Energy-Savings Basics For The Maritime Industry - Operational Measures

8/13/2019 Energy-Savings Basics For The Maritime Industry - Operational Measures

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Dr.GeorgeGougoulidis


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Voyageplanning

Slowsteaming Speedoptimization

Weatherrouteing

Justintime

Optimizedshaft

power

Optimumtrim

Optimumballast

Optimum

use

of

rudder

and

heading

control

systems

Hullmaintenance

Propulsionsystemmaintenance(engines,propellers)

Trainingofpersonnel


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It

can

encompass

other

measures

such

as

weatherrouteing,justintime,speed

optimization

Thereare

various

software

available

for

planningpurposes

Prevoyageanalysis&planning

Deployideal

vessel

to

each

route

Designbestroutes


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Planfor

Minimizingtime:recommendoptimumroutetomeetearliestarrivaltime.

Minimizing

fuel

consumption:

recommend

the

optimumrouteandpowertoarriveontimewith

minimumfuelconsumption

Minimizing

cost:

recommend

the

optimum

route

andpowertoarriveonthebasisofminimumcost

Enrouterealtimeupdates

Post

voyage

assessment

and

feedback


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Speed

optimization

vs speed

reduction Reducingshipspeedeffectivelyreducesfuel

consumption

Propulsionpower

vs.

speed

is

athird

power

relation

AstudyconductedbyIMOprovedthat

optimalspeed

reduction

is

between

10

20%

Costeffectivenessof10%superiorto20%


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Optimizationshouldbecarriedoutfortheoffdesign

conditions

Originallyexcellenthullforms,optimizedfordesignspeedanddraft,mayshowpoor

performance

when

sailing

at

lower

speeds,

especiallyin

apartial

loading

condition

Optimumspeedmeansthespeedatwhichthefuelusedpertonne mileisminimum

Itdoes

not

mean

minimum

speed

Sailingslowerthanoptimumspeedwillconsumemorefuel


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Slow

steaming

remains

controversial,

especiallywitholderenginesnotoriginally

designedforthepractice

However,it

remains

the

easy

solution

of

copingwithunfavorablemarketconditions

Overcapacity lowfreightrates slow

steamingwill

become

even

slower

and

even

moreprevalent


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Userealtimedataofthephysical

environmentto

choose

the

optimal

routethroughcalmareas

Weatherrouteing canbeappliedto

allship

types

and

trade

areas

Theincreaseofresistancecausedby

heavyweatherdependsonthe

current,

the

wind,

and

the

wave

size Theresistanceinheadseascan

increasebyasmuchas50100%ofthetotalshipresistanceincalm

weather


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Early

communication

with

port

authorities

to

ensuretheexacttimeofberthavailabilityand

planforoptimumspeedtoarrivejustintime


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Lessturnaroundtimeinportallowsforspeedreduction

while

underway

Appliestoshipswithscheduledoperations,suchasferriesandcontainervessels

Measuresfor

improvement

include:

Bettermaneuveringcapabilitiesoftheship

Increasedcargoflowbyusingsophisticatedship

systems,such

as

ramps,

lifting

equipment

Increasedcargoflowduetoimprovedportloading/offloadingsystems


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Theprovisionof

shoreside electricalpowertoashipat

berthwhileitsauxiliary

enginesare

shut

down


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Trimhasanimmediateeffectin

resistance Foranygivendraftthereisatrim

conditionthatgivesminresistance

Severalsystemsinthemarket

Collectdatafromthevessel'sautomationandnavigation

systemstooptimizetrim

GreenSteam Optimizer,Enirams

DynamicTrimmingAssistant,etc

Potentialsavingsupto4%


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Hull Regular

in

water

inspection

of

the

condition

of

the

hull

Monitoringofthefouling

Monitoring

of

the

coatings

condition Cleaningofthehullwhenrequired

Dockingintervalsplanning

Completeremovalandapplicationofnewcoatingsfor

reductionof

roughness

Propeller Usediverstopolishthepropellerinregularintervals

whileshipis inservice


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Physicalroughness

Macro

Welds

Corrosion

Platewaviness

Platelaps

Mechanicaldamage

Micro

Minorcorrosion

Steelprofile

Coatingscondition

Biologicalroughness

Macro

Animalfouling

Weedfouling

Micro

Slimefouling


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IncreaseinResistance@15kt IncreaseinResistance@30kt


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Inabsolutetermspropellerroughnessisless

importantthanhullroughness

Interms

of

energy

loss

per

unit

area

propeller

roughnessissignificantlymoreimportant


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Typicalcleaning

intervalsshould

be:

6monthsforpropellers

2monthsforhull

(dependson

coating

type)


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MeasuredwithRubert Scale

Underwatercleaning

can

smoothenthepropellerby2

gradesoftheRubert scale Frequent

propeller

cleaning

(every1or2months)canbe

easilydoneusingasoft

brushand

abrasives

EnoughtokeepapropelleratRubert GradeAorB


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Cleaning

takes

less

time

than

polishing Alargepropellercanbepolishedin~4h

Withregardtothefrequencyofpropeller

polishingthere

is

aconsensus

of:

little

and

oftenbyexperiencedandspecialized

personnel

Costof

propeller

cleaning

(brush

&

abrasives)

1520%lessthanfullpolishingwithgrinding

orpolishingdiscs


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Athermalapplicatormovingovertheunderwater

hull,delivering

athermal

shock

that

kills

all

bio

fouling

Thethermalshockiscreatedby'lowflow'hotsea

water


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Thedeadbiofouling

remainsattached

to

the

hulluntiltheshipis

underwayandremoved

bythe

accelerated

hydraulicforces

Noteffectiveonhard

foulingsuch

as

barnacles


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Followmanufacturersinstructionson

maintenanceschedule Conditionbasedmaintenance

Maintenanceis

performed

based

on

information

receivedbytheequipmentandonevaluationofthisinformationbyexperts


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Persuadethepersonnelofthenecessityofenergy

savings

Createacultureoffuelsaving,withanincentiveorbonusbasedonfuelsavings

Alterthe

routine

ShutdownACPlantwhentheweatherisgoodanduseonlytheblowers

Switch

off

lights

in

areas

such

as

cabins,

recreationrooms,messrooms,etc.whennotrequired

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Energy-Savings Basics For The Maritime Industry - Operational Measures