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Engine.ppt - 1 of 20 Product Dissection 04/07/98 Engine Dissection You are dissecting a 3.5 HP single cylinder, 4 cycle engine, made by Briggs and Stratton in Milwaukee, Wisconsin These engines are typically used in lawn mowers, snow blowers, go-carts, etc (ref. 2, Used by permission of Briggs and Statton, ©1992, all rights reserved)

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Engine.ppt - 1 of 20

Product Dissection 04/07/98

Engine Dissection

You are dissecting a 3.5 HP single cylinder, 4 cycle engine, made by Briggs and Stratton in Milwaukee, Wisconsin

These engines are typically used in lawn mowers, snow blowers, go-carts, etc

(ref. 2, Used by permission of Briggs and Statton, ©1992, all rights reserved)

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Engine Module Contentsn Referencesn Historyn Engine Classificationsn Complementary Technologiesn Engine Operation Principlesn Fuel Delivery (carburetors and fuel injection)n Ignition Systemsn Manufacture and Materials Issues (under construction)

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

References1) “Why Internal Combustion ?”, Rudi Volti, Invention and

Technology, Fall 1990, pp 42-472) Briggs and Stratton Service and Repair Instructions for

single cylinder 4-cycle engines, 19923) Internal Combustion Engines and Air Pollution, Edward

Obert, Intext Education Publishers, New York, 19734) Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines, Richard

Stone, Macmillan, 1985.

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Classification of Engines

n External vs Internal Combustionn Spark Ignition SI or Compression Ignition CIn Configurationn Valve Locationn 2 Stroke or 4 Stroke

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Engine Configurations

Radial (Aircraft)

V(Automobile)

In Line(Automobile)

Horizontally Opposed (Subaru)

Opposed Piston (crankshafts

geared together)

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Valve Location

L Head(Briggs)

I Head(typical automobile engine)

Advantages:

Disadvantages:

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

History of IC Engines

1860 Lenoir’s engine (a converted steam engine) combusted natural gas in a double acting piston, using electric ignition

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History - continuedn 1876 Nikolaus Otto patented the 4 cycle engine, it

used gaseous fueln 1882 Gottlieb Daimler, an engineer for Daimler, left to

work on his own engine. His 1889 twin cylinder V was the first engine to be produced in quantities. Used liquid fuel and Venturi type carburetor, engine was named “Mercedes” after the daughter of his major distributor

n 1893 Rudolf Diesel built successful CI engine which was 26% efficient (double the efficiency of any other engine of its time)

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Complementary Technologies for IC Engine-powered Automobilesn Pneumatic tires (1888, Dunlop)n Cheap liquid fuels (Oil industry born in PA 1859) n Venturi effect carburetor (1892, Willi Maybach)n Variable mechanical transmission (primitive type by

Levassor, 1891)n Electric starter (Kettering 1912)

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Parts of an IC Engine

CROSS SECTION OF OVERHEAD VALVE FOUR CYCLE SI ENGINE

Name as many parts as you can

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Parts of an IC Engine

Air cleaner

Choke

Throttle

Intake manifold

Exhaust manifold

Piston ringsPiston

Wrist pinCylinder blockConnecting rod

Oil gallery to pistonOil gallery to head

CrankcaseCrankpin

Crankshaft

Cylinder head

Breather cap

Rocker armValve spring

Valve guidePushrod

Sparkplug

Combustion chamber

TappetDipstickCamCamshaft

Water jacketWet liner

Connecting rod bearing

Main bearing

Oil pan or sumpIf you scored:25 - 32 You are a certified Gear Head15 - 24 Change your own oil10 - 14 You really need this class

<10 Take your car to “Jiffy Lube”

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

4 Cycle Process

Intake StrokeIntake valve opens,

admitting fuel and air.Exhaust valve closed

for most of stroke

Compression StrokeBoth valves closed,Fuel/air mixture is

compressed by rising piston. Spark ignitesmixture near end of

stroke.

IntakeManifold

Spark PlugCylinder

Piston

Connecting Rod Crank

Power StrokeFuel-air mixture burns,increasing temperature

and pressure, expansionof combustion gases

drives piston down. Bothvalves closed - exhaust valve opens near end

of stroke

1 2 3 4

Exhaust StrokeExhaust valve open,exhaust products are

displaced from cylinder.Intake valve opens near end of stroke.

Crankcase

ExhaustManifold

Exhaust ValveIntake Valve

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Briggs Engine - Intake

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Compression

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Power Stroke

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Exhaust Stroke

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

2 Stroke Process

Compression(ports closed)Air Taken Into

Crankcase

Combustion(ports closed)

Exhaust(intake port closed)

Air compressed in crankcase

Scavengingand Intake

(ports open)

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Rotary “Wankel” Engine

Ref. Internal combustion engines and air pollution, E. F. Obert

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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Venturi-type Carburetor

P+1/2 ρV2 = ConstantBernoulli Effect:

Ref. Obert

Constant level is maintained in bowl -as float moves down, valve stem moves down, allowing more fuel into bowl, float moves up and closes valve

Valve StemFuel Inlet

Float

Metering Orifice

Throttle Plate

Air/Fuel Mixture To Engine

Choke Plate

Fuel Nozzle

Inlet Air

Bowl

Atomized Fuel

Venturi

ashwani.m
Sticky Note
http://www.mne.psu.edu/lamancusa/ProdDiss/Engine/engine.ppt#271,16,Exhaust Stroke
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Product Dissection 04/07/98

Fuel Injection (electronic, multi-port)

50 psi typical

Monitored Engine Operating Conditions:

Manifold PressureEngine Speed

Air TemperatureCoolant Temperature

Acceleration

COMPUTERTRIGGER

INJECTOR DRIVE UNIT

Pressure Regulator FuelFilter

Fuel Pump

FUEL TANK

Injectors