Empowering Women- Empowering India

GJUS&T initiatives for prevention of crime against women

Report submitted to

Haryana State Commission for Women

Submitted by

Guru Jambheshwar University of Science &

Technology, Hisar, Haryana

2013

Table of Index

Chapters Page Number

1. Introduction to crime against women in India (1 -5)

2. Awareness programmes for preventing crime

against women (06-14)

3. Survey Report on crime against women (15-39)

4. Administrative provisions and suggestions (40)

5. Appendix : Survey of questionnaire (41-42)

Empowering Women- Empowering India: GJUS&T initiatives for prevention

of crime against women.

The growth and development of the nation and society depends upon the growth and

development opportunities for all including the female gender. Without participation of 50% of

the population in social, political, and economic decision-making, we cannot grow in a sustained

manner. In 2012 women occupied only 8 out of 75 ministerial positions in the central council of

ministers. There were 2 women judges out of 26 judges in the Supreme Court and there were

only 54 judges out of 634 judges in different High courts in India. The gender patterns of most

parts of India is in many way deeply male dominating with lower sex ratio of born girls,

patrilineal inheritance, patrilocal marriages, and women in different ways being denied access to

the public sphere. India ranks 132out of 187 countries on the gender inequality index (UNDP,

March, 2013). These continuing gender inequalities can be partly explained by the dearth of

female participation in socio-economic and political decision making. At the end of 1992, the

Indian parliament passed amendment acts 73 and 74 to the constitution with the intent to reserve

1/3 of the seats for women in gram panchayat elections (article 243). Still in the prevailing

socio-cultural environment, the thought of women as politicians is perceived as unfit in a

patriarchal philosophy. Discouragement and discrimination not only hamper their work

performance but also make them vulnerable to various psychological problems. The issues of

identity, work-family balance, and societal attitudes towards women are affecting the psyche of

women in society. The irrational and biased attitude towards female is witnessed in the form of

female feticide, honor –killing, domestic violence, sexual violence and acid attacks.

Discrimination in socialization at various levels is increasing the vulnerability of problems.

INCIDENCE OF CRIME AGAINST WOMEN DURING 2011(NCRB)

(All India 228650)

Although women may be victims of any of the crimes such as 'Murder',' Robbery', 'Cheating' etc,

the crimes, which are directed specifically against women, are characterized as 'Crime against

Women'. These are broadly classified under two categories

(A) The Crimes Identified Under the Indian Penal Code (IPC)

1. Rape (Sec. 376 IPC)

2. Kidnapping & Abduction for different purposes ( Sec. 363-373)

3. Homicide for Dowry, Dowry Deaths or their attempts (Sec.

302/304-B IPC)

4. Torture, both mental and physical (Sec. 498-A IPC)

5. Molestation (Sec. 354 IPC)

6. Sexual Harassment (Sec. 509 IPC)

7. Importation of girls (up to 21 years of age)

(B) The Crimes identified under the Special Laws (SLL)

Although all laws are not gender specific, the provisions of law affecting women significantly

have been reviewed periodically and amendments carried out to keep pace with the emerging

requirements. Some acts which have special provisions to safeguard women and their interests

are:

1. The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948

2. The Plantation Labour Act, 1951

3. The Family Courts Act, 1954

4. The Special Marriage Act, 1954

5. The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955

6. The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 with amendment in 2005

7. Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956

8. The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 (Amended in 1995

9. Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961

10. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971

11. The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1976

12. The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976

13. The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006

14. The Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 1983

15. The Factories (Amendment) Act, 1986

16. Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986

17. Commission of Sati (Prevention) Act, 1987

18. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005

Indian government’s special initiatives for women

Some special initiatives were taken by government of India for building confidence and

self dependency across Indian women. Some of them include:

(i) Establishment of National Commission for Women as a statutory body in January 1992

with specific mandate to study and monitor all matters related to constitutional and legal

safeguards provided for women, review the existing legislation to suggest amendments wherever

necessary, etc.

(ii) Reservation for Women in Panchayat & Municipalities (Local Self Government): The

has been done by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act passed in 1992 to ensure one-third of

the total seats for women in all elected offices in local bodies whether in rural areas or urban

areas.

(iii)Implemented ESCAP Project on Improvement of Statistics on Gender Issues during

1994-96 by organizing the first National Workshop on Improvement of Statistics on Gender

Issues in 1994 followed by Second National Workshop in 1995, at New Delhi. These workshops

laid the foundation of identifying various relevant issues including data requirement, data gaps in

the field of gender statistics and indicators on gender issues. Started bringing out the regular

Annual publication “Women and Men in India” since 1995.

(iv)National Plan of Action (NPA) was prepared in 1998 for Improvement of Statistics on

Gender to bridge the data gaps. In a meeting held at Rome in December 2007 in wake of Global

Gender Forum, it was decided by IAEG that India would chair an Advisory Committee for

capacity development in Gender Statistics.

(v) The National Plan of Action for the Girl Child (1991-2000) to ensure survival, protection

and development of the girl child with the ultimate objective of building up a better future for the

girl child.

(iv) National Policy for the Empowerment of Women (2001) to bring advancement,

development and empowerment of women in all spheres of life through creation of a more

responsive judicial and legal system sensitive to women and mainstreaming a gender perspective

in the development process. The strengthening and formation of relevant institutional

mechanisms and implementation of international obligations/ commitments and co-operation at

the international, regional and sub-regional level was another commitment.

(v) The Protection of women from domestic violence Act, 2005: It provides for more effective

protection of the rights of women guaranteed under the constitution that are victims of violence

of any kind occurring within the family and for matters connected herewith or incidental thereto.

It provides for immediate and emergent relief to women in situations of violence of any kind in

the home.

(VI) Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD) was created in January 2006

and is the nodal Ministry of the government of India for the advancement of women and

children.

(VII). The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights – It is a statutory body set up

in March 2007 to protect, promote and defend child rights in the country.

Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology initiatives for

prevention of crime against women

There are family concerns, social mechanisms, legal systems, and more over educational

policies to curb and prevent the incidents of violence against women but the incidents are

witnessing in the society at a large. Legal awareness, timely justice, mindset change and

psychological empowerment may help in the prevention of crime.

The GJUS&T initiatives for preventing the crime against women can be classified into

three categories: (i) awareness programmes (ii) survey and research activities (iii)

administrative provisions.

I Awareness programmes

1. “Save female child, save future”: A rally on preventing female feticide.

A rally was organized by the NSS volunteers of the university in the village mayyad and kameri

of district hisar for creating awareness among village people on preventing female feticide.

Volunteers displayed number of meaningful slogans on display panels in the street of villages.

One of the objectives of the activity was to create the awareness within the students regarding

discrimination with girl child in the society. Volunteers themselves collected the literature on the

problem. They themselves prepared the display material. An interactive session was organized

with the village people including the elected representatives of Gram Panchayat for creating

awareness and sensitivity on the issue of female feticide. It was discussed that gram sabha can

play a important role in preventing crime against women at village level. Although there is some

improvement in sex ratio still as per Census 2011, In the age‐group 0‐6 years, the share of

female child population is 47.8% of the total child population in that age‐group. Among

the states this share varies between 45.4% (Haryana) and 49.3% (Mizoram). The sex‐ratio

(number of women per 1000 men) is 940 in 2011 which shows continued improvement

over the sex ratios of 927 in 1991 and 933 in 2001. Among the states, in censes 2011,

Kerala has the highest sex ratio of 1084 and Haryana has the lowest of 877. There are number of

laws to curb this menace but legal empowerment needs to be converted into psychological

empowerment.

Sex selective abortion has also been common in the country. It's dangerous to abort the foetus

after 18 weeks of pregnancy and quiet harmful for mother too at such a late stage. Various

techniques of sex determination and sex pre-selection have been discovered during the last

fifteen years, such as sonography, fetoscopy, needling, chorion biopsy and the most popular

amniocentesis have increasingly become household names in India. Social awareness

programmes may be instrumental in some extent to change the mindset of people.

2. Interactive session with elected Panchayat representatives:

Social acceptance of the gender discrimination is a big problem. Social evils cannot be

eradicated without the social support of people. Gram Panchayat can play an important role in

making the society gender sensitive. Involving people from female gender in decision making of

village not only strengthens the democracy at grass root level but also makes the policy of

development more sustainable. It was discussed with members that we should respect women in

the family. Without respecting the women as in different roles we cannot socialize our children

in a rationale way. Some taboos, irrational fears, social inhibitions attached with the

involvement of female gender in mainstream decision making were also addressed.

Education of girl child is equally important as of male child. Information was also given

regarding the legal facilities and socio-economic empowerment schemes of government for

women. An important requirement for bringing about empowerment of rural women is to bring

about an attitudinal change in both men and women. The feeling that women are meant for

household activities and bearing children needs to be replaced by a feeling of equal partnership

of women and men. To inculcate this, they should be imparted education for bringing about

social and political awareness among both.

3. Work-shop on prevention of crime against women :

One day work-shop on prevention of crime against women was organized by the National

Service Scheme of Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar during the

state level NSS camp at GJUS&T, Hisar. 200 NSS volunteers representing all the universities of

Haryana participated in the workshop on “Prevention of crime against women”. Mr. Satish Balan

SP, Hisar was the key speaker on this occasion. Mr. Balan highlighted that some unhealthy

traditions and irrational beliefs associated with female gender are to some extent responsible for

crime against women. He answered the number of queries raised by the students. He further

emphasized that along with effective implementation of law and order in the change in attitude

towards women is the only sustainable solution to the problem.

4. Panel discussion on prevention of crime against women

A panel discussion was conducted on the theme prevention of crime against women by

the NSS wing of the university. Experts from different domain of society interacted with the

students. Prof. R.K.Yadav (DSW, CCSHAU,Hisar), Dr. Nirmala , (Principal), Madam Kamal

(Advocate, Hisar) , Madam Suman jain (Social activist) interacted with the students and

discussed various socio-cultural and legal aspects associated with crime against women. Prof.

Yadav emphasized that cultural sensitivity is required to prevent the crime. Dr. Nirmala

highlighted that strict laws and women empowerment can be the solution to the problem. Madam

jain sensitized the youth towards the problem of female feticide. Legal experts have given more

emphasis on legal literacy and fast justice in order to control the problem. Dr. Sandeep Rana,

programme coordinator, NSS, GJUS&T, Hisar emphasized the participation of females in social,

economic and political decision making. It has been observed that holistic approach is required

to prevent the crime against women.

5. Personality development work-shop for students

A personality development workshop was organized by the NSS wing of the university in

the campus. 260 students participated in the workshop. The objective of the activity was

to inculcate the positive life skills among youth. How to handle the peer pressure?

Managing interpersonal relationships, saying no to alcohol and drug-addiction, feeling of

team spirit and gender sensitivity, empathy building, career consciousness and conflict

handling styles are some of the issues discussed in the work shop. Some experiments

were conducted by the experts on how to develop positivity. It has been concluded in the

experiment that negativity can only be countered with positive thoughts. Assertiveness

training and effective communication can avoid some form of undesirable behavior.

Sharing of unpleasant thoughts and actions are required to avoid their repetition. To work

in a team without hampering the interest of other person is very much essential to grow in

life.

(Personality development work-shop for students)

6. Poster making and slogan writing competition for preventing crime against women

(12-02-2013)

National Service Scheme of Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology

organized a Poster making and slogan writing competition among university students on the

theme prevention of crime against women. The objective of the activity was to seek creative

suggestions for the solution of the problem related to female feticide, eve-teasing, sexual

violence etc. To create feeling of gender sensitivity among university students. To Dr. M.L.

Ranga, Vice-Chancellor of the University inaugurated the event. He personally interacted with

more than 150 participants to share their views on the issue. On this occasion Dr. Ranga

emphasized that youth can be instrumental in solving the problem of crime against women. He

further said that change in mindset along with legal awareness is required to prevent the problem.

Ms Isha and Ms Megha from pharmaceutical department got the first and second prize

respectively. Mr. Dharmvir from Haryana School of Business got the 3rd

prize in poster making

competition.

(Vice- Chancellor Dr. M.L. Ranga interacting with the students of poster making and

slogan writing competition)

7. Celebration of Women’s Day (08-03-2013)

National Service Scheme of Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar

celebrated the international women’s Day on the theme of “Empowering Women Empowering

India”. Theme based activities were organized in the programme. A report of the Survey

conducted on 1200 students from colleges and university on crime against women was presented.

Thirty two girl students who are toppers in their respective classes were honored on this

occasion. They were given motivational and personality development books. Certificate and

motivational books were also provided to the winners of poster making competition. NSS

volunteers presented some documentaries to sensitize the youth towards the issue on this

occassion. Prof Anubha Kaushik, Chairperson, Department of Environmental Science, &

Engineering, was the guest of honour on this accession Prof MS Turan , Dean, Academic

Affairs, of the university was the chief guest on this occasion . He emphasized the relevance of

interdependence for better social equilibrium. Prof. S.C. Kundu, Chief Warden and Director of

Haryana School of Business, indicated the positive initiatives happening in society for females.

Dr. Sandeep Rana programme Coordinator, NSS emphasized that involvement of women in

social, economic and political decision making may help them in achieving empowerment and

take part in nation building.

(ii) Survey Report

The survey was conducted on a sample of 1200 college and university students to know their

view points towards the problem of crime against women. The objective of the survey was to

understand the mindset of young people regarding the causes of gender violence, sexual violence

and other forms of crime against women. As the problem is more linked with youth population

without knowing their perceptions for the reasons and solution of the problem we cannot resolve

the issue in a sustained manner. The survey was conducted with the help of a questionnaire

having 23 statements. The survey questions covers the varied aspects related to reasons and

solutions of the problem related to individual, societal, legal, and cultural aspects associated with

the crime. The identity of the respondents was kept confidential in order to seek the objective

response. There was no mentioning of “Name” in the survey questionnaire only the information

related to age and gender were taken in the demographic variables.

Specific objectives

1. To understand the youth perception towards the role of social factors in crime against

women.

2. To understand the youth perception towards the role of cultural factors in crime against

women.

3. To understand the youth perception towards the role of legal factors in crime against

women.

4. To understand the youth perception towards the role of family in crime against women

5. To know the young people views towards the solution of crime against women

Sample:

The study was conducted on a sample of 1200 college and university students (700 male & 500

female) with age range from 17 to 24 years. The sample was taken from the district hisar.

Research tool/test

The study was conducted with the help of survey questionnaire having 23 items. Among all the

questions 18 items are of multiple choices in nature. Three items were put without any given

alternate with a purpose to seek original responses from the respondents for causes and solution

of the problem. Identity of the respondents was kept confidential in the survey.

Procedure:

The data was collected individually as well as in groups as per the convenience of the

participants. They were informed about the objective of the research. After collecting the

information it was statistically analyzed.

Statistical analysis:

To simplify the information frequency distribution and graphical presentation were used in the

study.

Findings and Discussions

Among the 1200 respondents 95.7% reported that they are familiar with the facts that crime

against women has been increased in the recent times. This question was framed just to know the

familiarity of the participant towards the issue. Although the crime against women has

historically roots. There was cultural acceptance of gender discrimination. Due media reporting,

increase in the registration of FIRs, changing nature of crimes (cyber crime-sexual violence) and

access of information, majority of people perceived the increase the crime rate against women.

The data given by National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) also mentioned the increase in the

crime against women.

It has been observed by the 50.5% respondents that attitude of society towards the female gender

to a large extent responsible for crime against women. Considering the women as a dependent

gender creates the vulnerability for the problem. 26.4% participants believe that degradation in

moral values is responsible for the problem. Lacking in ethical standards dehumanize the social

relations and instrumental in the increase in the crime against women. In response to this

question 15.1% subjects said that poor law and order situation is responsible for this problem.

Whereas 8% youth reported that illiteracy is responsible for the crime against women.

The important observation is that social institutions as well as educational institutions are

not developing the human quotient required to prevent the crime against women. There is a need

to re-validate the social assumptions in order to create the rational attitudes towards women in

the society. Woman continues to bear the major load of the household activities. Her primary

role is often viewed by the society as housewife.

90.6% young people observed that the non-reporting of cases of crime against women is the

family and social prestige. Women has considered as a symbol of ijjat/bejjati in the society.

Social pressure and fear of community discard also linked with the problem of non reporting of

cases. The non-reporting of cases creates the stage for social acceptance of the problem. Without

punishing the culprits we are strengthening the illegal behaviors. That becomes a vicious chain

and repetition of crime. Constitution of India provides equal rights and opportunities for both the

genders but due to unhealthy social taboos we are not involving the 50% of the population in the

mainstream of the society. This concept of social prestige inhibit the growth of girls in the

family, insecurity mounts in the mind parents, less support for education to girl child. All these

factors are responsible for the increase in the crime against women.

This is a hard reality in our society that there is discrimination in the socialization girls and boys

in the family. Having low status of mother in the family and behavioral discrimination with the

girl child are responsible for low self-efficacy and less psychological empowerment of females.

The preference for having sons permeates all social classes in India, which sets the standard for

girls throughout their entire lives. GOI Planning Commission (2008) indicated that

discrimination against women and girls impinges upon their right to health and manifests itself in

the form of worsening health and nutrition indices. Mostly males take the important decision in

the family and in the society. This makes women as voice less and destroys herself confidence

and she may have the feeling of worthlessness in the family as well as in the society.

Among the entire respondents 78.9% reported that discrimination to girls at family level makes

them less confident. Whereas 21.1% responded in a negative manner in response to this question.

It has observed that family is an important agency of socialization. Less involvement of girls in

family decision making make them psychologically weak. There is a need to give equal

opportunities of learning and decision making to girl child in order to make them socially and

psychologically empowered. They should give the equal opportunities of professional education.

Research reviews reveal that given the opportunities women delivered the job in better way.

Professional competencies may be helpful in changing the perception of society towards the

women.

Young generation is of the view that we should not link social prestige only to female gender.

80.6% youth participants reported that attaching ijjat/bejjati feeling only to women is not

justifiable. Whereas 19.4% reported in a positive manner. There is gender discrimination on this

issue. Gender discrimination is meant only for women, because females are the only victims of

gender discrimination. Although there is discrimination at various level to the girl child in the

society but this specific discrimination make them vulnerable for crime against women. The

symbol of family and community prestige is more than the law even in so called educated

societies. The state of lawlessness further aggravates the problem. There is a need to attitude

change in the society for such type of gender discrimination.

In a response to question regarding the major causes for the crime against women in society.

40.4% reported that perception towards female as a weak gender is the main reason for crime

against women in India. 33% youth participants reported that not having the fear of law and

order is responsible for the problem. 24.6% students revealed that lack of proper understanding

of interpersonal relationship cause the crime against women. Only 2% participants reported the

role of friends in this connection. The findings depicted that perception of better law and order

situation may be helpful in preventing the crime against women in society. The very important

observation is that young people are not having the rationale understanding of interpersonal

relationships. The concept of joint families is diminishing. If parenting is poor the major source

of socialization is friendship and poor understanding of relation may make the vulnerability of

crime.

Majority of young people believes genetically that girls and boys have equal capabilities

for learning and growth. 88.2% revealed that both the genders are equally competent

biologically. 11.8% reported that there is a gender difference at birth level. Ironically

biologically both the genders are equally capable; constitution of India provides the equal

opportunities for both the gender. If the out is poor it may be attributed to our agencies of

socialization. Faulty perceptions and beliefs prevalent in the society are responsible for crime

against women in society.

It is hard fact that women are considered as dependent gender in the society. Here 86.5%

young participants revealed that society perceives female as dependent gender. 13.5%

participants reported that they are not considered as dependent in the society. Women are not

even having their identity from their own name. She may be called mother of someone, wife of

someone, or may known as sister of somebody. This perception that they are not capable to take

their own decision, they cannot make their security is creating the problem in the society. This is

instrumental in vulnerability towards crime against women in India. Most of cultural traditions

symbolize women who need support from outside. Where social norms and traditions are more

than the law any irrationality in the social customs makes the distortion in perception and

vulnerability for crime.

67.7% of the young people reported that decrease in the gender ratio is one of the causes of

crime against women. 32.2 % participants of the survey reported in a negative manner. Although

the crime against women depends upon number of factors but it seems to be correlated with the

less availability of female’s gender in the society. Cultural preferences for male child, feeling of

insecurity for girl child, dowry, property clashes and many more unhealthy practices are

responsible for female feticide in the society. The perceptions related to marriage are also linked

with this problem. Ironically the more educated and so called economically developed societies

are having less number of girl children. Along with law enforcing agencies there is a need to re

validate our social assumptions, customs, taboos and traditions for the biasness towards female

in the society.

Justice delayed is justice denied this has been observed by the young participants in the survey

conducted by the NSS wing of the university. 62.5% participants reveled that not having the fear

of law and order is the main cause of the crime against women in India. It is not the law & order

that is important the equally important is the perception of law and order. Early decisions,

actions are helpful in making the perceptions. Again 20.3% respondents revealed that poor

understanding of interpersonal relationship is linked with the problem of crime. 9.2% revealed

that peer pressure is responsible for such type of crime. 8% are of the opinion that women

themselves are responsible for the crime. Finally on this statement the important observation is

that there is need to improve the perception of law & order.

In the question which is the main cause of sexual violence among youth, 43.1% reported that not

having the fear of law & order. 26.9 % revealed that to watch pornography is responsible for the

crime against women. 20.9 % accepted that alcohol and drug addiction is responsible for the

problem of crime against women among young population. The finding of law & order has

already been discussed. The other important finding is watching of pornography by young

people. Excessive restricted information creates the state for experimentation by the young

people. At the one side society does not allow to share the views on the issues related to sex and

on the other side easy availability of porn material confusing the young minds. Having no

relevant source for guidance sometimes they may experiment. This situation may create the

vulnerability for crime against women in society.

Reporting of crime is very important aspect for controlling the crime. Unfortunately social

pressure is a big hurdle in the reporting of crime related to sexual violence. 50.5% young

participants reported that we do not register a FIR in case of crime against women due to societal

reasons. Very alarming situation is that 30% reported that one of the reasons that there will be no

justice in case of crime against women. 14.4% reported that attitude police is responsible for the

non registration of FIR in case of crime against women. 5.1% people also accepted that fear of

family is also linked with the problem.

Here 49.1% youth respondents reported that to prevent the crime against women they should be

psychologically empowered. 31.6% revealed that social empowerment is necessary to control the

incidence of crime. Only 16.3% observed that physical empowerment can help in the prevention

of crime. 3% people supported the economic empowerment. Better socialization at home,

participation in decision making, autonomy for goal pursuance, acceptance of the talent, freedom

to take life decisions may be helpful in the psychological empowerment of women. With mental

toughness it is difficult to face the adverse situation present in the society. There is a need to

develop certain mechanisms in the educational institutions where we can help in the overall

development of students. Social empowerment may be helpful for not accepting the undue social

pressures, unhealthy social and cultural traditions.

Discrimination at any level deprived the equal opportunities for growth and development.

Unfortunately the discrimination at family level distorts the overall personality, affecting the

self-efficacy and may create the vulnerability for crime. 56.4% participants reported that there

should not be any discrimination with the female in the family. 21.8% revealed the we should

stop discrimination at work place and the equal number of respondents reported that

discrimination should not be there in the educational institutions. Having fair atmosphere of

learning is helpful in the development of rationale mindsets, self-confidence, and overall

personality development. Unfortunately women are facing discrimination at various levels and

this affecting their psyche adversely.

The report of the survey revealed the major reasons of involvement of youth in sexual violence.

It has been observed that not having the fear of law & order is one of the reasons (23.52%).

Legal literacy is required in educational institutions to make the young population familiar about

the consequences of undesirable acts. This is the age of experimentation having poor source of

socialization young people may lack in rationale decision making and involve in crime. Habit of

alcohol and drug-addiction further worsen the problem (13.4%). It is rightly said that better alone

then in bad company. The influence of bad company, pressure of peers may be responsible of the

crime (9.10%). To watch the pornographic material may create a feeling of experimentation and

cause vulnerability for crime (13.48%). Negative attitude towards women in the society is the

another reason (11.29%). Narrow thinking (14.05%) the degradation of the moral values (6.87%)

is also one of the reasons for the involvement of youth among sexual violence. Poor

understanding of interpersonal relations (8.17%) may be another factor for crime against women

by the young people.

In the findings of the survey majority of the young people reported that the problem is linked

with the social and cultural traditions of the society. Without social awareness of the problem it

cannot be resolved. There is need at societal level to come forward for not accepting the social

evils of crime against women in the society. There is need to provide equal opportunities of

learning and decision making for girls in the family. Another group of young people believed

that self defense training may be helpful in controlling the crime against women. To inculcate the

moral values to the new generation may make the decision making more positive. To facilitate

the feeling of respect for women in the society may be helpful in controlling the crime against

women in society.

In consistent with the previous observations 44.4% youth reported that family can play a major

role in controlling the crime against women. Here the role family is linked for not discriminating

the girl child at home. Do not accept the undue pressure of social taboos. 24.4% people reported

that fair policing may control and prevent the crime against women in society. Police can be

instrumental for the solution of problem for early registration of FIR. Empathetic behavior to the

affected party me be helpful in better police-public relations. 17.5% participants reported that

early delivery of justice, harsh punishment to the persons committing crimes may solve the

problem. Only 6.8% young population reported that political persons can play role in the solution

of the problem. 7.3% students reported that non-government organizations may help the society

for preventing crime against women in society.

The women reservation bill is pending in the parliament for a long. Presently pending in the

lower house (lok-sabha). Political participation at higher level creates the stage for real

empowerment of women in the society. 59.7% young participants reported that passing women

reservation bill in the parliament may help in controlling the crime against women in society.

40.3% participants are of the opinion that this is not linked with the prevention of crime. To a

large extent and psychologically speaking power changes the perceptions. Opportunities for

decision making at higher level not only create the feeling of empowerment but also instrumental

in removing the unhealthy customs and traditions associated with female gender. Participation is

required at higher level in order the change the perceptions in society.

It has been reported by 87.7% youth participants that psychological counseling cells may be

helpful in channelizing the energy of students in right direction and ultimately helpful in the

prevention of crime. If a young child gets the proper of guidance of education, career and

interpersonal relationships early in the life number of problems can be avoided including the

vulnerability to commit a crime. Poor frustration tolerance level and poor handling of peer

pressure sometimes increase the impulsivity in behavior and consequently proneness to crime.

Youth development activities in the academic institutions are helpful in overall personality

development of the students including the rationale mindsets. Career and guidance facilities in

educational institutions are helpful in developing the decision making skills among students and

this may prevent the undesirable actions including violent actions. Counseling cell are helpful in

the early detection of psychopathology among youth and may prevent the crime associate with

any psychological problems. There is a need of mechanisms where training can be imparted to

students regarding interpersonal relations.

Involvement in decision making is ultimately helpful in empowerment of women in society.

74.8% youth participants reported that women should be involved in family, social, economic

and political decision making. Participative decision-making not only make the decisions more

sustainable but also improves in win-win situation and self efficacy. Family should take care of

this for involving the girl child in the decision making of family. There is requirement at

Panchayat level to involve females in the decision making of village and community

development. And same concept is applicable to the urban societies. Political parties must

understand the role of women in national development. Ignorance of half of the population is not

a composite and inclusive development of society. More involvement of women is required in

the political decision making of the nation. Ultimately this empowerment will change the

perception of society towards the women.

We got the near about equal response when asked whether any kind of reservation to girls in

educational institutions solve the problem. 52.9% youth participants responded that reservation

may be helpful. This can be interpreted in the light that parents may feel the more probability of

girls getting admissions in educational institutions and ultimately linked with the job

opportunities. 47.1% young people believe that reservation to girls in the admissions will not

solve the problem. Ultimately there is a requirement to change in the mindset of people by social

awareness and by needed actions of law enforcing agencies.

In a response to open ended question 31.49% participants reported that government must ensure

the stern actions to the culprits. Effective law and order situation is helpful in creating the

perceptions of security among society. 12.6% youth participants reported that timely decisions

by the court may be helpful in preventing the crime against women in society. 9.47% students

revealed that psychological counseling cells may be helpful in prevention of crime by providing

timely guidance to vulnerable and to shape the young minds in positive directions. 2.65% also

supported that government should banned the undesirable material available on internet. Finally

these suggestions particularly improving the perception of law and order may be helpful in the

prevention of crime against women.

Iii) Administrative provisions at university level.

1. Eve teasing cells are established in each department of the University for providing the

girls students a platform for their greaviences.

2. Students counseling cells have been introduced in each of the department of the

University for Understaning the problem of students.

3. The office of the women cell is functional in the university to look after the problems

associated with females in the university.

4. Proctorial office is looking after the law and order situation in the university.

Suggestions for future actions:

1. There is a need to constitute a task –force constituting the experts of

psychology/sociology/law/ by the state and centre government to research on the

issue of crime against women in a stipulated time for making sustainable policies

2. Gender sensitivity workshops in educational institutions, for police people, teachers,

parents and sarpanches etc.

3. Establishment of formal guidance and counseling cells in educational institutions.

4. Legal awareness workshops for students

5. Gender sensitivity and awareness programmes at village level.

6. Policies based on researches may give more desired results in the prevention of crime .

Appendix.