Engineering Encyclopedia - docshare01.docshare.tipsdocshare01.docshare.tips/files/30626/306261720.pdf · including Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards, will be met in the design, construction,

Note: The source of the technical material in this volume is the Professional Engineering Development Program (PEDP) of Engineering Services.

Warning: The material contained in this document was developed for Saudi Aramco and is intended for the exclusive use of Saudi Aramco’s employees. Any material contained in this document which is not already in the public domain may not be copied, reproduced, sold, given, or disclosed to third parties, or otherwise used in whole, or in part, without the written permission of the Vice President, Engineering Services, Saudi Aramco.

Chapter : Project Management For additional information on this subject, contact File Reference: PMT-201.06 PEDD Coordinator on 874-6556

Engineering Encyclopedia Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

SAFETY, SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS DURING PRELIMINARY

ENGINEERING

Engineering Encyclopedia Management of Preliminary Engineering

Safety, Security And Environmental Considerations During Preliminary Engineering

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards i

Section Page

INFORMATION ............................................................................................................... 2

INTRODUCTION: SAFETY CONSIDERATION ............................................................. 2

Project's Safety Objectives.............................................................................. 3

Loss Prevention .............................................................................................. 3

Compliance with Design and Engineering Standards ..................................... 4

SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS..................................................................................... 8

Project Security Guidelines ............................................................................. 8

Industrial Security Department ...................................................................... 11

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS ...................................................................... 12

Project Environmental Guidelines ................................................................. 12

Environmental Engineering Division.............................................................. 19

GLOSSARY .................................................................................................................. 21

ADDENDUM ................................................................................................................. 23

ADDENDUM 3: SAEP-13, PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS - 12 ....... 55

Table

Table 1. Safety and Security Directive (SSD) ............................................................... 10

Table 1. Safety and Security Directive (SSD) (Cont’d) ................................................. 11



Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards 2

INFORMATION

INTRODUCTION: SAFETY CONSIDERATION

Safety is good business. Not only does Saudi Aramco and its contractors have an obligation - both morally and legally - to protect employees and others who work on their property, but good safety programs generally pay for themselves. The costs related to both personal injuries and asset damage can be extremely high.

Early identification of the safety aspects to be incorporated into a project must be accomplished at the Preliminary Engineering Phase. This is important because it:

• Minimizes rework later in the project

• Allows the safety items to be included in the Expenditure Request (ER) estimate

• Sets the standard for safety performance throughout the Project Life Cycle

In order to achieve good safety, senior management of Saudi Aramco and the contractor organizations must be committed to, and continually emphasize the importance of safety. Commitment and emphasis set the basis for the Saudi Aramco Project Management Team (SAPMT) and they must be demonstrated by:

• Discussing safety at all meetings

• Setting goals and guidelines and then communicating these to all personnel

• Providing safety expertise as a resource to the SAPMT

• Evaluating the safety performance of prospective contractors, and penalizing contractors (or subcontractors) with poor safety records when bids for the work are evaluated




Risks to personnel and property will be minimized through application of best petroleum industry loss control practices. Saudi Arabian Government and Company safety requirements, including Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards, will be met in the design, construction, modification, operation, and maintenance of facilities and equipment.

Project's Safety Objectives

In general, the objectives of each project must:

• Ensure that the design follows standards that are proven effective for loss prevention and for production.

• Prevent the oversights and errors that require alterations and/or additions.

• Prevent violation of Saudi Arabian Government regulations.

• Avoid undesirable interferences between new and existing operations and facilities.

It is the responsibility of the Project Engineer to apply the specific standards to the facility design. The Project Engineer must work very closely with the Loss Prevention Department and the Operations Proponent to assure that the preliminary engineering contractor is utilizing the Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards and the Saudi Aramco Design Practices - Safety In Facility Design in completing the design.

Loss Prevention

Many accidents are preventable if suitable measures are taken early. The best time for such measures is in the Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Phases. Information sources like the Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards, Safety and Security Directives from the Supreme Commission of Industrial Security (SCIS) and other codes have been developed to define the standard to be applied to company facilities. The proper applications of these standards, codes, and regulations save the company time, work, and money. The SAPMT should use




these standards, codes, and regulations as a prompt to initiate talks on specific subjects between the SAPMT and the Preliminary Engineering Contractor's staff. The results will be more productive facilities and effective loss prevention.

Compliance with Design and Engineering Standards

Safety in design has two parts. These are:

• Design to prevent an accident from occurring.

• Design to limit the extent of loss when an accident does occur.

The second is necessary because 100 percent prevention is seldom possible or practical. The key to safety is a high level of prevention, backed up by a high level of loss limitation.

1. For effective loss prevention through design, the Project Engineer should utilize the following steps:

2. Define all factors that are related to the facility. These factors include process requirements and positive and negative influences of the machines and equipment to be used.

3. Search the latest standards, codes, and regulations for applicable guidelines and constraints.

4. Use practical experience and good industry practice to design the safest possible system. Standards establish minimums, which in some cases may need to be exceeded.

5. Review all material purchase requisitions with loss prevention in mind.

6. Request waivers for situations where it seems impractical or not cost effective to meet the standards or codes. An alternate method to get equal or better loss prevention should be developed along with the waiver request. The process for deviating from the Safety and Security Directives (SSDs) will be discussed later; however, the Saudi Aramco waiver procedures do not apply.




Deviations from SSDs can occur only after prior approvals are obtained from the Chief Engineer and the General Manager of Industrial Security.

7. Review criteria and design at each stage of development. The Loss Prevention Department's representative can help recognize oversights or inadequate evaluations of risks.

The Project Engineer will want to keep the following in mind to help identify factors that may affect facility design and modification:

• Location, environment, and terrain

• Size and spacing of units

• Operator and maintenance access and exit platforms, walkways, stairs, and ramps

• Materials handling and storage

• Fire prevention and protection

• Ergonomics: position, movement, illumination, ventilation, information, and human responses

• Energy sources: electricity, heat, pressure, chemical, steam, etc.

• Personal services: medical, food, toilets, training, maintenance, personnel lockers, parking, etc.

Loss Prevention Engineers can give valuable input through an "outside" look at a project. They can reinforce the expertise of the Project Engineer, the Design Engineer and the Proponent. To that technical base, they can add their knowledge of practical applications of safety, health, and fire standards. They can also help by their knowledge of accidents and common safety problems in similar facilities. They may also know of current activities that could conflict with or enhance safety in the project.

Materials represent a large part of all projects. In order to have effective loss prevention, materials must be included in all design reviews. At the time of Preliminary Engineering, the Project Engineer should consider these purchasing controls:




• Check to see if materials or equipment are hazardous or have safety requirements. Refer to Saudi Aramco, Saudi Arab Government, and petroleum industry standards and regulations.

• Specify guards and safety devices, or the appropriate standards, in requests for equipment and tools.

• Identify hazardous materials on purchase requisitions.

• Request a material safety data sheet from the supplier.

• Pass on information about hazards in storage and use, and on emergency treatment.

• Limit the quantity of material ordered to the amount that is needed and can be safely stored.

• Specify labeling requirements for all containers. If a substance is put into a small container for use, label it with the name of the material, the type of hazard, and the emergency treatment.

• Consider the cost of safety measures, as well as the cost of the item, before deciding which equipment or material to buy.

Safety problems are "bought" if the need for guards, insulation, or safety devices are not specified. Savings from the purchase of substandard equipment are quickly lost when safety features have to be added after the equipment is delivered. Accidents and delays in putting equipment to use are other costs of inadequate purchasing controls.

The best engineered facility may still have hazards. In recent years the Oil and Gas Industry has introduced the concept of Hazard & Operability Studies (HAZOP), which are conducted by appointed teams composed of company and contract employees. The objective of the team is to identify hazardous conditions that could occur when the facility is not in normal operation. Examples to be reviewed include:

• Failure of equipment

• Start up of facility




• Shutdown of facility

HAZOP studies can be conducted during detailed engineering; however, they are also applicable to preliminary engineering and they can save considerable effort later on in the project. HAZOP can be conducted from the P & IDs and Plot Plans as soon as they are approved. HAZOP analysis are preventative in nature, in other words, they are conducted before there is an accident. They are intended to identify potential accidents and reduce the risk of a failure.

The use of HAZOP analysis is very important and most, if not all, of the major oil companies are using it. The analysis is made by a team of individuals who represent a cross-section of discipline expertise. As an example, the team should have experience in process, instrumentation, electrical, rotating equipment, piping/stationary equipment, etc. The HAZOP team should be lead by a team leader who is specifically experienced in conducting HAZOP analyses. The Project Engineer should secure a team leader who has the specific experience, even if it means going outside the preliminary engineering contractors personnel to find the right person.

As an example of a simplified HAZOP application, an equipment layout/plot plan is first defined to minimize piping runs and energy requirements; however, some rearranging or adjustments may be necessary due to hazards caused by adjacent equipment that is incompatible.

In Saudi Aramco, a Hazard Identification Plan is used. Addendum 1, "Execution Plan for Recommended Preventive Safety-Related Measures to Avoid Construction Accidents on Maintaining Potential Projects" is included for your use. The plan highlights safety related measures to be implemented from inception of design through construction. This plan was developed as a result of a failure in the 30-inch QA-3 line.

Addendum 2, "The HAZOP Technique" gives the Participant another approach to hazard identification. The emphasis in the HAZOP is to identify potential problems, and not to solve them. The process that is used to conduct a HAZOP is delineated in the addendum.




SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS

As is the case with all project requirements, good security identification and implementation begins at the very earliest stages of a project, at the Preliminary Engineering Phase. There are three aspects of security that must be considered:

• Security of the new facility

• Security of the existing facilities

• Security of the project during its execution

In order to assure that the ER package includes the full scope of these items as well as their funds, they must be identified during the Preliminary Engineering Phase.

Project Security Guidelines

On all sites, good security programs are necessary to:

• Prevent loss from theft

• Prevent injury or loss on the site from vandalism

• Protect personnel from hazards that exist on the site

How security is organized will depend on how the Project Engineer has defined the security requirements of the contractor in the contract. Items such as fencing, lighting, gate layout, gate pass procedures, and visitor access must be considered as early as possible, i.e., during the Preliminary Engineering Phase. The Project Engineer should be prepared to identify the impact to the budget and any early construction activities that may be required.

The SAES-O Series of Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards (SAES) have been established to aid the designer in clarifying the technical aspects of the Saudi Arabian Government Safety and Security Directives. These SSDs were received, in English translation, by Saudi Aramco from the Saudi Arabian Government Supreme Commission for Industrial Security.




SAES-O series shall be applied to the design of all new onshore Saudi Aramco industrial facilities that are designated as vital to the security of the Kingdom.

The Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources letter No. F/1400/609 in conjunction with SSD/2 shall be applied to the design of all new offshore Saudi Aramco industrial facilities that are designated as vital to the security of the Kingdom.

Vital is defined as:

"Any piece of equipment vulnerable to sabotage, in or connected with a vital installation, where destruction or damage would result in unacceptable interruption of the installation’s services"

A vital installation is defined as any installation deemed essential to the industrial productivity of the Kingdom and where destruction or damage to the installation would result in an unacceptable interruption of the industrial productivity of the Kingdom.

Vital Industrial Facilities shall include:

• All new hydrocarbon projects

• New industrial communications projects

• Computers that control vital equipment or that supply sensitive information

• Data acquisition centers that control vital equipment or that supply key computers [e.g. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems]

• Facilities such as explosives storage

• Marine installations (including offshore industrial plants)

Examples of plant equipment that shall be considered Vital are:

• Transformers

• Production Manifolds

• Spheroids

• Hydrocarbon Launcher/Receiver Stations

• Hydrocarbon Metering Stations




• Electrical Switchgear

Examples of plant facilities that are considered non-vital are:

• Maintenance Building

• Drinking Water Storage Tank

• Chemical Injection Facilities

• Recreation Hall

• Dormitory

Table 1. Safety and Security Directive (SSD)

DIRECTIVE SAES-O-NUMBER

SSD/1 Standard Security Fence SAES-O-101

SSD/2 Category II Fence SAES-O-102

SSD/3 Category III Fence SAES-O-103

SSD/4 Category III Fence Alternate SAES-O-104

SSD/5 Gates in Woven Wire Fabric Fences SAES-O-105A

SSD/5A Gates in Perimeter Fences SAES-O-105

SSD/6 Barbed S Wire Concertina SAES-O-106

SSD/7 Security and Emergency Exit Doors SAES-O-107

SSD/8 Minimum Standards for Locks Used on Security Doors, Perimeter Fences and Emergency Exits

SAES-O-108

SSD/9 Minimum Standards for Buildings Housing Sensitive or Vital Equipment

SAES-O-109

SSD/10 Protection of Vital Equipment SAES-O-110

SSD/11 Power Supplies SAES-O-111

SSD/12 Communications SAES-O-112

SSD/13 Security Lighting Systems SAES-O-113

SSD/14 Check Point Lighting SAES-O-114




Table 1. Safety and Security Directive (SSD) (Cont’d)

SSD/15 Intruder Detection Systems SAES-O-115

SSD/16 Automatic Control of Entry (ACE) SAES-O-116

SSD/17 Gate House and Vehicle Lock SAES-O-117

SSD/18 Fire Fighting Equipment SAES-O-118

SSD/19 Work Permit Procedures SAES-O-119

SSD/20 Expanded Steel Mesh SAES-O-120

SSD/21 Protection of Diesel Engines SAES-O-121

SSD/22 Gasoline Filling Stations SAES-O-122

SSD/23 Automatic Control of Entry SAES-O-123

SSD/24 Turnstiles Used in Control of Entry SAES-O-124

SSD/25 Internal Cleaning of Storage Tanks SAES-O-125

SSD/26 Blast Resistant Control Buildings SAES-O-126

SSD/27 Tank Spacing - Dikes and Drainage Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources Letter No. F/1400/609 (July, 1980)

SAES-O-127

Resources Letter No. F/1400/609 (July, 1980) SAES-O-128

Industrial Security Department

The Industrial Security Department is responsible for maintaining security within the Saudi Aramco facilities. During Preliminary Engineering, the Project Engineer must identify those situations where security can be enhanced by providing additional protection, which will aid the efforts of the Industrial Security Department. Examples include: storage area fencing, night guards around the construction site, and control of contractor and company vehicles at the site.

The Project Engineer is encouraged to solicit expertise from the Industrial Security Department to help in identifying the steps and the associated costs that should be included in the ER estimate.




ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

Saudi Aramco is concerned with the quality of the environment. In order to protect and preserve the environment, each new project must do it's part. The Project Engineer is responsible for assuring that the environment is preserved, and the place to start is in the earliest phases of the project, during Preliminary Engineering.

As a part of the Project Proposal, the Project Engineer is responsible for preparing an Environmental Assessment to evaluate environmental impacts of the project. This section will discuss the Project Engineer's responsibilities in this regard.

Project Environmental Guidelines

Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure-13, Project Environmental Assessments, gives the procedure necessary to prepare Environmental Assessments, which are to be included in all Project Proposals and small (BI-1900) projects with possible environmental impacts. An Environmental Assessment describes and quantifies project actions and those discharges and emissions regulated by environmental standards; predicts the environmental changes that will occur from a project; and demonstrates compliance with applicable Saudi Aramco and/or Saudi Arabian Government environmental standards and policy.

The Environmental Assessment will elaborate on the relevant facts in those cases where the project:

• Will not meet applicable environmental standards,

• Will cause significant environmental impacts, or

• Will not incorporate the best available technology for environmental controls.

Environmental Assessments will be completed in the Preliminary Engineering stage and will be treated as a primary project design objective. The format for the Environmental Assessment part of the Project Proposal is given below.




FORMAT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS

I. Water Quality

A. Existing Situation without the Project

B. Discharge Inventory

C. Water Quality Impacts

D. Control Techniques and Alternatives

II. Air Quality


B. Emissions Inventory

C. Air Quality Impacts

D. Control Techniques and Alternatives

III. Marine and Terrestrial Ecology


B. Impacts from Offshore and Onshore Projects

C. Control Techniques and Alternatives

IV. Summary of Impacts

A. Short-Term Impacts

B. Long-Term Impacts

Projects that may have an adverse environmental impact on water quality, air quality, and marine and terrestrial ecology shall be evaluated and the extent of the impact shall be described quantitatively and qualitatively.

The following checklist shall be used to determine where potential environmental impacts may arise. When these impacts are determined, appropriate control techniques shall be applied, and the applicable section of the assessment shall be completed. This checklist is not intended to be comprehensive;




it is illustrative of the causes of environmental impact. Examples of potential environmental pollution sources within each impact area that may be included in Saudi Aramco projects include:

Water Quality (includes all surface waters and groundwater)

• Sanitary Wastewater

• Thermal Discharges

• Oily Water

• Process Wastewater

• Hydrotest Water

• Desalination Reject Water

• Chemically Treated Wastewater

• Formation Water

• Runoff

• Subsurface Injection (Wastewater Disposal, Sea Water Injection)

• Groundwater Withdrawal

• Tank Drainage

• Solid Wastes

• Hazardous Wastes

Marine and Terrestrial Ecology

• Wastewater

• Dredging and Excavation

• Pier Construction

• Air Pollutants

• Installation Abandonment

• Outfall and Intake Structures




• Thermal Discharges

• Borrow and Fill Operations

• Site Preparation

Air Quality

• Flares

• Boilers

• Burn Pits

• Gas Combustion Turbines

• Relief Valves

• Storage Vessels

• Hydrocarbon Loading Facilities

• Stacks

• Motor Vehicle Emissions

• Noise

The following are samples of what constitutes solid wastes, hazardous wastes and noise:

Solid Wastes

• Sludge

• Tank Bottoms

• Construction Rubble

• Refuse

• Garbage

• Filter Material

• Containers




Hazardous Wastes

• Flammable Wastes

• Toxic Wastes

• Explosive Wastes

• Etiologic Wastes

• Corrosive Wastes

• Radioactive Wastes

Noise

• Compressors

• Pressure Relief Valves

• Pressure Reduction Stations

• Engines

• Pipe Bends

• Centrifugal Fans

• Traffic

Additional sources peculiar to a project's environmental impact shall also be considered and included within the assessment.

The Chief of Environmental Affairs will interpret and advise on the applicability of the environmental standards for specific queries. If impact items are identified for which no standard or policy exists, then the Chief of Environmental Affairs shall be contacted for assistance. The Environmental Engineering Division/Process & Control Systems Department shall be contacted for assistance in the technical/engineering aspects of the environmental standards.

The quantities, concentrations, and disposition of wastes and pollutants that are generated in the construction and operation of the proposed facilities shall be described in detail. Standardized inventory forms routinely used by Saudi Aramco in




preparing discharge/emission inventories are available from the Environmental Engineering Division/Process and Control Systems Department.

Because environmental standards also regulate ambient concentrations of pollutants, the pollutant levels in the environment that exist before the project becomes operational must be described. If the project will take several years to construct, the environmental conditions at the time of start-up shall be predicted. Both Saudi Aramco and non-Saudi Aramco projects, if possible, in the vicinity must be considered to completely characterize the existing or predicted environmental conditions. The Environmental Engineering Division/Process and Control Systems Department will assist in determining/predicting ambient environmental conditions and it will provide available background information upon request.

By superimposing the project's impacts upon the ambient conditions, compliance or non-compliance with the appropriate environmental standards can be shown. The necessary control measures and compliance monitoring programs shall then be discussed to show how the environmental standards will be maintained. Saudi Aramco's environmental standards are regularly revised to incorporate Saudi Arab Government Standards including those of the Meteorology and Environmental Protection Administration (MEPA) as well as those of the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu.

The SAPMT is ultimately responsible for providing the environmental assessment along with the Project Proposal. Once formed, the SAPMT will consult with the Industrial and Environmental Affairs Department (I&EAD) and the Process and Control Systems Department (P&CSD) to determine:

• What environmental information already exists.

• Areas that require further study and field work.

• How to contract any work to be done outside of the Company.

• How to satisfy any additional government environmental requirements simultaneously when conducting the environmental assessment.

The P&CSD is responsible for the following:




• Preparing and updating the environmental standards.

• Advising on potential environmental problems.

• Providing existing information on ambient environmental conditions.

• Advising and assisting in the preparation of environmental assessments and environmental impact statements.

• Reviewing scopes and work of SAPMT environmental contractors when needed on larger environmental assessments.

• Reviewing the Project Proposal environmental assessments and BI-1900 project environmental impact statements.

• Advising on environmental control and monitoring programs.

The I&EAD is responsible for interpreting and advising on environmental standards. The I&EAD also provides environmental policy guidance in situations where environmental standards do not presently exist. The I&EAD is also responsible for reviewing the project to insure that environmental controls are consistent with other Saudi Aramco activities. The I&EAD is also responsible for liaising with the Ministry of Petroleum and Minerals to determine which project environmental assessments require the Ministry's review and possible review by MEPA prior to construction.

The Programs, Forecasts and Analysis Department (PF&AD) and the Facilities Planning Department are responsible for referring all BI-1900 project briefs with environmental impact statements to the P&CSD for review. PF&AD will not process approval packages for BI-1900 projects if a statement is not included. In addition, the Facilities Planning Department will consult with I&EAD and P&CSD during development of the Design Basis Scoping Paper (DBSP) to determine whether any potential environmental impacts exist.




Environmental Engineering Division

The Environmental Engineering Division (EED)/P&CSD, which consists of the Air & Marine Science Unit, Environmental Engineering Unit and Environmental Compliance Unit, is the corporate focal point for maintaining an environmental information data base in the areas of air quality, water quality, meteorology, oceanography, solid waste (hazardous/toxic) and marine biology for use in projects, operations, claims and standards compliance. EED also provides technical assistance in environmental engineering to the corporation and helps develop Saudi engineers to become specialists in environmental engineering and other disciplines like marine biology and oceanography. The EED also conducts, coordinates, and monitors environmental studies and maintains, updates, interprets and develops environmental standards.

The EED's programs include: Air Quality, Meteorology, Tide Table/Tidal Analysis, Oceanographic Data, Marine Biology, Water Treatment and Wastewater Management, Hazardous Waste Management, Environmental Performance Assessment, Solid/Hazardous Waste Management, and Environmental Awareness.

Of particular interest in recent years, the discovery that halon (Halon 1301) has a high ozone depletion potential. The following information from industry sources highlight some of the reasons and recent actions as they relate to halon application restrictions:

"Scientists believe the destruction of stratospheric ozone has serious potential consequences. The ozone layer shields the Earth from harmful solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and any significant reduction in the amount of ozone could allow an increase in UV intensity at the Earth's surface. Scientists believe this could lead to long-term increases in related human diseases, as well as alterations in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

This growing evidence of ozone destruction has been a catalyst in mobilizing a global response, which culminated in September 1987, when the United States, the European Economic Community, and 23 other nations sighted the Montreal Protocol.




The Montreal Protocol is an agreement that restricts the production of halon and other ozone-depleting chemicals, including the entire family of CFCs. It originally limited only halon production to 1986 levels. A revision to the protocol in 1990 implemented a progressive reduction of halon production leading to a complete halt by the year 2000.

In November 1992, further changes to the Montreal Protocol were finalized in Copenhagen. Of paramount interest to the fire protection community is that the worldwide halon production phase out date has been changed from the year 2000 to January 1, 1994. At this time, some 87 nations have become signatories to this important international treaty."




GLOSSARY

ACE Automatic Control of Entry

CSD Consulting Services Department

DBSP Design Basis Scoping Paper

EED Environmental Engineering Division

ER Expenditure Request

ERA Expenditure Request Approval

ERC Expenditure Request Completion

GPM Gallons Per Minute

HAZOP Hazard and Operability Studies

I&EAD Industrial and Environmental Affairs Department

MEPA Meteorology and Environmental Protection Administration

P&CSD Process and Control Systems Department

PF&AD Programs, Forecasts and Analysis Department

SAES Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards

SAPMT Saudi Aramco Project Management Team

SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

SSD Safety and Security Directive

TEFC Totally Enclosed, Fan Cooled

SCIS Supreme Commission for Industrial Security




ADDENDUM

Section Page

ADDENDUM 1: EXECUTION PLAN FOR RECOMMENDED PREVENTIVE SAFETY-RELATED MEASURES TO AVOID CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS ON MAINTAINING POTENTIAL PROJECTS - 1................................................................. 25



ADDENDUM 1: EXECUTION PLAN FOR RECOMMENDED PREVENTIVE SAFETY-RELATED MEASURES TO AVOID CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS ON MAINTAINING POTENTIAL PROJECTS – 4................................................................ 28


ADDENDUM 1: EXECUTION PLAN FOR RECOMMENDED PREVENTIVE SAFETY-RELATED MEASURES TO AVOID CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS ON MAINTAINING POTENTIAL PROJECTS – 6................................................................ 30




ADDENDUM 1: EXECUTION PLAN FOR RECOMMENDED PREVENTIVE SAFETY-RELATED MEASURES TO AVOID CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS ON MAINTAINING POTENTIAL PROJECTS - 10............................................................... 34

ADDENDUM 1: EXECUTION PLAN FOR RECOMMENDED PREVENTIVE SAFETY-RELATED MEASURES TO AVOID CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS ON MAINTAINING POTENTIAL PROJECTS - 11 ....................................................................................... 35








ADDENDUM 2: THE HAZOP TECHNIQUE - 1............................................................ 40




ADDENDUM 3: SAEP-13, PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS - 1 ......... 44









ADDENDUM 3: SAEP-13, PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS - 10 ....... 53

ADDENDUM 3: SAEP-13, PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS - 11 ....... 54 ADDENDUM 3: SAEP-13, PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS – 12.......56




ADDENDUM 1: EXECUTION PLAN FOR RECOMMENDED PREVENTIVE SAFETY-RELATED MEASURES TO AVOID CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS ON MAINTAINING POTENTIAL PROJECTS - 1












ADDENDUM 1: EXECUTION PLAN FOR RECOMMENDED PREVENTIVE SAFETY-RELATED MEASURES TO AVOID CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS ON MAINTAINING POTENTIAL PROJECTS – 4








ADDENDUM 1: EXECUTION PLAN FOR RECOMMENDED PREVENTIVE SAFETY-RELATED MEASURES TO AVOID CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS ON MAINTAINING POTENTIAL PROJECTS – 6








































ADDENDUM 2: THE HAZOP TECHNIQUE - 1
















ADDENDUM 3: SAEP-13, PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS - 1













































Documents

Engineering Encyclopedia - docshare01.docshare.tipsdocshare01.docshare.tips/files/30626/306261720.pdf · including Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards, will be met in the design, construction,