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Energy Security in the context of EU Russian Energy Dialogue
Dr. Vladimir Voloshin
Three main factors of energy security
sustainable energy supplyadequacy energy supplyreasonable energy price
To ensure energy security, the
European Union proposes:
to diversify energy supply sources (expanding the range of foreign suppliers, using renewable energy sources);to promote energy-saving development;to develop cooperation with traditional energy suppliers, primarily with Russia.
For the European Union, the energy dialogue provides opportunities for:
access Russian energy resources, primarily oil and gas;creation conditions for diversifying energy imports;enhancing the sustainability of energy supply to the EU.
For Russia, the energy dialogue provides opportunities for: attracting investment in order to develop energy fields;recovering and modernizing the energy infrastructure;creating favorable conditions for the economy to move to an innovations- based development model;reducing market imbalances and obstacles to competition in the energy sector;paving the way for restructuring the energy monopolies.
Druzhba-Adria Pipeline
Russia-Europe Gas Pipelines
The main principles of fuel and energy transit include:
freedom of transit, non-discriminatory access to transportation infrastructure for energy transit;provision of the national transportation regime for fuel and energy transit;dispute settling procedure.
Eastern Direction of Russian Oil Export
Common Problems
Energy povertyTransparence, energy market predictabilityEnergy efficiencyEcology issies
Oil Production in Russia, mln. tonnes
398,8
354,9
317,6310,8
302,9 307,4 304,3 304,8
323,3
348,1
379,6
421,4
460470
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Gas Production in Russia, bln. cubic meters
583,9581,6
595,4
620,3
632,8
640,6
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Russian Oil Exports, mln. tonnes
108,5
129,2
96,2
26,1
127,6
16,6
186,4
22,2
173,5
39,9
0
50
100
150
200
250
1990 1995 2000 2003 2005
With exception of CIS CIS
Russian Gas Exports, bln. cubic meters
159,8
27,4
With exception of CIS
CIS
Russian Problems
Great gap between the rich the poorCriminalisation of economyLack of social securityNegative public opinion to big private property