2

MODEL 1

I. a. For 1 to 11, fill in the text below with ONE appropriate word for each gap.

The Freedom to Wander

The natural environment is something that is important for many people. There are, after all, a far (1) _____ number of arguments about the right to roam through the countryside than through industrial areas. What reason can be put (2) _____ to explain this?

Many people feel a need to (3) _____ into close contact with the natural environment but this feeling can turn (4) _____ one of unease in some natural environments, such as deserts, perhaps because we believe we are (5) _____ to function well there. These feelings probably have both a learned and a genetic component, but, either (6) _____ , they relate to the extent that we feel the environment provides all of (7) _____ with what we need in (8) _____ to survive. Favoured environments offer unlimited views of safe places to hide, an example of (9) _____ is shown by the way diners in restaurants more often than not choose tables alongside walls of windows.

Research into preferences has shed light on the importance to many people of outdoor settings with rugged scenery. Forests are popular, (10) _____ that they are not too dense. For the most (11) _____ landscapes altered by human intervention are not so appealing. Given these facts, it comes as no surprise that people want to roam, as well as live, in the countryside.

I. b. For 12 to 18, supply the correct answer.

(12) In Sentence 1, that is important to many people is a/an

a. Nominal Clause, Subject Complement;

b. Nominal Clause, Direct Object;

c. Non-Defining Relative Clause;

d. Defining Relative Clause;

e. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Result.

(13) In the last sentence, that people want to roam, as as live, in the countryside is a/an

a. Nominal Clause, Direct Object;

b. Non-Defining Relative Clause; Postmodifier of the head-noun surprise

c. Nominal Clause, Delayed Subject;

d. Defining Relative Clause; Postmodifier of the head-noun surprise

e. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Result;

(14) In the sentence What reason can be put, the word what is

a. a relative pronoun

b. an indefinite pronoun

c. an adverb

d. a pronominal adjective

e. an interrogative pronoun

(15) In the sequence but this feeling can turn , the word feeling is

a. an uncountable noun

b. a present participle

c. a gerund

d. a countable noun

e. a main verb

(16) In the phrase outdoor settings with rugged scenery, outdoor is

a. a compound noun

b. a derivative noun

c. a compound adjective

d. a derivative adjective

e. none of the above

(17) That in line 10 is

a. a wh-word

b. a demonstrative pronoun

c. a complementizer

(18) The morpheme s in provides in line 10 is the head of

a. an inflection phrase

b. a noun phrase

c. a verb phrase

Barem: pentru fiecare cerin rezolvat corect se acord 0,5 puncte. Poate exista un maxim de 9 puncte.II. Analyse the poem:Thou art as tyrannous, so as thou art,

As those whose beauties proudly make them cruel;

For well thou knowst to my dear doting heart

Thou art the fairest and most precious jewel.

Yet, in good faith, some say that thee behold,

Thy face hath not the power to make love groan;

To say they err I dare not be so bold,

Although I swear it to myself alone.

And to be sure that is not false I swear,

A thousand groans, but thinking on thy face,

One on anothers neck, do witness bear

Thy black is fairest in my judgments place.

In nothing art thou black save in thy deeds,

And thence this slander, as I think, proceeds.

William Shakespeare, sonnet 131

a. Discuss the poem within the literary context of its age (2 pt)s;

b. Discuss the poem in the context of the authors works (2 pts);

c. Refer to the European tradition of this poetic form (2 pt);

d. Show in what way the present poem is innovative within its tradition (3 pts).

Barem: a. 2 puncte, b. 2 puncte, c. 2 puncte, d. 3 puncte. Poate exista un total de 9 puncteNota final: [I (a+b) + II] : 2. La acest rezultat se adauga 1 punct din oficiuMODEL 2I. a. For 1 to 11, fill in the text below with ONE appropriate word for each gap.

Global English

Global English exists as a political and cultural reality. Many misguided theories attempt to explain why the English language should have succeeded internationally, whilst (1) ........ have not. Is it because there is (2) ........ inherently logical or beautiful about the structure of English? Does its simple grammar (3) ........ it easy to learn? Such ideas are misconceived. Latin was once a major international language, despite having a complicated grammatical structure, and English also presents learners (4) ........ all manner of real difficulties, not least its spelling system. Ease (5) ........ learning, therefore, has little to (6) with it. (7) all, children learn to speak their mother tongue in approximately the same period of time, (8) of their language.English has spread not so (9) . for linguistic reasons, but rather because it has often found (10) ......... in the right place, at the right time. (11) . the 1960s, two major developments have contributed to strengthening this global status. Firstly, in a number of countries, English is now used in addition to national or regional languages. As well as this, an electronic revolution has taken place. It is estimated that in the region of 80% of worldwide electronic communication is now in English.

I.b. For 12 to 18, supply the correct answer.(12) In lines 2-3, why the English language should have succeeded internationally is a/an

a. Defining Relative Clause;

b. Non-Defining Relative Clause;

c. Nominal Clause, Direct Object;

d. Nominal Clause, Indirect Object;

e. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Reason.

(13) In line 5, easy to learn is a/an

a. Direct Object;

b. Indirect Object;

c. Subject Complement;

d. Object Complement;

e. Adverbial Modifier of Manner;

(14) In the sequence whilst have not in line 3, the verb have is

a. a modal

b. a lexical verbc. a perfect auxiliary

d. a generic noune. a passive auxiliary(15) The sequence children learn to speak their mother tongue, in lines 9-10, contains

a. a possessive pronoun

b. an indefinite pronoun

c. an intensifier

d. a possessive adjective

e. a relative pronoun

(16) In developments have contributed to strengthening in line 14 , the word strengthening is

a. a verbal noun

b. a gerund

c. a present participle

d. an adjective

e. a main verb

(17) Has in line 12 projects

a) a verb phrase;

b) a clause;

c) a participial phrase.

(18) English in line 12 is an eligible antecedent for it in line 12 because

a) it is free in its minimal governing category;

b) it is bound in its minimal governing category;c) it is free everywhere.

Barem: pentru fiecare cerin rezolvat corect se acord 0,5 puncte. Poate exista un maxim de 9 puncte.II. Read the following fragment:Elinor, this eldest daughter, whose advice was so effectual. possessed a strength of understanding, and coolness of judgment, which qualified her, though only nineteen, to be the counsellor of her mother, and enabled her frequently to counteract, to the advantage of them all, that eagerness of mind in Mrs. Dashwood which must generally have led to imprudence. She had an excellent heart;- her disposition was affectionate, and her feelings were strong; but she knew how to govern them: it was a knowledge which her mother had yet to learn; and which one of her sisters had resolved never to be taught.

Mariannes abilities were, in many respects, quite equal to Elinors. She was sensible and clever; but eager in everything: her sorrows, her joys, could have no moderation. She was generous, amiable, interesting: she was everything but prudent. The resemblance between her and her mother was strikingly great.

(Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility)

Starting from the fragment above:

a. Define Jane Austens Sense and Sensibility as a novel of sentiment (2pts.);b. Discuss the insights into both the subjective and the objective world of its characters (3 pts);c. Comment on how Austens analysis of the characters consciousness is reflected in the excerpt from Sense and Sensibility (4 pts).

Barem: a. 2 puncte, b. 3 puncte, c. 4 puncte. Poate exista un maxim total de 9 puncteNota final: [I (a+b) + II] : 2. La acest rezultat se adauga 1 punct din oficiuMODEL 3I.a. For 1 to 11, fill in the text below with ONE appropriate word for each gap.

2.4.1. Herbs

Over the last hundred years, much of the art using herbs in cooking and medicine has been lost, especially in industrialized societies. Until recently, few people in the crowded cities had the space to grow plants and vegetables, and so (1)__ in the country did knowledge of herbs linger on. (2)__ the advent of refrigeration, however, (3)__ meant that the strong smell of old meat no (4)__ had to be disguised, and the appearance of packaged food and easily- available medicines, the growing of herbs declined rapidly.

Nowadays there is (5)__ anyone who does not have a small patch of garden, or a window sill or balcony large (6)__ for a pot or two of herbs. These facts, coupled with the beginnings of a revolt (7)__ standardized foods and perhaps also a mistrust of the side (8)__ of some of todays medicines, mean that herbs have taken (9)__ a new popularity.

The culinary uses of herbs are endless and they can be used (10)__ good effect all year round, (11)__ dried form or cut fresh. As aids to beauty and for medicinal purposes there is now a vast range available. Herbs are for all occasions and all seasons.

I.b. For 12 to 18, supply the correct answer.

(12) In line 4, the phrase knowledge of herbs is a/an

a. prepositional phrase, direct object;

b. prepositional phrase, prepositional object;

c. adjective phrase, subject complement;

d. noun phrase, direct object;

e. noun phrase, subject;

(13) In lines 10-11, who does not have a small patch of garden is a

a. Nominal Clause, Direct Object;

b. Noun Phrase; Subject;

c. Nominal Clause, Subject;

d. Defining Relative Clause;

e. Noun Phrase, Direct Object;(14) In line 4, the word did is

a. a modal verbb. an auxiliary verb

c. a main verb

d. a marginal modal

e. none of these(15) The phrase the growing of herbs declined rapidly contains

a. a past participle

b. an adjective

c. a present participle

d. a verbal noun

e. a gerund

(16) In the phrase a small patch of garden, the word small is

a. an indefinite pronoun

b. an attributive adjective

c. an intensifying adjectived. an adverb

e. a quantifying adjective

(17) Which is the subject argument of the verb grow in line 3?

a. crowded cities;

b. an empty category co-indexed with few people in the crowded cities;

c. there is no subject argument.

(18) Herbs in line 14 has its Nominative case checked/ assigned by

a. finite inflection haveb. past participle taken

c. complementizer that

Barem: pentru fiecare cerin rezolvat corect se acord 0,5 puncte. Poate exista un maxim de 9 puncte.II. Read the fragment below and discuss:

I warn my kind friends, then, that I am going to tell a story of harrowing villainy and complicated but, as I trust, intensely interesting crime. My rascals are no milk-and-water rascals, I promise you. When we come to the proper places we wont spare fine language No, no! But when we are going over the quiet country we must perforce be calm. A tempest in a slop-basin is absurd. We will reserve that sort of thing for the mighty ocean and the lonely midnight. The present Chapter is very mild. Others But we will not anticipate those.

And, as we bring our characters forward, I will ask leave, as a man and a brother, not only to introduce them, but occasionally to step down from the platform, and talk about them: if they are good and kindly, to love them and shake them by the hand: if they are silly, to laugh at them confidentially in the readers sleeve: if they are wicked and heartless, to abuse them in the strongest terms which politeness admits of. (W. M. Thackeray, Vanity Fair)

1. How the fragment relates to the whole of the novel, and how the novel relates to its Victorian context (3 pts);

2. The status of the characters as announced herein ( 3 pts);

3. How the fragment shapes the figure of the author standing behind the narrative (3 pts)Barem: a. 3 puncte, b. 3 puncte, c. 3 puncte. Poate exista un maxim total de 9 puncteNota final: [I (a+b) + II] : 2. La acest rezultat se adauga 1 punct din oficiuMODEL 4I.a. For 1 to 11, fill in the text below with ONE appropriate word for each gap.

Ice-fishing

Every weekend, hundreds of Russians trudge for miles across snow and ice to indulge in the one thing which gives meaning to their often harsh lives: ice-fishing.

(1) finding a suitably desolate spot of (2) own, they drill a hole in the ice, dip in their line and wait for the fish to bite. With no company (3) ., save that of the relentless howling of the wind, they sit for hours huddled over the frozen Moscow river, never exchanging more than the (4) .. of grunts or nods with a fellow fisherman, should one pass by. (5) the practitioners of this bizarre sport might say, the rewards of ice-fishing do not include the fish they hope to catch. To say the (6) ... these are inedible. Could it be, then, that they do it purely and simply for the challenge? Yet another case of man battling against the elements?

In fact, the majority of Russians do not understand why so large (7) .. number of their countrymen can waste the precious hours of winter daylight on what appears to be such a pointless activity. (8). all, why should anybody risk life and limb to catch fish which are usually thrown back into the river? For (9) .. ice-fishing may appear to be safe, it can be (10) .. dangerous indeed. In fact, (11) unpredictable can be the movement of an ice-flow, that every year lives are put in danger or lost altogether. Fishermen can find themselves swept away and stranded on sheets of ice, and, unless rescued by helicopter within a few hours, will perish in the sub-zero temperatures.

For 12 to 18, supply the correct answer.

(12) Sentence 3, should one pass by is an

a. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Time;

b. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Reason;

c. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Condition;

d. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Result;

e. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Concession;(13) In Sentence 9, which are usually thrown back into the river is a/an

a. Nominal Clause, Direct Object;

b. Non-Defining Relative Clause;

c. Nominal Clause, Noun Complement;

d. Defining Relative Clause;

e. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Result;(14) In the sentence beginning With no company..., the word howling is

a. a gerund

b. a present participle

c. a verbal noun

d. an adjective

e. none of the above(15) In Could it be, then, ..., the word could is

a. an auxiliary

b. a modal

c. a causative verb

d. a main verb

e. none of these(16) The pronoun in Fishermen can find themselves is

a. an indefinite one

b. an emphatic one

c. a reciprocal one

d. a reflexive one

e. a possessive one

(17) The governor of the nominal their often harsh lives in lines 2-3 is

a) verb give;

b) preposition to;

c) noun meaning.

(18) Do in line 11 projects

a) a clause;

b) a sub-clause;

c) a verb phrase.

Barem: pentru fiecare cerin rezolvat corect se acord 0,5 puncte. Poate exista un maxim de 9 puncte.II. Read the following fragment:One wanted fifty pairs of eyes to see with, she reflected. Fifty pairs of eyes were not enough to get round that one woman with, she thought. Among them, must be one that was stone blind to her beauty. One wanted most some secret sense, fine as air, with which to steal through keyholes and surround her where she sat knitting, talking, sitting silent in the window alone; which took to itself and treasured up like the air which held the smoke of the steamer, her thoughts, her imaginations, her desires. What did the hedge mean to her, what did the garden mean to her, what did it mean to her when a wave broke? (Lily looked up, as she had seen Mrs Ramsay look up; she too heard a wave falling on the beach.) And then what stirred and trembled in her mind when the children cried, Hows that? Hows that? cricketing?

(Virginia Woolf, To the Lighthouse)

Starting from Virginia Woolfs definition of an ordinary mind on an ordinary day in Modern Fiction

[The mind receives a myriad impressions trivial, fantastic, evanescent, or engraved with the sharpness of steel. From all sides they come, an incessant shower of innumerable atoms...]:a) Contextualize the fragment from To the Lighthouse in the novel (3 pts); b) Comment on what is a Modernist perspective in Virginia Woolfs statement in the fragment above (3 pts);

a) Extend your comment to how this is reflected in the fragment from To the Lighthouse (3 pts):

Barem: a.3 puncte, b.3 puncte, c.3 puncte. Poate exista un total maxim de 9 puncteNota final: [I (a+b) + II] : 2. La acest rezultat se adauga 1 punct din oficiuMODEL 5

I.a. For 1 to 11, fill in the text below with ONE appropriate word for each gap.

Light up your face with gladness

Are you frowning as you read this? Habitual frowners may not even be aware that their foreheads are creased, and will need to touch their brows to (1).......... out. A permanent frown is forbidding and unattractive, yet it is very easy to get into the (2) .......... of frowning. You can stop yourself by placing your hand on your forehead to check whether your brow is smooth (3) ...... you happen to be reading or watching television. In this way, you can begin to unlearn a negative piece of body language and if you suffer from headaches, you should find yourself suffering from them (4)..........

Smiling at yourself may make you feel a (5)....... self-conscious - but it works! Next time you are (6) .......... the weather, physically or emotionally, you can test for yourself the therapeutic powers of smiling. Each (7) .......... the expression fades from your face, try again and again (8) ......... you begin to notice an improvement in yourself. In a large number of cases, this simple technique will produce noticeable benefits (9) ......... a short space of time and its free.

As well as cheering yourself up, smiling at someone else can help (10) .......... of you to feel better, for a smile tends to call forth an answering smile. One of the reasons why we are attracted to smiling faces is because they can affect our autonomic nervous system. Facial expressions and moods are catching, (11) .......... we are not simply registering that someone is cheerful or cross - we are experiencing the same emotion. If you are always surrounded by miserable people with long faces, you are more than likely to suffer depressive feelings yourself eventually.

I.b. For 12 to 18, supply the correct answer.(12) In Sentence 11, why we are attracted to smiling faces is a/an

a. Nominal Clause, Subject;

b. Non-Defining Relative Clause;

c. Nominal Clause, Noun Complement;

d. Defining Relative Clause;

e. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Reason;(13) In Sentence 11, because they can affect our autonomic nervous system is a/an

a. Nominal Clause, Subject;

b. Nominal Clause, Subject Complement;

c. Nominal Clause, Direct Object;

d. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Reason;

e. Adverbial Clause, Adverbial Modifier of Result;

(14) The phrase cheering yourself up contains

a. a conjunction

b. an adverbial particlec. a reciprocal pronoun

d. a preposition

e. a participle

(15) In the last sentence, the word eventually is

a. an adverb of manner

b. an adverb of frequency

c. an adverb of time

d. an adverb of concession

e. none of the above

(16) In the phrase a small patch of garden, the word small is

a. an indefinite pronoun

b. an attributive adjective

c. an intensifying adjectived. an adverb

e. a quantifying adjective

(17) The subject argument of past participle surrounded in line 23

a) is the prepositional phrase by miserable people with long faces;

b) is blocked by its own passive feature;

c) is nominal you.

(18) If in line 23 projects

a) a complementizer phrase

b) an inflection phrase

c) a prepositional phrase

Barem: pentru fiecare cerin rezolvat corect se acord 0,5 puncte. Poate exista un maxim de 9 puncte.II. Read the following fragment:The silhouette of a moving cat wavered across the moonlight and turning my head to watch it I saw that I was not alone fifty feet away a figure had emerged from the shadow of my neighbours mansion and was standing with his hands in his pockets regarding the silver pepper of the stars. Something in his leisurely movements and the secure position of his feet upon the lawn suggested that it was Mr. Gatsby himself, come out to determine what share was his of our local heavens.

I decided to call to him. Miss Baker had mentioned him at dinner, and that would do for an introduction. But I didnt call to him for he gave a sudden intimation that he was contempt to be alone he stretched out his arms towards the dark water in a curious way, and far as I was from him I could have sworn he was trembling. Involuntarily I glanced seaward and distinguished nothing, except a single green light, minute and far away, that might have been the end of a dock. When I looked once more for Gatsby he had vanished, and I was alone again in the unquiet darkness.

F. S. Fitzgerald, The Great GatsbyStarting from the fragment above,

1. discuss the role of the narrator in the novel

2. comment on the ways in which the persona of the protagonist is developed

3. explain the social topography of the novel

Barem: a.3 puncte, b.3 puncte, c.3 puncte. Poate exista un total maxim de 9 puncteNota final: [I (a+b) + II] : 2. La acest rezultat se adauga 1 punct din oficiuPAGE 1