Target Indicator

Contributors: Wuyang Cai, Angela Yao, Jerry Shannon in Geography Department at the University of Georgia

ICACI Commission on Geospatial Analysis and ModelingChair: Xiaobai Angela Yao e-mail: xyao@uga.eduVice-chair: Bin Jiang e-mail: bin.jiang@hig.se

Note: Some of the maps come from publications from official sources.

Data and Information Source info:FAO, ESRI, researchers at the University of Georgia, USA

End hunger, achieve food security and improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

Maps communicate

spatial patterns

and spatio-temporal

analysis results

effectively

Undernourishment data: FAO Statistics Division (ESS)Political boundaries: FAO Global Administrative Unit Layers (GAUL)Global relief: ETOPO1 (National Geophysical Data Center - NOAA)

Inland water bodies: FAO Land and Water Division (NRL)

NOTES

SOURCES

About 793 million people in the world still lack suf�cient food for conducting an active and healthy life.

Yet progress has been made, even in the presence of signi�cant population growth. Approximately 218 million fewer people suffer from undernourishment than 25 years ago and 169 million fewer than a decade ago.

The year 2015 marks the end of the monitoring period for the Millennium Development Goal targets. Seventy-three out of 129 developing countries – more than half the countries monitored – have reached the MDG 1C hunger target of halving the proportion of the chronically undernourished.

In developing regions the target was almost achieved, with the share of undernourished having decreased during the monitoring period from 23.3 to 12.9 percent.

Some regions, such as Latin America, the east and southeastern regions of Asia, the Caucasus and Central Asia, and the northern and western regions of Africa, have made fast progress. Progress was also recorded in southern Asia, Oceania, the Caribbean and southern and eastern Africa, but at too slow a pace to reach the MDG 1C target.

In many countries that have failed to reach the international hunger targets, natural and human-induced disasters or political instability have resulted in protracted crises, with increased vulnerability and food insecurity among large segments of the population.

1 2 3 4 5 6

The latest global undernourishment estimates published in SOFI 2015 have been slightly revised due to a change in the underlying data of two countries. In particular:

1. New information on agricultural production in Senegal, provided by the Agence Nationale de Statistique et de la Démographie, has led to a revision of the national per capita availability of calories. Based on the updated data, new estimates of the Prevalence of Undernourishment and Number of Undernourished people for the periods from 2010-12 to 2014-16 were calculated.

2. Estimates on food losses at the retail level for Oman were modi�ed, leading to a minor revision

of the national per capita availability of calories. Based on the updated data, new estimates of the Prevalence of Undernourishment and the Number of Undernourished people were obtained for Oman.

As a result of these revisions, estimates for the relevant regional and global aggregates, as well as special country groups, have also been updated.

These revisions do not change the overall assessment of the state of global food insecurity described in SOFI 2015.

Burundi

Canada

Brazil

Australia

Kazakhstan

China

Russian Federation

United States of America

Peru

Oman

Mali

Iraq

ChadSudan

Egypt

Yemen

Spain

Niger

NepalLibya

Kenya

Japan

Italy

India

Ghana

GabonCongo

Chile

Zambia

Uganda

Turkey

Sweden

Poland

Norway

Mexico

Guyana

Guinea

Greece

France

Angola

Uruguay

Ukraine

Tunisia

Somalia

Senegal

Romania

Nigeria

Namibia

Myanmar

Morocco

Iceland

Hungary

Germany

Finland

Eritrea

Ecuador

Belarus

Austria

Algeria

Zimbabwe

Viet Nam

Thailand

Suriname

Paraguay

Pakistan

Mongolia

Malaysia

Ethiopia

ColombiaCameroon

Cambodia

Bulgaria

Botswana

Nicaragua

Indonesia

Argentina

AzerbaijanUzbekistan

Tajikistan

Mozambique

Mauritania

Madagascar

Kyrgyzstan

Bangladesh

South Sudan

Philippines

New Zealand

Afghanistan

Turkmenistan

South Africa

Saudi Arabia

Burkina Faso

Côte d'Ivoire

United Kingdom

Papua New Guinea

Syrian Arab Republic

Central African Republic

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

United Republic of Tanzania

Lao People's

Democratic Republic

Democratic Republic

of the Congo

Bolivia (Plurinational State of)

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Slovenia

The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Liechtenstein

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Niue

Togo

Fiji

Cuba

Tonga

Samoa

Qatar

Palau

Nauru

Malta

Haiti

Benin

Cyprus

IsraelJordan

Serbia

Tuvalu

Rwanda

Panama

Monaco

Malawi

Latvia

Kuwait

Gambia

Bhutan

Belize

Armenia

Vanuatu

Republic of Moldova

Liberia

Lesotho

Lebanon

Jamaica

Ireland

Grenada

Georgia

Estonia

Denmark

Croatia

Comoros

Belgium

Bahrain

Albania

Anguilla

Slovakia

Portugal

Maldives

Kiribati

Honduras

Djibouti

Barbados

Swaziland

Sri Lanka

Singapore

Mauritius

Lithuania

GuatemalaMontserrat

Montenegro

Seychelles

Luxembourg

Costa Rica

Cabo VerdeMartinique

Timor-Leste

Switzerland

Saint Lucia

Netherlands

El Salvador

Sierra Leone

Guinea-Bissau

French Guiana

American Samoa

Czech Republic

Solomon Islands

Marshall Islands

Republic of Korea

Equatorial Guinea

Brunei Darussalam

Dominican Republic

Trinidad and Tobago

Antigua and Barbuda

United Arab Emirates

Sao Tome and Principe

West Bank and Gaza Strip

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Micronesia (Federated States of)

0°0'0" 0°0'0"

120°0'0"E60°0'0"E0°0'0"60°0'0"W120°0'0"W

Target achieved

Target not achieved, with slow progress

Target not achieved, with lack of progress or deterioration

Missing or insuf�cient data

Not assessed

Not assessedMissing or insuf�cient dataTarget 1C achievedTarget 1C not achieved, with slow progress

Target 1C not achieved, with lack of progress or deterioration

LEGEND

LEGEND

25% 34.9% - High

<5% Very low

35% and over - Very high

5% 14.9% - Moderately low

Missing or insuf�cient data

15% 24.9% - Moderately high

LEGEND

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4E/1/05.15

Millennium Development Goal 1 and World Food Summit Hunger Targets

Produced by the FAO Statistics Division

For additional information:http://www.fao.org/economic/ess

500 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000250Kilometers

Millennium Development Goal 1, target 1C: halve, between 1990-92 and 2015, the proportion of people suffering from undernourishment, or reduce this proportion below 5 percent. The indicator measures the proportion of the population below the minimum level of dietary energy consumption (undernourishment). The assessment is not conducted for developed regions.

Prevalence of undernourishment: measures the probability that a randomly selected individual in the population is consuming an amount of dietary energy, which is insuf�cient to cover her/his requirements to lead an active and healthy life.

World Food Summit (WFS) goal: halve, between 1990-92 and 2015, the number of people undernourished.

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of FAO concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country, territory or sea area, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers.

GOALS

End hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round.Ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production.

Prevalence of Undernourishment (PoU)Prevalence of popuation with moderate or severe food insecurityEmissions of greenhouse gasses in agriculture (per hectare of land and per unit of output).

Mapping the reality of food insecurity in the World The prevalence of undernourishment (PoU) is analyzed for each country and visualized in the world map. Changes of PoU have been monitored and visually presented in the map. It is shown that the progress of reduction in number of undernourished has been made in all world regions, but at different rates.

Between the monitoring period of 1990-2015, more than 50% of the developing countries have at least halved the propoportion of the chronically undernourished. But the map also shows that many countries still have not reached the international hunger target, with increased vulnerability and food insecurity among large segments of the population.

The ICA Commission on Geospatial Analysis and Modeling focuses on spatial analysis, modeling and data mining, often with links to the geovisualization and visual analytical approaches. The commission encourages consorted efforts on cutting-edge or emerging research directions related to geospatial data and problems.

Sustainable agriculture

GIS and mapping have been used as enabling technology for sustainable agriculture and food production. The GIS and GPS-enabled mobile device technologies allow planners, agronomists and farmers to research and devise for resilient agricultural practices and better productivity.For example, emissions of greenhouse gasses per hectare of land and per unit of output can be accurately estimated based on precise geolocation, observation, and measurement.

Prevalence of population with moderate or severe food insecurity at fine urban and regional scales

The prevalence of food insecurity also needs to be studied at the local level. This is often done with special consideration of the income level and people’s spatial accessibility to healthy food. The mapping of the analysis results helps to identify areas where improvements are urgently needed. The maps below show such areas in Atlanta, USA.

GIS for sustainable agricultureMap source: Esri book

Map title Map title

Boundaries on maps may seem definitive, but there are often different perspectives on their status and position. This poster series is compiled from many sources by cartographers from different countries. The ICA tries to be neutral in such matters and boundaries shown reflect those found on the ground, in existing maps, or recognized by the United Nations. The ICA acknowledges that there may be different opinions and interpretations.