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Enabling large-scale subsea processingSubsea solutions from Siemens.

Answers for energy.

The future of oil and gas recovery lies in accessing increasingly compli-cated reserves. Subsea processing opens the door to more cost-efficient developments, especially for long step-outs, marginal and dispersed fields and for deeper waters.

A milestone on the road to large-scale seabed processing facilities will be the Siemens Subsea Power Grid that is able to operate for longstep-outs with total reliability withstanding extreme pressure and harsh temperatures.

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Easy oil is overSetting out for large-scale subsea processing

As technology leader on land-based power grids, Siemens has the strength and ability to configure complex power transmission to multiple subsea consumers. Beside high focus on R&D, broad experience with subsea power concept studies as well as marinization expertise for deep-sea trans-formers and compressors, Siemens has ten years experience on subsea control and communication.

In fact, Siemens is the trusted partner that brings subsea processing visions to life.

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Future subsea processing facilities will grow to include several electrically

driven pumps and gas compressors to transport oil and gas over very long

distances. As a trusted partner for the subsea industry, Siemens will offer

robust Siemens Subsea Power Grids for variable speed drives and other

electrical subsea loads supplied from an onshore power plant or platform.

72 kV Siemens Subsea Power Grid. Long step-out. At a depth of 3,000 m: a paradigm shift for subsea production

Siemens Subsea Power Grid offerings

Subsea Power Distribution• CompleteSiemensSubseaPowerGrid

andSubseaPowerControlandMonitor-ing, offering a fully managed electrical distribution solution

• Seamlessintegrationtotop-sidecontroland electrical infrastructure

• Enablingsubseaprocessing

Subsea Control and Monitoring• Flexibleandefficientinterfacesto

sensors and intelligent systems • Reliabledataservicesforflow

assurance• Highdatatransferrate• Subsearatedsafetysystems–SIL• Onlineadvisorysystemonshore• Heattracingforpipelinessubsea• Integrationoftie-inproductionsystems

withexistingtopsidecontrolsystems

Subsea Compression and Boosting• STC-ECOsubseacompressor

6 7

The Siemens Subsea Power Grid is based on proven high-quality industrial compo-

nents from Siemens: transformers, switchgear and variable speed drives. The

power components allow an installation on a common base frame distributed at

seabed. All components within the Siemens Subsea Power Grid are retrievable.

Three musketeers for one dedication:large-scale subsea processing

The Siemens Subsea Power Grid components

Step-down transformer• Forvariablespeeddriveofpumpmotors• Typicalrating72kV/6.6kVforavariablespeed long step-out power supply to consumers installed in up to 3,000 meters water depth• Hermeticallysealed,fluidfilled(pressurecompen-

sated) transformer base design• Cooling:passivetransferoftheheattothesea

MV switchgear• Modulardesignwith4vacuumcircuitbreakers

mounted 2 by 2 in two canisters at low overpressure• Fluidfilledbase,functioningasfoundationofthe

switchgear station and as housing for the main bus bars, the wet-mate connectors and the measuring transformers

• Designvoltage:36kV• Transmissionmode:3phase,AC• Mainbusbarcurrent:3,000A• Outgoingfeedercurrent:1,000A(20to60Hz)• Pressurecompensatedbusbarbasesection• InstallationofvacuumcircuitbreakersinSF6 filled

canisters at low overpressure• Cascadabledesignformoreconsumers

Variable Speed Drive (VSD)• Powerrating:5MW• Modulardesign,pressurecompensatedenclosure,

suitable for installation and operation at a depth of 3,000 meters• Lowweight:approx.50MT• Footprint:25–30m2

• BasedonPerfectHarmony,re-designedandrebuilt to meet subsea requirements

• Configurationforoperationinparallelmodefor higher power ratings

• Passivecoolingsystemforheattransfertosea

Choose full flexibility and reliabilityThe various power system components can be installed on a common base frame. Offering pressure compen-sated enclosures, active components will preferably operate in oil. Passive cooling systems avoid failure of ancillary systems and reduce the Mean Time Between Failures(MTBF)oftheoverallsystem.Powerelectron-ics and vacuum circuit breakers will be installed in SF6 filled chambers at low overpressure.

Overlooking best performance A dedicated power management & performance monitoringwillensurecostsaving,lifetimeextension,reduced maintenance and increased availability. For maximumavailability,anintegratedmodel-basedpre-diction of remaining life of the Siemens Subsea Power Grid components will monitor and store operationalkey data statistics and provide blackout prevention.

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Representing a quantum leap in subsea compressor technology, Siemens has

developed its STC-ECO motor compressor. Five essential design goals are realized

to match the requirements of subsea applications: no seals, increased plant safety,

increased uptime, zero emissions and a five years maintenance interval.

STC-ECO: canned, clean and smart for wet and non-clean gas applications

Motor Rating (MWatt)

Speed (r. p. m)

5

0

10

15

20

40002000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000

25

STC-ECO (HP2)

STC-ECO (HP1)

STC-ECO (LP2)

STC-ECO (LP1)

Introducing the seal-less STC-ECOSubsea applications have either suffered frompoorsealreliabilityorinvolvehaz-ardousandtoxicgases.BasedonSiemensfield-proven hermetically sealed technol-ogy,theSTC-ECOhasproventhecredibil-ity of its concept and design, which offers dramatically improved productivity and environmental performance.

Increased safetyTheSTC-ECOfeaturesafullyintegrated,canneddesign.Comparedtosolutionsconsisting of discrete components, this represents a substantial reduction of interfaces and, hence, providing a major improvement in safety.

Increased uptimeTheSTC-ECOhasbeendesignedforulti-mate ruggedness while at the same time reducingcomplexity.With5+yearsmain-tenance intervals, it offers superior avail-ability and unparalleled lifetime value.

Technology platform for dirty-gas applicationSTC-ECO,theSiemensseallesstechnologyplatform, has been designed for dirty-gas application in the upstream, midstream and downstream sectors. Focus applica-tions will include field depletion, gas and oil separation, gas gathering, gas lift and many others.

Compact footprintTheSTC-ECOcomeswithabuilt-invariable-speeddrive,offeringmaximumflexibilityofoperation.Atthesametime, the vertical, integrated concept enables a drastic reduction in the overall footprint, requiring minimal space in the plant layout.

2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000

Speed (rpm)

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The subsea control unit involves commercial off-the-shelf components for critical

applications with high demands on reliability and availability. The system is scalable,

installed in a nitrogen filled canister and designed for installation and operation at

a water depth of 3,000 meters.

Subsea control, monitoring and communication solutions

High-speed communication over power linesAs a rule, the addition of sophisticated instrumentation toexistingproductionsystemsrequirehigh-speedcommunication. The DPM broadband level modem from Siemens provides high-speed communicationcapabilitiesontheexistingpowercableoverlongdistances. Additional wiring or fiber-optic cables are thus superfluous.

Highly flexible control and monitoringThe subsea controller is ideally suited for a wide range ofapplications.UtilizinganindustrialPC-104stackanda real-time operating system, it easily interfaces with advanced instruments. Virtually all standard interfaces areavailableforthesystem.IntegratingafasterCPUormoreRAMdoesnotrequiremajordesignchanges.Also, all power and communication signals aregalvanically isolated from the remaining subseacontrol circuitry.

Direct electrical heating for flow assuranceTheDirectElectricalHeating(DEH)isconstitutedofa single-phase cable, which heats the oil pipeline. The aim of the cable, such as to heat the pipeline and keep it at a possibly constant temperature, is achieved throughthedissipatedpower.TheDEHofsubseapipelinesisapotentialtobeexplored.Siemensin-house technology solutions are suitable as basis for a subsea deployment.

Gas leak detectionEarly gas leak detection is an essential preventionmeasure. Siemens has developed a method to integrate instrumentationandfunctionsintoexistingsubseainstallations. The subsea control system includes a reli-ablesonar-basedapplication.Inadditiontohigh-speedcommunication with topside, the controller supports several different communication interfaces for subsea equipmentsuchasCANbus,PROFIBUS,Ethernet,aswellasdiscreteI/O.

Sand monitoringContinuouslymonitoringsandproductioncanprolongthe life of a brown field. Siemens has developed a method to integrate additional instrumentation and functionalitiesintoexistingsubseainstallationswithoutthe need for major redesigns of the original control sys-tem. The first unit of this kind was successfully installed in 2001. The method developed by Siemens involves the integration of a Sand Monitoring subsea controller intotheexistingpowerloop,allowingittocoexistwiththe original control system.

More innovations to comeThankstoitshighlyflexibledesign,thesubseacontrolsystem is an optimal solution for the installation of complexinstruments.Newdevelopmentareastobeconsidered are applications such as vibration, environ-ment and corrosion monitoring, as well as process control, fibre-optic communication networks and an Ethernet connector.

Selected monitoring applications

• Networkcontrol(blackoutpreven-tion, load shedding, etc.)

• Seacableconditionmonitoring• Automatedrestartsequenceafter

blackout• Operationalkeydatastatistics• Earlydetectionofpotentialfailures• Reportingofgracefuldegradationof

highly available components• Model-basedpredictionofremaining

availability of power components• Remotefaultdiagnosistotopsideor

onshore operational center

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Topping off the subsea solutions:seismic exploration

Hydrocyclone oil/water separatorsWiththeirpressurizeddesign, hydrocyclone sepa-rators are well suited for subseaoil/water/solidssepa-ration of produced water. The hydrocyclone is avail-ableinbothliquid/liquidandsolids/liquidseparationdesigns.

Dissolved Gas Flotation (DGF) separatorsThe Vorsep DGF separatoris a compact flotation separation system with no moving parts other than the patented Brise Pump recirculation/pressurizationsystem. The compact pressure vessel design makes it suitable for subsea applications.

Walnut shell filtersFree of moving parts, the unique walnut shell fiterdesign from Siemens requires low mainte-nance attention. Just a compressed air supply is needed to clean the filter media.Comparedtoalternatives, the highrate design reduces cost and footprint require-ments. The pressurevessel design of the filter makes it applicable for subsea applications.

Electrochlorination for water injection systemsSiemens is currently conductinganR&Devaluation aimed at incorporatingitsChlo-ropac electrochlorinator into a high pressure ves-sel for subsea dosing of hypochlorite into injec-tion water. Valued for its proven self-cleaning design,theChloropaccell has been adapted for high-pressure subsea systems.

For over five decades, Siemens has been providing state-of-the-art water

treatment systems to the oil and gas industry, offering continuous improvements

in efficiency while at the same time reducing costs and equipment footprint.

An overview of some of our advanced technologies for subsea produced water

treatment is shown below.

Converters for innovative seabed logging. The rapidly emerging field of seabed

logging (SBL) is reducing risk and creating value for subsea operators by delivering

subsurface resistivity data before drilling a well. Siemens in co-operation with

EMGS developed and built a power converter for performing highly accurate

offshore electromagnetic surveys for finding hydrocarbons or oil.

Cost-efficient and effective subsea water treatment

SBL converter: key benefits

• Applicableinwaterdepthsup to 3,500 meters

• Endurepressurecycling• Highcurrent:1,500A• Fieldprovenexperience:

up to now, 16 units allowed more than 26,000 survey hours

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References: proven subsea excellence

Subsea control system

Client: Statoil/StatoilHydroProject: Snorre UPA subsea

oil production facilityLocation: North SeaDepth: 350 metersStart-up: 2000

Scope of supply:• Completeindependentcontrolsystem,including subsea canisters, modems and electronics, well supervision and down-hole and X-tree monitoring• OPCinterface&PCtesttool• Event-drivencommunicationonpowerlines• Newpowerfulmulti-tasksubseacontroller• RedundantcommunicationutilizingPROFIBUS

DPM in focus: The broadband modem from Siemens transmits data about bore holes, such as temperature, pressure, oil flow rate and sand content, to a platform controlsystemlocatedattheSnorreAplatformsixkilometers away. Data is used to continually update theoilreservoirmodel.Thiswillhelptooptimizeproductionandextendthefield’slifetime.Withoutinterrupting production, the monitoring system was quicklyinstalledatexistingfacilities.

Prototype testing of subsea compressor

Client: Shell/NAM(50%Shell&50%Exxon)Project: Vries-4 gas gathering site, GroningenLocation: NetherlandsStart-up: 2006

Scope of supply:• STC-ECOsubseacompressor• 6.3MWvariablespeedinduction• 12,200rpm• Operatingspeedrange:30–105%ofnominalspeed

Formorethan20months,STC-ECOhasoperatedwithdirty process gas in modulating mode and under rou-tine asset control. Performance continued to the full satisfactionoftheoperator.Inspectionshowedthatallinternal components were in perfectly good condition.

Subsea transformer

Client: PetrobrasProject: PROCAPLocation: CarapebaField,CamposBasin/BrazilDepth: 1,000 metersStart-up: 1998

Scope of supply:• Oilfilledsubseapowertransformerratedat750kVA• 10.5kV/3.5kV• Fordown-holedrive

Thereservesinthefieldsaccountfor64%ofthetotalreservesinBrazil.Theimportanceofdeep-watertechnologyisduetothefactthat65%ofthepotentialoil discoveries in the future will be in deep and ultra deep water. The development of a power transmission system in medium voltage and variable frequency for a long distance was necessary. This allows reducing the number of platforms to drain giant fields.

Our experience in providing subsea power

systems to offshore operators comprises

more than 15 years. Up to now, Siemens has

delivered more than 15 subsea tie-in projects

to clients around the world. Building on ex-

perience, innovation and success, with every

delivery we gained new milestones on the

way to large-scale subsea processing.