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2015/10/06
ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN ELEMENTARY SECONDARY EDUCATION OF
JAPAN
KIYOHARA Yoichi
Chief Inspecter Elementary and Secondary Education Bureau
• Basic framework for the school system
-> school education system and local education administration
system
-> textbook approval system
-> teacher licensing system
• National standards
-> standards for setting up schools
-> Courses of Study, standards for school curricula
-> criteria for class sizes and numbers of teachers
• Financial support for maintaining educational conditions
-> teachers’ wages and construction work on school buildings
-> supplying textbooks free of charge
National
government
Prefectural
boards of
education
・ Hiring teachers for municipal public elementary and lower
secondary schools
・Wages for teachers at municipal public elementary and lower
secondary schools
・Managing the setting up of prefectural public schools
Schools ・Implementing education
Municipal boards
of education ・ Managing the setting up of municipal public elementary and lower
secondary schools
Responsibilities at the National, Prefectural and Municipal Levels
3
About the Course of Study in Japan Revision once every about 10 years
The former course of study :Revision in 1998
・ Elementary and Lower Secondary Schools : Execution in 2002
High school : Execution in 2003
・ The academic ability survey is executed. →The change is understood.
It discusses in Central Education Council.
The directionality of the following revision is shown.
The discussion is received, and it works the revision.
Current course of study :Revision in 2008 / 2009
Manual of curriculum guidelines
Textbook(Authorization)
4
Elementary Schools : Execution in 2011
Lower Secondary Schools : Execution in 2012
Upper Secondary school : Execution in 2013
Issues of education in Japan ・The Result of international student assessment (TIMSS,PISA) ・The result of educational research of a country ,etc.
Directionality of improvement in the future
About the situation of the discussion
of Central Education Council
5
THE REPORT OF THE CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR EDUCATION JANUARY 17, 2008
The necessity for substantial environmental education ・Energy and an environmental problem are subjects important
for resource-starved our country of course for survival and prosperity of human beings' future.
・The children who will live in the 21st century are urged to raise a practical attitude and nature, and capability to act actively because of environmental preservation or creation of better environment.
・Energy and an environmental problem are deeply concerned with science and technology also in the cause also for the solution. Therefore, it is important to study that we have to have the view and view of a scientific thing.
・I make children do various experience activities in rich nature or a familiar area. It is required to let them pass and to cultivate the concern about the soul and environment where I respect the rich susceptibility to children and a life automatically, etc.
6
THIS REVISION WE THINK AS IMPORTANT THE EDUCATION FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (ESD) WHICH UNITED NATIONS ADVOCATED.
7
Economic development
Poverty reduction Corporate social responsibility
Social development
Employment, human rights, sexual equality, peace, human security
Environmental preservation Global warming, water
The present course (2008 notification) The old course (1998 notification)
(Grade 3 and Grade 4) □ The acquisition of drinking water/electricity/gas □ The effective use of resources such as water and the conservation of electricity
(Grade 5) □ That various manufacturing products are supporting people’s lives. The functions of trade
(Grade 3 and Grade 4) □ The acquisition of drinking water/electricity/gas (Establishment)
(Grade 5) □ That various manufacturing products are supporting people’s lives. The functions of trade
(Grade 3) □ Circuit connections that conduct electricity, materials that conduct electricity
(Grade 4) □ the functions of the dry battery and photocell, the functions of electricity
(Grade 6) ○the properties and the function of electricity, the ways to use electricity
(Grade 3) □ Circuit connections that conduct electricity, materials that conduct electricity
(Grade 4) □ the functions of the dry battery and photocell, the functions of electricity (Establishment)
☆ : Contents substantial by the notification in 2008
The main point of revision Old and new contents comparison (Elementary schools )
Socia
l Stu
die
s
Scie
nce
Ele
menta
ry S
chools
The present course (2008 notification) The old course (1998 notification)
(Geography) □ Issues related to the environment and energy (Civics) □ the importance of economic and technical cooperation in
order to resolve challenges for the earth’s environment, resources and energy
□ to explore challenges which we must solve in order to create a better society from the perspective of establishing a sustainable society
(地理的分野) □ Issues related to the environment and energy(公民的分野) □ Subject study about resources and an energy problem (Establishment)
(Field One) □ the amount of energy of a body can be measured by the
work performed on one body by another body □ People obtain energy from hydraulic power, thermal power,
and atomic energy The efficient use of energy is important □ the properties and use of radiation
(Field One,Field Two) □ Scientific and technological developments, Natural blessings
and disasters(Compulsory) □ Conservation of the natural environment and the use of
science and technology
(第1分野) (Establishment) □ People obtain energy from hydraulic power, thermal power, and atomic energy The efficient use of energy is important (Establishment) □ Developed necessity of the science and technology which planned for the harmony with the environment, Natural blessings and disasters(Choice) (Establishment)
(Technology) □ Technological advancements contributes to protection of
natural resources, effective use of energy, and natural environment.
□ We made "Technology of energy conversion" independent and made it Compulsoly.
・ the mechanism of energy converting devices and their maintenance checks
・ the design and production of the devices applying the technology of energy conversion
(Technology) □ Technological advancements contributes to protection of natural resources, effective use of energy. □ the design and production of the devices applying the technology of energy conversion (Choice)
Socia
l Stu
die
s
Technolo
gy a
nd
Hom
e E
conom
ics
Scie
nce
Low
er S
econdary
Schools
The main point of revision Old and new contents comparison (Lower Secondary Schools)
ISSUES IN SCIENCE EDUCATION
Issue of child's attitude toward studying science
The concern for people's sciences must be low
Lack of child's experiences in nature
Basic knowledge and understanding
Scientific thinking and ability of expression
,etc
11
Science Curriculum Guidelines:
Points for Revision
□ Firmly set in place basic fundamental knowledge and skills
・ Structurize and enhance fundamental scientific outlook and
concepts as basic pillars of understanding
・ Through the curriculum contents, establish a “Spiral Structure”
□ Promotion of scientific thought and power of expression
・ Enhancement of investigative study activity
・ Understanding is deepened based on the results of
observations and experiments.
・ Explain results using scientific concepts
* Acquisition and use, inquisition …….. combine to strengthen skills
* Value words and experience
* increase number of hours of science and mathematics learning
12
Particle Existence of particles Preservability of particles
Combination of particles Energy which particles have
Energy The view of energy Effective use of energy resources
Conversion and preservation of energy
Lower
Secondary
Schools
Elementary
Schools
14 radiation
Conservation of the natural
environment and the use of
science and technology
Life The structure and the function of living things Continuity of a life
Diversity and similarity of living things Relation of living things and environment
Earth The inside of the earth The circumference of the earth
The surface of the earth
Elementary
Schools
15
Lower
Secondary
Schools
Conservation of the natural
environment and the use of
science and technology
Initial Hypothesis
Experiment Proof
Analysis and
Interpretation of
Experimental Data
Investigative Activities
Compare
Focusing on
the conditions
Analysis and
Interpretation Relate
Deduce Experiment
Planning
16
Points for Revision(Continuation)
□ Enhance observation, experiments, experience of
Nature and scientific experience
・Structured with aim to understand Scientific
principles and laws
・Continuous observations and measurements
□ Increase enthusiasm for science learning, keep pace
with science and technology developments
・Enhance curriculum contents on relationship between people and
science and technology, and relationship between people and Nature
* Value words and experience
* Foster a rich sensibility
* Help in the real world
17
MARCH, 2011 AN EAST JAPAN GREAT EARTHQUAKE, THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT DISASTER ACCOMPANYING IT
DIRECTIVITY OF ENERGY ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION ?
About the state of our society, the origin question was thrust before.
The side reader about radiation is needed.
18
RADIATION SIDE READER
19
http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shuppan/sonota/attach/1313004.htm
http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shuppan/sonota/attach/1344729.htm
Published in 2011
Published in 2014