ENGIE Batteries Lab

Technical & Economic evaluation

of battery solutions27th November 2015

Rafaël JAHN

Technology Manager

Distr. Energy Mgmt & Batteries

Laborelec

Laborelec in a Nutshell

3

Our Collective Challenge

3

LABORELEC IN A NUTSHELL

4

The Research Center of ENGIE for the Electricity Value Chain

as member of the DRT family

Provider of Expert Technical Services in electrical power technologyExpert

services

R&

D

for ENGIE and third companies

for Power Plants, Grid Operators, Industry and End Users

Power Generation

Exchange & Storage

SustainableUse

Global presence, activities in more than 60 countries

Focused on high value delivery for its customers

Based on our Expert Competences and Research, we propose high-tech services

so as to maximize the value delivered to our customers.

00/00/2015

ENGIE Batteries Lab

Electrical EnergyStorage Systems

Mechanical Electrical Thermal Chemical

Time scale

Short Medium Long

• Supercapacitor

• SuperconductiveMagnetic Coil

• Pumped Hydro Power

• Compressed Air Energy Storage

• Flywheel

• ThermoelectricStorage

• Lithium-Ion Battery

• Lead-Acid Battery

•High Temperature Batteries

• Flow Batteries

•Hdyrogen Storage

•Natural Gas Storage

Energy storage technologies

Our Action Plan

1. Build new testing facilities for batteries (single cells / stacks / …)

2. Gain electrochemistry competences and experience on relevant batteries

technologies

3. Develop academic sponsorship worldwide with leading universities and

research institutes

4. Implement field pilots via collaborative projects

5. Assist in making Business cases all around the world

30/11/2015

The “ENGIE Batteries Lab”Develop Relations with both Worlds : Industrials and Researchers

7

1. Build Credibility – Ability to talk at level with suppliers, partners

2. Anticipate the evolutions of battery technologies in terms of cost

and performances – see through the supplier marketing

3. Choose and use the appropriate battery technology for a given

user case – keep the BU business case in mind

4. Create Engie technical specs – go beyond supplier guarantees

“STACK” TESTING:

Validate performances of mature

technologies before implementation

…

Batteries Lab Test Facilities: 3 Levels of Testing

“SINGLE CELL” TESTING:

Detect/validate new technologies at early

stage of the development cycle

Confront cells from established suppliers

with specific use cases

“RESIDENTIAL CONCEPT” TESTING:

PV+battery+inverter

DC and AC systems up to 90kW

Functionality and performance

PV system with direct connection to the

Smart Home Energy Lab

830/11/2015

30/11/2015

Approach depending on maturity of the Technology

30/11/2015

9

Batteries Lab Test FacilitiesAssessing Technologies and Startups

• First Field pilots and commercial projects

• World wide monitoring of demonstrators

• Test complete stacks on relevant business

cases

• Test of cells

• Collaborative projects with startups and

universities

Batteries Lab Test Facilities Integration of storage - “PV + Battery” Functionalities tested

21/04/2015 10

30/11/2015 11

Technical challengesImportant criteria for adoption of a battery technology

Somecriteria foradoption of a battery

Low cost

Safetyaspects

High performances

Available technologies or

technologies in development

Pb-acid

Li-ion (+ future)

Metal-ion

Metal-S

Metal-airRedox flow*

Liquid metal*

ZEBRA*

Achievable byPolymer electrolyte batteries

Ceramic electrolyte

Achievable byZn batteries

Na/Mg-ion batteries

Metal-S batteries

Achievable byMetal-S batteries

Metal-air batteries

Advanced Li-ion batt (5V, Si)

Technological barriers

Sulfur: low cycle life, dissolution electrolyte

Air: solve air electrode problems

Advanced Li-ion : solve electrolyte degradation,

volume expansion

Technological barriers

solve low conductivity issue and price

Technological barriers

Zn : dendrites

Na/Mg-ion : solve volume expansion

Sulfur: low cycle life, dissol electrolyte

1. Decreasing prices

— Many formats, from cell to container

— EV market

— Many factories built

— Overcapacity (organized)

2. Increasing value

— Mobility

— Storing solar energy, regulatory corrections

— Daily grid congestion, grid connection restrictions

— Intraday balancing, ancillary services

Economic challengesBattery Applications up and running?

30/11/2015 12

Safety

Life-time/ageing – cycling and backup

Self-discharge

Power & Energy density

30/11/2015

Decreasing prices: the recent main focus …and some related issues like

13

Cost

(€/kWh)

0

800

Pb-Acid

Na-ion

Li-ion

Zn-Air

400

2014

2020-2030 (?)600

200

Driver Segments

Tariff avoidance (incl.

cap. future schemes)

Off-grid

TOU arbitrage Wholesale

Back-up security Transmission &

Distribution

Wholesale arbitrage

Fuel saving

Ancillary services

DSM incentives

Network decongestion

Power Quality

Increasing Value: combination of use cases and context

21/04/2015 14

Major country dependance!

Small B2C – Auto-consumption Business caseDepending on regulatory context

00/00/2015 PRESENTATION TITLE ( FOOTER CAN BE PERSONALIZED AS FOLLOW: INSERT / HEADER AND FOOTER") 15

The Batteries Lab enables the business customer to become the best user of

batteries in every step of the value chain

Procurement

— How to combine EMS / inverter / BMS / Battery

— Specs for battery specific to the business case (lowest TCO)

— Test cells / stacks

Installation

— Grid integration (incl. Grid Code)

— Commissioning tests

Operational : Apply power plant know-how

— Monitoring: Performances and Early fault detection

— Model / monitor ageing behavior

30/11/2015 16

Getting realHow business can benefit ?

30/11/2015 17

Getting realA Rapidly Increasing interest within Business Units …

Assess startupJune 2014

Business caseBattery in R1

February 2015

Microgrid call for tenderAugust 2014

Battery backup For microgrid

April 2014

Identification andAssessment VC opportunities

June 2014

Batteries in business caseSeptember 2014

Pilot projectAugust 2014

Testing Li-IonBattery

2014 Mobile battery supply2015

Island energyDecember 2014Grid battery

February 2015

Pilot household BatteriesFebruary 2015

Grid batteryJanuary 2015

Grid battery for frequency regulation

January 2015

R1 reserve, nextto conventional plants

January 2015

Household batteryFebruary 2015

Batteries in wind park mandatory reserve power

Q4 2015

EV 2nd life batteries

Q2 2015

Standardised way of comparing quotes

Q2 2015

Thank you!Fascinating road ahead…

00/00/2015 PRESENTATION TITLE ( FOOTER CAN BE PERSONALIZED AS FOLLOW: INSERT / HEADER AND FOOTER") 18