Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change Scott Finlinson
& Liz Ortiz Bringing Hands-on Energy Conservation into the
Classroom through Performance Contracting Slide 2 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 1 Energy related capital
improvements paid from energy and operating cost savings Guaranteed
performance Improvements without capital Leverage operating budget
Cash flow positive transaction How it works Energy Performance
Contracting Slide 3 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 2
Building Changes New Lighting Systems and Controls Water
Conservation Computer Controls Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs)
Slide 4 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 3 Uncommon
Energy Conservation Measure The People Side of Performance
Contracting Holistic Approach PC is a Green Opportunity ECTBC:
Awareness-Communication Activities Custom-Tailored Behavior Change
Program Longitudinal Assessment - Human Energy Factors Slide 5
Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 4 Your School Name Here
is Becoming a GREENSCHOOL So Why am I here talking with you? Slide
6 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 5 Your ECMs New
Lighting Systems and Controls Energy Management System Water
Conservation Window Replacement Solar Pool Heater Insulated Roof at
Keystone Field House Weatherization Steam Trap Repair Infiltration
Control Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change Slide 7 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 6 People Changes Awareness,
Communication, Sustainability Energy Conservation Measures Slide 8
Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 7 Significant Energy
Savings Annual Projected Energy Reductions: Electricity = 2.5 M kWh
Water/Sewer = 605 kGals (605,000 gallons) Slide 9 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 8 Saving 2.5 Million kWh of
Electricity Annual Emissions Avoided: 2,958,665 lbs CO 2 4,261 lbs
NO X 15,587 lbs SO X Slide 10 Energy Conservation Through Behavior
Change 9 2.5 M kWh GHG Equivalencies CO2 emissions from the
electricity use of 178 homes for 1 year or Carbon sequestered
annually by 305 acres of pine forests or CO2 emissions from burning
7 railcars worth of coal
http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/calculator.html
Slide 11 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 10 VA Energy
Source to Make Electricity Slide 12 Energy Conservation Through
Behavior Change 11 4,391,498 Lbs of CO 2 (saved every year) Equals:
- The CO 2 emitted by burning 226,101 1 gallons of gas - A Toyota
Prius could drive around the world 417 times -A Semi Truck
(18-wheeler) could drive around the world 45 times -Planting 453 1
acres of trees (~1 2/5 KU campuses) -The Production &
Consumption of 457,931 2 Cheeseburgers KU Carbon Footprint
Equivalencies 1
http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/calculator.htmlhttp://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/calculator.html
2
http://openthefuture.com/cheeseburger_CF.htmlhttp://openthefuture.com/cheeseburger_CF.html
Slide 13 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 12
GREENGrowing 6 th Grade Students Slide 14 Energy Conservation
Through Behavior Change 13 Bringing Neighbors Together After school
workshops on organic agricultural training Urban youth in Buffalo,
NY. work community gardens Green collar neighborhoods in Detroit
Slide 15 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 14 Green Roofs
Sydney, Australia Slide 16 Energy Conservation Through Behavior
Change 15 Vertical Garden Madrid, Spain Slide 17 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 16 GREENVEHICLES Lets talk
about fuel today 7 th Grade Students Slide 18 Energy Conservation
Through Behavior Change 17 A Few Alternative Fuels Biomass
Biodiesel or Bioalcohol Non-fossil methane or gasElectricity
Batteries Fuel CellsHydrogen All Have Positives & Negatives
Slide 19 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 18 Wattage
Display vs. Slide 20 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 19
Behavior Change Program Different From Organizational Interventions
Energy Consumers arent directly at risk or benefit Different From
Homeowner Interventions Consumers arent directly responsible for
energy costs Consumers often dont receive feedback on org.
consumption, never on individual consumption Requires Unique Skills
and Assets New to Energy Service Companies Slide 21 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 20 What is Unique
Custom-Tailored for Every Client Comprehensive assessment guides
program components Augment existing green initiatives
Social-Cognitive SUSTAINABLE Change Baseline audit, pre-
post-assessment, repeat Use existing mechanisms where possible
Continuous support and subsequent implementations NOT just
Awareness - NOT a Competition - NOT Software NOT the Energy Police
Slide 22 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 21 Translate
Research Results into Practice Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen
& Fishbein, 1980) Reasons Theory (Westaby & Fishbein, 1996)
Social Marketing (Kotler & Zaltman, 1971) Finlinson
Dissertation (Ohio University, 2003) Slide 23 Energy Conservation
Through Behavior Change 22 Intervention Process Identify the Target
Audience (consumes most) Identify the Target Behaviors (voluntary)
*Identify Factors Driving the Target Behaviors* Change Undesirable
Factors through Intervention Assess Program Effectiveness, Modify,
Repeat Slide 24 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 23
Identify Factors Driving the Target Behaviors Q. Why dont you turn
off the lights? Q. Why dont you turn off the lights? A. Because the
dorm is haunted. A. Because the dorm is haunted. Slide 25 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 24 Identify Factors Driving
the Target Behaviors Q. List reasons why you do/do not conserve? A.
I turn ON the AC when I leave and OFF when I return because I dont
like the noise. Slide 26 Energy Conservation Through Behavior
Change 25 Identify Factors Driving the Target Behaviors Q. List
reasons why you do/do not conserve? A. I turn ON the fan when I
leave and turn it OFF when I return because I dont like the breeze.
Slide 27 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 26 Identify
Factors Driving the Target Behaviors Q. List reasons why you do/do
not conserve? A. I turn on the faucet full blast when I tinkle to
make cover noise. Slide 28 Energy Conservation Through Behavior
Change 27 Identify Factors Driving the Target Behaviors Q. List
reasons why you do/do not conserve? A. It is my right to use as
much energy as I want. I paid for it. Slide 29 Energy Conservation
Through Behavior Change 28 Objective Pilot Results - Electricity
KWH 2002 2003 2002 2003 Residence Halls With ECI Residence Halls
Without ECI Slide 30 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 29
Objective Pilot Results - Water Kgals 2002 2003 2002 2003 Residence
Halls With ECI Residence Halls Without ECI Slide 31 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 30 UMW Behaviors Survey Data %
Increase: 29% 33% 11% 18% 4% 1% 7% 6% 2% + 12.33% Average Behavior
Change Slide 32 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 31
Kutztown Pilot Study Meter Data Slide 33 Energy Conservation
Through Behavior Change 32 First-Year & Second-Year Comparison
Year 1 Pre/Post Change +12.3% Year 2 Pre/Post Change +4.2% Year 1
vs. 2 Post Change +9 % Target Behaviors +18.5% Slide 34 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 33 Surveys-to-Meters
Correlations = 38 gals and 1.12 kWh per student per week $61K
utilities 240 metric tons of CO 2 ~ 12.33% Slide 35 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 34 4 Components of
Environmental Initiative 1. 1. Reduce Behavior change 2. 2. Reuse
Retrofit buildings 3. 3. Recycle/Compost Increase effectiveness 4.
4. Dispose Trash, landfills, waste storage or incineration Slide 36
Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 35 Trayless Dining =
Reduce Reduce water use to clean trays Reduce energy used to heat
the water Reduce dish detergent, sanitizer, chemicals Reduce food
waste Reduce trash to landfill Reduce dining services workload
Reduce manufacture of new trays Reduce carbon footprint Reduce
impact on environment Slide 37 Energy Conservation Through Behavior
Change 36 Reduce Costs and Waste In 2008: ARAMARK audits 186,000
trayless meals @ 25 institutions On average: 25-30% reduction in
food waste 1.21.8 ounces less food per person per meal 1/3 to 1/2
gallons water avoidance per tray Reduced cleaning agents and waste
removal Slide 38 Energy Conservation Through Behavior Change 37
Specific Reduced Costs and Waste SDSU ~$0.23 cents per meal in raw
food cost Upgraded menu: more fish, organic salad bar, atmosphere U
Maine = 46 lbs food per person per year Saved $57,000 Grand Valley
State = 56 lbs food p.p.p.y. Saved $79,000 Slide 39 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 38 LEED ID Points Union
Kempsville School and the History of Energy Conservation
LEED-Building Occupant Behavior Internship or Co-OP Program
Geo-Thermal as Job Prep for an HVAC Occupation Slide 40 Energy
Conservation Through Behavior Change 39 Were All Climate Connected
- GHG
