Energy Environment & Sustainable Development Thematic Network on Energy in the Built Environment Building components and the Energy Performance Directive

Energy Environment & Sustainable DevelopmentThematic Network on Energy in the Built Environment

Building components and the Energy Performance Directive

Dr. ir. Peter Wouters Belgian Building Research Institute

ENERBUILD workshop Budapest 24 January 2003


Structure of the presentation

Background for the presentation

Why in 2003 discussions on Energy Performance Regulations?

What are the challenges?

Information from SAVE ENPER project

Conclusions


Background for the presentation

Work in relation to EPD and national regulations Coordination of EC SAVE ENPER project

Work in Belgian context Proposal for Flemish regulation and support for other regions

IEA HYBVENT work Task leader on assessment hybrid ventilation in S&R

EC RESHYVENT work Task leader on standardisation and regulation

Kyoto Buildings network Network ‘animator’


Energy efficiency and indoor climate :Evoluation during the last 20...30 years In seventies :

due to oil crisis, strong interest in energy conservation– Thermal insulation– Efficient boilers

Approach in regulations : minimum requirements with respect to thermal insulation minimum requirements for efficiency of boilers




Approach in regulations : minimum requirements with respect to thermal insulation minimum requirements for efficiency boilers requirement on net heating demand of buildings

Later on : attention for passive solar energy free gains




Later on : attention for passive solar energy free gains

Approach in regulations : Energy Performance Regulations

Mainly in nineties : Summer comfort, visual comfort, air quality Total energy use : domestic hot water, fans, renewables

Today : many regulations focus on total primary energy use with

attention for indoor climate conditions

PLEIADE dwelling Louvain-La-Neuve

Thermal insulation of foundations


10

15

20

25

30

8/1 8/2 8/3 8/4 8/5 8/6 8/7 8/8 8/9 8/10 8/11

[°C

]

Extérieur Salon Bibliothèque Coin repas

Outside

Living, bedroom and kitchen

Summer temperatures in 1997

10 days

Very importa

nt for d

esigning and

assessing (innovativ

e)building envelopes


Europe standards and regulations

Standards : Construction Product Directive (CPD - 1989) Streamlining of procedures in national standards Major role for CEN, CENELEC, EOTA,…

Regulations : Energy Performance Directive (EPD - 2003) Minimum requirements for member states with

respect to energy performance requirements No major role for specific European organisation



Article 1 : Objective The objective of this Directive is to promote the improvement of

the energy performance of buildings within the Community, taking into account outdoor climatic and local conditions, as well as indoor climate requirements and cost-effectiveness.

This Directive lays down requirements as regards: the general framework for a methodology of calculation of

the integrated energy performance of buildings; the application of minimum requirements on the energy

performance of new buildings; the application of minimum requirements on the energy

performance of large existing buildings that are subject to major renovation;

energy certification of buildings; and regular inspection of boilers and of air-conditioning systems in

buildings and in addition an assessment of the heating installation in which the boilers are more than 15 years old.


Artile 3 : Adoption of a methodology

Member States shall apply a methodology, at national or regional level, of calculation of the energy performance of buildings on the basis of the general framework set out in the Annex. Parts 1 and 2 of this framework shall be adapted to technical progress in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 14(2), taking into account standards or norms applied in Member State legislation.

This methodology shall be set at national or regional level.

The energy performance of a building shall be expressed in a transparent manner and may include a CO2 emission indicator.


The methodology of calculation of energy performances of buildings shall integrate the following aspects:

(a) thermal characteristics of the building (shell and internal partitions, etc.). These characteristics may also include air-tightness;

(b) heating installation and hot water supply, including their insulation characteristics;

(c) air-conditioning installation;

(d) ventilation;

(e) built-in lighting installation (mainly the non-residential sector);

(f) position and orientation of buildings, including outdoor climate;

(g) passive solar systems and solar protection;

(h) natural ventilation;

(i) indoor climatic conditions, including the designed indoor climate.


The positive influence of the following aspects shall, where relevant in this calculation, be taken into account:

(a) active solar systems and other heating and electricity systems based on renewable energy sources;

(b) electricity produced by CHP;

(c) district or block heating and cooling systems;

(d) natural lighting.


Article 5 : New buildings

Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that new buildings meet the minimum energy performance requirements referred to in Article 4.

For new buildings with a total useful floor area over 1 000 m², Member States shall ensure that the technical, environmental and economic feasibility of alternative systems such as: decentralised energy supply systems based on renewable

energy, CHP, district or block heating or cooling, if available, heat pumps, under certain conditions,

is considered and is taken into account before construction starts.


Article 6 : existing buildings

Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that when buildings with a total useful floor area over 1 000 m² undergo major renovation, their energy performance is upgraded in order to meet minimum requirements in so far as this is technically, functionally and economically feasible.

Member States shall derive these minimum energy performance requirements on the basis of the energy performance requirements set for buildings in accordance with Article 4. The requirements may be set either for the renovated building as a whole or for the renovated systems or components when these are part of a renovation to be carried out within a limited time period, with the abovementioned objective of improving the overall energy performance of the building.


Article 7 : Energy Performance Certificate

Member States shall ensure that, when buildings are constructed, sold or rented out, an energy performance certificate is made available to the owner or by the owner to the prospective buyer or tenant, as the case might be. The validity of the certificate shall not exceed 10 years.

The energy performance certificate for buildings shall include reference values such as current legal standards and benchmarks in order to make it possible for consumers to compare and assess the energy performance of the building.

The certificate shall be accompanied by recommendations for the cost-effective improvement of the energy performance.


Percentage (%) of building stock constructed after 1970 (data for most countries period 1970-1995)

Source : EC (1998)


Effective rated output?

20 – 100 kW(non-renewable liquid or solid fuel)

Member states must lay down the necessary measures

to establish a regular inspection

>100 kW

In general : inspection at least every 2 years

Gas boilers :This period may be extended to 4 years

Older than 15 years?

1. Member states must lay down the necessary measures to establish a one-off inspection of the whole heating system 2. Based on this inspection, (including assessment of boiler efficiency and boiler sizing compared to heating requirements of the building), experts shall provide advice to users on replacement of boilers, other modifications to heating system and on alternative solutions

Article 8 : Inspection of boilers


EPD long term priorities

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

EPD limit date certification (option article 15)

Timing for implementing Directive by member states

EPD limit date national implementation 4 January 2006

EPD medium term priorities

EPD approved Published 4 January 2003

What is the present situation?


International collaboration in relationto Energy Performance Regulation :

SAVE-EnPeR project(2001-2003)

The SAVE-EnPeR project aims :

to set up a platform for information exchange,

to systematically collect and analyse these approaches and

to develop suggestions for a ‘model code’.


Identified tasks in SAVE-ENPER

B1 : EP calculation procedures

B2 : Approaches for dealing with innovative concepts

B3 : Legal context for and practical implementation of EP legislation

B4 : Applicability on existing buildings

B5 : Impact of EP regulation on the building and technology market

B6 : Source book ‘best practice concepts’ and model building code

B7 : Website

B8 : Seminars

B9 : Identification of priority areas for further action

2001 2002 2003

B1 : calculation procedures

B2 : Innovative concepts

B3 : Legislation

B4 : Applicability existing build.

B5 : Impact on market

B6 : Building model code

B7 : Website

Meetings

B8 : Seminars

Timing of seminars and tasks…

June 18 - Brussels

November 12 - Paris

March 6 - Athens

September 18 - London

February 3 - Delft


What does EPR coverWhat does EPR cover

17 countries 7 5 3

Calculation related aspects(J.C. Visier)


SSILIL

A1 B1 C3 D3NONO E2

UKUK A1 B2 C2 D2 E3

DKDK A1 B3 C2 D1 E2

AA A1 B3 C1 D1 E3

SPSP A1 B3 C1 D1 E2

PTPT A1 C1 D1 E2

NLNL A1 B3 D1 E2C2

CHCH A1 B3 D1C1 E1

GRGR A1 B3 D1 E1C2

DD A1 B3 C2 D2 E3FRFR A2 C1 D1 E2BB A2 E2C2 D2FIFI A1 B2 C1 D1 E1

B2

SISI

A1 E2B3 C3A1 B2 C3 D3

D3E1

A1 B3 D2

DesignDesignCalculCalcul

CheckCheckDesignDesign

DuringDuringConstrConstr..

UponUponDeliverDeliver

AfterAfterConstrConstr..

E3C1D2

D2

C2

Leg

al aspects

(M. S

antam

ou

ris)


Ver

tica

l ac

tivi

ties

Horizontal activities

Generalphilosophy

Strategy - ContactsDG’s, CEN, EOTA, ...

Dissemination(website, newsletter, conferences)

Product databases(concepts, coordination,..)

Global consistencymanagement

Software

EPR calculationprocedures Energy certification Legal aspects

Ad

van

ced

fa

cad

es

an

d w

ind

ow

s

Ad

van

ced

ve

ntil

atio

n

Inte

llig

en

t lig

htin

g

Op

era

tion

al p

erf

orm

an

ces

of

HV

AC

He

at

pu

mp

s

PV

an

d r

en

ew

ab

les

Ind

oo

r cl

ima

te

Inte

liig

en

t co

ntr

ol

Bo

iler

test

ing

AC

te

stin

g

Database ofEnglish doc. (+ FR? GE?)

Economics

Sustainable energy

Studies on compliance of regulationNetworking

Existing buildingsincl. renovations Validation of EP proceduresEP for market support

Loans, subsidies, ...Education

Required activities(just a list of examples…)

There

clearly is

a need fo

r

European/in

tern

ational c

oordinatio

n

Key challenge

To defragment the European

pre-normative and pre-legislative research

on sustainable energy performances of buildings

Energy Environment & Sustainable DevelopmentThematic Network on Energy in the Built Environment© J. Vyncke

“Monolithic”Partners known at outset

Tasks identified

Budget known

“Incremental” participationTasks identified

Budget known

Not all partners are in

“Incremental”funding

Objectives known

Technology roadmap

Tasks to be completed

Budget to be changed

Participants as well

IntegratedProjectsKyoto Build

ings Platform

is under p

reparation


Conclusions

Implementing an approach as required in EPD seems very logical in present context

Such implementation is challenging but, if well prepared and coordinated, feasible

An EPR clearly offers new opportunities for the building industry and should lead to increased quality of buildings at reasonable additional cost

We hope to achieve increased European collaboration

Documents

Energy Environment & Sustainable Development Thematic Network on Energy in the Built Environment Building components and the Energy Performance Directive