DEHN protects Wind Turbines

www.dehn-international.com

Ensure safe operation, protect investments:With lightning and surge protection

2

Make your investment a long-term winWith increasing global power consumption, wind energy will contribute a growing part to the energy mix. To expand wind power capacity, new wind farms will be installed, especially offshore.

Lightning and surge protection for wind turbines is particu-larly important: wind turbines are especially vulnerable to lightning strikes due to their complex design, height and exposed location. This particularly affects wind turbines with a height of more than 200 metres because the risk of lightning striking a wind turbine increases quadratically with its height.

For offshore wind turbines, high availability is paramount as yield losses resulting from downtime are high. For this reason, comprehensive lightning and surge protection measures are required. This is reflected both in the relevant standards and certificates for wind turbines*.

Rely on lightning and surge protection products from DEHN: We are a worldwide recognised expert in the field of wind energy. Our customers include international manufacturers and suppliers of wind turbines. We develop customised protection concepts for wind turbines and additional equipment for the operation of wind turbines such as HVDC, residential or transformer platforms. In the DEHN test laboratory, sub-components can be tested up to a lightning impulse current of 400 kA (10/350 µs)**.

* Guideline for the Certification of Wind Turbines, Germanischer Lloyd Industrial Services GmbH, 2010** pursuant to IEC 61400-24 Lightning Protection of Wind Turbines

3

Profit from our expertisein developing lightningprotection zone conceptsThanks to our long-standing experience in lightning protection and numerous tests on wind turbines, we know how to develop lightning protection systems for wind turbines. Our aim is to prevent lightning dam-age to rotor blades, bearings and gearboxes as well as downtime resulting from lightning currents and surges.

The lightning protection zone concept for wind turbines de-scribed in IEC 61400-24 is based on the IEC 62305 standard, which defines the selection and arrangement of lightning and surge protection measures*.

The IEC 61400-24 standard recommends to dimension the lightning protection system of a wind turbine according to class of LPS I** unless a risk analysis demonstrates that a lower class of LPS is sufficient for the individual components.

The lightning protection system of a wind turbine consists of• External lightning protection • Internal lightning protection / surge protection• Equipotential bonding and earthing

In order to plan protection measures, a wind turbine is sub-divided into lightning protection zones (LPZs)**. The areas which are vulnerable to lightning strikes (LPZ 0A) are deter-mined by means of the rolling sphere method.

LPZ 0** is the outer zone where the threat is due to the unattenuated lightning electromagnetic field and where the internal systems may be subjected to the full or partial lightning current.

LPZ 0 is subdivided into:• LPZ 0A: Parts of the wind turbine which may be subjected to direct lightning strikes and the full lightning electromag- netic field.• LPZ 0B: Parts of the wind turbine which are protected against direct lightning strikes, but where the full lightning electromagnetic field is present.

LPZ 1 and LPZ 2 are inner zones which are protected against direct lightning strikes. However, impulse currents must be limited by current distribution, isolating interfaces and surge protective devices at the zone boundaries.

* IEC 61400-24 Lightning Protection of Wind Turbines IEC 62305 Protection against Lightning** LPZ: Lightning Protection Zone

4

*

* Radius r = 20 m corresponds to lightning protection level I (LPL1I)

r = 2

0 m

*

5

DEHN lightning and surge protection productsin a wind turbine

6

Structures mounted on the nacelle

Type Part No.

Air-termination rods 103 449

Pipe clamp 540 105

Type Part No.

BLITZDUCTOR XT ML4 BE 24 base part + protection module

920 300 +920 324

BLITZDUCTOR XT ML2 BE S 24 base part + protection module

920 300 + 920 224

Signal, bus and control lines

Type Part No.

DEHNguard SE H LI 1000 FM 952 937

Generator

Type Part No.

DEHNguard M TNC 275 FM 952 305

Voltage supply in the nacelle

Type Part No.

DEHNguard M TN CI 275 FM 952 178

BLITZDUCTOR XT ML4 BE 24 base part + protection module

920 300 + 920 324

DEHNpatch M CLE RJ45B 48 929 121

Pitch system, blade sensorsand rotor blade heating

Type Part No.

DEHNguard M TN CI 275 FM 952 178

Aircraft warning light

Weather station Type Part No.

BLITZDUCTOR XT ML4 BE 24 base part + protection module

920 300 +920 324

BLITZDUCTOR XT ML2 BE S 24 base part + protection modulel

920 300 + 920 224

Type Part No.

DEHNbloc M 1 440 FM 961 145

Transformer low-voltage side

Type Part No.

DEHNguard M TNC 275 FM 952 305

Voltage supply in the tower base

Inverter and main supply Type Part No.

DEHNguard M WE 600 FM 952 307

Transformer medium-voltage side

Type Part No.

DEHNmid 990 010

7

8

By implementing coordinated surge protection measures for power supply systems, the risk of a system stillstand due to lightning currents and surges can be avoided. This increases the availability of the wind turbine in the long term.

Lightning / surge protection for power supply systems

Type Part No.

Serial No. 1632 910 502/S

P2 impulse counter

Registration of discharge processes and indication via floating contact.

Type Part No.

DBM 1 760 FM* 961 175

DBM 1 440 FM* 961 145

DEHNbloc® Maxi

Coordinated single-pole type 1 lightning current arrester. Vibration and shock-tested according to EN 60068-2.

* FM = Floating changeover contact

DEHNmid

Surge arrester of line discharge class 1 for medium-voltage systems.

Type Part No.

DMI 30 10 1 L 990 010

DIC 10 994 003

Type Part No.

DSO 1 255 900 230

DEHNsolid

Coordinated spark-gap-based lightning current arrester with an extremely high lightning current discharge capacity up to 200 kA (10/350 µs) and a low voltage protection level Up ≤ 2.5 kV.

Type Part No.

DG M WE 600 FM* 952 307

DG M TN CI 275 FM* 952 178

DG M TNS CI 275 FM* 952 406

DG SE H LI 1000 FM* 952 937

DEHNguard®

Type 2 surge arrester. Vibration and shock-tested according to EN 60068-2.

DEHNguard SE H LI with integrated “Life-time Indication” early warning system ensures preventive condition monitoring.

Red/Line®

Selection Guide

A consistent protection concept prevents damage to infor-mation and data systems. Condition monitoring is indispen-sable for the safe operation and availability of wind turbines. This is ensured by the LifeCheck® arrester monitoring system with RFID technology which also allows remote monitoring of arresters, for example via a wireless network.

Lightning / surge protection for information technology systems

Type Part No.

DPA M CLE RJ45B 48 929 121

DEHNpatch class E / POE+

Universal surge arrester for Ethernet* and similar applications in structured cabling systems accor-ding to class E up to 250 MHz.

LifeCheck® arrester monitoring via RFID technology

DEHNrecord SCM XT monitors up to 10 arresters in a monitoring group, while DEHNrecord MCM XT monitors up to 150 arresters in networked monitoring groups. Fault messages are transferred visually or via remote signalling contact. Vibration and shock-tested according to EN 60068-2.

Type Part No.

DRC MCM XT 910 695

DRC SCM XT 910 696

* POE+ according to IEEE 802.3at

Type Part No.

BXT ML2 BD 180 920 300 + 920 247

BXT ML2 BE HFS 5 920 300 + 920 270

BXT ML2 BE S 24 920 300 + 920 224

BSP M4 BE 180 920 300 + 926 327

BLITZDUCTOR®

Modular and universal combined arrester / surge arrester* for data lines, bus systems, measured va-lue transmission, temperature measuring devices, heating systems and weather sensors. Vibration and shock-tested according to EN 60068-2. Optio-nally available with condition monitoring function.

Type Part No.

DCO SD2 ME 24 917 921

DCO SD2 MD 24 917 941

DCO SD2 MD HF 5 917 970

DEHNconnect

Terminal block with integrated surge protection. Spring-loaded connection system ensures opti-mised design as well as fast and safe conductor connection.

Type Part No.

DRC LC M1+ 910 655

M1+ reader

Portable device with LifeCheck® sensor for fast testing of LifeCheck®-equipped arresters. Robust and easy to use via two keys. Battery capacity for about 2000 tests.

Yellow/Line Selection Guide

9

10

An earth-termination system is required for safe operation of the electrical installations and equipment, as well as for the due functioning of the lightning protection system. This earth-termi-nation system is connected to the equipotential bonding system via the main earthing busbar which is connected to equipment and surge protective devices.

Components for the tower, foundation and equipotential bonding

Type Part No.

Equipotential bonding bar 472 139

Type Part No.

Round wire “Rd”, Ø 10 mm 800 010

Strip “Fl”, 30 x 3.5 mm 810 335

Type Part No.

Fixed earthing terminal of type M 478 011

Type Part No.

Cross unit 318 201

Type Part No.

Connecting clamp 308 030

U-clamp 308 045

Equipotential bonding and earthing

Type Part No.

Bridging cable 377 310

Bridging braid 377 007

2

3

4

5

6

2

3

4

5

6

Air-termination systems from DEHN protect wind measure-ment equipment and aircraft warning lights on the nacelle from direct lightning strikes.

External lightning protection for measurement equipment and signalling devices

Type Part No.

GRP/Al supporting tube 105 300

StSt air-termination tip 105 071

DEHNiso Combi set

Robust and ready-to-mount comple-te unit.

* IEC 62305 Protection against lightning

Special applications

Components for special application in the field of external lightning pro-tection are available on request.

Type Part No.

HVI®power Conductor 819 160

HVI®power long Conductor, 100m 819 137

HVI®long Conductor 819 135

HVI®light Conductor 819 125

HVI®Conductor

High-voltage-resistant, insulated down conductor for maintaining the separation distance from conductive parts in compliance with IEC 62305-3*.

HVI® Conductor Brochure

11

12

Safe working during service operation

We offer adequate work equipment for dead or live working according to the five safety rules.

Type Part No.

Switching stick 763 611

Fuse tong 765 041

Protective gloves, size 10 785 798

Disconnect completely

Switching sticks, fuse tongs, protective gloves.

Type Part No.

Insulating plug 785 640

Insulating blade 785 642

Lock-out system 785 637

Secure against re-connection

Insulating plugs, insulating blades, lock-out systems.

Type Part No.

PHE III voltage detector 767 733

DEHNcap A voltage indicator 767 111

Verify that the installation is dead

PHE III voltage detectors, DEHNcap A voltage indicators.

Type Part No.

Protective shutter 763 211

Provide protection against adjacent live parts

Protective shutters for protection against adjacent live parts.

Carry out earthing and short-circuiting

Configure your earthing and short-circuiting devices online: www.dehn.de/en/euk

Type Part No.

EKV3+1 70 R three-pole earthing and short-circuiting device

VVYCLAF

Earthing stick 761 002

Type Part No.

Helmet for electricians 785 740

Face shield 785 747

Protective gloves, size 10 785 798

APT trousers, size 52 785 782

APJ jacket, size 52 785 772

APC coat, size 52/54 785 756

Protection in case of an arc fault: DEHNcare®

DEHNcare® personal protective equipment combines maximum protection and unique wearing comfort. It is tested to international standards and consists of: • a helmet for electricians• protective gloves• protective trousers• a protective jacket or coat.

Type Part No.

DEHNshort DD CPS 782 030

DEHNshort DD FS 782 050

DEHNshort DD PS 782 040

DEHNshort QD 782 000

Active arc fault protection: DEHNshort

DEHNshort allows to visually detect electric arcs via point sensors or line sensors with optical fibre cables. In addition, DEHNshort can also detect currents. After the arc fault detec-tion unit has activated the arc fault protection system, the short-circuiter causes a metallic short-circuit between the busbars within an extremely short period of time. This short-cir-cuit is disconnected by the circuit breaker. The significantly reduced arc time ensures that the installation is protected. Optionally, the arc detection unit can also directly activate the medium-voltage switchgear installation.

Arc fault protection The DEHNshort protection system provides active arc fault protection. Passive arc fault protection is realised with the DEHNcare® personal protective equipment.

13

14

For engineering offices and for manufacturers and component suppliers of wind turbines, we offer engineering and test services according to IEC 61400-24*. The tests show whether the protection measures taken are effective.

Our test services comprise:

• Lightning current tests on bearings and gearboxes of the mechanical drive train• High current tests on the receptors and down conductors of rotor blades• High current and high voltage tests on rotor blades• System-level immunity tests of important control systems such as the pitch control or aircraft warning light• Tests on customer-specific prewired connection units to protect the electrical installation

Impulse current tests up to 400 kAin the DEHN test laboratory

Our laboratory is equipped with high-performance and modern devices and allows to generate lightning impulse currents up to 400 kA (10/350 µs).

Tests are performed in compliance with the latest national and international standards. Due to our representation on standardisation committees over decades, our employ-ees are always up-to-date with the latest standards and technical basics. We use this knowledge for our engineering and test services, thus making protection concepts for wind turbines feasible. Our aim is to ensure long-term operation and availability of wind turbines.

* IEC 61400-24 „Lightning Protection of Wind Turbines“

Wind turbines place special demands on lightning and surge protection measures which must be taken into account already at the design stage. The protec-tion concept and correct dimensioning of surge pro-tective devices are paramount for the safe operation of wind turbines.

A lightning and surge protection concept must be integrated in the overall concept of a wind turbine. The earth-termina-tion system concept, for example, must be matched with the external and internal lightning protection measures. When selecting arresters, energy coordination of the different ar-rester stages must be observed for the internal lightning pro-tection concept to ensure that even sensitive terminal equip-ment is protected. To achieve the protection goals, special applications of certain lightning and surge protective devices may be required. An overall protection concept requires that a lot of information is collected and centrally evaluated to en-sure the availability of the wind turbine.

Long-standing experience in wind turbine concepts

DEHN has long-standing experience in protection concepts for complex systems, also in the field of wind energy. The ad-vantages are quite obvious: Systematic lightning and surge protection prevents downtime and saves maintenance and repair costs. This ensures a continuous energy yield even in the event of lightning currents and surges. For economic rea-sons, the protection concept must be implemented already at the design stage to avoid expensive repair and retrofit meas-ures at a later date.

15

16

A new generation of wind turbines with greater tower heights, larger rotor diameters and a nominal capacity of more than three megawatts was intro-duced on the market. The innovative hybrid tower system from the Max Bögl group, which is among the five largest German building companies, is an ideal solution for wind turbines with large hub heights.

DEHN products used in hybrid towers

The Max Bögl group developed a hybrid tower consisting of a combination of precast concrete and steel elements. This hybrid tower system allows hub heights up to 150 m above ground level and a total wind turbine height including the rotor of 200 m.

The hybrid tower was adapted and a sophisticated pro-totype was developed together with leading global wind turbine manufacturers and DEHN. DEHN has been closely involved in the development of the earthing concept. Today numerous DEHN products are used in these hybrid towers.

DEHN products protect transformers

As a leading European manufacturer of transform-ers, the SGB-SMIT group is a partner of the wind in-dustry. SGB-SMIT offers customer-specific transform-ers for various wind turbine manufacturers. DEHN provides coordinated lightning and surge protection products for these transformers.

SGB-SMIT, a technology partner for the grid connection of offshore wind farms, offers efficient medium-power or large-scale transformers. The transformer is the first com-ponent which must be protected in case of lightning-relat-ed surges from the supply network. Therefore, tested surge protective devices are indispensable.

In cooperation with DEHN and wind turbine manufacturers, SGB-SMIT develops protection concepts for transformers which can be seamlessly integrated in the overall protection concept of the wind turbine. DEHNmid medium-voltage arresters can be installed on the high-voltage side and type 1 DEHNbloc lightning current arresters on the low-voltage side to protect SGB-SMIT transformers against surges.

17

18

The globally active company Bachmann electro-nic offers complete automation system solutions. This high-tech company dominates the market for automation solutions in the field of wind energy. In cooperation with Bachmann electronic, DEHN deve-loped a concept for protecting the controller from surge damage.

Functional safety in the tower is quite differently assessed by wind turbine manufacturers. However, modern safety solutions with programmable safety controllers allow to implement functions that go far beyond the typical emer-gency off chain: Safe remote monitoring and maintenance in combination with intelligently used redundancies do not only ensure availability, they may even improve it.

Protection concepts for onshore and offshore wind turbines

The protection concept developed by Bachmann electronic and DEHN is a complete safety package including the pro-tection of all Bachmann interfaces. Depending on the eva-luation unit, BLITZDUCTOR XT arresters from DEHN protect and monitor the sensors, which may be situated in different lightning protection zones. The condition monitoring system detects overloaded arresters at an early stage and indicates imminent failure. Up to 10 arresters can be monitored at the same time by means of the DEHNrecord DRC MCM XT module. The status of the arresters can be evaluated at any time via the controller.

Bachmann electronic and DEHN place a high degree of im-portance to system availability. For this reason, all important interfaces are protected. This protection concept is already successfully implemented under harshest conditions for onshore and offshore wind turbines.

The Rostock-based international company Wind to Energy GmbH develops complete wind turbines in the multimegawatt range including certification and tes-ting of prototypes and provides them under licence. In cooperation with DEHN, Wind to Energy (W2E) has prepared a concept for protecting a 3 MW system from surge damage.

Based on the lightning protection zone concept from DEHN, W2E and DEHN implement a complete safety package which protects wind turbines from the effects of lightning strikes and surges. The concept includes external lightning protec-tion, protection of the voltage supply and protection of all in-terfaces. Depending on the evaluation unit, BLITZDUCTOR XT arresters from DEHN monitor and protect different sensors.

Protection concept for 3 MW onshore wind turbine

W2E does not only place a high degree of importance to the protection of the interfaces, but also to the availability of the wind turbine: The DEHNrecord SCM XT condition monitoring system detects overloaded arresters at an early stage and indicates imminent failure. DEHNrecord SCM XT allows W2E to monitor up to ten arresters at the same time and to evalua-te their status at any time via the controller, thus ensuring protection of the turbine.

Consequently, lightning and surge protective devices from DEHN prevent failure and reduce service and repair costs.

19

DS103/E/0814 © Copyright 2014 DEHN + SÖHNE

www.dehn-international.com/wind

Tel. +49 9181 906-0Fax +49 9181 906-1100info@dehn.dewww.dehn-international.com

Hans-Dehn-Str. 1Postfach 164092306 NeumarktGermany

DEHN + SÖHNEGmbH + Co.KG.

actiVsense, BLITZDUCTOR, DEHN, DEHN logo, DEHN protects, DEHNbloc, DEHNcare, DEHNfix, DEHNgrip, DEHNguard, DEHNport, DEHNquick, DEHNrapid, DEHNshield, DEHNsnap, DEHNventil, HVI, LifeCheck, Red/Line are registered trademarks in Germany or in other countries. Illustrations are not binding. We accept no liability for technical modifications, misprints and errors.

www.dehn-international.com/partners

Surge ProtectionLightning ProtectionSafety EquipmentDEHN protects.