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Energy Audit and Implementation in
Practice in Residential Buildings
Building Energy Efficiency in the Baltics (BENEFIT-2006)
Riga, October 25, 2006
Petri Jaarto
Motiva Oy
Presentation outline
• Housing stock characteristics
• Main policy instruments for energy
efficiency
• Examples
Motiva Ltd• Fully government-owned company
• Develops and carries out projects for the
implementation of the national climate change
strategy
• Turnover 4 M€, personnel 30
• Main clients:
• Ministry of Trade and Industry
• Other government ministries
• European Commission
• National technology agency TEKES
• the private sector
• www.motiva.fi/en
Finnish Building Stock (1995)
0,0
50,0
100,0
150,0
200,0
250,0
300,0
< 1920 1920-50 1950-60 1960-70 1970-80 1980-90 1990-95
Year of construction
Mill
. m³
Offices
Education
Health care
Commercial
Summer cottages
Blocks of flats
Row housing
Single family houses
Energy consumption for space heatingApartment buildings
25
35
45
55
65
75
1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
Year of construction
Energy consumption (kWh/m³/year)
3 %
9 %
21 %
39 %
61 %
79 %
91 %
97 %
Young building stock and policy priorities
• Young building stock means
• in principle reasonably good
technical condition
• relatively good starting point
in energy performance
• economic life spans not yet
at their end
• Resulting policy priorities
• strong emphasis on practices
for building management and
preventive maintenance
• development of concepts for
the upcoming refurbishment
period
Energy and climate strategies Land Use and Building Act
Construction Policy ProgrammeGovernment’s Energy
Conservation Programme
Voluntary EnergyConservation Agreements
Energy Audit Programme
Technological R&D Programmes
Development Initiatives within IndividualProperty and Construction Companies
Branch level development programs
Building Code
Energy Investment & Renovation Subsidies
Experimental Construction,Demonstration Projects
Governmental
Public-private
Private
Energy audits for residential buildings
• Common models and guidelines developed
• Trained and informed auditors
• Cost of audit 1800…3500 €/building(incl. VAT 22%)
• Public support 40 % of audit cost (50 % for organisations within the voluntary agreement scheme)
• Support scheme started 2003• no systematic follow-up so far
• estimated number of audits …
Energy audit procedure for residential buildings
FIELD WORK
ANALYSIS
REPORTING
• overall building inspection
• assessment of the energy performance of building systems
• apartment inspections
• relevant measurements
• …
• analysis of measurement and other data
• building modelling
• säästökohteiden analyysi
• audit report, incl. description and assessment of the building and its systems, energy performance assessment, recommendations
BASIC DATA• client supplies the auditor with basic information and building size, energy and water consumption and other technical background information
Energy renovation subsidies• Available since 2003 for buildings with 3+ apartments for
additional costs related to improving or replacing windows additional insulation of external walls or roof connecting to district heating or renewing district heat consumer
equipment renewing oil boilers and burners converting electric heating to ground source heat pumps or
complementing it with air-to-air heat pumps installing ventilation heat recovery, low-emission pellet boilers,
solar water heating and apartment water meters balancing of hydronic heating systems and ventilation systems
• Subsidy level 10…15 % of costs
• No systematic follow-up so far
• Support allocated in 2003:14.8 mill.€ for appr. 2 500 buildings with 97 000 apartments
Comprehensive energy refurbishments: an example
• Rental apartment property owned by the municipality of Oulainen
• 29 dwellings, 66 residents
• Dwelling area 1833 m²
• Year of construction 1971
• Energy efficiency measures• Additional insulation of facade
external 50-100 mm rockwool insulation
• Additional insulation of roof blown rockwool
• New doors and windows
• Improvement of roof
• Dwelling ventilation units with heat recovery
KOY Kaari-Salpa Oulainen
source: VTT Building Technology, 1998
• Costs to client 490 €/m²
• Construction 66 %
• Ventilation 8 %
• Piping, plumbing 13 %
• Electrical systems 6 %
• Other costs 7 %
• Impact on rent level
1.2 €/m²/month (~30%)
KOY Kaari-Salpa
ResultsKOY Kaari-Salpa
Results
source: VTT Building Technology, 1998
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Before refurbishment After refurbishment
kWh/m³
0
50
100
150
200
250
300l/person/day
Heat (kWh/m³)
Electricity (kWh/m³)
Water (l/person/day)
• Reduction in energy and
water costs
0.7 €/m²/month
Concluding remarks
• Initiatives are driven by the current national climate change strategy
• Emphasis of policy measures on • apartment buildings
• voluntary measures
• management and maintenance practices
• lowering the threshold for longer-term efficiency improvement in conjunction with refurbishment and technical upgrading
• Energy audits constitute a basis for investors decisions
Elements of R&D on life cycle based business models
• Performance specifications
• Models and tools for tendering and
contracting
• Risk assessment and risk management
• Performance assessment and verification
THANK YOU !