Energy Conservation at Home

8/2/2019 Energy Conservation at Home

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Energy Conservation

At Home


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How Energy can be saved at Home

Solar Energy

Wind Energy

Biogas Energy


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The energy that is produced from sun is known as solar

energy.

The Suns energy comes from nuclear fusion reaction that

takes place deep in the sun, where hydrogen nucleus fuse into

helium nucleus.

When such a reaction takes place then tremendous amount of

energy is produced which is escaped into the space.

About 15% of suns energy is absorbed by earths atmosphere,

some part is absorbed by earths surface and rest is reflected

back to space.

SOLAR ENERGY


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Use of solar energy for domestic purposes:-

Fig (1) solar cooker


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Solar PVthe basics

How do solar panels work?


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Stand-alone Photovoltaic Systems (SPS)

1. solar panels

2. controller

3. battery

4. appliances


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Hybrid Photovoltaic Systems (HPS)

1. solar panels

2. inverter

3. battery4. grid

5. appliances


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Grid-connected Photovoltaic Systems (GPS)

1. solar panels

2. inverter

3. grid4. appliances


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Wind TurbineA wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind

into mechanical energy.

Types

Horizontal axis

Vertical axis design

Twisted Savonius


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Off-Grid Wind-Electric Systems

Wind-Electric System with Battery Backup

Battery less Grid-Tied Wind-Electric System

Wind-Electric System Types


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Off-Grid Wind-Electric Systems


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Wind-Electric System with Battery

Backup


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Battery less Grid-Tied Wind-Electric

System


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Biogas

Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by the biologicalbreakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.

Organic waste such as dead plant and animal material, animal feces,and kitchen waste can be converted into a gaseous fuel calledbiogas.

Typical composition of biogasCompound Methane CH4 5075%

Carbon dioxide CO2 2550%

Nitrogen N2 010%

Hydrogen H2 01%

Hydrogen sulphide H2S 03% Oxygen O2 00%

A biogas plantis the name often given to an anaerobic digester thattreats farm wastes or energy crops.


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Types of biogas plants

The fixed- dome type of biogas plant

The floating gas holder type of

biogas plant


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Floating Dome type Biogas Plant


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An outline of fixed dome biogas plant

Detailed structural design of fixed dome biogas plant


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Biogas Plant

20 m3/day Capacity Biogas Plant installed at IIT Delhi


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5 hp Engine

for 1.5 Hrs.

Cooking for

16 Person

Mantle lamp (100 C.P.)25-28 Hrs.

Electricity (5 Unit)70-80 kg.wet Digested

slurry Enriched manure

POSSIBLE APPLICATION OF BIOGAS

10 Cattle or 6

buffaloes or 8

bullocks

100 kg. Dung

+ water equal

4 cum

gas/ day


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Venture Tube

ON - OFF

Gas Lock

Gas Regulator

Clay Nozzle

Opening screw

Mantle

Glass Globe

INSIDE

TYPE Lamp


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Biogas Lamp for Lighting


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Conclusion

We must all conserve energy and use it efficiently.Its also up to those who will create the newenergy technologies of the future.

All energy sources have an impact on theenvironment. Concerns about the greenhouseeffect and global warming, air pollution, andenergy security have led to increasing interest and

more development in renewable energy sourcessuch as solar, wind, geothermal, wave power andhydrogen.


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THANK YOU

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Energy Conservation at Home