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DOLE's Employment Guide
Citation preview
EMPLOYMENT GUIDE
FOR STUDENTS &
JOBSEEKERS
Department of Labor and Employment
Intramuros, Manila
Introduction
This Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers brings
together in one publication the various programs and services of the
Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) that correspond to
cycles of wage employment and self-employment. This Guide is
devised as a useful, handy and reader-friendly material to help
students and jobseekers start their employment options and how to
prepare for their choice.
Thus, this Guide is organized along three (3) options for
employment: (a) wage employment, whether local or overseas;
(b) self-employment; and (c) skills training and upgrading of
qualifications. The wage employment option covers the normal job
cycle ranging from job application to termination of employment.
The self-employment option deals with the entrepreneurship or
practice of profession cycle. The skills training and upgrading of
qualifications option provides the individuals with the information
on how to improve their chances of employability by acquiring skills
and furthering their studies.
This Guide is an essential component of the DOLEs Labor and
Employment Education Program.
For a more comprehensive discussion on the various labor and
employment education topics, you can visit the DOLE website at
www.dole.gov.ph, together with the websites of its attached
agencies and bureaus listed hereunder.
ROSALINDA DIMAPILIS-BALDOZ
Secretary
ii
iii
Table of Contents
Introduction..... i Table of Contents .... iii Using this Guide. iv
The Big Picture 1 Brief....................... 3 Topics at a Glance 5 Labor Market Information (Options)
Wage Employment Local or Overseas .. 6 Self-Employment.. 14 Skills Training and Upgrading of Qualifications. 15
The Cycle 23 Brief.......................... 25
The Job Cycle 27 Topics at a Glance Wage Employment Local or Overseas Starting a Job... 29 During a Job.. 37 Leaving a Job. 49 List of Programs and Agencies to Contact 57
The Entrepreneurship or Practice of Profession Cycle
79
Topics at a Glance Entrepreneurship or Practice of Profession Starting ... 81 Managing... 87 Restoring 95 List of Programs and Agencies to Contact.. 100
Acknowledgment 104
iv
Using this Guide
This Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers contains
relevant information on many basic situations in every phase of the
job cycle or entrepreneurial or practice of profession cycle in a
simplified question-and-answer format. Information is presented in
a categorized manner based on the phases of every cycle.
Students and jobseekers have a choice in determining the type of
employment they would want to be engaged in. They may opt to
apply for wage employment locally or abroad. They may want to be
self-employed by establishing their own business. They may also
want to avail first of a training or scholarship that would enable
them to acquire knowledge or skills and to fulfill the qualification
requirements of their desired job.
These options are all explored in the students or jobseekers
situational and first-person perspective.
The Guide is also complete with the latest contact details (including
websites and hotlines) of all concerned agencies for easy access to
all the needed information.
THE BIG PICTURE
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 2
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 3
The Big Picture Brief
Opportunities and challenges abound in the world of work. Students and jobseekers, especially the new graduates, can land the best job given the right information and the right chances. Students and jobseekers want to get the best jobs available. A lucrative career with the best perks available, including opportunities for training, scholarship and advancement is ideal. Careers can be pursued in the domestic or foreign shores. Students and jobseekers may opt to be the Boss. This can be realized by starting a business or practice of profession. However, being the Boss and working for a Boss demand time, effort and commitment. Both instances require taking risks and responsibilities. Working for a Boss, in particular, requires submission to management control and being covered by terms and conditions of employment. Upgrading of skills and qualifications is also an option. Students and jobseekers can opt to pursue technical-vocational or advance courses or take advantage of available scholarships offered by government. Moreover, it may be the most opportune time to get assessed, certified or licensed for preferred skills and professions. Most often, choosing the right opportunity will spell the distinction between success and failure. All these will boil down to choices. The Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers seeks to provide students and jobseekers, including those unemployed, assistance on looking for employment or starting a business. The Guide presents three (3) options: (1) Wage Employment; (2) Self-Employment; and (3) Skills Training and Upgrading of Qualifications. The succeeding sections shall discuss each option in situational forms.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 4
As a reminder, lifes choices will determine triumphs and disappointments. This brings to mind the famous quote of the author Harvey MacKay, Find something you love to do and youll never have to work a day in your life. It is only a matter of taking the chances and working towards achieving the goals that will spell a difference.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 5
Topics at a Glance
Page
Option 1. Wage Employment Job Opportunities (Local & Overseas).
6
In-Demand Skills and Courses 12
Sources of Job Vacancies 12
Option 2. Self-Employment
Assistance to Livelihood Undertakings/ Entrepreneurship/Practice of Profession
14
Option 3. Skills Training and Upgrading of Qualifications
Training Programs and Education Services..
15
Technical-Vocational, Apprenticeship, Learnership, Dual Training System, Skills Upgrading...
16
Scholarships .. 17
Competency Assessment and Certification
19
Licensing
20
Eligibility for Government Service 21
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 6
Labor Market Information A. Wage Employment (Local or Overseas) 1. What are the job opportunities?
There are local and overseas job opportunities.
a. Local employment opportunities
Local employment opportunities are classified as in-demand and
hard-to-fill jobs which are in 15 industries/sectors that have been
identified to come out the greatest employment opportunities until
2020. In-demand jobs refer to job vacancies which are frequently
posted because these are important to the operations of the
business while hard-to-fill jobs refer to job vacancies that have few
applicants or are lacking in qualified job applicants.
INDUSTRY IN-DEMAND JOBS HARD-TO-FILL JOBS
1. Agribusiness Animal husbandry
Agricultural economist
Coconut farmer
Entomologist (Plant)
Farmer (Fruit, Vegetable &
Root Crops)
Fisherman
Horticulturist
Plant Mechanic
Rice Thresher Operator-
Mechanic
Veterinarian
Pathologist
Feed Processor/Food
Technician
Fishery Technologist
2. Cyber services Animator
Accountant HR Outsourcing
Specialist
Call Center Agent
Medical Transcription Editor
Computer Programmers,
Developers (software, web)
IT (MIS Developer)
3. Health &
Wellness
Nurse
Herbologist
Optician
Optometrist
Doctor
Physical Therapist
Pharmacist
Medical Technologist
Laboratory Technician
Physician/ Surgeon
Spa/Massage Therapist
Masseur
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 7
INDUSTRY IN-DEMAND JOBS HARD-TO-FILL JOBS
4. Hotel &
Restaurant
Front Office Agent/Attendant
Baker
Food Server & Handler
Food & Beverage Service
Attendant
Waiter
Bartender
Room attendant
Other Housekeeping Services
Reservation Officer & Other
Frontline Occupation
Tour Guide
Cook
5. Mining Geologist
Mining Engineer
Geodetic Engineer
Metallurgical Engineer
Mining & Metallurgical
Technician
6. Construction Fabricator
Piper Fitter
Welder
Engineer (Civil, Electrical,
Design, Structural, Planning &
Contract)
7. Banking &
Finance
Operations Manager
Teller
Accounting Clerk
Bookkeeper
Auditor
Cashier
Credit Card Analyst
Finance Analyst/Specialist
Accountant
Risk Management Officer
8. Manufacturing Electrical Technician
Finance & Accounting Manager
Food Technologist
Machine Operator
Sewer
Chemist
Electrical Engineer
Industrial Engineer
IT Specialist
Machinist
Mechanical Engineer
Mechanical Technician
Chemical Engineer
9. Ownership
Dwellings & Real
Estate
Building Manager
Construction Manager
Construction Worker
Foreman
Mason
Welder
Real Estate Agents/Brokers
Marketer
Civil Engineer
Mechanical Engineer
Surveyor
Architect
10. Transport &
Logistics
Checker
Maintenance
Mechanics
Stewardess
Gantry Operator
Ground Engineer
Heavy Equipment Operator
Long Haul Driver, Pilot
Transport & Logistics
Machinery Operator
Aircraft mechanic & other rel.
skills
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 8
INDUSTRY IN-DEMAND JOBS HARD-TO-FILL JOBS
11. Wholesale and
Retail Trade
Merchandiser / Buyer
Salesman / Saleslady
Promodizer
Cashier
12. Creative
Industries
Broadcast Engineer
Video Editor
Video Graphic Artist (Animator)
Visual Artist Designer
3D Modeler
3D Artist
3D Animator
Flash Animator
13. Diversified/
Strategic
Farming &
Fishing
Fisherman
Aqua-culturist
Horticulturist
Farmer (Root crops, fruit and
vegetable, upland & lowland)
14. Power &
Utilities
Electrical Control Operator
Equipment Operator
Electrical Technician
Mechanic
Mechanical Technician
15. Renewable
Energy
Checker
Loader
Electrical Engineer
Mechanical Engineer
Quality Control Engineer
Information is regularly updated every two (2) years.
Source: Project Jobs fit
b. Overseas employment opportunities
Overseas employment opportunities are categorized by
industry/sector/skills in either land-based or sea-based jobs.
1. In-demand Land-based Jobs
MAJOR OCCUPATIONAL
CATEGORY INDUSTRY/SECTOR/SKILL COUNTRY
Agricultural & Related
Workers
Agricultural Workers Austria, Commonwealth of
Northern Mariana Islands
(CNMI), Japan, Malaysia,
Libya, Taiwan, Korea,
Poland
Administrative &
Related Workers
Administrative Staff,
Manager,
Bank & Corporate workers
Libya, Kuwait, Singapore,
Switzerland
Clerical & Related
Workers
Clerks,
Document Controller
UAE
Production & Related
Workers
Construction workers:
Aluminum Installer,
Carpenter, Concrete
Electric/Mechanical
Assistants, Electricians,
Erectors, Fabricators,
Finishers, Draftsmen, Drillers,
Brunei, Japan, Macau,
Malaysia, Taiwan, CNMI,
Poland, Germany, Cyprus,
Libya, Oman, UAE, KSA,
Korea, Poland, Germany,
Cyprus, Libya, Oman, UAE,
KSA, Korea, Poland
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 9
MAJOR OCCUPATIONAL
CATEGORY
INDUSTRY/SECTOR/SKILL COUNTRY
Foremen, Heavy equipment
Operators, Helpers/
Watchmen, Mason, Pipe
Fitters, Plaster Painters,
Plasterers, Plumbers, Riggers,
Safety Officers, Welders,
Mechanics
Oil and Gas Workers:
Instrumentation
Kuwait, Libya, Oman, KSA
Professional,
Technical, Medial &
Related Workers
Architecture & Engineering:
AutoCAD Draftsmen,
Firefighters, Engineers (Civil,
Piping, Design,
Scheduling/Planning,
Chemical, Mechanical, HVAC
Design, Structural, Bio-
Medical, Communication and
Agricultural), Emergency
Medical Technicians
Education:
Teachers, Professors,
Lecturers
Health:
Nurses, (Operating Nurse,
Anaesthetic Nurse, Scrub
Nurse, Theatre Nurse, Critical
Care/ICU Nurse, Pediatric
Nurse)
Malaysia, Macau, Middle
East, Belgium, Germany,
Japan, Norway, KSA Libya,
Seychelles, Macau, US,
Korea, Middle East,
Belgium, Spain, Italy,
Poland, Switzerland,
Denmark, Finland, Norway,
Brunei, Singapore, Taiwan,
Japan, Switzerland, Israel,
Japan
Sales & Related Worker Salesmen/Saleslady UAE, Macau
Service & Related
Workers
Hotel/Tourism Workers:
Cooks, Chefs, Managers,
Waiters, Waitresses
Ground Handling Crews,
Casino/Gaming Workers,
Receptionists, Entertainers
Service Workers: Cleaners
Libya, Kuwait, UAE, CNMI,
Oman, KSA, UAE, Korea,
Macau, Singapore, Romania
Brunei, Macau, Singapore,
Hongkong
Italy, Macau, Singapore,
UAE, Taiwan
Information is regularly updated every two (2) years.
Source: Project Jobsfit
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 10
2. In-demand Sea-based Jobs
MAJOR
OCCUPATIONAL
CATEGORY
IN-DEMAND JOBS HARD-TO-FILL JOBS COUNTRY
Professional
Technical &
Related Officer
Ships Deck Officers
and Pilot:
Master, Ship Master,
Master Marine, Chief
Mate, Chief officer,
Second Officer, Second
Mate, Third Officer,
Third Mate, Officer-in-
Charge Navigational
Watch/Engine Watch
Engineer Ships:
Chief Engineer,
Second Engineer,
Third Engineer,
Fourth Engineer,
3rd Asst. Engineer,
1st Asst. Engineer
Engineers: Gas
Engineer
Doctors Medical: Medic
(for Rig)
Ships Deck Officers
and Pilot: Master,
Master Mariner, Master
in Chemical, Chief
Officer, Chief Officer
in Chemical, Chief
Mate, Second Officer,
Second Mate, Third
Officer, Third Mate,
Fourth Officer,
Provision Master,
Electrical Officer,
Deck Officer,
Management Level
Deck & Engine,
Officer-in-Charge
Navigational Watch/
Engine Watch
Engineer Ships:
Chief Engineer,
First Engineer,
First Engineer in
Chemical,
First Asst. Engineer,
Second Engineer,
Second Asst. Engineer,
Third Engineer, Third
Officer Asst. Engineer,
Fourth Engineer
Far East/
Worldwide,
Middle
East/USA/
Europe,
Angola
Service Workers Cooks, Waiters,
Bartenders & Related
Workers: Messman
Cooks and Related
Workers:
Chief Cook, Culinary
Chef
Waiters, Bartenders
and Related Workers:
Bartender
Cooks and Related
Workers:
Chef of Partie, Sous
Chef, Chief Cook
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 11
MAJOR
OCCUPATIONAL
CATEGORY
IN-DEMAND JOBS HARD-TO-FILL JOBS COUNTRY
Housekeeping &
Related Service
Workers: Housekeeping
Staff
Production and
Related Workers
Transport
Equipment
Operators and
Laborers
Ships Deck Rating
Barge Crew &
Boatmen: Deck Cadet,
Ordinary Seaman, Able
Seaman, Able Bodied
Seaman, Bosun
Ships Engine-Room
Ratings: Engine Cadet,
Wiper, Oiler 1, Pump
Man
Machinery Fitters
Machine Assemblers &
Precision Instrument
Makers Except
Electrical (NEC): Oiler
Welders and Flame-
Cutters: Welder
Wiremen Electrical:
Electrician
Production & Related
Workers: Fitter
Ships Engine-Room
Ratings: Pump Man,
Engine Rating (Fitter &
Oiler)
Machinery Fitters
Machine Assemblers &
Precision Installer
Makers Except
Electrical (NEC): Oiler
Wiremen Electrical:
Electrician
Production & Related
Workers (NEC): Fitter
Unclassified Music & Entertainment
Personnel
Source: Analysis of In-Demand Skills & Hard-to-Fill Positions for Overseas Employment
For more details, view or download the DOLE Project Jobsfit Report
at www.ble.dole.gov.ph and www.phil-job.net and the Analysis of
In-Demand Skills and Hard-to-Fill Positions for Overseas
Employment at www.poea.gov.ph. For more overseas land-based
and sea-based job opportunities, visit www.poea.gov.ph and
www.nmp.gov.ph, respectively.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 12
3. What are the in-demand skills and courses?
Technical education and skills development (TESD) programs/ courses with high employment rates are the following:
Welding NC II (SMAW, GMAW, GTAW) Machining NC II Contact Center Services NC II 2D Animation NC III Career Entry course for Software Developers Consumer Electronics Servicing NC II Autocad Industrial Electrician NC II Automotive Servicing NC II Masonry NC II Heavy Equipment Operator NC II (HEO all types) Security Services NC(I, II) Massage Therapy NC II RAC (PACU/CRE) Servicing NC II Driving NC II
Source: 2011 Impact Evaluation Study of TVET Programs
TESD programs are registered under the Unified TVET Program Registration and Accreditation System (UTPRAS) of TESDA. The list of TESD institutions with registered programs are available at www.tesda.gov.ph/inc/tvi/aspx.
4. Where can I find job vacancies?
Phil-job.net (The Official Job Matching and Labor Market
Information Portal of the Philippine Government)
Public Employment Service Offices (PESOs) located in local
government units (LGUs) in your area of residence
Job search kiosks located in selected malls and DOLE Offices
(POEA, TESDA, NRCO, DOLE Regional Offices, etc.)
Thru Trabaho i-text Mo. Just text Trabaho and send to 2376
for Globe
POEA website (www.poea.gov.ph/cgi-bin/JobVacancies/jobsMenu.asp)
Job fairs
Private employment agencies
Other internet-based job boards
Classified ads (newspaper, radio, TV)
OFW organizations
Job placement offices in schools
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 13
Human Resources Development (HRD) units of establishments
Referrals of family members, friends and acquaintances
To avoid being victims of illegal recruiters, kindly visit
www.ble.dole.gov.ph, www.poea. gov.ph or the nearest DOLE
Regional/Field Office in your area to check on the list of licensed
job boards and private recruitment agencies. Do not transact with
recruiters without valid licenses.
5. How can the Phil-job.net help me?
Visit www.phil-job.net which can be accessed anytime and submit
your application online. Your skills can be matched to the job
vacancies based on the qualification requirements of the
employers. The Phil-job.net service is free.
6. What must I do if I want to work abroad?
Prepare your resum with detailed past and present work
experiences, education and training. Make sure you have
enough money to cover expenses in processing your documents
such as birth and/or marriage certificates, high school/college
diploma, passport, employment certificates, NBI clearance, 2 x
2 ID pictures, medical examinations, etc.
Be guided by the 21-step Working Abroad Preparation Checklist
of the POEA posted at www.poea.gov.ph or inquire at the
nearest POEA, DOLE Regional/Field Offices and PESO.
Attend a Pre-Employment Orientation Seminar (PEOS) at
accredited establishments.
Apply only at a licensed recruitment agency.
Verify if the recruitment agency has an approved job order at
the nearest office of the POEA in your area or visit
www.poea.gov.ph.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 14
B. Self-Employment
1. What assistance can DOLE offer if I want to engage in a livelihood
undertaking?
DOLE offers an Integrated Livelihood Program or the DILP. The
DILP provides livelihood assistance to individuals, groups and
communities such as training-cum production, starter kits, nego
karts, and other services. For more details, visit the nearest
DOLE Regional/Field Office, PESO or www.bwsc.dole.gov.ph.
In case there is an established business, the DOLE can help in
enriching your business through productivity training such as
ISTIV-Bayanihan, service quality and green productivity. For
more details, visit www.nwpc.dole.gov.ph.
To ensure safety and health at the workplace, the DOLE has
occupational safety and health (OSH) training and similar
services. For more details, visit www.oshc.dole.gov.ph.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 15
C. Skills Training and Upgrading of Qualifications 1. I want to gain the skills and competencies required by the job.
What training and education services are available for students,
out-of-school youths (OSYs), occupationally disabled workers
(ODWs) and unemployed?
The technical education and skills development (TESD)
programs of TESDA, as the primary agency responsible for
quality education and skills, are available through any of the
following:
a. Institution-based training TESD programs offered by
public or private institutions, schools or training centers;
b. Enterprise-based training TESD programs implemented
within companies through any of the following programs:
o Dual Training System
o Apprenticeship Program
o Learnership Program
c. Technology-based community training TESD program
conducted in the community by public or private TESD
institutions in partnership with LGUs, NGOs and other
government agencies.
Technical education and skills development is delivered through a
network of about 4,500 TESD providers. The programs are geared
towards acquisition of employable skills under the following
sectors:
a. Automotive
b. Construction
c. Metals and Engineering
d. Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning
e. Electronics
f. Agriculture and Fishery
g. Processed Food and Beverages
h. Tourism
i. Health and Other Community Development Services
j. Information and Communications Technology
k. Transport
l. Maritime
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 16
m. Garments
n. Footwear and Leathergoods
o. Furniture and Fixtures
p. Utilities
TESD programs should be registered under the Unified TVET Program Registration and Accreditation System (UTPRAS) of TESDA. The list of TESD institutions with registered programs is available at www.tesda.gov.ph/inc/tvi/aspx.
The Special Program for the Employment of Students (SPES)
of the Bureau of Workers with Special Concerns (BWSC) offers
bridging employment for poor but deserving students, including
OSYs and children of ODWs. Students enrolled in technical-
vocational courses and tertiary education may avail of the
program year-round while high school students may avail during
summer vacation and Christmas breaks. For information on
available employers, visit the nearest PESO and DOLE Regional
and Field Offices. For more details, visit
www.bwsc.dole.gov.ph.
2. What are the three (3) types of TVET Enterprise-based training
programs that I can choose from?
The three (3) types of Enterprisebased training programs are:
a. Apprenticeship Program - where an applicant or
apprentice and an employer are involved in a contract
for a training and employment program on an
apprenticeable occupation for a minimum period of four
(4) months and a maximum of six (6) months.
b. Learnership Program - companies with TESDA-approved
and registered learnership programs hire learners in a
practical training on-the-job for approved learnable
occupations for a period not more three (3) months.
c. Dual Training System (DTS) - is an instructional delivery
system that involves two venues of learning: the
school/training center and the company. A training plan is
implemented by an accredited dual system educational
institution/training center and accredited dual system of
agricultural, industrial and business establishments.
For more details, visit www.tesda.gov.ph.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 17
3. What scholarship programs can I avail of?
TESDA offers scholarship programs, through the following:
a. Training for Work Scholarship Program (TWSP).
Beneficiaries must at least be 18 years old at the time the
scholar finishes the training. Educational attainment is
based on industry requirements or as prescribed in the
relevant Training Regulations. Priority is given to the poor,
unemployed and those without prior formal training.
b. Private Education Student Financial Assistance Program
(PESFA). Beneficiaries are high school graduates, at least
15 years old, and have taken the National Career
Assessment Examination (NCAE) or Youth Profiling For
Starring Careers (YP4SC).
Visit any of the TESDA Regional/Provincial/District Offices or
TESDA Technology Institutes nearest their area or call TESDA
hotline at 887-7777 or text 0917-4794370 and 0918-2738232.
For more details, visit www.tesda.gov.ph.
OWWA offers the following scholarships for the dependents of active OWWA members:
a. Education for Development Scholarship Program (EDSP) - Scholarships for qualified dependents of OFWs consisting of a maximum of Php 60,000.00 per school year, leading to a four-to-five year baccalaureate course in any college or university.
b. OFW Dependents Scholarship Program (OFWDSP) - Scholarships consisting of a maximum of Php 20,000.00 assistance per school year leading to a baccalaureate or associate degree in a state college or university. OFW parents must have a monthly salary of not more than $400.00.
c. Education and Livelihood Assistance Program (ELAP) - Scholarships for survivors of deceased OFWs consisting of Php 5,000.00 for elementary, Php 8,000.00 for high school, Php 10,000.00 for college (per school year) and livelihood assistance of Php 15,000.00 for the surviving spouse.
d. Tuloy-Aral Project (TAP) - An educational assistance consisting of US$ 100.00 financial support solicited from
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 18
sponsors to augment the school needs of less fortunate elementary and high school children of former OFWs.
e. Tuloy-Kolehiyo - An extension of the TAP to pursue the tertiary level of education of the TAP scholars leading to either an associate or baccalaureate degree.
OWWA also offers short-term training programs for OFWs and their dependents: a. Skills-for-Employment Scholarship Program (SESP) -
Scholarships for attendance to short-term training program consisting of a maximum of Php 14,500.00 per course leading to the completion of a vocational or technical course in any school accredited by TESDA.
b. OWWA-Microsoft Tulay - A joint undertaking with Microsoft Corporation providing OFWs and their families free information and communication technology (ICT) skills training, the purpose of which is to bridge the communication gap through the use of internet between the OFW and his/her family.
For more details, visit www.owwa.gov.ph.
The Bureau of Labor Relations (BLR) offers scholarships for dependents of members, organizers or officers of legitimate
workers organizations under the Isabelo delos Reyes Scholarship
component of the Workers Organization Development Program
(WODP).
For more details, visit www.blr.dole.gov.ph.
4. My prospective job requires proficiency on language. Where can
I enroll for language training?
TESDA has Language Skills Institutes (LSIs) which provide workplace language training that would enable the trainee to converse or communicate with supervisors and co-workers in the language commonly used in the country or company he/she will work in. The courses include familiarization on the culture, as well. There are 35 LSIs nationwide offering different languages, to wit: Japanese Language and Culture English Language Arabic Language and Saudi/Gulf Culture Korean Language and Culture Spanish Language for Different Vocations Mandarin Chinese Language and Culture
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 19
For more details, visit any of the TESDA Regional/ Provincial/
District Offices or TESDA Technology Institutes nearest their area or
call TESDA hotline at 887-7777 or text 0917-4794370 and 0918-
2738232. For more details, visit www.tesda.gov.ph.
5. I am a skilled worker. How can I avail of the competency
assessment and certification?
TESDA conducts assessment through accredited assessors in accredited assessment centers. The National Certificate (NC) or Certificate of Competency (COC) is issued to those who pass the assessment.
Graduates/skilled workers can apply for competency assessment in any of the TESDA Provincial Offices nearest them. The list of accredited assessment centers is available at the TESDA website at www.tesda.gov.ph under Important Links.
6. What are the professions that require licensure examination? To ensure only those qualified and competent will be registered and accepted into practice of professions, a licensure examination is needed. There are 46 professions that require licensure examination, as follows:
1. Accountancy 2. Aeronautical Engineering 3. Agricultural Engineering 4. Agriculture 5. Architecture 6. Chemical Engineering 7. Chemistry 8. Civil Engineering 9. Criminology 10. Customs Brokers 11. Dentistry 12. Electrical Engineering 13. Electronics Engineering 14. Environmental Planning 15. Fisheries Technology 16. Foresters 17. Geodetic Engineering 18. Geology 19. Guidance Counseling 20. Interior Design 21. Landscape Architecture 22. Librarians 23. Marine Deck Officers
24. Marine Engineer Officers 25. Master Plumbers 26. Mechanical Engineering 27. Medical Technology 28. Medicine 29. Metallurgical Engineering 30. Midwifery 31. Mining Engineering 32. Naval Architecture & Marine
Engineering 33. Nursing 34. Nutrition and Dietetics 35. Optometry 36. Pharmacy 37. Physical & Occupational Therapy 38. Professional Teachers 39. Radiologic and X-Ray Technology 40. Sanitary Engineering 41. Social Workers 42. Sugar Technology 43. Veterinary Medicine 44. Real Estate Service 45. Respiratory Therapy 46. Psychology
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 20
7. What are the basic qualifications for a licensure examination?
Must be a Filipino citizen, at least 18-21 years old and of good moral character;
Must be a Graduate or a Holder of a relevant Degree from a school, college or university duly recognized by the government;
Has not been convicted of any offense; and Other qualifications and/or requirements as may be stated in
the concerned Professional Regulatory Law.
For more details, visit www.prc.gov.ph.
8. What are the basic documents to be submitted by the applicants
for licensure examination?
Transcript of records with scanned picture and remarks For Board Examination purposes only;
Birth Certificate from the National Statistical Office (NSO) on Security Paper;
NSO Marriage Certificate (for married women); 4 pcs. passport size picture with complete name-tag in white
background; Community Tax Certificate; Additional requirements as may be specified by Professional
Regulatory Boards.
For more details, visit www.prc.gov.ph.
9. If I am a foreign national, am I allowed to take the local
professional licensure examinations?
Foreign nationals may take the examinations under any of the
following conditions:
a. Existence of international agreements or reciprocity
agreement between the Philippines and the country of the
foreign nationals and submission of certified true copy of
such agreement; or
b. If allowed under the Professional Regulatory Law.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 21
Filipinos with dual citizenship can take the exam upon presentation
of proof of dual citizenship issued by the Bureau of Immigration.
For more details, visit www.prc.gov.ph.
10. When and where can I take the examinations?
You may take the paper-and-pencil exam on schedules and venues
posted at the PRC website. Special board licensure examinations
are also conducted abroad.
For the maritime profession, you may avail of the regularly
scheduled paper-and-pencil exam or the computer-based walk-in
examination.
11. I want to work in government. What are the requirements?
You must have Civil Service Eligibility which can be obtained
through written examination.
Exemptions:
o Bar/Board Eligibility (RA 1080)
o Barangay Health Worker Eligibility (RA 7883)
o Barangay Nutrition Scholar Eligibility (PD 1569)
o Barangay Official Eligibility (RA 7160)
o Electronic Data Processing Specialist Eligibility (CSC
Res. 90-083)
o Honor Graduate Eligibility (PD 907)
o Scientific and Technological Specialist Eligibility (PD
997)
o Skills Eligibilities Categories I and II (CSC MC 11, s.
1996, as Amended)
o Veteran Preference Rating (EO 132/790)
Other documentary requirements depending on the position
applied for.
For more details, visit www.csc.gov.ph.
THE CYCLE
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 24
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 25
The Cycle Brief
For students, jobseekers and unemployed, the hunt for employment
is a daunting task. However, empowered with the right
information, this task may become more of a challenge than a duty
to be hurdled. This Employment Guide for Students and
Jobseekers offers tips on how to approach job search, whether it
be for wage-employment, self-employment or further studies.
The topics are organized along three (3) options for employment:
(1) wage employment, whether local or overseas; (2) self-
employment; and (c) upgrading skills and qualifications.
The first option is Wage Employment which generally pertains to a formal set-up of having an employer and an employee type of relationship. Among the three (3) options, wage employment is perhaps the most complex. In this setting, the work engagement is governed by the employer who controls all things relating to an employees work, such as wages, work hours, leave and social benefits, among others.
The wage employment option covers the normal job cycle ranging
from job application to termination of employment.
Starting a Job
During a Job
Leaving a Job
The second option is Self-Employment which means setting up a business or entrepreneurial undertaking or practicing ones chosen profession. Through ones own initiative, risk-takers may want to set up and operate their own business or practice of profession. However, they must be ready to take on the numerous challenges and risks associated with it.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 26
The self-employment option deals with the entrepreneurship or
practice of profession cycle.
Starting
Managing
Restoring
The last option is Skills Training and Upgrading of Qualifications. Students and jobseekers who wish to further their skills and qualifications can choose this option. The government offers various skills trainings, programs and scholarships for interested applicants. Students and jobseekers will find valuable information on real life situations in the three (3) types of employment options.
THE JOB CYCLE
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 28
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 29
Starting a Job
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 30
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 31
Topics at a Glance Starting a Job
This section aids the jobseekers in pre-employment. It provides jobseekers with effective ways and means and/or basic knowledge on how to prepare for employment, whether for entry or re-entry; what to expect in the workplace; and what needs to be observed in the work environment.
A. Local
Preparing for Employment
o Writing a resum o Getting ready for interview o Requirements for employment
Expectations from employees and employers
B. Overseas
Pre-Employment Orientation Seminar (PEOS)
Pre-Departure Orientation Seminar (PDOS)
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 32
A. Local
1. How do I prepare for employment?
Write a good application letter and impressive resum Prepare for a job interview
2. How can I make a good application letter and impressive resum?
In writing an application letter:
Print in good quality paper, preferably a one-page, three-
paragraph application only Use simple English Avoid using general application letter
In writing a resum:
Print in good quality paper consisting of two pages Must first present most recent work experience, major
accomplishments, education or training prior to personal information
May or may not include a photo in the resum; if yes, applicant must be in presentable attire
Check grammar and spelling 3. What should I do before and during the job interview?
Before
Know the company. Find time to research about the company, the industry and the position being applied for.
Groom to impress the interviewer/s. Dress professionally and conservatively. Wear clean and neatly pressed clothes. Sport a well-groomed hairstyle. Have clean and trimmed fingernails. Wear clean and polished shoes.
During Be punctual. Come at least 15 minutes before the interview. Be polite. Smile and politely greet all company personnel. Carry extra copies of your resum. Answer competently and professionally. Reply to questions
should be KISS (Keep It Short and Simple). Avoid telling jokes, using street language, and deviating from the topic of conversation. It is all right to ask and clarify if you did not understand the question.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 33
Avoid eating, chewing a gum and using cellular phones. Prepare for salary negotiation, if given the option. If the
salary is negotiable and you are asked for a desired salary or benefits, you may give your preference which may be based on your research.
Say Thank You after the interview.
For more details, read the Career Guide posted at
www.ble.dole.gov.ph.
4. What are the requirements that might be needed in applying for a job? Biodata or resum Birth Certificate issued by the National Statistics Office (NSO) High School/College Diploma Transcript of Records National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)/police/barangay
clearance Social Security Systems (SSS) Number Taxpayers Identification Number (TIN) Medical Certificate Marriage Certificate (if married) Training Certificates National Certificates Professional License Civil Service Eligibility (for government)
5. What are the basics work ethics expected of me?
Right values such as industrious, systematic, time-conscious, innovative and values-driven
Competence Culture of safety and health Loyalty to the organization Integrity
6. What can I expect from the employer/organization?
Payment of wages and wage-related benefits according to existing laws
Safe and healthy working conditions Career growth and training opportunities Work-Life balance
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 34
7. What benefits can I expect if I get employed?
Wage and wage-related benefits can be expected. The mandated minimum wage varies according to region. For
wages above the minimum, the company and the employees may agree on productivity or performance-based wages. For more details, visit www.nwpc.dole.gov.ph.
For mandated wage-related benefits, employees are entitled to overtime pay, holiday pay, night shift differential pay, premium pay, and 13th month pay and leave benefits.
The entitlement to minimum wage and wage-related benefits depends on various factors. For coverage and exceptions, visit www.bwc.dole.gov.ph.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 35
B. Overseas
1. Where can I get information if I plan to work overseas? You may attend the Pre-Employment Orientation Seminar (PEOS) conducted daily by the POEA Workers Education Division (WED), free of charge. The seminar will guide you to make a decision whether to pursue overseas or not, as the advantages and disadvantages of overseas employment are discussed. In the PEOS, you will also get information on the procedures and documentary requirements in applying for overseas, the expenses/cost of applying, job opportunities, and most importantly, the modus operandi of illegal recruiters to avoid being duped in the process. For further information, call the POEA WED at 722-1196 or visit www.poea.dole.gov.ph.
2. What are the basic documents must I have as an OFW?
As an OFW, ensure that you have completed all necessary documents, such as:
Passport (valid at least 6 months)
Valid work/employment visa
Employment contract processed by POEA
Airline ticket
Pre-Departure Orientation Seminar (PDOS) certificate
Overseas Employment Certificate (OEC) or e-Receipt It is advisable to leave copies of these documents to an entrusted family member, close relative or friend. You may also scan said documents and email them to your own personal account.
3. I am already scheduled to leave for work abroad. What do I still need to undergo?
You are required to attend a Pre-Departure Orientation Seminar (PDOS) conducted by the OWWA (free of charge) or by any PDOS provider accredited by OWWA. Be sure to secure a PDOS certificate after the seminar as this is required for the issuance of OEC. For Household Service Workers (HSWs), they are also required to attend language and culture classes conducted by OWWA, free of charge. For further information, you may call OWWA at 891-7601 to 19 or visit www.owwa.gov.ph.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 36
4. What shall I do if the recruitment agency asked me to sign
different contract from the first contract I signed? Is this legal? It depends. This is called contract substitution, which is legal if the terms and conditions of the new contract are superior to the first contract. Otherwise, if the new contract is less beneficial to you, that is illegal. If the recruiter forces you to sign an inferior contract before you leave the country, be sure to get a copy and file a complaint at the POEA Anti-Illegal Recruitment Branch, or call the POEA Hotline at 722-1144 or 722-1155. If this happens at the airport before your flight, immediately inform the Labor Assistance Center found in all international airports or any security personnel in the vicinity.
5. I have friends/family members who want to send a package. What shall I do?
Do not accept packages from anyone. Should you accept a package from friends/family members, make sure that the package does not contain anything illegal such as illegal drugs, firearms and ammunitions, contrabands, pornographic materials, fake signature items, pirated DVDs and programs, food prohibited especially in the Middle East, etc. As a precautionary measure, inspect all contents in front of the sender before sealing and including it in your baggage.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 37
During a Job
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 38
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 39
Topics at a Glance During a Job
This section informs new employees of the terms and conditions of employment set by law (e.g. statutory monetary benefits, hours of work, holidays, vacation and time-off, among others), their rights and obligations as workers, management prerogatives, and how issues and concerns are addressed in the workplace. Situational topics contained in the Guide for Students and Jobseekers will furnish the new entrants, whether locally or abroad, with necessary information relative to the performance of their job and the effective exercise of their rights.
A. Local Terms and Conditions of Employment
Occupational Safety and Health
Rights and Responsibilities of workers and employers
Dispute Settlement
Continuing professional development
B. Overseas Requirements at the post
Grievance handling and dispute settlement at post
Programs and services at post
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 40
A. Local 1. As an employee, what am I entitled to?
Prevailing wage rate in the region where your workplace is
situated. Wage-related benefits such as normal hours of work, overtime
pay, holiday or premium pay, night shift differential pay, 13th
month pay, rest days and leave benefits.
The entitlement to minimum wage and wage-related benefits depends on various factors. For coverage and exceptions, visit www.bwc.dole.gov.ph.
2. What is my normal length of hours of work in a day?
Eight (8) hours. If required to work in excess of eight (8) hours, you should be paid overtime pay as follows: On ordinary work day - hourly rate plus 25% On a rest day, special day or regular holiday - hourly rate plus
30% There is a separate Guidelines for establishments implementing flexible work arrangements.
3. If I am asked to work between 10:00 pm and 6:00 am, do I get additional pay?
Yes. You are entitled to a night shift differential pay of 10% of the hourly rate.
4. Am I entitled to a 13th month pay?
Yes. Rank-and-file employees who have worked for at least one (1) month are entitled to 13
th month pay. It is at least 1/12 of the
total basic salary earned for the year and should be given not later than December 24 of every year.
5. Am I allowed to have a meal break?
Yes. A sixty-minute or one-hour time-off for regular meal is provided for an eight-hour work day, e.g., time in at 8:00 am, meal break at 12:00 nn, and resume work at 1:00 pm until 5:00 pm. The one-hour meal period, this is from 12:00 nn to 1:00 pm, it is excluded from the eight-hour work day and is non-compensable.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 41
6. Do I have a rest day? Yes. Rest day is 24 consecutive hours or 1 day for every six (6) days of work. Rest days can be scheduled on a Sunday or any day by the employer upon consultation with the employees.
7. When do I get my salary?
Salary should be paid in cash at least once every two (2) weeks or twice a month at intervals not exceeding 16 days. It must be paid directly to you at or near your place of work.
8. How much will I get paid if I am required to work on a holiday or
rest day?
Basic pay and the following: o Plus 30% of the daily basic rate or a total of 130% if work is
performed on rest day or special day. o Plus 50% of the daily basic rate or a total of 150% if work is
performed on special day falling on the employees rest day.
o Plus 30% of the daily basic rate or a total of 260% if work is performed on a regular holiday falling on the employees rest day.
There are 12 regular holidays:
o New Years Day - January 1 o Maundy Thursday - Movable Date o Good Friday - Movable Date o Araw ng Kagitingan - April 9 o Labor Day - May 1 o Independence Day - June 12 o National Heroes Day - Last Monday of August o Eidl Fitr - Movable Date o Eidl Adha - Movable Date o Bonifacio Day - November 30 o Christmas Day - December 25 o Rizal Day - December 30
There are 3 special days:
o Ninoy Aquino Day - August 21 o All Saints Day - November 1 o Last Day of the Year - December 31
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 42
9. What are the leave benefits that I am entitled to under existing laws? 5 days service incentive leave with pay for employee who has
rendered at least 1 year of service.
Maternity Leave of 60 days for normal delivery and 78 days for caesarian section delivery for a female employee in the private sector, whether married or unmarried. The employee must be an SSS member with at least 3 months contribution within the 12-month period.
7 days Paternity Leave for a male employee in the private sector availed right after his legitimate spouse gives birth or has a miscarriage.
7 days Solo Parent Leave to a solo parent to enable him/her to perform parental duties and responsibilities.
10 days Leave for Victims of Violence Against Women and their Children (VAWC) to women employees who are victims of physical, sexual, psychological harm or suffering, or economic abuse. The leave benefit is on the days that the woman employee has to attend to medical and legal concerns.
Special Leave for Women of 2 months with full pay who have rendered continuous aggregate employment service of 6 months for the last 12 months, following surgery caused by gynecological disorders.
For more details, visit www.bwc.dole.gov.ph.
10. What are the hazards that I may be exposed to at the workplace?
There are situations, conditions and activities in the workplace that may expose you to hazards resulting to injury, illness or even death. Generally, there are two (2) kinds of workplace hazards:
a. safety hazards, which can cause direct harm like cuts, broken limbs and burns, arising from:
o poor housekeeping o inappropriate and defective tools o sharp and pointed hand tools o hot surfaces and splashes from hot liquids o unguarded moving or rotating machines o electrical hazards o vehicles, such as forklifts, cranes and trucks
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 43
b. health hazards, which result to illnesses and diseases and may take time to manifest in the workers body, namely:
o physical hazards (heat/temperature, vibration, noise
and radiation) o chemical hazards (acids, mists, fumes, vapor) o biological (virus, bacteria, molds, pests) o ergonomic stressors (risk factors for work-related
musculoskeletal disorders fitting the tasks to the worker)
o psychosocial hazards like stress
For more details, visit www.oshc.dole.gov.ph.
11. How will I be protected from these hazards?
There are three control measures to address the various hazards, as follows:
a. Engineering Control includes substitution of materials/
equipment, modification of work process, maintenance of equipment, isolation, wet method and ventilation
b. Administrative Control includes reduction of work periods, adjusting work schedules, employee information and training, job rotation, education of supervisors, housekeeping and maintenance
c. Personal Protective Equipment examples are gloves, safety goggles, hard hats, earplugs or earmuffs, safety shoes, masks/respirators, and face shields
For more details, visit www.oshc.dole.gov.ph. 12. How can I contribute to a safety and healthy workplace?
Obey the companys safety and health policies and programs;
Be part of the mandatory Safety and Health Committee (SHC) of the company;
Avoid unsafe/unhealthy acts and conditions. Unsafe/ unhealthy acts are man-made violations of commonly accepted safe work procedure or standard operating procedure. (e.g., not wearing appropriate personal protective equipment or PPEs, horseplaying and operating a machine/equipment without authority). Unsafe/unhealthy conditions arise from
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 44
any harmful work situation where an accident or illness is likely to happen. These include unguarded machines, poor ventilation, inadequate illumination, dusty workplaces, octopus wirings, among others. For more details, visit www.oshc.dole.gov.ph.
13. If I got sick or injured and I cant work, will I be compensated?
Yes. The Employees Compensation Program covers employees who
suffered from work-related sickness or injuries which resulted to
disability or death. Employees belonging to both the public and
private sectors (formal sector) are compulsorily covered under the
EC Program.
If you suffered from work-related sickness or injury, do the
following:
a. Get medical attention if you need it.
b. Report the incident to your employer immediately.
c. File an Employees Compensation (EC) claim at the Social
Security System (SSS).
For more details, visit www.ecc.gov.ph.
14. What safety and health training and services could I get as an
employee?
Companies are mandated to provide its employees with relevant
safety and health support training programs and services, e.g.,
basic occupational safety and health courses, work procedures,
workplace environment monitoring, injuries and sickness
surveillance and monitoring, and provision of proper personal
protective equipment (PPE), among others.
15. What are my rights as an employee?
Employees are entitled to:
Just and humane conditions of work; Security of tenure; Self-organization which is the right to join or not to join a
union/organization.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 45
In relation to the exercise of the right to self-organization, employees may engage in collective bargaining with the employer; peaceful concerted activities according to law; participate in policy and decision-making processes affecting rights and benefits as may be provided by law; and labor education through seminars, dialogues and information, education and communication materials.
16. What are my obligations/responsibilities as an employee?
Employees have the obligations/responsibility to:
Work in exchange of compensation under management control;
Follow company rules and policies; Observe proper care in the use of facilities; and Avoid wastages and contribute to productivity (e.g. waste
of time, ideas, materials and supplies, machinery and equipment, manpower, waste due to accidents, waste due to non-cooperation and defective workmanship causing breakage or spoilage).
In relation to the exercise of the right to self-organization, union member-employees must follow the provision of unions Constitution-and-By-Law (CBL); observe duty to negotiate in good faith; follow the procedure on strikes and lockouts and submit to the intervention of DOLE if necessary; observe good faith and recommend reasonable and sensible solutions to issues submitted before the Labor-Management Committee.
17. What are the obligations/responsibilities of management to its
employees?
Pay the employees as well as give all other benefits due them under the law and the collective bargaining agreement (CBA);
Respect the rights of employees; Provide the employees with safe and healthy working places
with protective gears/gadgets/devices; Implement the company rules and regulations; Look into the welfare of the employees; and Have a grievance mechanism at the workplace.
18. If I have a grievance, where can I air out my concern?
Grievance arising from employer-employee relationship can be raised to the grievance machinery or in any similar workplace-based dispute settlement mechanism/process, such as Disciplinary Committee or Peer Review Committee, if there is any.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 46
If there is no workplace-based dispute settlement mechanism/ process, a request for assistance under the Single Entry Approach (SEnA) can be filed at the DOLE Regional/Field Office where the company or workplace is located. For more details, visit www.blr.dole.gov.ph or www.ncmb.ph.
19. I am an employed professional. Is there an opportunity for me to
enhance my knowledge and skills?
Yes. The Professional Regulatory Commission (PRC) offers a
Continuing Professional Program. It refers to the inculcation,
assimilation and acquisition of knowledge, skills, proficiency, and
ethical and moral values, after the initial registration of a
professional that raises and enhances the professionals technical
skills and competence. See Practice of Profession.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 47
B. Overseas 1. Do I still need to get a work permit once I arrive at the country
of destination where I intend to work?
The laws on foreign employment differ in many countries but
generally the employee is already issued a work permit applied for
by his/her employer prior to his/her flight to the country of
destination.
2. Where will I go if I have important concerns regarding the labor
policies and programs for OFWs or when I encounter a problem
or conflict at my workplace?
For employment-related and other problems, you may seek advice
and/or assistance from the Philippine Overseas Labor Office
(POLO). The POLO is the overseas arm of the DOLE in the
implementation of the Philippine labor policies and programs for
the protection and promotion of the welfare and interests of
Filipinos working abroad.
3. What training programs are being offered by the POLO that I may
avail if I want to enhance or upgrade my skills while working
abroad?
Inquire at the POLO regarding capability building services they offer
such as computer literacy programs, language, and personality
development and value formation trainings. POLO may also provide
information on available trainings being offered by the host
government.
4. What are the other services provided by POLO?
The services provided by POLO are handling labor and welfare
cases, entertaining phone-in or walk-in inquiries, employment
contract verification, issuance of OECs for vacationing workers,
enrollment and renewal of OWWA memberships, and community
outreach programs.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 48
5. My employer allowed me to go on vacation. What should I take
into consideration?
Make sure to have the following:
Passport must be valid for at least 6 months prior to your
flight;
Visa must not expire while at vacation;
Employment contract verified by the POLO;
OEC; and
Roundtrip ticket.
6. Can I or my employer pre-terminate my contract?
Yes. The employment contract enumerates the valid grounds
wherein you or your employer may pre-terminate it. Additional
grounds for pre-termination are also stipulated in the labor laws of
the host country. If you think that your employer has illegally
removed you from work, you may request for advice and or
assistance from the POLO.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 49
Leaving a Job
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 50
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 51
Topics at a Glance Leaving a Job
This section serves as a guide for the separation, resignation, retirement or termination of a worker from his/her workplace. It contains basic facts on the grounds for just, authorized and illegal termination, and the benefits or legal remedies or solutions that the workers could avail. Both local and overseas workers are guided under this section on termination of employment.
A. Local
Termination of Employment
Filing of Complaints
Separation Package
B. Overseas
Programs for Returning OFWs
Reintegration Services
Social Benefits
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 52
A. Local
1. Can I be terminated from my job?
Yes. An employee is secured in his/her job but the employment can be terminated if there are causes and observance of notice and hearing requirement. Causes for termination are classified as just or authorized causes. Just causes are the following:
a. serious misconduct; b. willful disobedience; c. gross and habitual neglect of duty; d. fraud or breach of trust; e. commission of a crime or offense against the employer, his
family or representative; and f. other similar causes.
The authorized causes are:
a. installation of labor-saving devices; b. redundancy; c. retrenchment to prevent losses; d. closure and cessation of business; e. disease/illness; and f. other similar causes.
Notice and hearing required for just cause termination are as follows:
a. First written notice. The first written notice to be served
on the employees must contain the grounds for termination and a directive that the employees are given the opportunity to submit their written explanation at least five (5) calendar days from receipt of the notice.
b. Hearing required. After serving the first notice, the employers must schedule and conduct a conference wherein the employees will be given the opportunity to explain and clarify their defenses to the charge against them, to present evidence in support of their defenses. A trial type hearing is not required unless requested by the employees.
c. Second written notice. After determining the termination of employment is justified, the employers must serve the employees a written notice of termination indicating all circumstances involving the charge against the employees.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 53
For authorized cause termination, there must be at least one (1) month notice before the intended date of termination to the DOLE Regional Office and to the affected employees.
2. If I were illegally dismissed, where can I file my complaint?
File a request for assistance under the Single Entry Approach (SEnA) at the nearest DOLE Regional/Field Office or Regional Branch of the National Conciliation and Mediation Board (NCMB) or Regional Arbitration Branch of the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC) for assistance, conciliation-mediation, or arbitration.
SEnA refers to an administrative approach to provide a speedy, impartial inexpensive and accessible settlement procedure of all labor issues or conflicts to prevent them from ripening into full blown disputes. Conciliation-mediation process shall be utilized as immediate intervention to effect amicable settlement among the differing parties.
3. Do I need a lawyer if I decide to file a labor case before the
NLRC?
No. However, only the following labor cases can be filed before the Regional Arbitration Branches of the NLRC:
a. Unfair labor practice (ULP) cases;
b. Termination disputes (or illegal dismissal cases);
c. If accompanied with a claim for reinstatement, those cases
that workers may file involving wages, rates of pay, hours of work and other terms and conditions of employment;
d. Claims for actual, moral, exemplary and other forms of damages arising from employer-employee relations;
e. Cases arising from any violation of Article 264 of the Labor Code, as amended, including questions involving the legality of strikes and lockouts;
f. Except claims for employees compensation not included in the next succeeding paragraph, social security, medicare and maternity benefits, all other claims arising from employer-employee relations, including those of persons in domestic or household service, involving an amount exceeding Five Thousand Pesos (P5,000.00), whether or not accompanied with a claim for reinstatement;
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 54
g. Wage distortion disputes in unorganized establishments not
voluntarily settled by the parties pursuant to Republic Act No. 6627;
h. Enforcement of compromise agreements when there is non-compliance by any of the parties pursuant to Article 227 of the Labor Code, as amended;
i. Money claims arising out of employer-employee relationship or by virtue of any law or contract, involving Filipino workers for overseas deployment, including claims for actual, moral, exemplary and other forms of damages as provided by Section 10 of R.A. No. 8042, as amended by R.A. No. 10022;
j. Contested cases under the exception clause of Article 128(b) of the Labor Code, as amended by R.A. 7730; and
k. Other cases as may be provided by law. 4. Until when can I file a labor case?
For Unfair Labor Practice, file the case within one (1) year from the time the acts complained of were committed;
For Money Claims, file the case within three (3) years from accrual of the cause of action;
For Illegal Dismissal, file the case within four (4) years from the date of termination; and
For Criminal Offenses penalized under the Labor Code, file the case within three (3) years from the commission thereof.
For more details, visit www.nlrconline.com or
www.nlrc.dole.gov.ph.
5. What separation package can I expect upon my termination?
Earned wages and benefits;
Separation pay (for authorized cause termination); and
Benefits provided under CBA or long standing company
practice.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 55
B. Overseas 1. With my contract about to expire, what should I do?
If you and your employer agreed to renew your contract, you need
to renew your work/resident visa and OWWA membership.
If you decide not to renew, you will need to cancel your
work/residence visa and in some countries, you may need to apply
for exit visa. Your employer will provide you with your return
ticket. Be sure to claim your end of service benefits, if any.
2. I have saved up money for the future of my family. How and
where can I invest it?
There are many ways to make your money earn. One is to invest in
stocks, bonds and treasury notes and similar instruments. The
money can also be invested in time deposit at any bank to earn
more interests.
You may also engage in livelihood or entrepreneurial activities.
OWWA and NRCO have programs for OFWs, such as:
a. Business Counseling;
b. Techno skills and capacity skills training; and
c. Entrepreneurship/Micro-finance development.
3. I plan to establish a business when I get back to the Philippines
but I only have limited capital. Where can I apply for a loan?
You may apply for a loan under the Two Billion Pesos OFW
Reintegration Program of the National Reintegration Center for
OFWs (NRCO) subject to the following pre-qualifying requirements:
a. OFW must be an OWWA member;
b. OFW has completed the Entrepreneurship Development
Training (EDT) conducted by OWWA-RWOs; and
c. OFW is of good credit standing.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 56
The loanable amount is from a minimum of P300,000.00 to a
maximum amount of Php 2Million with an initial interest of 7.5% per
annum. Interested applicants may proceed to the nearest OWWA-
Regional Welfare Offices which has jurisdiction over his/her
permanent residence.
For more details, visit www.owwa.gov.ph and
www.nrco.dole.gov.ph.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 57
List of Programs and Agencies to Contact
EMPLOYEES
COMPENSATION
COMMISSION (ECC)
4th and 5th Floor ECC Bldg.,
355 Sen. Gil Puyat Ave.,
Makati City
TL 899-4251 loc. 208, 896-
3446
Website:
www.ecc.gov.ph
ECC Programs and Services 1. ECC-Quick Response to ODWs. This project aims to
provide immediate assistance to workers or their families within 48 hours in the event of major work accidents or outbreak of occupational diseases at the workplace. The ECC intervention includes psychosocial counseling services and assistance in the filing of the necessary claims with the Social Security System (SSS) or Government Service Insurance System (GSIS).
2.KAGABAY Project. Katulong at Gabay sa
Manggagawang May Kapansanan o KaGaBay is a special assistance project to occupationally disabled workers (ODWs) aimed at facilitating their reintegration into the economic mainstream as productive members of our society. It provides vocational skills and entrepreneurial training and other assistance that will allow ODWs to find employment or self-employment by setting-up a micro-enterprise or home-based business.
3.Physical Restoration of ODWs. This is another special
assistance project to facilitate ECC-funded rehabilitation services for ODWs like physical/ occupational therapy and provision of free rehabilitation appliances.
INSTITUTE FOR LABOR
STUDIES (ILS)
5th Floor, DOLE Building,
General Luna Wing,
Intramuros, Manila
527-3456, 527-3490, 527-
3452, 527-3491
Website:
www.ilsdole.gov.ph
The Institute for Labor Studies (ILS) is the policy research and advocacy arm of DOLE on nascent and critical labor and employment issues and concerns. Through its services and products, ILS serves as the Departments internal think tank, consultant, broker and knowledge incubator.
NATIONAL CONCILIATION
AND MEDIATION BOARD
(NCMB)
4th, 5th and 6th Floors,
Arcadia Building, Quezon
Avenue, Quezon City
332-4176, 332-4175
Website: www.ncmb.ph
NCMB Programs and Services
1. Conciliation-Mediation Services - neutral third party intervention for (1) notice of strike/lockout grounded on bargaining deadlocks, unfair labor practices, and, for (2) preventive mediation of labor disputes involving any certified or duly recognized bargaining representative, legitimate organization and employer. The regional conciliator-mediators of the Board assist
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 58
the disputing parties validate and discuss the dispute and issues with the primary purpose of bringing about early and amicable settlement, through compromise agreements, and /or convince them to remand unresolved issues to plant level dialogues, through grievance machinery, Voluntary Arbitration, or referral to other appropriate agencies.
2. SAGIP (Strategic Action Group for Industrial Peace) / QRT (Quick response Team) - conduct of marathon conciliation-mediation conferences, 24/7 basis monitoring of actual strikes, coordination with relevant agencies for the intervention in wildcat strikes.
3. FLAVAS/SEnA (Free Legal Aid and Voluntary Arbitration Services/Single Entry Approach) - extend the Boards services beyond purely organized groups to individual complainants. The NCMB takes advantage of the effectiveness of its conciliation-mediation services to provide immediate assistance to unorganized and individual workers and to unions that are at the early state of organizing. The SEnA/FLAVAS Program follows the single entry concept in the filing of cases with conciliation as the entry point. When conciliation fails, the case is either elevated to a regular VA case or referred to the appropriate agencies of the Department.
4. Voluntary Arbitration Services - administer a program for the accreditation of labor relations practitioners as Voluntary Arbitrators and continuing professionalization/retooling of Accredited Voluntary Arbitrators (AVAs).
5. Workplace Relations Enhancement Program labor-management education on Labor-Management and other councils, Labor-Management Committees, Grievance Committees, Workplace Cooperation and Partnership (WCP) or Workplace Dispute /Conflict Prevention (WDCP) mechanisms, at the workplace or plant-level, area or provincial level, and industry-level.
6. Technical Assistance on Alternative Dispute Resolution, supervision of strike vote/lockout balloting and improved/reduced offer balloting, counselling on labor relations related issues, training on effective negotiations and collective bargaining, speakership services on labor relations related topics (ADR, LMC, Grievance Machinery), facilitation of submission of issues to voluntary arbitration and in the selection of AVAs, maintain and update a Roster of AVAs, process and grant subsidy on voluntary arbitration fees,
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 59
documentation of success stories, linkages/networking with advocates and practitioners associations, research , monitoring and evaluation of workplace relations enhancement mechanisms, administration of Search for Outstanding LMC Award program.
NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION (NLRC) PPSTA Bldg. 5, Banawe cor. P. Florentino Sts., Quezon City Tel. No. 781-7877/telefax 740-7757 Websites: www.nlrconline.com or www.nlrc.dole.gov.ph
The NLRC is tasked to promote and maintain industrial
peace by resolving labor and management disputes
involving both local and overseas workers through
compulsory arbitration and alternative modes of dispute
resolution.
NATIONAL MARITIME
POLYTECHNIC (NMP)
Manila
2nd Floor, ECC Bldg.,
355 Gil Puyat Avenue,
Makati City 899-3683, 897-2767
Tacloban Cabalawan, Tacloban City (053) 321-3356 09392753849
Website:
www.nmp.gov.ph
NMP Courses Being Offered Deck Courses: 1. Radar Navigation, Radar Plotting and Use of ARPA 2. Operational Use of ECDIS 3. Ratings Forming Part of Navigational Watch 4. Ship Simulator and Bridge Teamwork with BRM 5. Management Level Courses for Marine Deck Officers
Function 1 Navigation at the Management Level
Function 2 Cargo handling and Stowage at the Management Level
Function 3 Controlling the Operation of the Ship and Care for persons Onboard at the management Level
6. Ratings Forming Part of Navigational Watch Engine Courses: 1. Marine Electrical System 2. Ratings Forming Part of Engineering Watch 3. Engine Room Simulator with ERRM 4. Management Level Courses for marine Engineer
Officers
Function 1 Marine Engineering at the Management Level
Function 2 Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering at the Management Level
Function 3 Maintenance and Repair at the Management Level
Function 4 Controlling the Operation of the Ship and Care of Persons Onboard at the Management Level
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 60
Radio Communication, Passenger & Tanker Courses: 1. GOC for GMDSS 2. Shore-based Firefighting for Tankers 3. Basic Training for Oil and Chemical Tanker Cargo
Operations 4. Advanced Training for Oil Tanker Cargo Operations Safety Medical and Security Courses: 1. Basic Safety Training with PADAMS and SHAPIMS 2. Proficiency in survival Craft and Rescue Boats Other
than Fast Rescue Boats 3. Advanced Training in Firefighting 4. Medical Emergency First Aid 5. PADAMS for Non-BST Trainees 6. SHAPIMS for Non-BST Trainees 7. Security Awareness Training 8. Anti-Piracy Course Environmental Protection and Maritime Allied Courses Environmental Protection Course: 1. Consolidated MARPOL 73/78 Annexes I-IV Maritime Allied Courses: 1. Safety Training for Boat Captain and Marine diesel
Mechanic 2. BST for Motorboat Operators and Handlers/Operators
and Fisherman Professional Development Courses: 1. Maritime Law for Ships Officers 2. Gender Sensitivity Training for Seafarers 3. Training Course for Instructors (IMO MC 6.09) 4. Training Program for instructors conducting simulator
based Training 5. Assessment, Examination and Certification of
Seafarers (IMO MC 3.12)
NATIONAL WAGES AND
PRODUCTIVITY
COMMISSION (NWPC)
2nd and 3rd Floor, DY
International Building,
No. 1011 General Malvar
corner San Marcelino
Streets, Malate, Manila
527-5141 / 5139
Website:
www.nwpc.dole.gov.ph
NWPC Program
Operasyon PAWIS (Pagpapatupad ng Wasto at Itinalagang Sahod) - is a public awareness campaign of the National Wages and Productivity Commission (NWPC) and Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Boards (RTWPBs) to heighten the level of awareness of both workers and employers on the applicable minimum wage rates by region, industry, and/or locality. It aims to enhance compliance with regional mandated minimum wages through the development of a highly effective public information program on wages.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 61
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH CENTER
OSHC Complex, North
Avenue corner Science
Road, Diliman, Quezon City
1104
929-6036 to 39 loc. 300,
928-6690
Website:
www.oshc.dole.gov.ph
OSHC Programs and Services
Mandatory Courses: Basic Occupational Safety and Health (BOSH) Construction Safety Training
Other OSH Courses: On-the-Job Training on Work Environment
Measurement for Labor Inspectors HIV/AIDS Appreciation Course and the
Workplace (SOLVE) Drugs and Alcohol Prevention in the Workplace Chemical Safety Emerging work-related diseases Crane and Forklift Safety Fire Prevention and Control Hepatitis B Prevention and Control in the
Workplace Ergonomics GHS Industrial Hygiene Training of Trainers OSH Appreciation Courses
Research Information Dissemination
Tri-Media (prints, TV, radio) Small media (conferences, u-ZAPang OSH,
OSH caravans) Videos Posters, brochures
Technical Services
7. Biological Monitoring: Heavy Metals Organic Solvents
2. Medical Examinations: Audiometry Blood Chemistry Chest X-ray Electrocardiography Hematology Microbiological Examination Visual Acuity Complete Physical Examination
3. Work Environment Measurement: Dust Gases/Organic Solvent Vapors Heavy Metals Noise Illumination Heat/Humidity
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 62
Other Toxic Substances 4. Safety Evaluation and Audit:
General Safety Evaluation of Workplace
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Safety Diagnosis
Crane Safety Evaluation Electrical Safety Audit Grinding Wheel Safety Test
5. Testing of Personal Protective Equipment: Respirator Testing Safety Belt and Life-lines Safety Gloves and Rubber Boots Safety Shoes and Helmets Spectacles and Goggles
6. Ventilation Testing and Evaluation
OVERSEAS WORKERS
WELFARE
ADMINISTRATION (OWWA)
OWWADEC Building, 7th
corner F.B. Harrison Streets,
Pasay City 1300
833-0139, 833-0124, 833-
0148
Website:
www.owwa.gov.ph
OWWA Programs and Services
1. Workers Welfare Assistance Program
A. On-Site Welfare Case Management Includes requests for assistance on OFWs' whereabouts, psycho-social counseling, conciliation, airport assistance, hospital/prison/work camp visitations and legal assistance to OFWs who wish to pursue labor/welfare case in the court of the host country. B. In-Country Welfare Case Management Includes requests by families and NOKs (next-of-kin) for assistance from Post, post-repatriation assistance, counselling, referrals and other concerns. Requests for assistance from NOKs or from OFWs can be channelled through the 24/7 Operation Center.
8. Repatriation Program - includes bringing distressed
OFWs back to the country or bringing back of human remains. Emergency repatriation is carried out in the even of any of political unrest or natural calamities. Repatriated OFWs are accorded with airport assistance, temporary shelter at the Halfway Home, psycho-social counselling, stress debriefing, and provision of transport services or fares for their on-ward travel to their provinces.
Reintegration Program - is a way of mainstreaming returning OFWs into the Philippine Society.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 63
A. Reintegration Preparedness (On-Site) Includes training on value formation, financial literacy, entrepreneurial development training (EDT), techno-skills and capacity building training. B. Reintegration (In-Country) Implemented under the auspices of the National Reintegration Center for OFWs (NRCO) and OWWA Regional Welfare Offices, consisting of job referral (local and overseas employment), business counselling, community organizing, financial literacy seminar, networking with support institutions, and social preparation programs.
9. Education and Training Benefits
A. Pre-Departure Education Program (PDEP) - A mandatory orientation / training for all departing OFWs. It consists of the following:
a) Country Specific Pre-Departure Orientation
Seminar (PDOS) - A whole day orientation to OFWs consisting of a comprehensive module on employment contract familiarization, profile of the country of destination, stages of the OFWs life, health and safety, airport procedures, government programs and services.
b) Comprehensive Pre-Departure Education Program (CPDEP) - A 3 to 6-day live-out training for Household Service Workers (HSWs) consisting of language training, culture familiarization and stress management to prepare them for life overseas.
B. Scholarships, Training and Incentive Programs
B1. Scholarship and Incentive Programs for OFWs / Seafarers a) Seafarers' Upgrading Program (SUP) -
Scholarships for attendance to short-term upgrading courses for seafarers. First availment consists of Php 7,500.00 training assistance. Availment in another training course every after 3 recorded membership.
DOLE Employment Guide for Students and Jobseekers 64
b) Mariners' Dugtong-Aral (MDA) - Scholarships for qualified graduates of BS Mechanical Engineering and BS Electrical Engineering, consisting of a maximum of Php 38,120.00 plus Php 15,000.00 for 3-month stipend, leading to a BS Marine Engineering degree. These are for those who wish to board an ocean vessel as qualified Marine Officers.
c) Incentive Program for Top 200 Maritime Cadets (Cadetship Program) - A financial incentive to top 100 students of BS Marine Transportation and top 100 students of BS Marine Engineering who passed the Maritime School Assessment Program, consisting of a maximum of Php 30,000.00 per cadet to be used in processing documentary requirements needed in boarding an international vessel.
d) Marine Educational Development Loan Program (MEDLOP) - A "Study Now, Pay Later" program. MEDLOP is an interest-free financial assistance to defray the cost of tertiary education of prospective Marine Officers and Engineers with guaranteed International Onboard Employment.
B2. Scholarship for Dependents a) Education for Development Scholarship
Program (EDSP) - Scholarships for qualified dependents of OFWs consisting of a maximum of Php 60,000.00 per school year, leading to a four-to-five year baccalaureate course in any college or university.
b) OFW Dependents Scholarship Program (OFWDSP) - Scholarships consisting of a maximum of Php 20,000.00 assistance per school year leading to a baccalaureate or associate degree in a state college or university. OFW parents must have a monthly salary of not more than $400.00.
c) Education