Energy &Electricity Generation

How do we produce electricity using different energies?

Energy

• What do you think of when you hear the word “energy”?

Energy

• Definition- the ability to do work over a period of time

• Cannot be created or destroyed– What does that mean?

• Can be converted from one form to another

Conservation of Energy

• How can we conserve energy?

• Where can we conserve energy?

• Is it really that important?

Types of Energy

• Potential Energy- Stored energy

• Kinetic Energy- Energy of motion

Forms of Energy

• Mechanical Energy- Energy generated by machines or mechanisms

• Chemical Energy- Energy generated by chemicals or a chemical reaction

• Nuclear Energy- Energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom

• Gravitational Energy- Energy of position or place (ie. Rock on top of a hill, hydropower)

Forms of Energy

• Electrical Energy- Movement of electrical charges

• Radiant Energy- Electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves (ie. Solar energy, visible light)

• Thermal Energy- Internal energy in substances (ie. Geothermal, heat)

• Motion Energy- Movement of objects from one place to another

• Sound- Produced when a force causes an object or substance to vibrate

Electricity

Electricity

• Electricity is the flow of electrical power or charge.

• It is a secondary energy source which means that we get it from the conversion of other sources of energy, like coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear power and other natural sources, which are called primary sources.

• The energy sources we use to make electricity can be renewable or non-renewable, but electricity itself is neither renewable or non-renewable.

http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energyfacts/sources/electricity.html

Electricity ExerciseWebsite

• Circuit and Conductors Website

• Circuit- Closed/Open

• Cells

• Conductors

• Insulators

Voltage, Current, and Restistance

• Current- rate of flow of electrons

• Voltage- force that causes the current to flow

• Resistance- refers to properties that stop the flow of electrons

Symbols of Schematics

M

Solar Car Schematic

Anatomy of a Wire

Conductor (Copper wire)

Insulator (Plastic coating)

How A Generator Works

The Atom Of Technology

Protons (+)

Neutrons (neutral)

Electrons (-)

Fossil Fuels

Nuclear Electricity Generation

Coal, Oil, Natural Gas, Trash

• How Electric is Created by Fossil Fuels

• How Electricity is Transmitted

• Electricity is generated by the same basic method, turning a generator.

Renewable Energies

Renewable WaysHydropower Generation

Wind Generation

Wind ContinuedVertical Axis Turbine

Wind ContinuedHorizontal Axis Turbine

Geothermal- Heat from the Earth

Solar Cells

Solar Collection/ GenerationSolar Cell

Solar

Solar Cell Construction

Typical Use for Solar Energy

Solar Cars

Solar Cars

• We will be making a solar car for our next project.

• This project is a problem solving engineering project.

• You will be given a series of parts to compile together into a working model of a solar car.

Simple Machines

• Gears- have straight teeth and are mounted on parallel shafts

• Used to provide power or torque to a particular shaft

• Also used to transfer mechanical energy from one shaft to another