Sustainability and social impact

Energy for Smart Cities Conference

Mario Abis

Estoril, November 30th, 2012

VALORI

Sustainability: a model for its social impact

1

ATTITUDE MIND-SET

FIG. 1

VALUES

BEHAVIORS

GENERAL CLIMATE

INFORMATION

Consumers’ confidence: major European countries

2 FIG. 2

A new sense of awareness

3

Simplified habits and reevaluation of immaterial goods

Eco-friendly attitude, not driven by a sense of responsibility

Creation of alternative circuits of exchange (fair-trade buying groups, local products, farmers markets, internet exchanges, etc. )

No cost moments: addition of a symbolic value, opportunities for local, ethnic, second hand and shared products.

FIG. 3

4

Rediscovery of small, simple, and affordable pleasures (gardening, cooking, gatherings with friends and family)

Authenticity, attention to well-being, and family ties.

Self caring: my friends, my family, my house, my pet, my internet.

Cocooning 2.0

Attention to what is familiar

the emotional investment is directed toward what is near, familiar, protective, and caring.

FIG. 4

What one purchases today acquires more value compared to what one would like to own

5

Privacy/Discretion vs obstentation

Use vs ownership of goods

Simplicity vs complexity

Useful vs superfluous

➔ Reaching mental tranquillity at “low costs” (regressive small pleasures)

➔ Searching for what can withstand the instability caused by the crisis (job stability, habitation...)

FIG. 5

Consumers’ choices tend to be “elective” and not “exclusive”

6

The main intervention strategies are:

“the same but less”: consumers become more frugal (however, without sacrifices), they condense their purchases and avoid waste (e.g. products without packaging, focused purchases of food items, etc.) and they buy less from large retail organizations

“the same for less”: consumers reorganize their free time and look for the same brands at better prices (comparing different prices at different retail stores, purchasing on weekly sales days, consulting the internet)

“less worth more”: facing the necessity of revising their purchasing policies, consumers look for an extra symbolic value: local products, fair-trade, organic farm shares, fair-trade buyer groups, etc.

THE SAME BUT LESS

THE SAME FOR LESS

LESS WORTH MORE

FIG. 6

Values associated with the concept of sustainability

7 FIG. 7

20,7

12,4

11,9

9,2

9,2

8,4

8,2

7,9

3,4

3,1

2,7

1,3

1,1

0,4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Nature preservation

Future

Authenticity

Nature

Rationality/Common sense

Respect for humanity

Health

Social welfare

Tradition

Altruism

Love

Competition

Past

None of the above

Source: Università IULM, Milan, study on youngs 18 to 30 year-olds

Sustainability: which sensible impacts?

WHICH TRANSFORMATIONS?

WHAT KIND OF IMPACTS?

MEDIA CONVERGENCE

SMART CITY

ENERGY

8 FIG. 8

The opinions on alternative energy sources (%)

13

19

19

57

68

69

69

70

15

21

24

26

22

22

22

21

12

17

17

11

6

6

6

7

60

44

39

6

4

4

3

2

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Funding of renewable energy is a useless waste of public resources that would be better used elsewhere

Renewable energy will never be able to replace traditional energy

Renewable energy is popular, but its use will never solve the pollution problem

Traditional fossil fuels (oil, coal) are the main responsible agents for pollution

Renewable energy sources can be a solution to the problems of pollution

Renewable energy should be supported by governmental incentives so that everybody can benefit from it

It's necessary to focus more on saving energy in order to solve pollution problem

Green economy can be an opportunity for economic development

How much do you agree with the following statements? Base: Italy = 1000 – Data%

Strongly agree Agree Disagree Stronly disagree

9 FIG. 9

Behaviors directed toward energy efficiency

35

39

45

51

62

44

32

36

32

28

18

20

16

12

8

3

8

3

4

2

1

1

1

1

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

I operate appliances during the hours of lower consumption (evening, night, weekend)

I completely shut down the appliances (tv, stereo, etc.) when I'm not using them

I'm careful not to waste water

I check that doors and windows do not stay open when it's not necessary

I use energy efficient light bulbs

How often do you do the following? Base: Italy = 1000 – Data %

Always Most of the times Sometimes Never, almost never No answer

10 FIG. 10

Propensity to purchases

34

28

32

41 38

41

10

15 12

5 6

4

11 14

12

Solar panels for production of electrical energy

Innovative technology AC unit with heat pump

Solar panels for water heating

Are you thinking of installing in your house/apartment any of the following items at some point in the near future?

Base: Italy = 1000 – Data %

Definitely Probably Probably not Definitely not I don't know

11 FIG. 11

The behaviors of Italians in relation to energy

As it is showed by a 2011 study promoted by Legambiente, Editoriale La Nuova Ecologia and Kyoto Club, and presented at Quarto Forum QualEnergia, the obstacle to the development of renewable energy, at least in Italy, is the lack of information, in particular regarding:

the possibilities of its use (64%);

the reliability of plants and systems (62%);

the actual environmental advantages (55%).

12 FIG. 12

Milan and the model of Smart City SMART ECONOMY – innovation and economic development

SMART MOBILITY - infrastructures

It’s an innovative, competitive, and creative city which can adapt to changes

6,7 The city is well connected to other major cities in Italy and abroad

7,4

The city has a strong entrepreneurial spirit and a diffused entrepreneurship

6,7 It is easy to move whithin the city and reach any location

6,9

The city has an international atmosphere 7,0 The city is provided with good technological infrastructures (internet, digital, etc.)

6,6

SMART PEOPLE – education, integration, culture SMART LIVING – quality of life

The city offers high quality cultural events 7,0 Healthcare and social service systems are efficient and of high quality

6,9

The education system is good and efficient 6,7 Residents are open to the integration of foreigners

5,4

The level of education of the residents is higher than the national average

6,5 Residents are supportive of each other 5,4

The residents are generally interested in the way municipal administration operates

5,8 In the city it is possible to find housing of decent quality at reasonable prices

4,3

SMART ENVIROMENT – quality of the environment

The quality of the environment (air, water, parks) of the city is high

4,9

Source: Makno research for CityLife, Cuori di Milano, 2012

FIG. 13

13

The ranking of priorities

40,1

23,6

16,8

14,3

5,1

24,3

18

18,8

20,6

1,3

Quality of life (welfare)

Quality of the environment

Education and culture

Innovation and economic development

Infrastructures

1° Place

2° Place

Summary chart, derived by the overall study of stated priorities

Source: Makno research for CityLife, Cuori di Milano, 2012 FIG. 14 14

Signs of change in the social forms

FIG. 15

New forms of territory:

cities become great metropolitan areas

New forms of family: roles are

changing

Multiculturalism

Shifting from a linear fruition of

the media to multi-channels

and flaw channels

Mobility (house-workplace and

relocation)

15

The forms of the territory: metropolitan areas in Europe

Density of urban population in Europe in 2008 . Institut d'Estudis Regionals i Metropolitans de Barcelona

16 FIG. 16

The forms of TIME change

Time, from rigid and structured, becomes fluid.

changes in the mechanisms of regulation

[increase in freedom]

changes in the connotative attributes

changes in the value attributed

to time

17 FIG. 17

The transitory places of the interstitial time of mobility

In the organizational networks of everyday life, along with spatial and temporal “units”, the connections between various units – the paths that bring us from a place to another - become central as well.

1

FIG. 18 18

How many and who are the potential convergents?

19

16 million people (Dec.2011)

Estimate for June 2012 17,2 milion

Males 8,8 mil 55%

Females 7,2 mil

45%

4,6

3,0 3,0

5,4

North-West North-East Center South

Mill

ion

s

1,5

3,5

4,9

3,2

2,0

0,9

15-18 19-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-65

Mill

ion

s

Source. ConMe 2011

28,8% 18,6% 18,7% 33,8% 9,5% 21,7% 30,5% 19,9% 12,7%

5,8%

FIG. 19

20 Base: employed people and students, 82,5%

Average duration in minutes: 30

PEOPLE WHO COMMUTE

82,5%

DO NOT COMMUTE

17,5%

13.200.000

Profiling of the mobility of the potential convergents

Base: total sample, 100%

FIG. 20

89,7%

6,5% 1,2% 2,6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

100%

at least 4/5 days per

week

2/3 days per week

1 day per week

less than 1 day per week

11.840.000 people

Behavior of the potential convergents

21

54.3% of the potential convergents

use a smartphone

72% of them use it for media experiences during their

typical day (39% of the universe).

10.7% of the potential convergents

use a tablet

50% of them use it for media experiences during

their typical day (5.3% of the universe)

Smartphone

Tablet

67.5% of the potential convergents

use a notebook

73% of them use it for media experiences during their

typical day (49.1% of the universe).

Notebook

FIG. 21

Sustainability: which sensible impacts?

WHICH TRANSFORMATIONS?

WHAT KIND OF IMPACTS?

MEDIA CONVERGENCE

SMART CITY

ENERGY

22 FIG. 8

Three levels of sustainability

FIG. 22

SUSTAINABILITY AS SMART CITY

SUSTAINABILITY AS LIFE-STYLE

SUSTAINABILITY AS INFORMATION SYSTEM

23