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“The land yields…(an) abundance of fish, infinite store (endless supply) of deer, and hares, with many fruits and roots…There are hills and mountains making a sensible (offer) of hidden treasure, never yet searched”
England Seeks Colonies
English King shares power with Parliament (lawmaking body)
England begins to establish colonies in late 1500s
Market for goods
Raw materials for England
Who wanted to go to the colonies?
People suffering economic hardship
Production of wool left tenant farmers without land
Unemployment and population on the rise in England
Roanoke
First English attempt at colonies 1st colony: Sir Walter Raleigh, ends up starving and is rescued by Francis Drake2nd colony: John White, establishes colony and returns to England
Delayed, and returns 3 years laterAll settlers goneCROATOAN
The Virginia Company of London
Joint stock company
Printed advertisements to encourage settlers
650 investors
Virginia Company’s charter granted by King James I
Jamestown
1607 Three ships arrive at Jamestown
105 male colonists
Sail into Chesapeake Bay and up James River
Named colony after King James
Problems…
-Most colonists only want to search for treasure
-Few have farming or carpentry skills
-Poor site for settlement: swamp, salty water, mosquitoes
-1608: 38 out of 100 still alive
Captain John Smith
Sent to lead colony in 1608 Military ExperienceForces settlers to plant crops and build better housing“He who works not, eats not.”
Powhatan Confederacy
Alliance of Algonquian Indians
Sometimes bring colonists food
Teach colonists to grow corn
At times colonists steal food, not peaceful relationship
Starving time: Smith leaves around 1609
Summer of 1610 = 60 colonists
1611 New settlers arrive
War in VirginiaConflict with colonists and Powhatan
John Rolfe creates temporary peace by marrying Pocahontas (Powhatan leader’s daughter
Pocahontas and her father die
Fighting lasts for 20 years
In 1646 war ends when colonists kill Powhatan leader
London Company unable to help colonists
English crown cancels charter
Virginia becomes royal colony under a governor appointed by the King
House of Burgesses
Representative government
Lawmaking body for Virginia
Pass laws and set taxes
Shares power with governor who could veto acts
Africans come to Virginia
Dutch ships brings slaves from West Indies
Sold to Virginia colonists
Had ability to earn freedom after working a certain number of years
The Pilgrims
Separatists: wanted to separate from Church of England
1st move to Holland
Decide to leave and move to Virginia
Pilgrim: person on a religious journey
The Mayflower CompactSail aboard the MayflowerStorms blow them off course and they land in MassachusettsName their new home PlymouthSign Mayflower Compact because they had blown off course