 1. In which year was the State of Telengana created? 2. How is literacy rate calculated in India? 3. What is marriage known among the Muslim? 4. Give the full form of PTG. 5. Who took up the Mission work in Kohima during the initial growth of Christianity in

Nagaland? 6. Who wrote the book ‘Modernisation of Indian Tradition’? 7. When was Panchayati Raj introduced in India? 8. When was Terrestrial television introduced in India? 9. What does the term ‘Harijan’ used by Gandiji mean? 10. What is the most important of Cast according to G. S Ghurye? C. Short Answer Questions (2Marks each) 1. What is Casteism? 2. Give any four reasons for the high birth rate in India. 3. Distinguish between long term and short term migration. 4. Differentiate between hypergamy and hypogamy. 5. What is Nikahnama? 6. Write about Annezure-I and Annexure-II of OBCs. 7. Point out the basic difference between jhum cultivation and terrace cultivation. 8. Who is a dominant caste in Indian society? 9. Give the meaning of land reforms as understood from the narrow and broad sense. 10. What does CBFC and UNI stand for? 11. Define social movement. 12. What are the issues of women’s movement in India? D. Short Answer Questions II (4marks each. 1. Explain the cultural factors of unity in India. 2. Write any four features of rural community. 3. Discuss the North Indian and South Indian kinship system in India. 4. Mention any four problems of the Schedule Caste. 5. Give an account of the emergence of Nagaland as a State. 6. Write about the two phases of modernisation in India. 7. Mention any four advantages of globalisation. 8. Mention four advantages of mass media. 9. Explain any four types of social movement. 10. What are the various gradation of values at different levels of social integration? E. Long Answer Questions I (6marks each) 1. What is communalism? How is it a challenge to national integration? 2. Explain the religious factors of unity in India.

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3. Explain the features of rural-urban divides and linkages in India. 4. Discuss any six different forms of marriage among the Hindus. 5. State any six Constitutional provisions for the religious minorities in India. 6. Explain the process of shifting cultivation. 7. Explain the Naga Morung as a traditional educational institution. 8. What is industrialisation? Briefly explain the social consequences of industrialisation

in India. 9. Explain briefly the consequences of land reforms. 10. What is liberalisation? Explain. 11. Highlight the changes that have taken place in culture in the context of globalisation. 12. Explain the structural features of caste given by Ghurye. F. Long Answer Questions II (8Marks Each) 1. Instead of disappearing in the wake of modernism, caste has become still stronger.

Discuss. 2. Discuss the different ways of acquiring mates among the tribal communities. 3. Explain the structural and functional changes in the joint family. 4. State the Constitutional provisions for the Schedule Tribes in India. 5. Discuss about the traditional religion of the Nagas. 6. Explain the process of sanskritisation. 7. What is secularisation? Discuss the three aspects of life affected by secularisation. 8. What is meant by Green Revolution? Discuss the socio-economic consequences of Green

Revolution. 9. What is Panchayati Raj? Discuss the structure of the Panchayati Raj. 10. How does Yogendra Singh analyse the modernisation of Indian tradition? What is his

general conclusion about modernisation in India?

ECONOMICS

Very Short Answer (1 mark) questions: 1. Define investment. 2. What is circular flow of income? 3. What is National Disposable Income? 4. What is net export? 5. What is break-even point? 6. What is investment multiplier? 7. Define money. 8. Define a central bank. 9. What is repo rate? 10. What is escheat? 11. What is occupational structure? 12. Name two goods exported by India. 13. When was the New Economic Policy introduced? 14. Define poverty. 15. Give the full form of NAFED. 16. How does human capital formation occur? 17. What is employment? 18. Give the meaning of environment. 19. When was Planning Commission set up?

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20. What is economic development? 21. What is foreign investment?

Short Answer - I (2 marks) questions: 1. How are the producer goods different from capital goods? 2. State the two principles of circular flow of income. 3. Distinguish between real GDP and nominal GDP. 4. What is personal disposable income? Give its symbolic equation. (1+1= 2) 5. State the relationship between income and saving. 6. Distinguish between voluntary unemployment and involuntary unemployment. 7. State any four problems of barter exchange. 8. When was RBI established and when it was nationalised? (1+1= 2) 9. What is monetary policy? Who formulates the monetary policy? (1+1= 2) 10. Distinguish between surplus budget and deficit budget. 11. State any two limitations of using Human Development Index. 12. State any four importance of agriculture in the Indian economy. 13. State any two measures adopted under globalization. 14. Distinguish between relative poverty and absolute poverty. 15. Write a note on organic farming. 16. What are the factors contributing better human capital and economic development? 17. What are the two categories of workers?) 18. State the four dimensions of sustainable development. 19. What is comprehensive development? 20. Distinguish between economic growth and economic development. 21. What is poverty? What does the poverty line indicate?

Short Answer - II (4 marks) questions: 1. State any four importance of macroeconomics. 2. Distinguish between real flows and money flows. Give examples. 3. What is domestic territory? State any three cases which fall under this category. (1+3=4) 4. Explain briefly the steps involved while measuring national income by expenditure

method. 5. What is Average Propensity to Consume? State any three features of APC. (1+3=4) 6. Give the four assumptions on which Keynesian theory is based. 7. Explain the advantages of money as medium of exchange and money as a store

of value. (2+2= 4) 8. Distinguish between central bank and commercial bank. 9. Explain the qualitative measures of contractionary monetary policy. 10. Distinguish between direct tax and indirect tax. Give two examples each. 11. Explain briefly any four reasons for low agricultural productivity during the British rule. 12. Explain any four problems of India's Foreign Trade. 13. State any four measures adopted under liberalization. 14. State any four assessments of Poverty Alleviation Programmes (PAPs).) 15. Explain the role of cooperative societies in Rural Credit Market. 16. Who provides education and health facilities in India? 17. Explain any two types of unemployment in India. 18. Write a short note on global warming. 19. Explain any two causes of slow growth rate during Economic Planning. 20. explain the condition of inflation between india and china.

Long Answer - I (6 marks) questions: 1. Explain how income flows and product flows are equal with the help of a diagram. 2. Explain the components or sources of NFIA.

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3. State the precautions required to be taken while measuring national income through income method.

4. Explain any three components of Aggregate Demand. 5. Explain how under-employment equilibrium is achieved with the help of a diagram. 6. Explain any three functions of money. 7. Explain any three functions of a central bank. 8. Explain the expansionary fiscal policy tools 9. Explain any four implication of fiscal deficit. 10. Explain any three merits and three demerits of globalization. 11. Explain any three measures taken by the government to reduce poverty in India. 12. Explain any four significance of rural development. 13. Explain any three sources of Human Capital Formation. 14. Explain the nature of employment in India. 15. Explain any three non-conventional sources of energy. 16. Explain any six objectives of Economic Planning. 17. Explain any four differences between economic growth and economic development. 18. Make a comparative study of employment growth/occupational structure between India

and China. Long Answer - II (8 marks) questions: 1. Explain the limitations of GDP(GNP) as a correct index of welfare. 2. Explain the precautions required to be taken while measuring national income through

product/value added method. 3. Explain the components of Aggregate Demand. 4. Explain the working of investment multiplier. 5. Explain the functions of money. 6. Explain any four functions of a central bank. 7. Explain the tools for contractionary and expansionary fiscal policy. 8. What is fiscal deficit? Explain its implications. (2 + 6 = 8) 9. Explain any four merits and four demerits of privatization. 10. Explain any four measures taken by government to reduce poverty in India. 11. Explain the steps taken by the government for improvement in the market system. 12. Explain the growth of education sector in India. 13. Explain how the public sector has been leading to 'informalisation of employment' since

2000. 14. Explain the dimensions of sustainable development. 15. Explain the drawbacks of Economic Planning. 16. Explain any four differences between economic growth and economic development 17. Make a comparative study of per capita income based on PPP between India and China.

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GEOGRAPHY

SECTION- A

VSA (1 mark) 1. Who wrote the book ‘Anthropogeographie’? 2. What is Environmental Determinism? 3. What is a million city? 4. Which country ranks the highest in Human Development Index (HDI)?

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5. Give an example of Pull factor. 6. Define Literacy rate.

SA I (2 marks) 1. What is trade? 2. Name any two countries which are a part of OPEC. 3. Name the world’s longest railway line and the two places it joins 4. What is humanization of nature? 5. What is meant by literary rate? 6. What is Human Development Index (HDI)? 7. What is viticulture? 8. Define primary activities. Give an example. 9. What are technopoles? 10. What are Quinary activities? Give an example. 11. What is medical tourism? Name one country practicing medical tourism. 12. Name the two major inland waterways of North America.

SA II (3 marks) 1. What are the three components of population change? Explain in brief each component. 2. Differentiate between urban and rural population. 3. Give the three distinct regions where pastoral nomadism is associated. 4. Write any three characteristic features of dairy farming. 5. State any three advantages of industrial estates or technology parks on the edge of

towns and cities over inner city locations. 6. What is digital divide? 7. Distinguish between rural and urban marketing centres. 8. Differentiate mass communication from personal communication with an example each. 9. Write any three advantages of roads. 10. Differentiate between positive and negative balance of trade. 11. Write the full form of WTO. What does it regulate? 12. What is mass media? Explain in brief any two forms of telecommunications.

LA (5 marks) 1. What is a regional bloc? Explain briefly any one bloc. 2. Write any five chief characteristic of air transport. 3. Write briefly any five characteristics of Australian transcontinental railways and the

Orient Express. 4. State any five salient features of Commercial livestock farming. 5. Mention any five main features of large scale industry. 6. What is shifting agriculture? Specify the areas of shifting agriculture.

SECTION- B

VSA (1 mark) 1. What is the unit of measuring noise pollution? 2. Name a disease cause by water pollution. 3. Which port is known as the ‘Queen of the Arabian sea’? 4. Name the longest National Highway of India. 5. What is the source of Indira Gandhi canal? 6. Name the largest trading partner of India from Anglo American countries.

SA I (2 marks) 1. Name two northeastern states where tertiary coal is found. 2. Write any two consequences of over exploitation of groundwater. 3. What are cantonment towns? Give an example.

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4. Name two Hydroelectric plants in Nagaland. 5. What is Urban agglomeration? 6. Name two crops grown in the Rabi season. 7. Define pollution. 8. What is meant by conservation of resources? 9. Mention any two characteristics of rural settlement. 10. State any two indicators of Human Development. 11. Define minerals. Name its types. 12. What are slums?

SA II (3 marks) 1. What are non-conventional sources of energy? Give examples. 2. Write three steps necessary for conservation of water. 3. Distinguish between rainfed and wetland farming. 4. Distinguish between Census and Statutory towns 5. Classify resources on the basis of renewability. 6. Write any three geographical conditions for rice cultivation in India 7. Write any three factors influencing the development of hydroelectric power in India. 8. ‘Mumbai is called the cottonopolis of India’ Suggest three reasons supporting the

statement. 9. Write three reasons why iron and steel industry is considered the basis of economic

development of any country. 10. Explain briefly any three non geographical factors influencing the location of industries. 11. Mention any three factors affecting inland waterways. 12. Write any three functions of a computer.

LA (5 marks) 1. Mention four advantages and one disadvantage of pipeline transport. 2. Write five features of the Hill Area Development programme. 3. What is Rainwater Harvesting? State any four objectives. 4. Explain briefly any five problems faced by Indian farmers in agriculture. 5. Write five factors responsible for poor female participation in work in India. 6. State any five characteristics of compact settlements.

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