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Energy and Greenhouse Gas Inventory for Lucas County and The City of Toledo Operations. CIVE 6900/8900 Sustainability Engineering Class December 7, 2010. of. Collaborative Sustainability Project. Energy and Greenhouse Gas Inventory for Lucas County and The City of Toledo Operations. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Energy and Greenhouse Gas Inventory for Lucas County
and The City of Toledo OperationsCIVE 6900/8900
Sustainability Engineering ClassDecember 7, 2010
of
Collaborative Sustainability Project
Energy and Greenhouse Gas Inventory for Lucas County
and The City of Toledo OperationsCIVE 6900/8900
Sustainability Engineering ClassDecember 7, 2010
Meet the teams
City of Toledo• J. Blake Quinton• Clint Messner• Adam Szabo• Santosh Pant• Xue Ding
Lucas County• Kate Chulski• Jeff Grabarkiewicz• Greg Denman• Hannah West• Praneeth Nimmatoori
Outline
• Objectives• Terminology• Protocol• Background on Lucas County, City of Toledo• Energy and emissions from different sectors• Analysis of individual sectors• Conclusions
1
Objectives
• Analyze the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of Lucas County and City of Toledo governments
• Recommend future actions
2
Terminology
Energy Inventory• kWh or BTU
• Cannot differentiate clean energy
GHG Inventory• Metric Tons Carbon
dioxide equivalence (MT CO2e)
• Accounts for clean energy
3
Comparison of Energy Sources
Fuel Type Pounds CO2 / $ CO2 Intensity Factor
PRB Sub-bitumious coal 263 38
Natural Gas 28 4
Diesel 7 1
Gasoline 7 1
4
Using a GHG or Energy Inventory…
5
(Direct) (Indirect) (Optional, not considered)
Equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2e)
• There are 18 long acting greenhouse gases
• Each has unique thermal properties
• Some affect atmospheric temperature more than others
• The warming potential of each gas is used to determine CO2e
• CO2e is measured in metric tons
8
Common Greenhouse Gases
Putting CO2e into Perspective
• The Toledo built Jeep Liberty has a highway fuel economy of 22 mpg according to the EPA.
• It would need to be driven about 76 million miles to generate 30,400 metric tons of CO2e
How far is 76 million miles?
• ⅘ of the distance between Earth and the Sun
• 159 round trips to the Moon
• 9,960 round trips from Toledo to Anchorage, AK
Lucas County and City of Toledo
Population: 316,179 people (2009)
84.1 square miles or 24% of Lucas County
2009 Operating Budget $577 million
2,822 Full-Time Equivalent Staff
Population: 463,493 people (2009)
340 total square miles
2010 General Fund Budget $132 million
1,137 Full-Time Equivalent Staff
11
• 40 facilities• 1 WWTP• 59 pump
stations• 170+ vehicles• 54 traffic signals
Lucas County Facilities and Operations
City of Toledo Facilities and Operations 285+ facilities
1 WTP 1 WWTP
1 Active Landfill 1,900+ vehicles
4000 signal heads3400 pedestrian heads
Water Treatment Plant
Wastewater Treatment Plant
Hoffman Rd. Landfill
City of Toledo Government Building
Lucas County Data CollectionData Type Data Sources (2005-2009)
Buildings electricity and natural gas Facility Director, utility bills (kWh, CCF)
Wastewater treatment plant electricity and natural gas
Plant Manager (kWh, CCF)
Pump stations Sanitary Engineer, utility bills (kWh, CCF)
Vehicles gas consumption Purchasing Director, Sanitary Engineer, County Engineer, County Commissioners (gasoline/diesel)
Traffic signals Utility bills (kWh)
Solid waste operations Solid Waste Director
14
City of Toledo Data CollectionData Type Data Sources (2009)
Buildings (Electricity) Electricity Usage Data (kWh) for 285+ Buildings
Buildings (Natural Gas) Natural Gas Usage (MMBTU)
Water Treatment Plant Natural Gas and Electricity Cost ($)
Wastewater treatment plant Population Served, Fraction of CH4 in biogas
Solid Waste Facilities Estimated Total SCF & MMBTU
Vehicle Fleet Vehicle Inventory, Odometer Readings, Fleet Manager
Traffic Lights Electricity Usage Data (kWh)
Data was verified with the 2010 Fiscal Budget
15
Results
Emissions and Energy Use by Source
Emissions Energy (TJ)
Lucas County
WWTP ProcessesVehicle FuelNatural GasElectricity
30,400 MTCO2e 290 TJ
17
Emissions and Energy Use by Source
Emissions Energy (TJ)
City Of Toledo
Landfill GasWWTP ProcessesVehicle FuelNatural GasElectricity
264,500 MTCO2e 2,010 TJ
18
Emissions and Energy Use by Sector
Emissions Energy (TJ)
Lucas County
Traffic lightsVehicle FuelWWTPFacilities
30,400 MTCO2e 290 TJ
19
Emissions and Energy Use by Sector
Emissions Energy (TJ)
City Of Toledo
Traffic lightsVehicle FuelWTPWWTPLandfillFacilities
264,500 MTCO2e 2,010 TJ
20
Emission Totals by Sector Type
21%
73%
6%
<1%
Lucas County30,400 MTCO2e
WWTP
Facilities
Vehicle Fuel
Traffic lights
Landfill
WTP
11%
52%
16%
1%
14%
6%
City of Toledo264,500 MT-
CO2e
21
Drinking Water Treatment Plant
City of Toledo87%
13%
ElectricityNatural gas
Lucas CountyNo water treatment plant
City of Toledo Collins Park WTP• Average capacity of 80 MGD• Population served- 500,000people
0 MT CO2e 17,200 MT CO2e
22
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Lucas CountyMaumee River WWTP• Capacity of 47 MGD• Population served - 80,500 people
City of Toledo Bay View WWTP• Capacity of 102 MGD• Population served- 363,500 people
21%
11%
7,544 MT CO2e 32,200 MT CO2e
23
Wastewater Treatment Emissions
24
Methods to Reduce Emissions from Water Treatment
• Energy generationRecover methane from anaerobic digestion process
• Reduce loading– High efficiency toilets– Composting toilets– Low-flow showerheads and faucets– Use of gray water– Use of rain gardens
25
Emissions from Facilities
84%
16%
Electricity Natural Gas
27,000 MT CO2e 204,000 MT CO2e
71%
29%
Electricity Natural gas
Lucas County• 40 facilities City of Toledo
• 285+ facilities
26
Methods to Reduce Emissions from Facilities
Lucas County Remotely controlled facility system
projected to reduce energy use by 15-20%
Boiler improvements at county complex 701 Adams to increase energy efficiency
City of Toledo 1 Megawatt First-Solar
Photovoltaic Plant by August 2011 Decrease facilities energy use by
10% by December 2012
27
Methods to Reduce Emissions from Facilities
Lucas County Remotely controlled facility system
projected to reduce energy use by 15-20%
Boiler improvements at county complex 701 Adams to increase energy efficiency
City of Toledo 1 Megawatt First-Solar
Photovoltaic Plant by August 2011 Decrease facilities energy use by
10% by December 2012
28
Further Steps• Energy Audit
– Lighting– HVAC– Receptacles
• Purchasing Policy
Emissions from Vehicles
Lucas County• 175+ vehicles
City of Toledo
• 1,900+ vehicles
6%
16%
1,800 MT CO2e 48,400 MT CO2e
29
Methods to Reduce Emissions from Vehicles
• Procurement policy
• Vehicle/engine replacement on oldest models • External technologies
– anti-idling– retrofit
30
Emissions from Traffic SignalsLucas County• 54 Traffic lights
City of Toledo
• 4,000 signal heads• 3,400 pedestrian heads
<1%
1%
192 MT CO2e 2,200 MT CO2e
31
Methods to Reduce Emissions from Traffic Signals
Replaced all traffic signals with LED bulbs in 2003, reduced energy use by 80% per signal. (Lucas County)
All stoplights with LED bulbs by Dec. 2011, 65% complete. (City of Toledo)
• Consider roundabouts at intersections.– Roundabouts reduce emissions created from signals, idling,
and automobile wrecks
32
Emissions from Landfill
Lucas County• No landfill
City of Toledo
• Hoffman road landfill• Servicing the residents of Toledo until the
year 2026
14%
0 MT CO2e 41,800 MT CO2e
33
Methods to Reduce Emissions From Landfill
Improved recycling in County managed facilities from 68% to 94%. (Lucas County)
Recycling tonnage is up 300% since 2009. (City of Toledo) Built combined generation plant at Bayview Wastewater
Treatment Plant, runs on landfill gas captured on-site and at Hoffman Road Landfill, reduced CO2e emissions by 70% since 2010. (City of Toledo)
• Create a composting station within Lucas County.
34
Conclusions• Totals:
• Breakdown:
– Large items: energy use in buildings, purchasing policy
Annual Energy Usage (TJ)
Annual Emissions (MT CO2e)
City of Toledo 2,010 264,500
Lucas County 290 30,400
35
21%
73%
6%
<1%Lucas County
WWTP
Facilities
Vehicle Fuel
Traffic lights
Landfill
WTP
11%
52%
16%
1%14%
6%
City of Toledo
Future Work• Energy and emissions coordinator• Regional/NW Ohio inventory
– Missing• TPS, TARTA, Airport, Port, Sylvania, Oregon…..……
• Climate action plan and energy plan
36
Future Work
37
Local Governments with Climate Actions Plans
38
Future Work
• Energy and emissions coordinator• Regional/NW Ohio inventory• Climate action plan and energy plan
39
Lucas County AcknowledgementsThis project would not have been possible without you:
•Jim Shaw: Lucas County, Sanitary Engineer - Pump Stations, Vehicles, Facilities, WWTP•Veronica Jackson: Lucas County, Clerk, Sanitary Engineer’s Office - Pump Stations, Vehicles, Facilities•Mike Cravens: Lucas County, Wastewater Treatment Plant Operator - WWTP•Lynn DiPierro: Lucas County, Director of Purchasing - Vehicles•Earl Reid: Lucas County, Director of Facilities (retired) - Facilities•Chris Pizza: Lucas County, Director of Solid Waste - Vehicles•Keith Earley: Lucas County Engineer – Traffic Signals and Vehicles•Ron Myers: Lucas County Engineer’s Office, Engineer – Traffic Signals•Kara Moore: Lucas County Engineer’s Office, Account Specialist – Traffic Signals•Kim Kettman: Lucas County Engineer’s Office, Road Maintenance – Vehicles•Bridgette Kabat: Lucas County Commissioners, Chief of Staff – Vehicles•Tina Wozniak: Lucas County Commissioners, Commissioner – Vehicles •Meg Adams: First Energy, Director of Public Relations – Emission Factors•Ray Evans: First Energy, Environmental Manager – Emission Factors•The many others around the County who answered questions and provided information
40
City of Toledo AcknowledgementsThis project would not have been possible without you:
• Tim Murphy: City of Toledo, Commissioner of Environmental Services – Path Smoother• Julian Highsmith: City of Toledo, Commissioner of Facility & Fleet Operations – Buildings & Vehicles• John Welber: City of Toledo, Alt Administrator Facility & Fleet Operations - Facilities• Jeff Croskey: City of Toledo, Administrator of Fleet Operations – Vehicles & Fuel• John Walthall: City of Toledo, Manager of Water Treatment - Water Treatment• Mike Carson: City of Toledo, Sr. Process Control Analyst – Water Reclamation• Carol Eggert: City of Toledo, Public Service Officer 2 – HFC Emissions for laboratories• Bob Kossow: City of Toledo, P.E. – HFC Emissions• Lori Smigielski: City of Toledo Supervisor of Utility Accounting - Accounting• Barb Jones: City of Toledo, Acting Commissioner of Transportation - Lighting• Karen Okonta: Hull & Associates, Project Manager – Landfill Gas• Chris Windnagle: Hull & Associates - – Landfill Gas• Kevin Rellinger: Shaw Group – Landfill Gas• Jon Sluis: Plante& Moran, CPA– Renewable Energy• Mark Frye: Palmer & Associates – Electricity & Natural Gas• Anne Schenk: Palmer & Associates – Electricity & Natural Gas• The many others around the city who answered questions and provided information
41
Questions?