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Emerging Paradigm for Accelerated Inclusive Growth with a Sustainable
Energy Future:
More from Less for More
R.A. Mashelkar
GCEP-RIL Workshop
15 May 2013
Making High Technology Work for the Poor
(Alfred Deakin Innovation Lecture)
Ramesh Mashelkar
Melbourne
6 May 2005
Indian Innovation:
From Gandhi
to
Gandhian Engineering
Ramesh Mashelkar
Canberra
28 April 2008
“I would prize every invention
of Science made for the benefit
for all”
“Earth provides enough to
satisfy every man’s need, but
not every man’s greed”
MORE FROM LESS
FOR MORE
Inclusive Innovation
Getting More (performance)
From Less (resource)
For More (people)
MLM
Innovation’s Holy Grail - MLM
C.K. Prahalad
R.A. Mashelkar
Harvard Business Review- July, August 2010
Special Session
More From Less For More
16 Nov 2010
INNOVATION DICTIONARY
(2008 to 2013)
Frugal Innovation
Inclusive Innovation
Gandhian Innovation
Reverse Innovation
More From Less For More (MLM)
…….
True inclusion of 2.6 billion will demand
Not minor redesigning
But radical rethinking
And creative reinventing
Inclusive Innovation is not about …
Stripping products and services to make
them cheap, somehow
Inclusive Innovation is about ……
Giving high quality at affordable prices!
In other Words
‘Affordable Excellence’
Indovation: ‘Affordable Excellence’ in Healthcare
• Hepatitis B vaccine- 40 times cheaper…
• Cataract Eye Surgery – 100 times
cheaper...
• Open Heart Surgery- 20 times cheaper…
• Artificial Foot- 300 times cheaper…
No dreams- It has been done!
Challenges for Emerging Economies
Despite ‘Income Inequality’ how do
we ensure ‘Access Equality’?
Price Low High
High
Haves
Have - Nots
P E R F O R M A N C E
Price Low High
High
Haves
Have - Nots
P E R F O R M A N C E
Price Low High
High
Haves Have - Nots
P E R F O R M A N C E
Model T $19,700 Ford
Beetle $11,333 Volkswagen
Mini $11,777 British Motor Corp.
Nano $2,000 Tata Motors
Current Dollar Value
| 21
Inclusive Innovation
Technological Innovation
Business Model
Innovation
Workflow Innovation
Organizational Innovation
Research Process
Innovation
System Delivery
Innovation
Policy Innovation
? √ √
Anjani Mashelkar Inclusive Innovation Award
27
Excellence -
Affordable
Excellence
?
Affordable -
Hemoglobin Detection
Best Practice
Invasive with Needles
Cost per Test - $ 5
Next Practice
Non-Invasive, No Needles
Cost per Test- $0.2
| 29 h o m e
Winner 2012- Anjani Mashelkar Inclusive Innovation Award
High Technology : Photoplethysmography + Spectrophotometry
Myshkin Ingawale
“If we do not come up with innovations in
poor countries and take them global, new
competitors from the developing world –
The Mindray, Suzlon & Goldwind- will.
That is a bracing prospect.”
- Jeffrey Immelt
CEO, GE
REVERSE INNOVATION
Reverse Innovation
ElectroCardioGraph
Machine $10000 $600 X
Reverse Innovation
Ultrasound Machine $30000 $1500 X
Strategic Shifts for Inclusive Innovation Business
Remove features to reduce costs
Premium Price-High Margins
Technology Push, Product –Out Approach
Current Markets- Old Money
Use developed world products to transform emerging markets
Reinvent the product from ground up
Affordable Price- High Volumes
Customer Centric, Market Based Approach
New Markets- New Money
Build new global growth platforms based on emerging markets
FROM TO
Despite ‘Income Inequality’ how do
we ensure ‘Energy Access Equality’?
60 M households
78 M households Under-Electrified
Un-Electrified
Power Situation in India
No access to
electricity at all 2-22 hours per day
access to electricity.
Mix of Traditional & Modern Technology
Gandhian Engineering: 4 min pedaling = 4 hours of light!
Chakra Pedal Generator Solution
Konkan: Cashew sorting operation
Inclusive Innovation is not just for the poor!
Off grid village in Velha
Taluka, District Pune
Green Café @ an IT company Pune
Kerosene-fueled pressurized (2 atm)
device
High intensity (3000 lumens) light
No pollution (smoke, soot)
On per unit energy basis, 3 times more
efficient than electric lighting and cooking
More from Less for More –
Lighting plus Cooking
Lanstove – Lighting plus Cooking
“We set up SELCO to bust three myths – the poor people
cannot afford technology, the poor people cannot maintain
technology and it is not possible to run a commercial
venture that fulfills a social objective”.
- Dr. Harish Hande, SELCO founder
SELCO customised PV systems, solutions and services for
impoverished households and businesses
SELCO partners the customer from securing credit to installing to
after sales service.
1,35,000 solar systems sold and financed since 1995
SELCO – Affordable Access to Solar
Energy
Shive - Quintessential Indian
village – only an hour from here!
Population : 3500,
500+ households
Agricultural Economy
Water Availability
Abundant radiation
Poor Grid Connectivity
Daily blackouts of up to 14 hours
Labour migration
No cold storage
Wastage of agricultural produce
Cost effective
solar collectors
Direct Steam
Generation
Hybrid Solar
Biomass
Organic
Rankine cycle
Hybrid STG-
ORC
Free Open
Access – use of
existing grid
Local skill
development:
Social
engineering
Shive Project
India’s First Solar-Biomass Hybrid Power Plant
• Linear axis common
drive parabolic trough
• Non-evacuated receiver
tube technology
• Thermal storage built-in
• Novel serial
arrangement of turbines
• Direct steam
generation/recirculation
More from Less for More!
Conventional Concentrated
Solar Power Plants The Shive Plant
Cost per kW: INR
29,577
Cost per kW: INR
13,584
X
Vs.
More from Less for
More
Revolo – a different view on hybrids
Example of Affordable Excellence!
Micro hybrid ->Full hybrid
-> PHEV -> EV
Pure EV mode
High voltage systems
Requires significant
vehicle design change
Small motor but plug-in – benefits of a
‘full hybrid’ at a significantly lower cost
point
Continuous assistance throughout the
drivecycle – using motor to optimize the base
IC engine
48 volt systems – significantly lower cost
of electronics
Minimum change in existing vehicle
design – make the hybrid work for your
design not the other way round!
Battery independence - Battery
management system allows easy change
between different battery chemistries (Lead
Acid to Lithium Ion etc.)
35% to 40% reduction in fuel consumption
Solution design applicable to a large range of vehicles
From vehicles with advanced electronics to vehicles with completely mechanical power-trains
Battery chemistry agnostic solution
operates across a range of battery chemistries with minimum change
Most affordable hybrid solution available
India pricing starting from $1,200 for a gasoline 800cc hatchback
Revolo: More from Less for More
Panels mounted on Narmada canal
Generating 1 MW of electricity and saving 9 million litres of water from evaporation in a year!
Challenge of land acquisition as well transmission losses eliminated!
More from Less For More: Canal Solar Power
Project - Gujarat
“Just as every life is equal-
Every mind is innovative”
Democratization of Innovation:
Grassroots Innovation
Prof Anil Gupta
Academic & Research Community-
Key Players
Drive Science for Inclusive Society
Inclusive Innovation as an integral part of the educational and research experience
Can we think of, besides science led ‘frontier innovation’, also about science led ‘inclusive innovation’?
Frontier Innovation Inclusive Innovation
Goals Improving lives of people (access and purchasing power) and social harmony
Improving productivity and economic growth
Driven by Challenge of scarcity and aspiration Sophisticated research capabilities,
popular among policy makers and STI community
Market Newer routes to not yet established markets
Well-established route from idea to product to market
Margins High volume low margin products High R&D investments recouped by
long-lasting premiums (high margins)
Drivers Applications-driven and cost-conscious science and research
Curiosity-driven science and research
Global Research For Global Good
Nine countries, five continents
GRA member organisations
Vietnam Inclusive Innovation Project
(GRA as a Knowledge Partner)
World Bank funded ( USD 55 million)
Frontier innovation with inclusive innovation
Technological Advance
Disruptive
Incremental
Bu
sin
ess
Mo
de
l Ad
van
ce
Thank You
