Sout

heas

t Flo

rida

Soc

iety

of E

nerg

y Pr

ofes

sion

als

Fort

. Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Sept

embe

r 26,

200

1

Ener

gy, E

cono

mic

s,En

ergy

, Eco

nom

ics,

and

Indo

or A

ir Q

ualit

yan

d In

door

Air

Qua

lity

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Bu

ildin

g Sy

stem

s Sci

entis

tA

dvan

tek

Con

sulti

ng, I

nc.

www.advantekinc.com

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

IAQ

and

Ene

rgy

Effic

ienc

y❏

Som

e en

ergy

effi

cien

cy m

easu

res

can

resu

lt in

IAQ

pro

blem

s.V

AV

with

fixe

d sy

stem

out

door

air

flow

redu

ctio

n in

OA

/ e

xhau

st a

irflo

w ra

tes

extr

eme

tem

pera

ture

set

back

s❏

Som

e IA

Q im

prov

emen

t mea

sure

s ca

nin

crea

se e

nerg

y co

sts.

rais

ing

OA

flow

and

/or e

xhau

st fl

owin

stal

ling

high

-effi

cien

cy fi

lters

cont

rolli

ng h

igh

hum

idity

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Prev

enti

ng a

nd S

olvi

ng IA

Q P

robl

ems

❏W

hich

IAQ

tech

nolo

gy is

bes

t?❏

Wha

t is t

he ca

use o

f the

IAQ

conc

ern?

❏W

hat i

s the

bes

t way

to fi

nd a

solu

tion?

“Sim

ply

put,

the

best

solu

tion

is th

e on

e th

atpe

rman

ently

solv

es th

e ro

ot c

ause

of t

he IA

Qpr

oble

m a

t the

low

est p

ossi

ble

cost

.”

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Sym

ptom

atic

vs.

Rea

l Sol

utio

ns❏

Prob

lem

s of

ten

wor

sen

or re

surf

ace

follo

win

g sy

mpt

omat

ic tr

eatm

ents

.ca

rbon

filte

rs o

r ozo

ne to

redu

ce o

dors

port

able

deh

umid

ifier

s or

spa

ce h

eate

rs

❏Id

entif

icat

ion

of th

e R

oot C

ausa

tive

Fact

ors

lead

s to

a p

erm

anen

t sol

utio

nan

d lo

wer

ene

rgy

cost

s.Be

gin

with

an

inve

stig

atio

n to

det

erm

ine

the

sour

ce o

f con

tam

inan

ts, a

mpl

ifica

tion/

incu

batio

nsi

tes,

and

path

way

s to

the

occu

pant

s.

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Cont

amin

ant S

ourc

es❏

Build

ing

Mat

eria

ls a

nd F

urni

shin

gsad

hesi

ves,

pho

toco

pier

s, n

ew c

arpe

t , w

et o

r dam

p ca

rpet

,ca

bine

try

or fu

rnitu

re m

ade

of c

erta

in p

ress

ed w

ood

prod

ucts

, fre

sh p

aint

, asb

esto

s-co

ntai

ning

insu

latio

n, ..

.

❏C

lean

ing

and

Mai

nten

ance

Che

mic

als

❏H

VA

C S

yste

ms

biol

ogic

al c

onta

min

ants

, det

erio

rate

d fib

ergl

ass d

uct l

iner

,co

olin

g to

wer

s, d

rain

pan

s, c

onde

nsat

e le

aks

❏C

ombu

stio

n So

urce

soi

l, ga

s, w

ood,

and

toba

cco

prod

ucts

❏O

utdo

or S

ourc

espe

stic

ides

, veh

icle

exh

aust

, spo

res,

pol

len,

ozo

ne, r

adon

...

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Biol

ogic

al C

onta

min

ants

❏ba

cter

ia, m

olds

, mild

ew, v

iruse

s, an

imal

dan

der,

dust

mite

s, co

ckro

ache

s, po

llen

❏C

onta

min

ated

HV

AC

syst

ems a

re b

reed

ing

grou

nds f

or b

iolo

gics

and

can

read

ilydi

stri

bute

spor

es a

nd to

xins

.❏

Biol

ogic

s nee

d hi

gh m

oist

ure,

mod

erat

ete

mpe

ratu

re, a

nd a

food

supp

ly.

❏By

con

trol

ling

rela

tive

hum

idity

the

grow

th o

fbi

olog

ics c

an b

e m

inim

ized

.

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

The

Dir

ty D

ozen

(*ene

rgy

fact

ors)

1. C

arpe

t tha

t is

not r

egul

arly

ste

am c

lean

ed2.

Cei

ling

Tile

s th

at a

re w

et3.

Con

dens

ate

Dra

in P

ans

with

sta

ndin

g w

ater

4. *

Low

Effi

cien

cy F

ilter

s an

d Fi

lter B

ypas

sing

5. *

Fres

h Ai

r Am

ount

that

is to

o lit

tle o

r too

muc

h6.

Fre

sh A

ir In

take

nea

r con

tam

inan

t sou

rces

7. *

Coi

ls th

at a

re n

ot c

lean

or r

egul

arly

cle

aned

8. *

Leak

ing

or n

on-e

xist

ent d

ucts

9. P

ondi

ng o

f rai

n w

ater

on

roof

or g

roun

d10

. Coo

ling

Tow

er n

ear f

resh

air

inta

kes

11. *

Deh

umid

ifica

tion

Cap

acity

that

is in

adeq

uate

12. *

Unc

ontro

lled

Airfl

ow in

to B

uild

ing

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

9 of

12

are H

VAC

fact

ors

*6 o

f 9 a

re E

nerg

y fa

ctor

s

1. C

arpe

t tha

t is

not r

egul

arly

ste

am c

lean

ed2.

Cei

ling

Tile

s th

at a

re w

et3.

Con

dens

ate

Dra

in P

ans

with

sta

ndin

g w

ater

4. *

Low

Effi

cien

cy F

ilter

s an

d Fi

lter B

ypas

sing

5. *

Fres

h Ai

r Am

ount

that

is to

o lit

tle o

r too

muc

h6.

Fre

sh A

ir In

take

nea

r con

tam

inan

t sou

rces

7. *

Coi

ls th

at a

re n

ot c

lean

or r

egul

arly

cle

aned

8. *

Leak

ing

or n

on-e

xist

ent d

ucts

9. P

ondi

ng o

f rai

n w

ater

on

roof

or g

roun

d10

. Coo

ling

Tow

er n

ear f

resh

air

inta

kes

11. *

Deh

umid

ifica

tion

Cap

acity

that

is in

adeq

uate

12. *

Unc

ontro

lled

Airfl

ow in

to B

uild

ing

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Whi

ch a

re th

e R

eal S

olut

ions

?

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

They

boi

l dow

n to

3 S

olut

ion

Type

s

❏❏So

urce

Con

trol

Sour

ce C

ontr

olEl

imin

ate

or c

ontr

ol th

e so

urce

s of p

ollu

tion

❏❏Ve

ntila

tion

Vent

ilatio

nD

ilute

and

exh

aust

pol

luta

nts t

hrou

ghou

tdoo

r air

ven

tilat

ion

❏❏A

ir C

lean

ing

Air

Cle

anin

gRe

mov

e po

lluta

nts t

hrou

gh p

rove

n ai

rcl

eani

ng m

etho

ds

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Vent

ilatio

n❏

ASH

RAE

Stan

dard

62.

2n (p

ublic

revi

ew 9

/24/

01)

❏Tw

o O

A re

quir

emen

ts: P

eopl

e +

Are

aO

ffice

s, H

otel

s, A

udito

rium

s, C

ourt

room

s:5

cfm

per

per

son

+ 0.

06 c

fm p

er s

quar

e fo

ot.

Cla

ssro

oms:

10

cfm

per

per

son

+ 0.

12 c

fm p

er s

q ft

❏M

inim

um E

xhau

st R

ates

❏“A

ir-cl

eani

ng d

evic

es fo

r ozo

ne sh

all b

epr

ovid

ed w

hen

the

expe

cted

one

hou

rav

erag

e co

ncen

tratio

n is

abo

ve 0

.16

ppm

”

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Berr

i Pat

ch M

elbo

urne

Bea

chIn

door

Hum

idity

Tre

nd

404550556065707580

10:01 AM

2:01 PM

6:01 PM

10:01 PM

2:01 AM

6:01 AM

10:01 AM

2:01 PM

6:01 PM

10:01 PM

2:01 AM

6:01 AM

10:01 AM

2:01 PM

6:01 PM

10:01 PM

2:01 AM

6:01 AM

10:01 AM

2:01 PM

6:01 PM

10:01 PM

2:01 AM

6:01 AM

10:01 AM

2:01 PM

Tim

e of

Day

[Mar

ch 2

6-30

, 200

1]

Relative Humidity [%]Vent

ilatio

n Ef

fect

iven

ess

Ber

ri Pa

tch

Mel

bour

ne B

each

Fres

h Ai

r / V

entil

atio

n Tr

end

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

10:01 AM

2:01 PM6:01 PM

10:01 PM2:01 AM

6:01 AM10:01 AM

2:01 PM6:01 PM

10:01 PM

2:01 AM6:01 AM

10:01 AM2:01 PM

6:01 PM10:01 PM

2:01 AM6:01 AM

10:01 AM2:01 PM

6:01 PM10:01 PM

2:01 AM6:01 AM

10:01 AM2:01 PM

Tim

e of

Day

[Mar

ch 2

6-30

, 200

1]

Carbon Dioxide Level [ppm]

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Pres

suriz

atio

n❏

Exha

ust o

utflo

w le

ss th

an O

A in

flow

❏K

eeps

out

door

con

tam

inan

ts o

ut❏

Min

imum

0.0

3 to

0.0

5 in

.wg

(7 to

12

Pa)

❏D

iffer

entia

l cfm

dep

ends

on

tight

ness

❏D

efin

e ai

rflo

w b

etw

een

build

ing

zone

s❏

Pred

ict z

one

pres

sure

s us

ing

softw

are

❏Te

st, a

djus

t & b

alan

ce u

pon

inst

alla

tion

❏C

ontr

ol v

ia a

irflo

w tr

acki

ng o

r dP

sens

or

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Filtr

atio

n❏

52.2

Effi

cien

cy R

atin

gPo

llen,

Dus

t Mite

sM

ERV

-4M

old,

Spo

res

MER

V-8

Som

e Ba

cter

iaM

ERV

-12

Smok

e, T

oner

MER

V-1

6V

irus

es -

HEP

A

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Ozo

ne G

ener

ator

s❏

Mar

kete

d to

rem

ove

odor

s and

con

tam

inan

ts -

prov

en fo

r wat

er, c

an b

e m

isle

adin

g fo

r air

❏O

zone

is a

toxi

c ga

s with

vas

tly d

iffer

ent

toxi

colo

gica

l pro

pert

ies

from

oxy

gen.

❏O

zone

Exp

osur

e Li

mits

- O

SHA

, NIO

SH,

FDA

, EPA

are

0.0

5 to

0.1

0 pp

m to

avo

idre

spir

ator

y ir

rita

tion

or lu

ng d

amag

e.A

t the

se le

vels

, ozo

ne h

as li

ttle

pot

enti

alto

rem

ove

indo

or a

ir c

onta

min

ants

.❏

Dos

age

is c

ritic

al

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

❏O

zone

reac

ts v

ery

slow

ly (w

eeks

to m

onth

s) w

ith s

ome

pollu

tant

s fo

und

in in

door

air

.O

zone

reac

ts w

ith “

new

car

pet o

dor,”

but

pro

duce

sm

ore

alde

hyde

s an

d re

sults

in h

ighe

r VO

C le

vels

.O

zone

reac

ts w

ith th

e to

bacc

o ar

omat

ic A

crol

ein.

Ozo

ne d

oes

not r

emov

e pa

rtic

ulat

es s

uch

as p

olle

n.❏

5x to

10x

OSH

A le

vel n

eede

d to

con

trol

air

born

e fu

ngi

and

bact

eria

, a h

ealth

con

cern

if p

eopl

e ar

e pr

esen

t.❏

Som

e ge

nera

tors

can

pro

duce

0.1

2 to

0.3

0 pp

m u

nder

cert

ain

cond

ition

s (r

ated

500

to 4

000

mg

per h

our)

.

Ozo

ne G

ener

ator

s

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Ultr

avio

let L

ight

❏Sh

ort-w

avel

engt

h (U

VC

)th

ree

UV

wav

elen

gth

rang

es a

re: U

V-C

, fro

m 1

00na

nom

eter

s (n

m) t

o 28

0 nm

; UV

-B, f

rom

280

nm

to 3

15nm

; and

UV

-A, f

rom

315

nm

to 4

00 n

m

❏U

VG

I - U

ltrav

iole

t Ger

mic

idal

Irra

diat

ion

deac

tivat

es th

e D

NA

of b

acte

ria,

vir

uses

and

mol

ds a

nd th

us d

estr

oys t

heir

abi

lity

tom

ultip

ly a

nd c

ause

dis

ease

❏Pr

oven

ver

y su

cces

sful

for w

ater

dec

onta

min

atio

n

❏ K

ey is

Dos

age

= In

tens

ity x

Dur

atio

n

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

An

IAQ

-EN

ERG

Y-H

VAC

Link

❏Ex

cess

hum

idity

and

poo

r mai

nten

ance

lead

s to

mic

robi

al c

onta

min

atio

n.❏

Biol

ogic

s ca

use

mos

t IA

Q p

robl

ems

in h

ot &

hum

id c

limat

es s

uch

as F

lori

da.

❏H

VA

C s

yste

ms

[sho

uld]

con

trol

hum

idity

.

The

mos

t ene

rgy

effic

ient

hum

idity

con

trol

stra

tegi

es c

ost 6

0-70

% le

ss to

ope

rate

than

the

mos

t com

mon

leas

t effi

cien

t met

hod

(reh

eat).

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Esti

mat

ing

Ener

gy C

osts

❏U

sing

rehe

at fo

r deh

umid

ifica

tion

incr

ease

sen

ergy

cos

ts b

y ab

out 2

5%.

Ener

gy e

ffici

ent

met

hods

can

low

er c

osts

by

15%

to 2

0%.

❏Ea

ch 1

000

cfm

of f

resh

air

cost

s ~$

1000

per

yea

r❏

Filte

r pre

ssur

e lo

ss o

f ½-in

ch re

quire

s 0.

1 hp

per

1000

cfm

and

cos

ts $

50 p

er y

ear.

MER

V-11

filte

rre

plac

emen

t cos

t is

$30

to $

60 p

er y

ear.

❏U

VC e

nerg

y co

st p

er 1

000

cfm

is $

25 p

er y

ear.

Jack

sonv

ille

FL, 1

kW

/Ton

, EER

12,

$0.

071

per k

Wh,

24/

7 - 8

760

hour

s

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Phas

ed D

iagn

osti

c A

ppro

ach

❏C

lass

ific

atio

n of

Sol

utio

ns in

to a

five

-leve

l sys

tem

❏Lo

wes

t cos

t mea

sure

s ar

e th

e fi

rst t

o be

con

side

red

❏M

ost e

xpen

sive

opt

ions

are

trea

ted

as a

last

reso

rt

“...p

rovi

des t

he fr

amew

ork

for a

con

sist

ent,

cost

-ba

sed

met

hod

of d

evel

opin

g an

d im

plem

entin

gth

e be

st so

lutio

n fr

om a

mon

g nu

mer

ous m

utua

llyex

clus

ive

poss

ibili

ties.”

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

5-Ph

ase

App

roac

h

Rep

lace

men

ts

Addi

tions

Mod

ificat

ions

Adju

stm

ents

Prev

enta

tive

Kee

p C

onta

min

ants

Out

Opt

imiz

e Se

tting

s

Opt

imiz

e Eq

uipm

ent

Rem

ove

and

Upg

rade

Impr

ove

Cap

abili

ties

Increasing CostIncreasing Cost

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Hum

idit

y-R

elat

ed IA

Q P

robl

ems

❏Bi

olog

ics c

an m

ake

you

snee

ze, t

rigg

er a

llerg

icre

actio

ns, c

ause

rash

es, w

ater

y ey

es,

hoar

sene

ss, c

ough

ing,

diz

zine

ss, l

etha

rgy,

brea

thin

g pr

oble

ms,

and

dige

stiv

e pr

oble

ms.

❏Fu

ngi a

nd b

acte

ria

find

moi

stur

e an

dno

uris

hmen

t in

HV

AC

sys

tem

coi

ls, d

ucts

,an

d co

olin

g to

wer

s.❏

Exce

ss s

pace

hum

idity

allo

ws

mic

robi

algr

owth

on

ceili

ng ti

les,

wal

l pap

er a

nd in

carp

et.

Cle

anin

g an

d re

plac

emen

t is c

ostly

.

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Hum

idit

y-R

elat

ed D

esig

n Pr

acti

ces

❏M

uch

of th

e U

.S. i

s out

side

of t

he h

ot &

hum

idcl

imat

e re

gion

.❏

Requ

ired

fres

h ai

r flo

w ra

tes w

ere

grea

tlyin

crea

sed

in 1

989

to im

prov

e IA

Q.

❏K

ey H

VA

C sy

stem

deh

umid

ifica

tion

prac

tices

date

bac

k to

the

very

ear

liest

day

s (c.

193

5)❏

Incr

ease

d R-

valu

es a

nd li

ghtin

g ef

ficie

ncie

sha

ve re

duce

d th

e se

nsib

le c

oolin

g lo

ad.

For t

hese

and

man

y ot

her r

easo

ns, H

VA

Csy

stem

s of

ten

do n

ot a

dequ

atel

y de

hum

idif

y.

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

‘Top

10’

Des

ign

War

ning

s

1. C

onst

ant o

r unc

ontro

lled

outs

ide

air f

low

2. O

utsi

de a

ir fra

ctio

n gr

eate

r tha

n 20

%3.

Hig

h ef

ficie

ncy

light

ing

syst

em4.

Hig

h R

-val

ue ro

of a

nd w

indo

ws,

sha

ded

site

5. C

ompl

ex fo

otpr

int w

ith m

any

join

ts6.

Num

erou

s w

all a

nd ro

of p

enet

ratio

ns7.

Lar

ge e

xhau

st fa

ns o

r exh

aust

hoo

ds8.

Equ

ipm

ent o

vers

ized

for r

apid

coo

l-dow

n9.

Var

iabl

e or

unp

redi

ctab

le o

ccup

ancy

10. S

uspe

nded

cei

ling

used

as

retu

rn a

ir pl

enum

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Com

preh

ensi

ve A

ppro

ach

❏In

door

Air

Qua

lity

Build

ing

Educ

atio

n an

dA

sses

smen

t Mod

el (I

-BEA

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oftw

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k en

ergy

, mai

nten

ance

and

IAQ

cos

tsD

ocum

ent,

trac

k an

d im

prov

e pr

oduc

tivity

Refin

e pr

even

tive

mai

nten

ance

pro

gram

for I

AQ

Bette

r man

age

hous

ekee

ping

ser

vice

s fo

r IA

QTr

ack

an in

door

air

qua

lity

audi

tPr

ovid

e do

cum

enta

tion

that

the

build

ing

isfo

llow

ing

IAQ

bui

ldin

g pr

actic

esRe

duce

liab

ility

exp

osur

e fr

om IA

Q c

ompl

aint

s

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Goo

d IA

Q is

Cru

cial

❏C

usto

mer

Com

fort

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ted

with

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ss re

venu

e❏

Empl

oyee

Pro

duct

ivity

18%

of r

etai

l em

ploy

ees

have

IAQ

com

plai

nts

❏Lo

wer

Ene

rgy

Cos

tsRe

duci

ng e

xpen

ses

dire

ctly

incr

ease

s pr

ofit

mar

gin

For

Exa

mpl

e, sa

y gr

oss s

ales

are

$20

mill

ion

per

year

for

a re

tail

busi

ness

.Pa

yrol

l is 1

0% o

f thi

s am

ount

($2

mill

ion)

, ene

rgy

cost

s are

1%

of t

his

amou

nt ($

200,

000)

and

net

ear

ning

s are

5%

($1

mill

ion)

.

IAQ

mea

sure

s cou

ld r

educ

e en

ergy

cos

ts b

y 10

% (s

avin

gs o

f $20

,000

per

year

), an

d m

ay a

lso

incr

ease

em

ploy

ee p

rodu

ctiv

ity b

y 2½

% ($

50,0

00 p

erye

ar) d

ue to

impr

oved

com

fort

, hea

lth, a

nd c

usto

mer

per

cept

ion.

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

IAQ

Man

agem

ent S

oftw

are

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Cas

e St

udie

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e St

udy

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ess

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

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uded

:M

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Wat

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:A

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nt h

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.

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

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ale,

Flo

rida

Case

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dy #

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r

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nt 7

0-76

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n

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Mic

hael

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est,

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., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

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ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

1: “

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utio

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side

Air

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poi

nt 7

0-76

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Spac

e A

ir72

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Exha

ust F

an

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NIT

1

AC U

NIT

2

Elec

tric

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Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

1: “

Rea

l Sol

utio

n”

Out

side

Air

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poi

nt 7

0-76

F

Spac

e A

ir72

F

Exha

ust F

an AC U

NIT

1

AC U

NIT

280

-85

FD

ew p

oint

55-

60 F

<50%

rh

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2: C

ount

y Li

brar

y

❏Sy

mpt

oms I

nclu

ded

Hum

idity

of 7

0-90

%rh

Mol

d G

row

th o

n Bo

oks

Hig

h In

cide

nce

of W

orke

r Illn

ess

❏A

pha

sed

diag

nost

ic a

ppro

ach

was

use

d to

deve

lop

solu

tions

at e

ach

cost

leve

l.❏

Proj

ect s

avin

gs o

f $11

0,00

0 pl

us $

40,0

00 p

erye

ar in

ene

rgy

savi

ngs

com

pare

d w

ith th

epr

opos

ed d

esic

cant

pre

-con

ditio

ners

.

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2: C

ount

y Li

brar

y

❏Fi

ndin

gs:

Cei

ling

retu

rn p

lenu

m v

ente

d to

out

door

sEx

cess

, con

tam

inat

ed o

utsi

de a

ir fl

ow ra

teLo

w-e

ffici

ency

filte

rsM

old

grow

th o

n til

es a

nd ro

of tr

usse

sTh

ick

fung

us g

row

ing

in c

oolin

g co

ilA

ir b

ypas

sing

filte

rs --

filte

rs to

o sm

all

Glu

e fu

mes

from

boo

kbin

der

Low

deh

umid

ifica

tion

capa

city

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2: M

oldy

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ling

Tile

s

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2: M

oldy

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ling

Ret

urn

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num

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2: M

oldy

Coo

ling

Coil

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2: M

old

Nea

r Fre

sh A

ir In

take

s

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2: M

old

in R

oof P

onds

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2: C

oolin

g To

wer

Nea

r Int

akes

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2: T

ower

Wat

er C

onta

min

ated

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2:

❏Se

aled

retu

rn p

lenu

m fr

om o

utdo

ors

❏C

lean

ed a

nd sa

nitiz

ed c

oil a

nd A

HU

❏C

lean

ed ro

of a

nd c

oolin

g to

wer

❏In

stal

led

MER

V-1

1 pl

eate

d fil

ters

❏Re

pair

ed e

xhau

st fa

n ov

er b

ookb

inde

r❏

Book

s cle

aned

or r

epla

ced

I. P

reve

ntat

ive

Mea

sure

s

RES

ULT

:+

Hum

idity

leve

ls d

ropp

ed to

55-

80%

rh (f

rom

70-

90%

)+

Few

er c

ompl

aint

s, s

ome

mol

d gr

owth

con

tinue

d

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2:

❏Se

t out

side

air

flow

to p

rope

r am

ount

❏Re

set T

XV s

uper

heat

set

ting

❏Se

t fan

spe

ed a

nd c

fm to

des

ign

spec

II. A

djus

tmen

ts

RES

ULT

:+

Hum

idity

leve

ls d

ropp

ed to

50-

70%

rh+

Few

er c

ompl

aint

s an

d no

new

mol

d gr

owth

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

Case

Stu

dy #

2:

❏In

stal

led

auto

mat

ic d

ampe

r on

outs

ide

air

inta

kes t

o cl

ose

whe

n un

occu

pied

❏In

stal

led

occu

panc

y se

nsor

s to

cont

rol

book

bind

er a

nd re

st ro

om e

xhau

st fa

ns❏

Inst

alle

d tr

ansf

er g

rille

s bet

wee

n bi

ndin

g ar

ea,

offic

e, a

nd s

tack

are

as

RES

ULT

:+

Hum

idity

leve

ls d

ropp

ed to

50-

60%

rh+

Com

plai

nts

subs

ided

III.

Mod

ifica

tions

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

IAQ

Pro

ject

s ca

n pa

y fo

r the

mse

lves

PRO

JEC

T SA

VIN

GS

AND

CO

STS

SA

VIN

GS

% S

AVED

C

OST

AR

OR

PAY

BAC

K

ENER

GY

SAVI

NG

PR

OJE

CTS

CH

ILLE

R V

ARIA

BLE

SPEE

D D

RIV

E $

10,

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$ 5

0,00

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4%

5.0

yrs

SUPP

LY F

AN V

ARIA

BLE

SPEE

D D

RIV

ES

24,

971

12%

50,4

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2.9%

2.

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PU

MP

VAR

IABL

E SP

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DR

IVE

4

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2.

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2,8

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8

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PRO

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R

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287,

160

9.3%

5.

0

Mic

hael

K. W

est,

Ph.D

., P.

E.Se

ptem

ber 2

6, 2

001

For

t Lau

derd

ale,

Flo

rida

MA

IN P

OIN

TS❏

The

best

sol

utio

n pe

rman

ently

sol

ves

the

root

cau

se o

fth

e IA

Q p

robl

em a

t the

low

est p

ossi

ble

cost

.❏

Sym

ptom

atic

sol

utio

ns a

re ra

rely

per

man

ent o

nes.

❏Re

al s

olut

ions

ofte

n pr

ovid

e th

e ad

ded

bene

fits o

flo

wer

ene

rgy

cost

s an

d in

crea

sed

prod

uctiv

ity.

❏Th

e be

st s

olut

ion

can

be id

entif

ied

with

a p

hase

ddi

agno

stic

app

roac

h.❏

IAQ

pro

ject

s ca

n pa

y fo

r the

mse

lves

with

ene

rgy

savi

ngs.