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Endangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal of the legal action is to obtain an order restraining the landowner from conducting any activities on site (e.g. plowing) which may interfere with site remediation or result in increased potential for endangerment to human health or welfare or the environment. The following discussion will evaluate: 1. The potential for endangerment posed by existing site conditions 2. The additional hazards which may result from plowing the soils at tne site. Site and Waste Characterization His Arkwood, Inc., comprises approximately 20 acres adjacent to the "1 - Pacific Cricket railroad. The site, located south of Omaha in County, Arkansas ( F i g u r e 1 ) , operated as a commercial wood preserving fa-rility from the early 1960s until 1984. Both pentachlorophenol (PCP) and creosote were used as wood preservatives. These chemicals were mixed with toad oil or diesel fuel before application to the wood products. Creosote is largely comprised of a group of chemicals known as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The most commonly occuring PAHs include: anthracene, phenanthrene, napthalene, flouranthene, fluorene, acenaphthene, diphenyl oxide, methyl naphthalene, xylene, methyl fluorene and carbazole. PCP wastes typically include PCP, toluene, benzene, ethyl benzene, chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans as well as numerous phenol ics. Contamination of the site by the wood-treating wastes occurred In several ways. Some wastes were disposed of by dumping them into an on-site sinkhole (subsurface solution feature) or a pit located adjacent to the railroad. Oily water produced by washing the treatment area was spread over the site for dust control. Waste preservatives dripped off treated wood products and contaminated drip tracks adjacent to the process area, as well as the wood storage area. Wastes were also burned on-site and disposed of In what is now an ash pile. The approximate locations of these waste areas are indicated in Figure 2. The most highly contaminated areas identified to date are the railroad ditch and sinkhole (see attachment 1 for analyses). Soil samples from the ditch contain up to 50,000 parts per million (ppm) PCP, 4000 p p m P A H s in- cluding f luoranthene, fluorene and acenapthene, low levels of volatile priority pollutants and hexa and hepta-chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans. The sinkhole contains approximately four feet of a multiple- phased liquid, containing high concentrations of benzene, ethyl benzene, napthalene, nitrosodipheynlamine, toluene, as well as chlorinated dibenzo- dioxins and furans.

Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

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Page 1: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

E n d a n g e r m e n t A s s e s s m e n tI n t r o d u c t i o n

T h e E n d a n o e r m e n t A s s e s s m e n t W Q J p r e p a r e d i n s u p p o r t o f l i t i g a t i o nconcerning t h e A r k w o o d , I n c . s i t e . T h e goa l o f t h e l e g a l a c t i on i s t oo b t a i n a n order r e s t r a i n i n g t h e l a n d o w n e r f r o m c o n d u c t i n g a n y a c t i v i t i e s o ns i t e ( e . g . p l o w i n g ) w h i c h m a y i n t e r f e r e w i t h s i t e r e m e d i a t i o n o r r e s u l t i nincrea s ed p o t e n t i a l f o r e n d a n g e r m e n t t o human h e a l t h o r w e l f a r e o r t h ee n v i r o n m e n t . T h e f o l l o w i n g d i s c u s s i o n w i l l e v a l u a t e :1 . T h e p o t e n t i a l f o r e n d a n g e r m e n t po s ed b y e x i s t i n g s i t e c o n d i t i o n s2 . T h e a d d i t i o n a l h a z a r d s w h i c h m a y r e s u l t f r o m p l o w i n g t h e s o i l s a ttne s i t e .

S i t e a n d W a s t e C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n

H i s A r k w o o d , I n c . , c o m p r i s e s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2 0 acres a d j a c e n t t o t h e"1 - P a c i f i c Cr i ck e t r a i l r o a d . The s i t e , l o c a t e d south of Omaha inC o u n t y , A r k a n s a s ( F i g u r e 1 ) , o p e r a t e d a s a c o m m e r c i a l wood p r e s e r v i n gf a - r i l i t y f r o m t h e e a r l y 1960s u n t i l 1984. Both p e n t a c h l o r o p h e n o l ( P C P ) a n dcreo so t e were used as wood p r e s e r v a t i v e s . T h e s e c h e m i c a l s were mixed w i t ht o a d o i l o r d i e s e l f u e l b e f o r e a p p l i c a t i o n t o t h e wood p r o d u c t s .C r e o s o t e i s l a r g e l y c o m p r i s e d o f a g r o u p o f c h e m i c a l s known a sP o l y c y c l i c A r o m a t i c H y d r o c a r b o n s ( P A H s ) . T h e most commonly o c cur ing P A H si n c l u d e : a n t h r a c e n e , p h e n a n t h r e n e , n a p t h a l e n e , f l o u r a n t h e n e , f l u o r e n e ,a c e n a p h t h e n e , d i p h e n y l o x i d e , m e t h y l n a p h t h a l e n e , x y l e n e , m e t h y l f l u o r e n ea n d c a r b a z o l e . P C P w a s t e s t y p i c a l l y i n c l u d e P C P , t o l u e n e , b enz ene , e t h y lb enz ene , c h l o r i n a t e d d i b e n z o d i o x i n s a n d d i b e n z o f u r a n s a s w e l l a s numerousp h e n o l ics.C o n t a m i n a t i o n o f th e s i t e by th e w o o d - t r e a t i n g wastes occurred Ins evera l ways. S o m e was t e s were d i s p o s e d o f by d u m p i n g them i n t o an o n - s i t es i n k h o l e ( s u b s u r f a c e s o l u t i o n f e a t u r e ) o r a p i t l o c a t e d a d j a c e n t t o t h er a i l r o a d . O i l y water produc ed by w a s h i n g the treatment area was spread overt h e s i t e f o r d u s t c o n t r o l . W a s t e p r e s e r v a t i v e s d r i p p e d o f f t r e a t e d woodp r o d u c t s a n d c o n t a m i n a t e d d r i p t r a c k s a d j a c e n t t o t h e p r o c e s s area , a s w e l las the wood s t o r a g e area. W a s t e s were a l s o burned o n - s i t e and d i s p o s e d o fIn what i s now an ash p i l e . The a p p r o x i m a t e l o c a t i o n s o f these waste areasar e i n d i c a t e d in F i g u r e 2 .The most h i g h l y contaminated areas i d e n t i f i e d t o d a t e a r e t h e r a i l r o a dd i t c h a n d s i n k h o l e ( s e e a t t a c h m e n t 1 f o r a n a l y s e s ) . S o i l s a m p l e s f r o m t h ed i t c h c o n t a i n u p t o 50,000 p a r t s p e r m i l l i o n ( p p m ) P C P , 4000 p p m P A H s i n -c l u d i n g f l u o r a n t h e n e , f l u o r e n e a n d a c e n a p t h e n e , l o w l e v e l s o f v o l a t i l ep r i o r i t y p o l l u t a n t s and hexa and h e p t a - c h l o r i n a t e d d i b e n z o d i o x i n s andd i b e n z o f u r a n s . T h e s i n k h o l e c o n t a i n s a p p r o x i m a t e l y f o u r f e e t o f a m u l t i p l e -p h a s e d l i q u i d , c o n t a i n i n g h i g h c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f benzene, e t h y l b enz ene ,n a p t h a l e n e , n i t r o s o d i p h e y n l a m i n e , t o l u e n e , a s w e l l a s c h l o r i n a t e d d i b e n z o -d i o x i n s a n d f u r a n s .

Page 2: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

F a c t o r s A f f e c t i n g M i r a t i o nThe s i t e i s l o c a t e d i . i d i e x c a v a t e d , f l a t area a t th e head o f a v a l l e y .S u r f a c e d r a i n a g e i s p r i m a r i l y t o t h e n o r t h w e s t v i a a t r i b u t a r y Q * C r i c k e tC r e e k which f l o w s a l o n g C r i c k e t R o a d . C r i c k e t C r e e k i s l e s s t h a n o n e m i l ef r o m the s i t e and f l o w s toward the w e s t - n o r t h w e s t . Some s i t e d r a i n a g e maya l s o f l o w a l o n g t h e r a i l r o a d t o w a r d s W a l n u t C r e e k w h i c h i s about 3 / 4 o f an p l e s o u t h e a s t o f t h e s i t e a n d f l o w s t o t h e s o u t h e a s t . T h e i n v e s t i g a t i o n sp l a n n e d a s p a r t o f t h e R l / F S w i l l i n c l u d e s u r v e y i n g t o c l e a r l y e s t a b l i s hd r a i n a g e d i v i d e s a s w e l l a s s a m p l i n g t o e v a l u a t e a n y i m p a c t o n s u r f a c ewat e r q u a l i t y .The s i t e i s u n d e r l a i n by 0-30 f e e t of a cher t-r i ch c l a y r e s i d u u m( u n c o n s o l i d a t e d d e p o s i t d e r i v e d b y w e a t h e r i n g ) . T h e f o r m a t i o n s b e n e a t ht h e r e s i d u u m a r e p r e d o m i n a n t l y l i m e s t o n e s a n d d o l o m i t e s . A g e n e r a l i z e dn y d r o g e o l o g i c c ro s s - s e c t i on i s pr e s en t ed in F i g u r e 3 . The C h a t t a n o o g as h a l e « a y a c t a s a n a q u i c l u d e b e n e a t h t h e s i t e , r e s t r i c t i n g f l o w i n t o d e e pa q u i f e r s . H o w e v e r , t h i s f o r m a t i o n w a s n o t i d e n t i f i e d * n a d r i d h o l o s e v e r a lt h o u s a n d f e e t f r o m t h e s i t e a n d i f i t i s f o u n d b e n e a t h t h e s i t e i t w i l ll i k e l y b e h i g h l y f r a c t u r e d . H o s t l o c a l w e l l s p u m p f r o m t h e P o w e l l - C o t t e rf o r m a t i o n s . H o w e v e r , m u n i c i p a l a n d i n d u s t r i a l w e l i s g e n e r a l l y t a p t h e d e e p e rR o u b i d o u * a n d G a s c o n a d e V a n Buren f o r m a t i o n s b ecause t h e P o w e l l - C o t t e rd o l o m i t e s a r e t o o l o w - y i e l d i n g f o r t h e e n v e l o p m e n t o f l a r g e w a t e r s u p p l i e s .T h e ra t e a n d d i r e c t i o n o f g r o u n d w a t e r f l o w i n t h e v i c i n i t y o f t h e s i t ei s e x t r e a e l y d i f f i c u l t t o p r e d i c t because t h e f a c i l i t y i sl o c a t e d in kar s t t e r r a n e . Karst t e r r a n e s are c h a r a c t e r i z e d by an absenceo f p e r e n n i a l s t r e a m s , s u r f a c e d e p r e s s i o n s , d o l i n e s o r s i n k h o l e s , a n ds p r i n g s . The h y d r o l o g y o f karst areas i s e x t r eme ly c o m p l e x becauseg r o u n d w a t e r occurs l a r g e l y i n s t r u c t u r a l f e a t u r e s such a s j o i n t s a n df r a c t u r e s w h i c h have been e n l a r g e d by d i s s o l v i n g the carbona t e rock( l i m e s t o n e o r d o l o m i t e ) . T h e rate o f g r o u n d w a t e r f l o w i n th e s e s o l u t i o nc h a n n e l s , or c o n d u i t s , may b e e x t r e m e l y h i g h ( i . e . c o m p a r a b l e t o rate s ins u r f a c e w a t e r ) . C o n t a m i n a n t s i n g r o u n d w a t e r f l o w i n g 1 n c o n d u i t s a r e s u b j e c tt o much l e s s a t t e n u a t i o n t h a n those m o v i n g t h r o u g h p o r o u s m e d i a because:1) h i g h e r f l o w rates r e s u l t in l e s s time f or a t t e n u a t i o n t o occur and 2)the g r o u n d w a t e r i s in contact w i t h f e w e r s u r f a c e s wh i ch c o u l d absorb con-t a m i n a n t s . G r o u n d w a t e r i n kar s t r e g i o n s I s n l g h l y v u l r t ~*ble t o c o n t a m i n a t i o ndue to the t y p i c a l l y h i g h groundwater v e l o c i t i e s and 1 » t t enuat ionc a p a c i t i e s o f c o n d u i t f l o w a q u i f e r s . T h e p o t e n t i a l f o g r o u n d w a t e r con-t a m i n a t i o n r e s u l t i n g f r o m t h e A r k w o o d s i t e i s e x t r e m e l y h i g h because was te swere p l a c e d d i r e c t l y i n t o t h e s u b s u r f a c e v i a t h e on-s1te s i n k h o l e .

Page 3: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

D o c u m e n t a t i o n o f R e l e a s e sM a s s M e r c h a n d i s e r s , * ' . ^ ( M M I - a s i t e p o t e n t i a V y r e s p o n s i b l e p a r t y ) h a sc o n d u c t e d i n t e r m i t t e n t water s a m p l i n g o f s e v e r a l w e l l s a n d s p r i n g s I n t h ev i c i n i t y o f t h e s i t e . T h i s s a m p l i n g h a s c l e a r l y i n d i c a t e d c o n t a m i n a t i o n i nC r i c k e t S p f ' i n g w h i c h i s l o c a t e d d o w n g r a d i e n t o f t h e s i t e , a n d about 2000f e e t t o th e n o r t h w e s t . W a t e r emerges f r o m the m o u t h o f a cave, or c u n d u i e( a c r a c t t o r f i s s u r e w h i c h h a s been e n l a r g e d b y d i s s o l u t i o n I n f l o w i n gg r o u n d w a t e r ) a t t h i s l o c a t i o n a n d runs I n t o a d i t c h a l o n g C r i c k e t road.D u r i n g p e r i o d s o f h i g h f l o w , t h i s d i t c h c a n b e a t r i b u t a r y t o C r i c k e t C r e e kS a m p l i n g o f t h e s p r i n g a n d t h e a d j o i n i n g d i t c h i n d i c a t e s t h e p r e s e n c e o f P C P ,t r i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e , t o l u e n e a n d a number o f P A H s ( D a t a s h e e t s a r e f o u n d i nA t t a c h m e n t s 1 a n d 2 ) . T h e s e d a t a a l s o i n d i c a t e t h a t s ev e ra l p r i v a t e wa t e rs u p p l y w e l l s near C r i c k e t S p r i n g c o n t a i n e d l o w l e v e l s o f c o n t a m i n a n t s w h i c ha r e n o r m a l l y a s s o c i a t e d w i t h wood p r e s e r v i n g s i t e s . T w o o f t h e s e w e l l s havebeen r e p l a c e d b v M M I .T h e p r o x i m i t y o f C r i c k e t S p r i n g t o t h e s i t e a s w e l l a s t h e s i m i l a r i t yo f t h e o f f - s i t e p o l l u t a n t s t o t ho s e f o u n d o n t h e A r k w o o d s i t e s t r o n g l ys u g g e s t t h a t t h e P C P a n d cr eo so t e wa s t e s g e n e r a t e d a t A r k w o o d , I n c . , haver e s u l t e d i n t h e c o n t a m i n a t i o n o f o f f - s i t e g r o u n d w a t e r a n d s u r f a c e w a t e rl o c a t i o n s ,

T o x i c o l o g i c a l P r o p e r t i e sT h e t o x i c o l o g i c a l p r o p e r t i e s o f t h e t h r e e m a j o r c h e m i c a l s , o r g r o u p sof c h e m i c a l s , p r e s e n t at the s i t e have been s u m m a r i z e d 1n the do cumente n t i t l e d C h e m i c a l , P h y s i c a l a n d B i o l o g i c a l P r o p e r t i e s o f _ C o m p o u n d s P r e s e n ta t X a z a r d o u s H a s t e S i t e s ( E P A , T 9 8 & ) . T h e f o l l o w i n g w a s a b s t r a c t e d "fromt h i s source:

1 . P e n t a c h l o r o p h e n o l ( P C P )S t u d i e s have shown that PCP is embryotoxic and f e t o t o x i c . It 1sc u r r e n t l y under e v a l u a t i o n f o r c a r c i n o g e n i c e f f e c t s b y t h e N a t i o n a lT o x i c o l o g y P r o g r a m . C h r o n i c a n d acute e x p o s u r e t o h i g h I t v e l s o f P C Ph a s r e s u l t e d i n f a t a l i t i e s . C h l o r a c n e c o m m o n l y r e s u l t s f r o m chroni chir.ian e x p o s u r e t o P C P , however , 1 t i s n o t known i f t h i s e f f e c t i s causedby PCP or the p o l y e h l o r i n a t e d d l b e n z o d l o x l n s w h i c h are f o u n d as c o n t a m i n a n t si n t e c h n i c a l g r a d e P C P . Other chronic e f f e c t s I n c l u d e h e a d a c h e , m u s c l ew e a k n e s s , a b d o m i n a l p a i n , w e i g h t l o s s a n d l i v e r a n d k i d n e y d a m a g e .L e v e l s o f PCP as low as 0.034 ppm are a c u t e l y t o x i c to f r e s h w a t e ra q u a t i c o r g a n i s m s . P C P p e r s i s t s i n n a t u r a l e n v i r o n m e n t s .

Page 4: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

2 . P o l y c y c l i c A r o m a t i c H y d r o c a r b o n s ( P A H s )Some P A H s a r e c a r c i n o g e n i c a n d m a y r e s u l t i n l o c a l a n d s y s t e m i c e f f e c t s .T e s t a n i m a l s e x p o s e d t o P A H s have d e v e l o p e d tumors o f t h e s k i n , s tomach a n dl u n g s . C a r c i n o y e n . c P A H s a r e a l s o f r e q u e n t l y m u t a g e n i c . T h e n o n - c a r c i n o g e n i ce f f e c t s o f e x p o s u r e t o P A H s i n c l u d e s k i n d i s o r d e r s , i m m u n o s u p p r e s s i o n a n dd i s o r d e r s o f t h e l i v e r a n d k i d n e y s .

3 . P o l y c h l o r i n a t e d d i b e n z o - d i o x i n s ( D i o x i n s )M o s t o f t h e s t u d i e s c . i t h e h e a l t h e f f e c t s o f J i o x i n s c o n c e n t r a t e d o n2, 3 , 7 , 8 - t e t r a c h l o r o d i b e n ^ o - p - d i o x i n . H o w e v e r , a v a i l a b l e s t u d i e s ono t h e r d i o x i n s i n d i c a t e s i m i l i a r r e s u l t s K ; t a t d i f f e r e n t dose l e v e l s .H e a l t h e f f e c t s r e s u l t i n g f r o m e x p o s u r e t o d l o x i n s i n c l u d e cancer, g e n o t o x -i c l t y , enzyme i n d u c t i o n , t e r a t o g e n i c i t y a n d r e p r o d u c t i v e t o x i d t y . " C h l o r -acne i s t h e o n l y e f f e c t o f e x p o s u r e t o d i o x i n d e f i n i t i v e l y i d e n t i f i e d i nh t j s n a n s .F r e s h w a t e r a q u a t i c s p e c i e s d i s p l a y e d a c u t e l y t o x i c e f f e c t s when e x p o s -e d t o l o w l e v e l s ( p a r t s p e r t r i l l i o n ) o f d i o x i n . D i o x i n s a r e p e r s i s t e n tin n a t u r a l e n v i r o n m e n t s and can be b i o a c c u m u l a t e d .I n summary, s t u d i e s o f t h e h e a l t h e f f e c t s o f P C P , P A H s a n d d i o x i n si n d i c a t e t h a t e x p o s u r e t o th e s e s u b s t a n c e s i s a s s o c i s f c e d w i t h numerousc a r c i n o g e n i c a n d n o n - c a r c i n o g e n i c e f f e c t s . T h e s e c o m p o u n d s a r e p e r s i s t e n ti n n a t u r a l e n v i r o n m e n t s . F r e s h w a t e r a q u a t i c o r g a n i s m s e x h i b i t a c u t e l yt o x i c e f f e c t s when e x p o s e d t o l o w l e v e l s o f P C P a n d d i o x i n .

Suawnary a n d C o n c l u s i o n sP r e l i m i n a r y I n v e s t i g a t i o n s o f t h e A r k w o o d , I n c . , w o o d - p r e s e r v i n g s i t ehave i d e n t i f i e d h i g h l e v e l s o f c o n t a m i n a n t s i n s o i l s a n d a s i n k - h o l e oil-s i t e . T h e s e c o n t a m i n a n t s i n c l u d e P C P , P A H s , benzea-*, t o l u e n e * s w e l l a sp o l y c h l o r i n a t e U d i b e n z o d i o x i n s a n d d i b e n z o f u r a n s . E x p o s u r e t o t h e s eh a z a r d o u s s u b s t a n c e s may r e s u l t in numerous c a r c i n o g e n i c and n o n - c a r g i n o g e n i ce f f e c t s ,A r e l ea s e o f h a z a r d o u s sub s tance s f r o m the s i t e has a l r e a d y been• d e n t i f l e d i n t h e g r o u n d w a t e r d i s c h a r g i n g f r o m C r i c k e t S p r i n g . A l t h o u g ht h i s s p r i n g i s no t c u r r e n t l y used for d r i n k i n g water H 1s r e p o r t e d t o havehsen used as a water s u p p l y for a l o c a l r e s i d e n t d u r i n g the e a r l y 1980s.The t o w n s p e o p l e o f Omaha a s w e l l a s r e s i d e n t s o u t s i d e t h e l o c a l waterd i s t r i c t u s* g r o u n d w a t e r a s t h e i r s o l e source o f d r i n k i n g water. Thep o t e n t i a l f o r c o n t a m i n a t i o n o f a d d i t i o n a l g r o u n d w a t e r s u p p l i e s i s s i g n i f i -cant d u e t h e na tur e o f k a r s t , o r c o n d u i t f l o w h y d r o l o g y .

Page 5: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

T h e r e l e a s e o r t h r e a t o f r e l e a s e o f h a z a r d o u s s u b s t a n c e s i d e n t i f i e d a tt h e A r f c w o o d , I n c . , s i t e a n d i n t h e wa t e r s o f C r i c k e t S p r i n g a n d i t s d r a i n a g e ,a s w e l l a s t h e s i g n i f i c a n t p o t e n t i a l f o r c o n t a m i n a t i o n o f l o c a l g r o u n d w a t e rs u p p l i e s r e p r e s e n t a n imminent a n d s u b s t a n t i a l e n d a n g e r m e n t t o p u b l i ch e a l t h o r w e l f a r e o r t h e e n v i r o n m e n t .T h e m i x i n g , o r p l o w i n g o f o n - s i t e s o i l s a n d w a s t e s m a y r e s u l t i ns ev era l s c e n a r i o s t h a t ar e l i k e l y t o i n c r e a s e th e harm or e n d a n g e r m e n tposed by l-.e s i t e . F i r s t , t h e u s e o f m e c h a n i c a l means t o mix c o n t a m i n a t e dm a t e r i a l s a t t h e s i t e w i l l l i k e l y r e s u l t i n t h e e q u i p m e n t o p e r a t o r b e i n ge x p o s e d t o h i g h l e v e l s o f t o x i c c h e m i c a l s e i t h e r b y d i r e c t c on ta c t w i t h t h ew a s t e s o r b y i n h a l a t i o n o f c h e m i c a l f u m e s ( e . g . b enzene a n d t o l u e n e ) r e l e a -s e d f r o m t h e s o i l d u r i n g t h e d i s c i n g . T h e f u m e s v o l a t i l i z e d d u r i n g d i s c i n gm a y a l s o i m p a c t nearby l o c a l r e s i d e n t s . S e c o n d , t h e m i x i n g o f c o n t a m i n a t e ds o i l s w i t h l e s s c o n t a m i n a t e d o r uncontaminated s o i l s would r e s u l t s p r e a d i n gc o n t a m i n a t e d s o i l s over a s i g n i f i c a n t l y l a r g e r area. F i n a l l y , t h e d i s c i n go r p l o w i n g o f t h e s i t e w i l l l i k e l y r e s u l t 1 n s i g n i f i c a n t d e l a y s i n t h e i n -v e s t i g a t i o n a n d e v e n t u a l c l e a n - u p o f t h e s i t e . A l l o y i n g t h e w a s t e s t o r emaino n - s i t e l o n g e r i n c r e a s e s t h e l i k e l i h o o d o f r e l e a s e s t o t h e e n v i r o n m e n t d u et o l e a c n i n y a n d e r o s i o n .

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2-27

Page 13: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

A n a l y t i c a l Data f r o m S a m p l e s C o l l e c t e d b y I T C o r p o r a t i o nR j. .. ,„_

_ A r k w o p d _ f i T c . S U e ^ U n i a h a , A r k a n s a sR e s u l t s o f S o n a n d S ' u d g e A n a l y s i s f o r V o l a t i l e P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t sS a m p l i n g P e r f o r m e d : 06*04*85C o n c e n t r a t i o n s i n u g / g m ( p p m )

S a m p l i n g P o i n t

P a r a m e t e rA c r o l e l nA c r y l o n i t r l l eBenzeneB r o m o f o r mCarbon T e i r a c h l o r l d eC h l o r o b e n z e n eC h l o r o d i b r o m o m e t h i n eChl oroethane2 * C h l o r o e t h y l v 1 n y l e therC h l o r o f o r mD i c h l o r o b r c m c m e t h a n e01 chl orodi ful uoromethane1 , 1 - D i c h l c r o e t h a n e1,2-01 chl oroethane1 , 1 - D i e h l oroethyl ene1 , 2 - D i c h l o r o p r o p a n e1, 3-Di chl o r o p r o p y l eneEthyl benzeneM e t h y l b romideM e t h y l c h l o r i d eM e t h y l ene c h l o r i e e1 ,1 , 2, 2-Tet rachl oroe thaneTet rachl oroethyl eneT o l u e n et rans-1 „ 2-D1 chl oroethyl ene1,1-1 - T r i chl t r o e thane1 1 1 ^2-Tri chl oroethar,«iTr1 chl oroethyl eneT r i c h l o r o f l u o r o m e t h a n eV i n y l C h l o r i d e

W o o d C h i pP i l e *<0.10<0,10< 0,010<0.010<0,010<0.010< 0.010<oao<0.10 .<0.010< 0.010<0.010< 0,010<0.010<0.010<0.010<0.010<0.010<0.10<0.10<0.010<0.010< 0,010<0.010< 0.010<0.010<0C010< 0,010< 0.010<0.10

R a i l r o a d D i t c hD i s p o s a l AreaC e n t e r<0.50<o!&o0.11<0.050<0.050<0.050<0.050<G.50<0.50< 0.050<0,050< 0.050<O.C50<0.050<0.050< 0.050< 0.0503.2<0.50<0,50<0.050< 0.0 50<0.0501.8< 0.050< 0.050<0* 050< 0.050< 0.050<0.50

R a i l r o a d D i t c hD i s p o s a l AreaEast Edae<0.50<0.50<0. 050<0.050< 0.050<0.050<0.050<0.50<0.500.063<0* 050< 0.050<0.050< 0.050<0.050< 0.050<0. 0500.030<U. 50<0.50<0,050<0.050<0.0500,^9< 0.050' ^ 0 . 0 5 0<0.050< 0.050<o.oso<0.50

* A n a l y s i s f o r so i l under wood c h i p p i l e , ( d e p t h o f S a m p l e N o t L i s t e d ) .

3-29

Page 14: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

A n a l y t i c a l Data f o r S a m p l e s C o l l e c t e d b y I T C o r p o r a t i o n~ R I / F S M o r i T P l a nA r k wood I n c . S i t e , Omaha a A r k a n s a sR e s u l t s o f W a t e r A n a l y s i s f o r V o l a t i l e P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t sS a m p l i n g P e r f o r m e d : 06-04-85C o n c e n t r a t i o n s 1 n u g / L ( p p b )

• *P a r a m e t e r

A c r o l e i n 'A c r y l o n i t r l l eBenzeneBromoformC a r b o n Tet rachl o r i d eC h l o r o b e n z e n eC h l o r o d l b r o a o m e t h a n eChl oroe thane2-C hi oroet h ^ l v l n y i e th erC h l o r o f o r mD i c h l orobro t t ome thaneDI chl orodi f ul uoromethane1,1-01 chl oroethane1,2-01 chl oroe thane1 ,1-01 chl oroa thyl ene1 , 2 - D U h l o r o p r o p a n e ,-.l , 3 * D 1 c h l o r o p r o p y l e n e * 'Ethyl benzeneM e t h y l b r omideM e t h y l c h l o r i d e 'M e t h y l ene c h l o r i d e1 , 1 , 2 , 2 - T e t rachl oroe thaneTet rachl oroethyl eneT o l u e n et rans-1 f 2-D1 chl oro e thy l enel j l * i - T r i c h l oroethane1 , 1 , 2 - T r i chl oroe thaneTri chl oroet hyl enetri chl orof 1 uoromethaneV i n y l C h l o r i d e

S a m p l i n g P o i n tS i n k h o l e R R tunnel S p r i n g C r i c k e tF l u i d S o u t h S i d e S p r i n g<1000 <10/10 <10<1000 <10/<10 <101,300 <1*0*/<1*0 <1«0<ioo <i.o/<i.o <i,o<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1.0<100 <1«0/<1.0 <1.0<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1.0<1000 <10/<10 <10<1000 <10/<10 <10<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1.0<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1.0<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1.0<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1.0<100 < 1 « 0 / < K O <1.0<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1.0<100 <1,0/<1.0 <1.0<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1.013,000 <1.0/<1.0 <1.0<iooo < io /< io <io<1000 <10/<10 <10<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1«0<100 <1«0/<1.0 <1.0<100 <UO/<1.0 <1.012,000 <1.0/<1.0 4.1<100 <1.U/<1.0 <1.0<1 00 <1, 0/<1. 0 <1, 0360 <1»0/<1>0 <1«0<100 <1<0/<1.0 1.9<100 <1.0/<1.0 <1.0<iooo < io /< io <io

Page 15: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

• A n a l y t i c a l D a t a f r o m S a m p l e s C o l l e c t e d b y I T C o r p o r a t i o nR l / f S W o r k P l a nArkwood I n c . S i t e , Omaha, A r k a n s a si m i i i i i • agg^j ^-Ja*»u^»^M«.apM.fcjjBMM«»M«mJ»«jMiiimaaii»B«MaB»

R e s u l t s o f H a t e r A n a l y s i s F o r V o l a t i l e P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t sS a m p l i n g P e r f o r m e d : 06-04-85C o n c e n t r a t i o n s 1 n u g / L ( p p b )

P a r a m e t e rS a m p l i n g P o i n tB i r m i n g h a mN e w W e l l B i d a m W e l l

A c r o l e l n .A e r y l o n l t r i l eBenzeneB r o m o f o r mC a r b o n T e t r a c h l o r i d eC h l o r o b e n z t n eC h l o r o d l b r o m o m e t h a n eC h l o r o e t h a n e2 - C h l o r o c t h y l v i n y l e th erC h l o r o f o r mO l c h l o r o b r o f f l o m e t h a n eD l c h l o r o d l f u l u o r o r a e t h a n e1.1-01 chl orce thane1.2-01 C h l o r o e t h a n e1.1-01 chl oroethyl ene1.2-01chl o r o p r o p & n e / 3 v1 . 3 - D 1 c h l o r o p r o p y l tn e 1 'E thyl benzeneM e t h y l b romideM e t h y l c h l o r i d eM e t h y l ene c h l o r i d e1 , 1 , 2 , 2 - T e t r a c h l o r o e t h a n eT e t r a c M oroethyl eneTol uenet rans-1 ,2-01ch loro e thy l ene" i , l - l - T r 1 c h l o r o * t h a n eI ( l t 2 - T r 1 C h l o r o e t h a n e" T r i c h l o r o e t h y l e n eT r i c h l o r o f 1 u o r o r a e t h a n eV i n y l C h l o r i d e

<LO<i!o

2.1

7.6U.O 7.8

2»31

Page 16: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

A n a l y t i c a l D a t a f o r S a m p l e s C o l l e c t e d b y I T C o r p o r a t i o n• R J / F S H o r l c P l a n !Artwood I n c . s i t e , _ Q n a h a , A r k a n s a sR e s u l t s o f S o i l a n d S l u d g e A n a l y s i s f o r B a s e - N e u t r a lE x t r a c t a b l e P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t sS a m p l i n g P e r f o r m e d ; 0 6 / 0 4 / 8 5C o n c e n t r a t i o n s I n u g / g m ( p p m )

*

P a r a m e t e rH e x a c h l o r o b u t a d l t n eN e x a c h l orocycl o p e n t a d l eneH e x a c h l o r o e t h a n eI n d e n o ( l , 2 , 3 - c d ) p y r e n eIs op ho roneN a p t h a l e n eN i t r o b e n z e n e ' .N-Wt r o s o d l m e t h y l ami neN - N 1 t r o s o d 1 - n - p r o p y l arointN - N l t r o s o d 1 p h e n y l a m 1 n e( D l p h e n y l a m l n e ) 1 * 'Phenanthren*P y r t n el , 2 , 4 - T r 1 c h l o r o b e n 2 e n e2 , 3 , 7 , 8 - T e t r a c h l o r o d l b e n z O "p - d 1 o x 1 n

W o o d C h i pP i l e *<0.10<0,10<0.10<0.10<0,40<0.10<0,10<0.10<0.iO<0,10<0.10<o,io<0.10<0.10

S a m p l i n gRR D i t c hD i s p o s a l AreaC e n t e r<50<50<50<50<200930<50<50<50<50<50<50<60<50

PointRR DitchD i s p o s a l AreaEast Ed oe<50/<50<5D/<50<50/<50<50/<50<200/<200<50/<50<50/<50< 5 0 / < S O<50/<50<50/<50

3600/3100<50/<50<50/<50<50/<50

S i n k h o l eF l u i d<SO<50<60<50<2001100<50<50<501000

2000<50<SO<50

* A n a l y s i s f o r s o i l u n d e r wood c h i p p i l e , d e p t h n o t l i s t e d .

2-33

Page 17: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

A n a l y t i c a l D a t a f o r S a m p l e s C o l l e c t e d b y I T C o r p o r a t i o nA r t wood I n c . S i t e , maha , A r k a n s a s

R e s u l t s o f S o i l a n d S l u d g e A n a l y s i s f o r B a s e - N e u t r a lE x t r a e t a b l e P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t sS a m p l i n g P e r f o r m e d : 06-04-85C o n c e n t r a t i o n s 1 n u g / g m ( p p m )Samp.l 1 ng P o i n t

W o o d C h i pP a r a m e t e r P i l e *A c e n a p h t h e n eA c e n a p h t h y l e n eA n t h r a c e n ef i e n z l d l n eB e w o f a i a n t h r a c e n eB « n z o ( a ) p y r e n e3 , 4 - B e n z o f l u o r a n t h e n eP e n i o j s . h ,1 ) p e r y l eneB e n x o j k j f l u o r a n t h e n eB i s ? - c h l o r o e t h o x y ) m e t h a n eB 1 s 2 » c h l o r o e t h y l ) e 1 t h e rB i s 2 - e h l o r o s 1 o p r o p y l ) e 1 t h e rB i s ) c h l o r c m e t h y l ) e 1 t h e rB i s 2 - e t h y l h e x y l ) p h t h a l a t e4-Broraophenyl p h e n y l e th erButyl 6 benzyl p h t h a l a t e2 - C h l o r o n a p h t h a l e n e4 - C h l o r o p h e n y l ph eny l e t h e rC h r y s e n eD i b e n z o ( a h ) a n t h r a c e n e1 , 2 - D l c h l o r o b e n z e n e1 , 3-Dichl orobenzene1,4-D1 chl orobentene3 , 3 ' - D i c h l o r o b e n z 1 d 1 n e01 e thyl p h t h a l a t eDimethyl p h t h a l a t eDt-n-butyl p h t h a l a t e2 , 4 - D f n ' t r o t o l u e n e2,6-DI n i t r o t o l u e n eDl-n-octyl p h t h a l a t e1 , 2-01 phenyl hyd r*z 1 ns( A z o b e n z e n e )F l u o r a n t h e n eF l u o n e n eK e x a c h l orobenzene

<CUO<0.iO<0.10<0.40<0.10<0,iO<0.10<0.10< 0 , I O<0.10<0.10<0.10<0.401.3<o.io<0.10<0,10<0.10<0.10<0.10<0.10<0.10<0.10<0.10<0.10<O.IO0.14<0.10<0.10<0.10<0.10<oao<0.10<0.10

RR D i t c h RR D l t C hD i s p o s a l Area D i s p o s a l AreaC e n t e r East E d g e<5066<50<200<50<50<SO<SO<50<60<50<50<200<50<50<50<50<50<50<50<60<50<50<5D<50<50<50<50<50<60<60<50<50<50

170/230<50/<50<50/<50<200/<200<50/<50- <50/<50<50/<50< 5 0 / < S O<50/<50<60/<50<50/<50<50/<50<200/<20C<50/<50<50/<50<50/<50<50/<50<50/<BO<50/<50<60/<50<50/<50<50/<50<50/<50<50/<50< S O / < 5 0<50/<50<50/<50<60/<50<60/<50<50/<50<50/<60680/520840/710<50/<50

S i n k h o l eF u l d s300<SO<50<200<SO<50<50<50<50<50<50<50<200<50<50<5U<50<50<50<SO<50<50<50<50<50<50<50<50<50<50<50370790<50

r-

* A n a l y s i s f o r s o i l u n d e r wood c h i p p i l e , d e p t h n o t l i s t e d .2-32

Page 18: Endangerment Assessment IntroductionEndangerment Assessment Introduction The Endanoerment Assessment W QJ prepared in support of litigation concerning the Arkwood, Inc. site. The goal

A n a l y t i c a l Data f o r S a m p l e s C o l l e c t e d b y I T C o r p o r a t i o n. _ R I / F S W o r k P l a n :

A r t j j f Q Q d _ _ I n c . S i t e , Q n a h a , A r k a n s a sR e s u l t s o f W a t e r A n a l y s i s f o r B a s e - N e u t r a l E x t r a c t a b l e P r i o r i t y P o l l u t a n t sS a m p l i n g P e r f o r m e d ; 06-04-86C o n c e n t r a t i o n s 1 n u g / L ( p p b )* S a m p l i n g Po1;.cRR T u n n e lS p r i n gP a r a m e t e r S o u t h S i d eA c e n a p h t h e r i eA c e n a p h t h y l e n eA n t h r a c e n eB e n z l d l n eB e n z o ( a ) a n t h r a c e n eB e n z o ( a ] p y r e n e3 t 4 * & e n z o f l u o r a n t h e n eB e n z o ( g , h t 1 ) p e r y l e n eB e n x o ( k ) f l u o r a n t h e n eB1 s (2-chl oroethoxy J m e t h a n eB 1 s ( 2 - c h l o r o e t h y l J e t h e rB 1 s ( 2 * c h l o r o s 1 o p r o p y 1 ) e j t h e rB 1 s ( c h l o r < j m e t h y l j e 1 t h e r ' 3 'B1 s (2-ethyl hexyl ) p h t h a l ate4-Brornophenyl p h e n y l e therButyl e benzyl p h t h a l a t e2-Chl o r o n a p h t h a l one4 - C h l o r o p h e n y l p h e n y l e t h e rC h r y s e n e0 1 b e n z o ( a h ) a n t h r a c e n e1,2-01 c h l o r o b e n z e n e1 , 3 - D l c h l o r o b e n z a n e1.4-D1 c h l o r o b e n z e n e3 , 3 ' - D 1 c h l o r o b e n 2 l d 1 n eD1 e thyl p h t h a l a t eDimethyl p h t h a l a t eD l - n - b u t y l p h t h a l a t e2 , 4 - D 1 n 1 t r o t o l u e n e2,6-01 n l t r o t o l u e n aD1-n*octy1 p h t h a l a t e1 , 2-01 phenyl byd razl ne( A z o b e n z e n e ) 1 'H u o r a n t h e n eF l u o r e n eH e x a c h l o r o b e n z e n e

<5.0<5.0<5.0<20<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<S.O<5.0<5.0<20<5.0<5,0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<6,o<5.0<5.0<5.0<&.o<5.0<5.0

C r i c k e tS p r i n g<5.0<5.0<5.0 '<20<5.0<5.0<5.0<&.o<5.0<5.0<5.0<ro<5.0<20<5.0<S.O<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<6.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5,0<5.0<5.0

B i r m i n g h a m B l n a mN e w W e l l W e l l<5.0<5.0<5.0<20<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<20<5.0<5.0<&.o<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<5.0<6.0<5.0<5.0<5,0<&.o

18/20<5.0/<5.0<5. 0/<5. 0<20/<20<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0< 5 e O / < 5 , 0<5.0/<5,0<5.0/<5.0<5«0/<5,Q<5.0/<5.0<5,0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<20/<20<5«0/<5.0<6.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5 aO<5.0/<5.0<5,0/<5«0< 5 . 0 / < f a . O<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.0<5.0/<5.06.3/7.1<5.0/<5.0

2-34