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“Hard” Problem
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Hard Problem
“Solved”
“Soft” Problem
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Soft Problem
“Resolved”
“Messy” Problem
Photos by Guru Madhavan
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Image Source: The New Yorker, http://www.newyorker.com/cartoons/a20630
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9, N
o. 1, pp
. 110-1
17, 2003
Messy Problems
Need to be
“Dissolved”
A Hard and Soft and
Messy Problem
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The New York Times
C Phelps, G Madhavan, R Rappuoli, R Colwell, H Fineberg, Vaccine, 2017
G Madhavan, C Phelps, R Rappuoli, Nature, 2017
C Phelps, G Madhavan, Value in Health, 2017
C Phelps, G Madhavan, Cost Effec and Res Alloc, 2018
G Madhavan, C Phelps, W. Rouse, R Rappuoli, PNAS, 2018
C Phelps, G Madhavan, Value in Health, 2019
Solutions
Systems
Strategies
Preamble, Mike Wilkins, 1987 | Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, DC
