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Energy Production and Infrastructure Center (EPIC)
Dr. Johan H Enslin, FIEEE, PrEngDirector, Energy Production & Infrastructure Center (EPIC)
Duke Energy Distinguished Chaired ProfessorUNC Charlotte, NC, USA
[email protected]; http://epic.uncc.edu
Outline
• EPIC Overview and Development• Energy Infrastructure Challenges• Sustainable Transportation• Rail and Infrastructure R&D at EPIC
Charlotte Region – A Power Hub
• 260+ Energy‐related with 28,000 workers in energy sector• E4 Carolinas, an Energy Trade Association • 11,000 Power and Energy Engineers• 39 Power plants in the 16 counties, and 12 Nuclear reactors• Growing renewable energy portfolio• Several grid modernization initiatives• Change of generation mix towards natural gas
University of North Carolina Charlotte (UNCC)The Charlotte Research Institute (CRI)
• North Carolina's urban research university• Over 27,320 students with over 100,000 alumni• 80 Bachelor's, 64 Master’s and 21 Doctoral degree programs• www.uncc.edu and https://cri.uncc.edu/• One of 17 in UNC System (Responsible for 46 % of annual growth)
UNC System Partner InstitutionsNorth Carolina State UniversityUNC Chapel HillNorth Carolina A&T
Partner with Community CollegesRegional Universities International Universities
KIT, TU‐Vienna, US, etc.
University Research Park Institute
University Research Park
UNC CharlotteCharlotte Research Institute Campus
EPIC Background • EPIC was FOUNDED by the energy industry. • Industry needs energy talent for the future:
• Average age of professionals is 55+• Innovation in power industry – new skills• Economic Development
• Professional development and life‐long learning of employees
• Applied research needs for a safe, reliable, and sustainable energy future.
EPIC Goals
• Education• Educate Multi‐disciplinary Energy Students• Develop well‐balanced curriculums • Develop Energy Concentrations • Program development with regional universities
• Research and Development• Applied multi‐ disciplinary research in the energy field • Coordinate efforts with regional and global universities
• NCSU, Clemson, USC, Georgia Tech, UARK, • KIT (D), Stellenbosch (ZA), Birmingham (UK), etc.
• Economic Development• Creation of energy workforce pipeline• Grow jobs, vendors, suppliers of energy companies.• Incubation of energy related startup's• Outreach and leadership activities
EPIC Building• 200,000 ft2 , $ 76 M building
• Opened in Fall 2012• Unique LEEDs Gold Certified features. • Auditoriums, Classrooms & Conference rooms • Faculty and staff offices • Academic laboratories for Electrical & Computer and Civil & Environmental engineering
• Unique power and energy related laboratories:
• Flexible and Smart Grid power labs, • High bay structural lab and Environmental labs• Advanced Manufacturing lab and PV research ,• Smart Grid lab
• Laboratories and Offices for Industrial Partners • Conference and event facilities
EPIC Sponsors and Research Funding
The Pinnacle Forecast
EPIC – a successful Public Private Partnership
• State of North Carolina• Capital for building $ 76 M• 25 new Faculty and staff $ 4.5 M per annum• Operational budget $ 500 k per annum
• Industry Startup Funding & Support ‐ $ 19 M • Research and grants FY 2014
‐ 18 Direct EPIC Faculty Hires – $ 4.6 M ‐ 75 EPIC Associates ‐ $ 10 M
‐ Federal and State ‐ $7.5 M ‐ Industry Funded – $2.5 M
Energy Course Enrollment
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100
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700
2010‐2011 2011‐2012 2012‐2013 2013‐2014 2014‐2015
Num
ber o
f Stude
nts
FY2015
Civil Electrical Mechanical Systems
Research Funding
2011 2012 2013 2014Proposed $59,963,865 $49,335,669 $57,682,870 $69,945,827Awarded $6,658,069 $5,071,294 $9,474,797 $10,058,428Industry $729,554 $832,423 $1,332,929 $2,409,710
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Millions
Research Awarde
d
Millions
Research Propo
sed
Research Funding ofAll EPIC Associates
2014/15 EPIC Dashboard & Metrics• 75 EPIC Associates across five colleges• EPIC Associates funded around 180 graduate students• Provided 15 GRAs and 14 URAs to EPIC Associates• EPIC Associates targeted $69.9 M in research proposals
• EPIC Hires proposed $20.6M in research proposals
• $10.05 M research proposals awarded to EPIC Associates• EPIC Direct Hires awarded $4.6 M in research
• 5 new faculty hires and 3 post‐doc students• Start‐up support for 5 EPIC faculty members• Established 10 adjunct professor positions• 18 Student Exchanges with Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)• CAPER ‐ Southeastern Grid Modernization Center – Kicked off• Dedicated $2.2 M Siemens Manufacturing Solutions Lab.
2014/15 EPIC Dashboard and Metrics (2)• 16 EPIC Seminars including 2 Distinguished Lecture Presentations• Rolled out three executive education programs • More than 180 meetings with potential clients, project collaborators, tours for media and
industry, STEM outreach, NC policy makers, school teachers and international partners. • EPIC received recognition in 2014 Signs of Competitiveness Report • Urban Eden won USGBC 2014 Sustainable Business Award• CBJ Energy Leadership Award – Johan Enslin• Leadership on National Ash Management Advisory Board• EPIC delivered numerous keynote addresses at workshops and conferences• EPIC moderated and participated in numerous panel discussions• Energy Analytics Course awarded IIF Student Forecasting Award• Leadership in Smart Grid Panel Form sponsored by Duke Energy and AREVA• Energy focused CMS School launched in Fall 2014 with 100 students• EPIC grew existing online marketing strategy and created Twitter profile• EPIC Power and Energy Society (PES) student group growing members• Startups: SineWatts, Smart Charge and International Thermodyne• E4 Carolinas and CLT Joules moved into EPIC
EPIC Applied Research Clusters1. Large Power Component Design and Manufacturing – Dr. John Ziegert
• Siemens Large‐scale Manufacturing Solutions Lab• Large Component Metrology• Robotics and Welding Technologies
2. Power Infrastructure Development – Dr. David Young• High‐bay large‐structures laboratory • Power infrastructure design and testing • Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC)
3. Power Systems Modernization – Dr. Rudy Shankar• Duke Energy Smart Grid Laboratory – NSF MRI• Distribution Automation, Security and Microgrids• Electric Vehicle and Energy Storage Integration
4. Energy & Environment – Dr. Milind Khire • Beneficial utilization and recycling of waste streams • Spent fuels, coal ash, air quality, fracking fluids and water management• Materials Characterization Laboratory (MCL)
5. Renewables and Energy Efficiency –• Photovoltaic Technology Research Laboratory• Clean‐rooms with PV cell, module, inverter and LED process manufacturing• Off‐shore wind, biomass and small‐scale hydro technologies• Integration of renewables and energy efficiency measures
6. Energy Analytics and Markets – Dr. Badrul Chowdhury • Big Data Energy Analytics Laboratory (BigDEAL)• Distributed energy markets and operational research• Cyber and Physical Security of power systems • Energy Analytics, optimization, visualization and forecasting• Quality Assurance, Nuclear Safety, Regulatory, Policy, Standards
EPIC Focused Research Centers• Energy & Environmental Assistance Office (EEAO) – Ms. Regina Guyer
• EEAO collaborates through EPIC Associates and EPIC facilities with industry and agencies through technical services projects.
• Projects are executed on all the EPIC areas, including professional development
• Sustainable Integrated Buildings and Sites (SIBS) – Dr. Rob Cox• I/UCRC NSF Center with industry related research• PV integration in dense urban settings • Energy modeling for DSM, energy storage, and renewables• Natural and Built Site Design and Analysis (Green Buildings)
• Center for Advanced Power Engineering Research
(CAPER) ‐ Dr Johan Enslin• Integrate multi‐university research in grid modernization • Affiliates program with utilities, service organizations and vendors• Power Delivery, Utilization, Generation, Policy and Markets
Charlotte Engineering Early College High School (CEEC)
• Partnership with Charlotte‐Mecklenburg School System• Grades 9‐13 (500 students)• Students reported 8/25/14• STEM focus with energy
concentration
High‐bay Structures Laboratory
High‐bay Structures Laboratory
Educational and Research Activities Large‐scale structures testingModel validation, design improvementsStandard developments
Lab Equipment and ModulesTwo geotechnical pitsEnvironmental chambersMachining/fabrication shopTwo Westinghouse 30 Ton Cranes 3‐D Laser TrackerHigh‐bay 92’ x 47’ strong floor and 32’ tall strong wall
Test Bed forLarge‐scale structure design and testingEnvironmental and multi‐hazard loading impact analysis
Dr Youngjin Park
Education and Workforce Development:• Develop future power professionals• Real‐time system operations• Control center for EPIC power labs• Evaluate new grid technologies• Hardware in the loop education• Professional & Lifelong education• Hands‐on grid modernization training
Smart Grid Laboratory
Research & Economic Development: Emulation of power, control and IT Grid Modernization test‐bedIncubate new grid technologiesGenerator exciter test‐bedAttract grid companies Incubation evaluation
Dr Sukumar KamalasadanDr Yamilka Baez-Rivera
DESG Lab ‐ Capabilities
• Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) – 3 enhanced racks
• 32 core OPAL‐RT real‐time power simulator
• 90 kVA Ametek Grid Simulator and Amplifier
• 150 A with 120V, 208V, 480V 1&3 phase power supplies
• Amatek TerraSAS 10 kW PV Simulator
• High speed fiber connections between labs and server room
• Dedicated and secured private LAN for external data streams
• Raised floor access for power, communication and control cables
• 6 fast response large LCD Screens and image control
• Data storage devices and SCADA gateways
• Communications ‐ Private HP Server for data analytics
• HP X820, 16‐Core, Dual Processor Xeon Workstation
• Simulation tools including ‐ PSS/E; ETAP; EMTP‐RV;
• RSCAD; PSCAD; Hypersim, RTLAB, etc.
Duke Energy Smart Grid Lab.
Large‐scale Manufacturing Solutions Lab.
• Research Thrust Areas• In‐factory non‐contact spatial location technologies• Fiducial‐based manufacturing• Process integrated dynamic machine tool metrology• Enhanced model‐based dimensional metrology• Deterministic precision assembly• Welding, robotics and fabrication technology
• Facilities• Climate controlled space for large machines• Large 5‐axis machine tools, VTLs• Leitz large‐scale metrology• Large CMM, laser trackers, articulated arm CMMs • Portable non‐contact metrology sensors
Dr John ZiegertDr. Gert Goch
Photovoltaic Technologies Research Lab.• Educational and Research Activities:
• Design of high efficiency solar cells (Si, GaAs. GaN, InGaN etc)• Modeling of solar cells using 1, 2 and 3D computer programs, • Optical modeling using SUNRAYS computer program• Fabrication of high efficiency low‐cost solar cells
• Lab Equipment:• Wet chemistry bench for cleaning and texturing• Phosphorus & Boron diffusion furnaces• PECVD Silicon Nitride for AR coating deposition• Screen Printer for contacts application• Inline Contact firing furnace
• Characterization Tools:• PCD for minority carrier lifetime measurements• SUNS_VOC measurements system for contacts diagnostics• Light I‐V simulator to measure the cell efficiency• Four point probe station.• Internal quantum efficiency measurements system• Contact resistance measurements station
PECVD & diffusion furnaces
Contact firing furnaces
Solar Simulator
Dr Aba Ebong
Interactive power system educationInteractive drives and power electronicsLaboratory from US Didactic & FeedbackUnder- and Post Graduate Courses
System includes:Traditional and renewable generationTransmission and Distribution EmulatorEnergy storage and fuel cellsPower electronics and drivesT&D Protection & SCADA Smart energy meters
Dr. Benny Rodriguez-Medina
Power Systems Teaching Lab
EPIC Energy Analytics Laboratory (BigDEAL)
• Research areas:• Electric Load and Price Forecasting• Renewable resource forecasting and integration• Demand response analytics• Outage management analytics• Energy trading and risk management
• Certifications, Under‐ and Graduate courses• Introduction to Energy Systems• Energy Markets• Energy Systems Planning• Energy Analytics
• Facilities • Dedicated Visualization & Analytics Tools• Extensive SAS Energy and Forecasting Tools• Dedicated HP server• Real‐time data and analytics streams
Dr Tao Hong
Flexible Power LaboratoryLab allows test component and systems to be subjected to extreme boundary conditions with real variable voltages, currents and frequency.• Main functions of lab:
• De‐risking of power conversion, substation and distribution technologies • Testing with variable voltage and variable frequency grid emulator and dynamic load and resource emulation.
• Educational and research activities.
• Key Facilities:• Variable frequency / voltage research and test lab• 1.5 MVA, 480 V, 3 phase / 1200 A supply• Possible Medium Voltage: 12.4 kV / 200 A supply• Dielectric HV (150 kV) test bay• 690 V, 1 MVA Converter B‐t‐B test bay • High current (2 kA), low voltage test bed• Optic‐fiber link to Smart Grid Lab (# 1250)• 200 kW B‐t‐B Motor‐Generator dyno set – Drive testing
• Initial partners: Parker, ABB, DNV‐GL (KEMA)
Dr Madhav Manjrekar
Flexible Power Lab
Capability to test 7 scenarios as follows:
1. Baseline AC-AC System Testing2. AC-AC System Testing under Non-ideal Grid
Conditions3. AC-AC System Testing under Non-ideal Grid
Conditions with Power Recirculation4. Baseline DC-AC System Testing5. DC-AC System Testing with Power Recirculation6. AC-DC System Testing with Power Recirculation7. DC-AC or AC-DC System Testing under Non-ideal
Grid Conditions with Power Recirculation
Energy Security – E4
• Affordability• Cost & Price Volatility
• Availability • Resource and distribution
• Reliability• Supply , grid & intermittency• Storm Resiliency
• Sustainability• Emissions, CO2 , Waste• Water & land‐use
Energy
Environment Economy
Efficiency
Energy Infrastructure FACT Sheet
• USA Energy Infrastructure = “D+” (POOR) Grade
Power and Energy Infrastructure • Transmission line design and testing
• Compacting ROWs• Tower and foundation design • Model and design validation• Smart Sensors in infrastructure
• Foundations and ocean anchoring• Underground / sea HV(AC and DC) cabling• Large PV arrays and roof mounting systems• Green building and net zero design • Offshore power production• Power Plants – Nuclear Natural Gas, wind, solar, ..
Smart Transportation• High passenger EV fuel efficiency (> 100 MPGe)• Increased use of light‐rail, incorporating energy storage • Conversion and Infrastructure for Natural Gas Cars • Rail and EVs form key elements of Microgrids• Charging infrastructure
• Roads, parking, gas stations
Workforce Development• Average age of energy professionals > 55 years
• Recruit new talent to the industry • Skills transfer and training from other careers• Continued education and life‐long learning
• Aging infrastructure • Refocus on power infrastructure refurbishment• Duel purposing Right of Ways
• New required skills for professionals• Chemical power plants – EPA; CO2• Natural gas and fracturing• Grid ROW utilization – line compacting • Smart sensors in infrastructure – maintenance, • Cyber Security with infrastructure D&B
EPIC Sustainable Railway Initiative• Focus on multi‐disciplinary workforce development, applied research and economic development
• Curriculum additions for undergraduate/graduate credit
• Senior Design projects• Partnership with Centre for Railway Research
at University of Birmingham (UK)• Teams in IMechE Railway Challenge
• 3rd Place in 2014; 3 students participate in 2015• Professional education training
• 2015 distance education jointly with University of Birmingham in 2016
• Research program development• Wells Fargo Foundation for Rail Technology Park • Partnership with NC Transportation Museum Foundation
• Site available for training testing, and research projects• Connections with CATS and NC DOT Rail Division
Analysis, Modeling, and Testing of Insulators• Analysis = Correlation of various design approaches used by vendors for insulators subjected to simultaneous loads in 3 dimensions (3D)
• Modeling = Numerical (computational) evaluation of insulators subjected to 3D loading in order to investigate assumptions made during analysis. Assumptions address material properties, support conditions, load application, etc.
• Testing = Experimental (laboratory) verification of analysis techniques and assumptions with respect to actual field conditions
Experimental: Line Post Insulator Laboratory Test Setup
A Nondestructive Inspection (NDI) Tool for Power Poles at EPIC at UNC Charlotte• Assessment of current NDI technologies • Development of “hybrid” NDI technique that is low cost, consistent, and user friendly
• Evaluation of techniques in geotech pits in EPIC Hi‐Bay Lab
• Validation of techniques through in‐place, field analysis of poles
Experimental Testing in the EPIC Hi‐Bay Lab Geotechnical Pit
Circular Pit (Covered)
Power Pole Investigation ‐ Proposed Experimental Test‐bed in the Geotech Pit
10'
Basin for Sump Pump
Ø10'
Elevation View Plan View
3'2'
2'-4"
6'
Test Poles