ENERGY AUDIT TOOLKIT LIGHTING - cityswitch.net.au Toolkits/CS-TK_Lighting_v2.pdf · ENERGY AUDIT TOOLKIT LIGHTING 1 OVERVIEW Eff ective management of your organisation’s energy

ENERGY AUDIT TOOLKITLIGHTING

ENERGY AUDIT TOOLKITLIGHTING

Table of contents

1 Overview

4 Energy Audit Checklist

16 Energy Effi ciency Action Plan

18 Resources

Published for CitySwitch Green Offi ce, 2014. First published by the Australian Greenhouse Offi ce, in the Department of the Environment and Heritage, 2005.

© Commonwealth of Australia 2014

This Activity received funding from the Department of Industry as part of the Energy Effi ciency Information Grants Program. The views expressed herein are not necessarily the views of the Commonwealth of Australia, and the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for any information or advice contained herein

ENERGY AUDIT TOOLKIT LIGHTING 1

OVERVIEW

Eff ective management of your organisation’s energy usage makes good business sense. It can produce both environmental and economic benefi ts and importantly reduce your greenhouse gas emissions. This Energy Audit Toolkit has been developed to assist non-technical or semi-technical energy managers in small to medium organisations:

identify actions to improve energy effi ciency through the use of a simple but detailed audit checklist; and

develop plans for implementing energy effi ciency actions

The checklist contains notes supplying the auditor with further explanation or hints on how to compete the tasks. It should be possible to complete the majority of tasks through simple observation.

Need more information?Visit cityswitch.net.au for more information or call the CitySwitch program manager inyour state. Contact details are listed on the website plus additional copies of the suite ofCitySwitch Energy Audit Tools

This auditing toolkit is part of a CitySwitch package. Use with:

Running a Workplace Switch-Off Campaign www.cityswitch.net.au/switchoff toolkit

Other Energy Audit Toolkits www.cityswitch.net.au/audittoolkits Lighting Control Hot Water Equipment


The cost of lighting is quite high for many organisations. In offi ces it often represents up to 50 per cent of the energy costs. However, simple and cost eff ective changes to lighting systems can be made that will result in long-term savings.

The Energy Audit Toolkits for ‘Lighting’ and ‘Lighting Control’ will help you to identify relevant changes that can be made to the design, maintenance and operation of your existing lighting system to reduce energy consumption and associated costs. The measures range from switching off lights when not needed and maximising the use of natural light, to installing energy effi cient lights and lighting controls.

Where possible, all personnel should be involved in decision making processes and consulted for energy saving ideas. Remember these are the people who use the lighting every day.

Each question in the Energy Audit Checklist which follows has a space where you can write your energy effi ciency improvement ideas. You should refer to the explanatory notes when considering what can be done to improve energy effi ciency. You may need to take additional notes and attach them to the checklist, or attach other relevant documentation (such as instruction sheets and site plans) in order to support your improvement ideas and completely document your audit.

A Structured ApproachAn easy way of prioritising energy effi ciency lighting projects is to identify equipment which uses the most energy by totalling up the number of lights, the power consumption of each lamp – which can be found on lighting fi tting itself and is measured in watts (W) or kilowatts (kW) – and then determining the hours of operation. Multiplying these together will give you energy consumed over a certain period. This should quickly tell you where most of your energy is going and you can focus your eff orts more eff ectively.

As a general approach, the hierarchy of energy savings actions to help prioritise diff erent options is as follows:

Remove unnecessary lightingSwitch off lights when not in useMake better use of daylight

ENERGYEFFICIENCY

ENERGYCONSERVATION

Replace lighting with more efficient typesInstall lighting control systems(e.g. switches, sensors, programmable solutions)

It is important to engage all stakeholders including your offi ce when altering lighting systems as they have a direct eff ect on occupant comfort. By engaging staff , human resource managers and OH&S representatives at the beginning of the process, you will better understand the potential risks and impacts which will lead to a smoother implementation process and happier, more engaged staff .


To work out the energy use of each set of equipment refer to this equation:

Average power (watts)*

x operational hours per day

x no. of lamps

÷ 1000

= total daily energy consumption in kilowatt hours (kWh)

To calculate the energy savings, from making any lighting changes apply the new hours of operation, change in operational power or change in no. of units depending on what savings measure(s) have been implemented and calculate the diff erence.

To convert to dollars saved simply multiply kWh by the electricity cost on your bill.

Remember these are ideas, not decisions. When you have completed the Energy Audit Checklist, select the energy effi ciency improvements that are viable and enter them into the Energy Effi ciency Action Plan on page 12.

*. Refer to http://www.standby.lbl.gov/summary-table.html for average equipment power. You can also measure power using a device such as a PowerMate or check the power rating on the equipment label if available. A PowerMate can be obtained on loan from your local CitySwitch program manager.

x

x

÷

=


Operation and Use

Choosing low or no-cost energy conservation opportunities such as a removing unnecessary lighting or switching off lights when not in use should the fi rst priority as it requires next to no capital expenditure or third party involvement. Installing controls (e.g. switchers or sensors) is another low cost energy conservation measure that can be employed. Each of these measures will also help to reduce maintenance costs by reducing running time or removing equipment altogether.

Finally, completely upgrading your lighting system can be a signifi cant investment. Doing a business case on upgrades often shows positive return on investment and other workplace productivity benefi ts.

Being able to reliably measure or calculate potential energy savings (resources are provided on the back page to help with this analysis) is crucial to developing the accurate fi nancial fi gures required for the decision making process. Where practical, encourage cleaners to assist in switching off monitors or items they observe to be left on.

See more on calculating savings at:www.cityswitch.net.au/switchoff toolkit

What type of equipment do you have in your offi ce?

Please tick the appropriate boxes.

Incandescent Number _________

Fluorescent tubes Number _________

Compact fl uorescent Number _________

Mercury highdischarge lamps Number _________

Halogen orextra low wattage (12V) Number _________

LED lamps Number _________

Other (specify) Number _________

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!FAST FACT

Ineffi cient halogen and incandescent lamps should be replaced with compact fl uorescent or LED lights where possible as they consume a fraction of the energy and have a much longer life span, reducing ongoing maintenance costs.

QUESTION 1

Improvement ideas and notes:

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ENERGY AUDIT CHECKLIST


Are desk lamps or standard lamps utilised when suitable, instead of lighting whole rooms or areas?

What type of ballast is used in the fl uorescent lights (tubes) in the offi ce?

!FAST FACT

A common way of reducing energy consumption in main offi ce lighting applications is by replacing T8 fl uorescent tubes with more effi cient T5 fl uorescent tubes. But what do T8 and T5 mean? The ‘T’ stands for tubular, representing the shape of the lamp. The ‘5’ and ‘8’ represent the diameter of the tube. ‘5’ being 5/8ths of an inch in diameter (15.9mm) and the ‘8’ being 8/8ths of an inch in diameter (25.4mm) or one inch thick.

QUESTION 2 QUESTION 3


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YES NO Please tick the appropriate box below.

Electronic

Standard ferro-magnetic

!FAST FACT

Electronic ballasts should be used in fl uorescent lights (tubes) rather than low loss and standard ferro-magnetic ballasts. These are more energy effi cient, reduce start up time and eliminate fl icker when the tubes reach end of life.

A ballast checker can be purchased from electronics outlets, which you can point at the lights and it will tell you if it is electronic or magnetic.


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Are lights left on in unoccupied areas unnecessarily? Is natural light utilised as much as possible, where suitable, in each room, section or area of the offi ce?

If yes, where and when? (Please provide the reason they are left on, such as cleaning, security, or aesthetics.)

Weekends ______________________________

Public holidays ______________________________

After hours ______________________________

Breaktimes* ______________________________

Other (specify) ______________________________

*eg. lunchtime, morning or afternoon tea

!FAST FACT

Unnecessary lights should be switched off during the day where possible (i.e. in meeting and storage rooms). Sensors should be installed on any lights in rooms that are not often used (see Energy Audit Toolkit: Lighting Control).See more on running workplace switch-off campaigns:www.cityswitch.net.au/switchoff toolkit

!Natural light should be utilised as much as possible. Consider repositioning furniture and other objects or moving partitions so they don’t block light.


Conduct a night audit when all staff have left the offi ce to see what is being left on overnight unnecessarily.

Observe current practices at diff erent times and diff erent parts of the offi ce and consult with all personnel in your organisation, including security, cleaners and suppliers of goods and services

Survey each section of the offi ce and note down the positioning of furniture and other objects.

YES NOYES NO


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MAKE SUREYOU…

MAKE SUREYOU…

MAKE SUREYOU…

Operation and Use (continued)


Is lighting in any area or room of the offi ce excessive for the particular activity being undertaken?

Using a light (lux) meter, and take a simple lighting assessment of the following and compare yourresults with the AS 1680:1990 recommendedlevels shown below.

Have old fl uorescent lights been upgraded with more energy effi cient components at any stage?

!FAST FACT

Standard fl uorescent light tubes should be replaced with T5 light tubes. These are more energy effi cient and have a longer life than the standard ones.

Mirror refl ectors and diff users can be installed in fl uorescent lights to improve light output. Standard prismatic sheet diff users are more effi cient and cheaper than egg-crate, opal and metal diff users. Obtain advice from a lighting consultant when upgrading your lighting system if necessary.


Consult maintenance or engineering personnel or the records of purchases

YES NO


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MAKE SUREYOU…

General purpose 240 lux ________________

Storeroom 80 lux ________________

Offi ce work 320 lux ________________

Corridors 40 lux ________________

Fine / detailed work 600 lux ________________

RECOMMENDED

YOUR LEVELS

Structure


YES NO


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What design features exist in the offi ce to increase the levels of natural light?

Can extra design features be added to maximise the levels of natural light?

!FAST FACT

Design features such as north facing windows, skylights, and light tubes should be considered where feasible to reduce the amount of artifi cial light needed. Ensure these do not alter the offi ce temperature signifi cantly.

Repainting interiors with light colours can also enhance natural lighting levels.


Obtain a plan of the offi ce layout and mark each feature on it.

Obtain a plan of the offi ce layout and mark possible features on it referring to features mentioned in Question 10.


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North facing windows

Skylights

Light tubes

Light coloured interior

Other (specify) _________________________

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MAKE SUREYOU…

MAKE SUREYOU…

Structure (continued)


MAKE SUREYOU…

MAKE SUREYOU…

Do lights exist in unnecessary or obscure places(such as near windows or above shelving)?

Has de-lamping (see Fast Fact below) occurred inover-lit areas?

?HANDY HINT

Remember to consider the lighting conditions throughout the day before determining if a light is unnecessary, particularly for east or west facing windows.

Consider daylight sensors for lights that are near windows as these automatically adjust according to the current levels of natural light coming into the room from outside.

!FAST FACT

De-lamping involves removing fl uorescent tubes from existing fl uorescent fi ttings, while ensuring that lighting remains uniform. Lights closest to windows or the middle tube of multiple tubed fl uorescent lights can be de-lamped.

It should take place after a lighting audit.

Refer to Question 6 to identify over-lit areas.


Remove unnecessary lights.Refer also to Question 6

Consult the operating manual or maintenance personnel.

YES NOYES NO


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MAKE SUREYOU…

MAKE SUREYOU…

Has appropriate signage been installed to instruct or remind personnel to switch off lights when they are no longer needed?

How often are lights, light fi ttings and lighting design features cleaned?

Please tick the appropriate boxes.

?HANDY HINT

Ensure that all employees are aware of their responsibilities when it comes to switching off and saving energy. Make sure that regular communications are sent out to staff and that new employees are trained on these energy saving behaviours. Your cleaners and security can also help with switching off at night. Make sure you inform them that if they notice the lights are still on at night and no one is working, they have your permission to switch them off .

?HANDY HINT

These features should be maintained on a regular basis to ensure light output is maximised., particularly in the case of diff users as these easily trap dust, dirt and dead insects that block light.


Place signs near light switches in clear view. Consult the operating manual, maintenance employees or the supplier.

YES NO


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Monthly

Yearly

Ad-hoc

Other (specify) ___________________________

Never

MaintenanceStructure (continued)


MAKE SUREYOU…

In what time frame are repairs of lights, light fi ttingsand lighting design features undertaken?

Please tick the appropriate box below.

Is energy effi ciency taken into account when purchasing lights and lighting accessories?

?HANDY HINT

Make repairs as soon as possible to achieve maximum energy effi ciency.

?HANDY HINT

Energy effi ciency should always be taken into account. A review of the purchasing policy may be necessary.

Purchasing more energy effi cient light globes that fi t into existing light fi ttings is simple but eff ective when aiming to reduce energy usage.


Review your purchasing policy guidelines to ensure that buying energy effi ciency lighting is standard practice.

YES NO


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Within 24 hours

Within a week

More than a month

Other (specify) ________________________

Purchasing


Goals for Energy Effi cientLightingList your energy effi ciency goals with reference to your ‘improvement ideas and notes’ on the Checklist pages. Be specifi c where possible taking into account technical, fi nancial and operational inputs. Goals should be measurable where practical.

Number Goal

Example Reduce the energy use for lighting by 10 per cent compared to last year’s consumption.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY ACTION PLAN

As an alternative to using this action plan, you can also enter your energy effi ciency actions as objectives and targets in an environmental management system, as a work order in your maintenance management system, or in another process that ensures nominated personnel complete the actions.

!


Action steps to be takenOnce your energy audit checklist is completed you can work with your CitySwitch program manager to help tailor an action plan to your business needs (see resources overleaf for contact information). List the specifi c actions needed to implement each of your energy effi ciency goals. Ensure you nominate the person responsible where relevant.

GoalNo.

Action DateDue

Datecompleted

Example Remove unnecessary lighting

Please photocopy this form if additional action steps are required. Page: … … … … of … … … ..


RESOURCES

For more information or to contact the CitySwitch program manager in your state,visit cityswitch.net.au

You can also download the suite of Energy Audit Tools along with a rangeof tenant energy effi ciency resources.

ADDITIONAL SOURCES CAN BE FOUND AT THE FOLLOWING:

Energy Effi ciency Lighting Calculatorwww.abcb.gov.au/major-initiatives/energy-effi ciency/lighting-calculator

Calculight – the energy effi cient lighting upgrade calculatorwww.environment.nsw.gov.au/lightingToolApp/default.aspx

Energy Saver Energy Effi cient Lightingwww.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/sustainbus/120434EnEff Light.pdf

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ENERGY AUDIT TOOLKIT LIGHTING - cityswitch.net.au Toolkits/CS-TK_Lighting_v2.pdf · ENERGY AUDIT TOOLKIT LIGHTING 1 OVERVIEW Eff ective management of your organisation’s energy