Earthquakes

Hayley Cross and Emily JanisMrs. Smith5th hour

April 8, 2011

Earthquake Background Information

What is an earthquake?Earthquakes are the shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth’s surface.

How are earthquakes measured?Earthquakes are measured by seismographs.

What does magnitude mean?The measurement of Earthquakes strength based on seismic waves and movement along faults.

How is magnitude measured?Magnitude is measured on the Moment Magnitude Scale.

Damage Caused by Earthquakes

• Landslides

• Building Collapse

• Tsunamis

• Power Outages

WavesWhat are earthquake waves called?Seismic Waves

What two types of seismic waves are there?

Body Waves and Surface Waves

What two types of body waves are there?P waves and S waves

Body WavesHow do P waves travel?They compress and expand like and accordion

How do S waves travel?They vibrate up and down as well as side to side.

Which move faster?Primary

Elastic Rebound

A Mechanism used by geologists to explain Earthquakes and surface ruptures, seen when a deep fault’s movement breaks through to the Earth’s surface.

They occur at all types of plate boundaries.

The Tohoku Earthquake

This quake occurred at :March 11, 2011 at 9:10 am eastern time

This quake occurred Honshu, Japan

The magnitude of this quake was9.0

Effects on the environment/earth

• It caused a tsunami

• Surface ruptures

• Landslides

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Effects on the People of Japan

• Oiling Blackouts

• Damage of nuclear power plants

• Losses of Hundreds of thousands of lives

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Effects on the Economy of Japan

• Production is expected to decrease

• High costs of rebuilding.

• Disruption of power and water

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GPS Sensors

• One interesting fact about this earthquake is that it moved several GPS sensors. This will require All of the GPS sensors to be reset

• How does elastic rebound explain this movement?

It can detect an objects ability to return to its original shape.

Tsunamis• What is a tsunami?A long high sea wave caused by an earthquake or other

disturbances.

How do tsunami waves appear at sea?Very small

• How high can tsunami waves be?From 30 to 300 feet

• How fast can tsunami waves move?30 to 500 mph

Websites Used

ttp://www.diigo.com/user/richardsj/earthquake