Dr. H.S. SidhuM.D.S. (Pedodontics and Preventive dentistry)

Open apex Closed apex after apexification

Open apex Apexogenesis by vital pulpotomy

Pre operative

Post operativeClosed apex

TRENDS IN MODERN ENDODONTICSIN OUT

Root canal treatmentRubberdam applicationWider accessExtra canals, lateral

canalsCrown down techniqueGlide pathCoronal flare, radicular

accessCounter clockwise-

clockwise2% K files for negotiationApex locatorTapered preparation 6 to

8%

Extractions

Narrow accessApical step preparationReaching the apex firstNo coronal widening

Push and pull actionBroaches, H files,

reamersRadiographic lengthParallel taper 2% for

final shaping

IN OUTSodim hypochloriteEDTA, CaOH2 &

chlorhexidineClosed dressingZinc oxide sealantsEpoxy resin sealantsNon standardized GP

cones3D obturationCoronal seal 4D

endodonticsPeriapical healingNon surgical endodonticsSilver amalgam for class II

build up

Hydrogen peroxideFormocresol derivatives

Open dressingFormaldehyde sealantsWater soluble sealantsSilver cones,

Standardized GP cones & Single cone obturation

No follow upsSurgical endodontics