Emerging Defense Technologies

Emerging Defense Technologies www.defense-house.com

October 2009 1

EmergingDefenseTechnologies

Synopsis of global emerging defense technologies for the ground warrior

October 2009

www.defense-house.com Emerging Defense Technologies

2 October 2009

Emerging Defense Technologies is published monthly by Defense House Publishing, P.O. Box 236, Forest Hill, Maryland, 21050, USA. Copyright © 2009. All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, duplicated or re-transmitted without the expressed written permission of the publisher.

The Technology Briefs section of Emerging Defense Technologies is a single reference point for currently developing or developed patented sci-entific and engineering data of military projects or projects that have potential military application. The full reports, in-cluding all technical drawings are avail-able separately. All reports are in the language of the country of origin with the language noted by each report.

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3 Indian Unmanned BMP

4 Armoured Fighting Vehicle Sector Strategy

7 Left of Boom

13 On Target—News Briefs

19 Conventional Arms Transfers - 2008

23 Australian Defense Land Force Programs 2009-2010

26 Calendar of Events

27 Technology Briefs Ammunition & Munitions Artillery Communications, Suvreillance & Sensors Ground Vehicles Infantry Weapons Soldier Survivability & Gear Unmanned Vehicles

What’s Inside


October 2009 1

EmergingDefenseTechnologies

Synopsis of global emerging defense technologies for the ground warrior

October 2009

October 2009


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Indian Unmanned BMP ThefirstprototypeofunmannedgroundvehicleonBMPII(Namica)vehicleplatformhas been developed by Combat VehiclesResearch & Development Establishment,Avadi,Chennai. The prototype consists of drive-by-wire (DBW) system which includeselectromechanical actuators and drives forthe driver interfaces such as acceleration,brake,gearshifting,steering,clutch,parkingbrake,etc.TheDBWsystemiscontrolledbyaPXI-basedcontrollerintheremotevehicleand receives commands on wireless LANfrom a lab view-based GUI located in thebase station. The position feedbacks fromthe encoders on the steering actuators andfrom limit switches on the gear shift leversareobtainedat thebase station for accuratecontrol. The clutching and gear shiftingoperationshavebeencombined in theGUI,rendering the advantages of an automatictransmissiontotheconventionalpowerpack.Remote switching on the engine is alsobuilt in the controller. The unmannedBMPwas demonstrated toDrASivathanuPIllai,distinguished scientist, and chief controllerResearch&Development (NS&ACE), on25May2009. Thesignalsfromtheengine,likeenginerpm,vehiclespeed,etcareacquiredbyadata

acquisition card and displayed in the GUI.TheelectromechanicalactuatorsfortheBMPII have been designed in such a way thatthe driver’s accessibility to all the controlpedals isnotaffected.Thereverseeffectontheactuatorsduetothemanualoverridewasconsideredduringthedesignandselectionof

electromechanicalactuators.

Combat Vehicles Research & Develop-ment Establishment (CVRDE) has its ori-gin as the Chief Inspectorate of Mechanical Transport Establishment (MTE) in Chaklala (now in Pakistan) during world war II in 1929. After India’s independence it was moved to Ahemednagar to form Technical Development Establishment (TDE - Vehicles). It was later transformed into Vehicle Research & Devel-opment Establishment (VRDE), Ahemedna-gar. In 1965, after the decision was made to manufacture the Vijayanta tank, the Heavy Ve-hicles Factory was set up at Avadi. To render R&D support to HVF, a detachment of VRDE was established as a nucleus at Avadi. In 1969, India opted to set up an inde-pendent DRDO laboratory for handling tasks relating to armored fighting vehicles. In March 1976 the detachment of VRDE Avadi was re-designated as Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment (CVRDE).

Combat Vehicles Research & DevelopmentEstablishment


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TheDefence IndustrialStrategysetoutthe government’s approach to the deliveryof the capabilities required by our ArmedForces now and in the future, and the wayinwhichindustrycouldcontributetothat.AnextstepinthatworkistoarticulateanAFVSectorStrategy,aspartof thebroaderLandSectorStrategy,throughwhichMOD,ledbyDE&S, will engage with an appropriately-shaped industrial sector in order to supportthe delivery of current and future AFVcapability. Theevolvingthreatwefacerequires….

Theabilitytomakeintelligent•decisionsrapidlyAgileresponsesfrommilitaryand•industryalike

Our vision for the AFV Sector is: To provide armoured fighting vehicles to meet the current and future operational needs of the armed forces, from a healthy and sustainable supply base that provides greater efficiency,

effectiveness and agility with long term value for money.

Scope and Application

This strategy does not seek to delivera specific outcome or attempt to define anindustrial construct. The aim is to lay outsome guiding principles which will shapeMOD’s evolving relationship with industryintheAFVsector,inordertosetthecontextforindividualprojectdecisions. When applied, these principles willprovide a test for each project in orderto ensure that it contributes to a coherentsectorprogrammeor,whereitdeviates, thatwe understand the implications across thewhole of the delivery landscape. As such,it explicitly avoids mandating solutions toprojectsfromeithera technicalor industrialsupplyperspective. Aglobalmarketmeans…

Manysuppliers•Competitivepressures•Arangeoftechnologiesavailable•Fewbarrierstoexploitation•

Urgent Operational Requirements

Theneedforaswiftandagileresponsetooperationalneedisakeydriverinshapingour approach in theAFVsector.Operationsin Iraq and Afghanistan have required usto make considerable modifications andenhancements to our armoured vehiclesin order to meet both the environmentaldemandsaswellastheevolvingthreat.Since2003,we have invested over £2.3Bn in theland equipment area, with several thousandpeople in both MOD and industry jointlyengaged in thiswork.Warrior, forexample,hasbeenfittedwith20newsystemsatacostof £1.1M per vehicle (or about 30% of thebasevehiclevalue).Thiswork,andthespeedwithwhichwe need to undertake it, drivesour requirements for design information,appropriateAIT expertise and a competentMROorganisation.

Key Driver: Operational Soverignty and Value for Money

Therearetwofundamentaldriverswhichwill continue to shape our approach to theprocurement and support of ourAFV fleet:theneedtomaintainappropriateoperationalsovereigntyandtheneedtoincreasevalueformoneyinthesector. TheUKgovernmentreservestherighttomaintain an appropriate degree of access toindustrial skills, capacities, capabilities andtechnologytoensureappropriateoperationalsovereigntyintherangeofoperationsthatwewishtobeabletoconduct. Wedefineoperationalsovereigntyastheability to use our armed forces’ capabilitieswith appropriate UK control and withoutthirdpartyconstraints. Inmeeting our operational sovereigntyneeds,wewillfirstlooktotheopenmarket,andonlyifthatmarketisnotappropriatewillwesecureAFV-relatedcapabilitywithin theUK and, if necessary, within governmentitself. Where appropriate operationalsovereignty can only be achieved throughsustaining key industrial skills, capabilities,capacitiesandtechnologyintheUK,wewillbalancethebenefitsagainstthepotentialcostsofsuchanapproach. Acentralconsiderationfor theMODisthe securing of long-term value for money(vfm) across the whole delivery landscape,

Armoured Fighting Vehicle Sector StrategyThe UK Ministry of Defence recently released their Armoured Fighting Vehicle Sector Strategy, the text of which follows.


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and we believe that competition should beexploited where it is the most appropriatemechanism for delivering this. Where aviable competition cannot be established,then we will seek to deliver vfm throughthe establishment of long-term partneringarrangementswithanappropriatesupplier. Indoingthis,wewillensurethattheuseoftheDefenceSupportGroupisoptimisedinordertodeliverbestoverallvaluefordefence.Itwillalsobeimportant,onceacompetitionis completed, tofind amechanismwherebythewinningcontractorintegratesintoextantor new support partnering arrangementsdesignedtosecurelong-termvalue.

Current Landscape and Our Future Approach Design Rights Currently,MODisoftenconstrained initsability tomodifyvehiclesbecauseof thelimitedrightsweholdovertheuseofvehicledesign information. This is not a positionwhich we would wish to retain, because itlimits our ability to contract for subsequentUK-specific modification activity, as wellas routine upkeep and update work, withsomebody other than the original designentity. The securing of appropriate rightsover the use of design information, whereaffordable, will be an important element ofourfutureapproachtovehicleacquisition.Maintenance,RepairandOverhaul(MRO) TheUK’scontinuingabilitytomaintainand operate its AFV fleet is dependenton two fundamental activities: the abilityto understand and manage the structuralintegrity of the vehicles and the ability torepair and re-generate battle damaged oroperationally time-expired vehicles. Boththeseactivitiesarefeaturesofupkeepactivity,

andaredeliveredthroughacompetentMROorganisation. It follows that the ability tocarry out these activities must be retainedon-shore, although the off-platform repairofnon-criticalsub-systemsneednotbe.Theretention of DSG partiallymeets this need,althoughnotcompletelyorinisolation,andweacknowledgethatwewill remaindependenton an appropriate industrial component tosupportDSGoutputs.

Assembly, Integration and Test (AIT)

Lessonslearnedfromcurrentoperationshave re-emphasised the need to be able tomake substantial changes to the capabilitiesofourvehiclesinordertorespondtorapidlyevolving threats. In industrial terms, thisrequiressufficientrightsovertheuseofvehicledesigninformation(the‘What’)andassured

access to the design knowledge and designcapability (the ‘How’), in order to designmajorUK-specificsub-systemupgrades. It also requires the ability to undertaketheproduction,assembly,integrationandon-vehicletestofsuchsystemupgradesinordertodeliverausablesolution.

Conclusions

Therearetwomajorconclusionsthatwehavedrawnfromouranalysis:

ThatwearepreparedtoacquireAFVs•from the global market, providedthat we can secure appropriatedesign rights and assured accessto design information and designknowledge. This is necessary inorder to allow us to modify ourvehicles as we wish to meet ourneeds. However we acknowledgethat each case will be subject toaffordablilityconsiderations.

Our approach is not simply based on acquiring new vehicles. Part of our approach to capability delivery is prudent investment in what we already have. Since 2006, we have invested over £173M in turning 900 FV 432 into Bulldog vehicles, which have made a significant contribution to operations in Iraq

Bulldog:Investing in What We Have


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That in order then to continue•to operate our AFV fleet withappropriateoperationalsovereignty,we need assured access to acompetent AFV system designcapability, togetherwiththeabilityto maintain and operate the fleetthrough maintenance repair &overhaul activities, to upgradethe fleet through the assemblyintegration&testofmajorAFVsub-systems, aswell as have availablesuitable expert advice on systemandsub-systemintegration.

Key Principles

These conclusions, supported by ourother background work, have led to thedevelopmentof9KeyPrincipleswhichwillshapeourapproachtothissector:(1) Operational SovereigntyOperational sovereignty considerationsdetermine the need for assured access toAFV design expertise, maintenance repair&overhaulandassembly integration& testcapabilities, in order to be able to modifyvehiclesaswewish.Thisgivesustheabilityto prosecute operations in conditions ofdynamic threat. But there is a requirement,allbeitnotatanycost,tomanufactureUK-

specificcriticalsub-systemson-shore.(2) Global Market Exploitation Weshould,asadefaultapproach,operateasacustomerintheglobalAFVmarketprovidedthat we can secure appropriate rights over,andaccessto,designinformationanddesignknowledge.(3) Procurement FocusAt base-vehicle level, procurement shouldfocus on intrinsically flexible vehicles withgrowth potential and exploitation routes inorder tomaximisebothutilityandvalueformoney.(4) Holistic Support StrategyThe integrated nature of operations in theground environment requiresmigration to a

holistic support strategy for allAFVs, bothlegacyandfuture.(5) Intelligent Customer CompetencesWe need to be able to define technicalstandardsandarchitectures.Wealsoneedtobe able tomake intelligent decisions, basedonindependentadvice,onbringingtherighttechnologies into integrated solutions usingbest systems engineering practice in orderbothtomanagesafetyanddelivercapabilitythrough life. Over recent years, we havechosennottoretainmanyofthecompetenciesweneedinhouse:weacknowledgetheneedtosourcethemfromelsewhereamongstourindustrialpartners.(6) Intelligent Customer ObligationsWe must continue to develop an approachinwhichwe act as an intelligent customer,allocating risk appropriately, being realisticinourdemandsandpromisesanddeliveringonourcommitmentsandobligations.(7) Design Information RightsWemustsecuresufficientrightsoverdesigninformation, as well as assured access torelevantdesignknowledge,toallowthirdpartymodification of designs where appropriate,andtoallowroutinemaintenance,repairandoverhaulactivities.(8) Defence Support Group (DSG) LeverageDSG capability and capacity should beutilised to the maximum extent possible inindividualprojectdeliverystrategies,inordertoprovidebestvaluefordefence.(9) VFM on Through Life and Whole Solution Basis In striving for vfm, the focus should beon leveraging both industry and our ownresourcestorealisevfmboththroughlifeandacrossthewholedeliverylandscape,inordertoavoidaseriesofsub-optimaldecisionsatindividualprojectlevel.

Assembly,IntegrationandTest(AIT)isimportanttous…

Itenablestherapidupgradeofour•vehicles to meet new threats (e.g.additionalarmourprotection)It enables the long-term evolution•ofourfleettomeetourneedsWe are developing AIT expertise•morewidely throughcurrentUORworkwithanumberofcontractors

Foracopyoftheoriginaldocument,goto:www.mod.uk/NR/rdonlyres/993C6B2A-B028-4612-8B6E-451E0C2554AD/0/afvsectorstrategy.pdf

Integration & Test: Remote Weapons System on CR2An example of the integration and test challenge we face is the programme to design, integrate test and deliver the remote weapon system for CR2. Working closely with the vehicle Design Authority and system supplier, 24 systems were supplied, fitted and delivered within 8.5 months at a cost of £3.9M


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Through this BAA, the Departmentof Defense (DoD) solicits proposals forthe development of innovative capabilitiesto defeat IEDs employed against U.S. andcoalition forces anywhere in the world,but especially in Iraq and Afghanistan.JIEDDO is seeking innovative counter-IEDcapabilities that can be rapidly developed,demonstrated,anddeployedwithin12to24months from award. However, JIEDDO iswillingtoentertainlessmaturesystemswitha potentially high payoff. Proposals mustaddressoneofthefollowingfivesolicitationareas:

Detect,neutralizeormitigate•person-borneIEDs.Detect,neutralizeormitigate•buriedIEDsorpressureinitiationdevices.Providestand-offdetectionand•confirmationofexplosivesorchemicalcompoundsassociatedwithexplosives.Detect,neutralizeormitigate•explosivelyformedpenetrators.Counter-IEDmedicalscienceand•technologies.Anyadditionaltechnology,•information,orrecommendationsthatwouldenhanceexistingcounter-IEDsystems.

Stand-Off Detection of Person-borne IEDs Requirements

Themost importantanddifficultaspectof the person-borne IED (PBIED)detectionproblem is reliable, verifiable interrogationofallindividualsinanunstructuredcrowdat

a largepublic event (e.g. a crowdedmarketsquare). JIEDDO is also interested in themore manageable problem of interrogationat controlled accesspoints,with individualsqueuedupforinterrogationbyportalorotherfixed-site technologies in a one-at-a-timescenario(e.g.anelectionpollingstation). However, it should be emphasized thatthis is a subsetof the largerproblemof theunstructured crowd, and does not representa full solution. Queues represent targets ofopportunity forbombers; therefore JIEDDOis primarily interested in solutions thataddressthecrowdproblemwithout requiring the cooperation or even knowledge of the individual being interrogated. Stand-off means that the PBIEDdetection and confirmation should beperformed at a distance far enough awayfrom thesuspectdevice that theoperatororvaluedassetsareprotectedshouldthedevicedetonate. The stand-off distance will varydepending on the specific scenario, but themainobjectiveistodevelopthecapabilitytorapidlyandaccuratelydetectPBIEDfromasafedistance. Due to the issues of occlusion, lookangle, and the potentially large number ofindividuals present, no single sensor canprovide adequate coverage. Therefore,JIEDDOwouldpreferamulti-sensor,system-of-systems approach in order to eliminatePBIEDs as a weapon system of strategicinfluence. However, singlesensorsolutionsthatprovideadesiredcapabilitywillalsobeconsidered. Counter-PBIED proposals shouldaddress one ormore of the following focusareas:

1. Single- and multi-sensor algorithms for aided or automated threat detection In order to address the unstructuredcrowd,algorithmsmustbeabletoexploitverylowdwelltime,ontheorderofonesecondorless,withrealtimethreatassessment. a. Proposals addressing detectionalgorithms should describe methods forexploiting sensor data to extract threatfeatures in an automated or operator-aidedfashion to reduce operators’ decision cycle.JIEDDO’smostcriticalneedinalgorithmsistheautomatedisolationofanomalousregionsof2Dand3Dimageryofpersons.ItshouldbenotedthatPBIEDdevicesareimprovised,sopatternmatchinghaslimitedvalue. b. Solutions may include single- andmulti-sensordetectiontechniques,andshouldthereforeaddresscombineduseofdisparatesensor data to enhance the probability ofdetection (Pd) andminimize the false alarmrate (FAR). Confidence values should beincluded for weighted, multi-sensor threatassessmentsinputtedintofusionalgorithms. c.JIEDDOisseeking intelligent fusionenginesforcombiningmultiplesensorthreatassessmentsandconfidencevaluestoenhancePdandminimizeFAR. d.Proposedsolutionsshouldaddressdatatransformation for multi-sensor algorithms.Forexample,imagerycapturedbysensorsatdifferent lookangles to the individualbeinginterrogatedneedtobetransformedtocorrectfor perspective and parallax differences toenabledirectimagecomparison.

2. Threat-detection sensor technologies In order to address the unstructuredcrowd,aimed,standoffsensorsmustprovidefastslewrates(ontheorderofmilliseconds)

Left of Boom

The Joint Improvised Explosives Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) has issued a broad agency announcement (BAA) entitled Rapid Development of Counter-IED Capabilities.


8 October 2009

and the ability to address small fields ofregard (either by an overall narrow field ofview, or resolution and algorithms whichcanaddressa smallportionofa largerfieldofview).Heavy, low-slew rate,panand tiltsolutionsareoflimitedvalue. a. Active or passive, imaging or non-imaging, millimeter wave (MMW) andterahertz (THz).Preferencewillbegiven tothose proposed sensor technologies whichoperateinthe10-1200GHz(0.01to1.2THz)frequencyrangewhereclothingtransmissionis significant. Modalities may includeimaging,polarimetryandspectroscopy. b. Metaldetectionsensors–optimally,sensorsshouldbepackagedandminiaturized,with methods to secure the sensors to theground to enable them to be deployed incrowds,onpavedandunpavedsurfaces,whilemakingitdifficultforpersonstoremovethesensors or damage them intentionally orinadvertently. c.Stand-aloneair-samplingspectroscopicsensors. As in the case of metal detectionsensors,spectroscopicsensorswouldideallybe miniaturized and packaged to enablesecure, rapid deployment. A combinedpackageofmetaldetectionandspectroscopicdetectionwouldbeconsideredaswell. d. Active or passive, imaging or non-imaging, infrared (IR) sensors, includingtechnologies for standoff spectroscopicidentification of explosives on (trace) andthrough(bulk)clothing. e. Electronics sensors for non-linearjunction(diode)detection. f. Behavioral detection technologies– gate analysis, aggression, respiration andheart rate – to enable assessment of threatpotentialofpersons. g. Ancillarytechnologywhichactivelyenhancesignaturesforothermodalities.

3. Personnel Tracking Software and Sensors a. Algorithms to enable situationalawareness and tracking of all individualsin the area of coverage aswell as hand offof individuals’ tracks from one sensor toanother. b. Methods for passive tagging oftracked individuals so that lost tracks canbe automatically reacquired. These mayinclude color histogram, texture, or shapecharacterizationtoprovideapassivetag,andmaybeinformedbycolorcameras,LIDAR,orothertechnologies. c. Proposals addressing personneltrackingshoulddescribesensors tobeused,aswellasthesoftwaretobeusedforlocation

and tracking of individuals in the area ofcoverage. d.Videoanalyticssoftwareforanalysisand prediction of individuals’ behavior anddetection of suspicious inanimate objects(e.g.bags,backpacks,andboxes).

4. Multi-sensor Architecture a. Proposals addressing multi-sensorarchitectures should describe a softwarenetwork backbone which: enables straight-forward addition of new sensors andcomputingresourcestothesystem;iscapableof auto-discovery of those sensors andcomputing resources; assigns computationaltaskstoavailablecomputingresources. b. Software developer kit (SDK):Proposals addressing multi-sensorarchitecturesshouldincludeaSDKtoallowplug-and-playadditionofsensorsbyenablingsensor developers to rapidly complete asoftwarecontrolinterfacefornewsensors. c. Proposedsolutionsshouldprovideagraphicaluserinterface(GUI)whichenablescommand,control,andinterfacewithsensors,computing resources, communicationssystems,operatorsandinterdictors,aswellasintelligent, simultaneousdisplayofmultiplesensorinputsandthreatstatusforsystemareaofcoverage.

5. Proposals Counter-PBIED proposals shouldspecifically address their methodology toprovideearlystand-offdetectionofpotentialsuicide attackers without providing unduealert to the attacker.Where appropriate, thedetectionproposalshouldinclude: a.Descriptionofkeydetectionsignaturesorobservables,andwhythevendorbelievesthose key signatures to be unique andreliable.Proposalswhichincludepreliminarytest data demonstrating the existence of astrong observable will be given preference.Inallcases,informationorempiricaldataonsolution’s dependence upon environmentalconditions and clothing types will greatlyassist JIEDDO in assessing the value ofproposedsolutions. b. Description of potential falsealarm sources especially in high-clutterenvironments and how those false alarmsourceswillbemitigated. c. Description of expected Pd andFAR, and their dependence upon range,environmentalconditionsandvariationsduetothebodytypesofthosebeinginterrogated.For existing technologies, proposers areencouraged to provide test data in supportoftheexpectedperformanceoftheproposed

An Improvised Explosive Device (IED) is defined as a device placed or fabricated in an improvised manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and designed to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract. It may incorporate military supplies, but is normally devised from non-military components.

Counter-IED (C-IED) is defined as the collective efforts at all levels to defeat the IED system in order to reduce or eliminate the effects of all forms of IEDs used against friendly forces and non-combatants according to the mission. It includes offensive and defensive measures taken to predict, prevent, detect, neutralize, and mitigate the IED threat, as well as train our forces to counter it. It also includes operations to predict and prevent the IED network.

The PREDICT functional capability is the foretelling of activities associated with the IED manufacture and emplacement, to include: recruitment, information operations, financial transactions, transportation, manufacturing processes, and identification of the people associated with these activities.

The PREVENT functional capability is the targeting, interdiction, and elimination of enemy personnel (operators and bomb makers) and the associated infrastructure (facilities and supplies) that precludes employment of IEDs against military and civilian personnel.

The DETECT functional capability is the extraction of information from objects and activities associated with IEDs (fabrication, transportation, and employment) or components of IEDs and in sufficient time to achieve a favorable outcome.

The NEUTRALIZE functional capability is to provide the means to disable, disrupt or pre-detonate IEDs or their sub-components.

The MITIGATE functional capability is to lessen or minimize the severity of IED-related events through enhancement of protection. New capabilities will enhance the protection of military personnel vehicles by mitigating the blast effects of IEDs.

Definitions


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detectionsystem. d. Aclearstatementof thecurrentandend-state technical maturity of the primarydetectionmethods. Vendors shouldaddress interoperabilityin a radio-frequency jamming environment,collateraleffects(humanexposurelimits),andanyotherissuerelevanttotheintegrationoftheproposedsystemintoamilitaryoperatingenvironment.

Buried IED and Pressure Initiation Device Requirements

Detection of Buried IEDs Buried IEDs are emplacedon or underthegroundwith the intent todetonate thembeneath vehicles and personnel. They areusedon roadways, thoroughfaresandchokepoints where intended victims are likely topass over. Emplacements vary widely, butburial depth often correspondswith the netexplosive weight of the device (i.e. largerdevices can be emplaced more deeply orin culverts). The explosive charge can becomposedof: metallicordnance, lowmetalmines, bulk explosives in metal, plastic orfabric containers; or combinations of theseelements. Devices are frequently emplacedinornearfeaturesthatscreentheirsignaturesand reduce visible evidence of their burial,suchasrepairedholesandculverts. The most common initiators forburied IEDs are pressure switches andcommandwires.Commandwires lead fromthe main charge off the road to a switch,battery and person at a remote firing point.Pressure switches are emplaced under lightoverburden near themain charge and closea contact when compressed under a wheelor foot. Frequent association and proximityofpressureswitches tomainchargesenabledetectionstrategiesthataddresseitherorbothIEDcomponents. Common pressure switches arefabricated from lightweight conductivecomponents that are held apart by non-conductive flexible or collapsible spacers.Although they can be fabricated frommostanything conductive, common componentsare saw blades, nails, foil, dual conductorwires and commercial pressure switches.Metalcontentcanbedeliberatelyminimized.Other components associated with pressureswitchesarebatteries,wireleadstothemaincharge, command arming wires and radiocontrolarmingdevices. Detecting buried IEDs is a significantchallenge. JIEDDO’s investments to meetthis challenge will encompass technologies

intendedtodirectlydetect thedeviceinsituand technologies intended to detect signsof emplacement, either by coherent changedetectionorbyidentifyingthecharacteristicsignatures of disturbed earth and otherartifacts. Partiallyor fullyautomated threatidentification capabilities will be requiredinmost operational scenarios.White papersshould provide a clear discussion of theautomated threat identification approachproposed. Potential platforms includemannedandunmannedgroundvehiclesandaircraft. DetectionofaburiedIEDfromagroundvehiclemustbecompletedbeforethevehicleenterstheblastareaordetonatesthedevice.Theminimumsafedetectionrange(stand-offdistance)willvarywiththetypeofoperation.Explosive ordnance disposal (EOD)operations are performed when a possibleIED location has been identified.The EODteam interrogates the location to confirmthepresenceofanIED,imagesitifpossibleanddisables it.EODteamscan loiterat thethreat location for a brief period, and theymaydirectadetectionorimagingsystematalikelyIEDfromarobotorinterrogationarm.EOD operations require that a system havehighresolutionimagingcapabilityandahighprobabilityofdetection(Pd),butthedetectionrange can be short and determination of athreatcanbelefttotheoperator. Routeclearanceoperationsareintendedto find and remove threats on frequentlytravelled routes. While advancing alongthe route, the route clearance team candirect its attention to discovering threats,andmayproceedat a slowpacenear likely

threat locations.Detection systems intendedfor route clearance require that threats beautomaticallynominatedwithhighPdintimefor the operator to stop, and that the falsealarm rate (FAR) be low enough to permitreasonable forward progress as determinedbythemissionandoperators. Tactical and convoy operations requirehigher speeds and demand more of theoperator’s attention, so detection systemsneedtoautomaticallyfindandidentifythreatsindependentoftheoperatoratadistancethataccommodates the vehicle speed. Tacticalandconvoyscenarioswillrequireaforwardlookingorcloselylinkedairbornesystem.AlowerPdmaybetolerated. Detection of buried IEDs from theair benefits all ground forces regardless ofmission, but success of an airborne systemdepends on: meeting the size, weight andpowerrequirementsoftheproposedplatform;availability of the platform; search rate;rapidcommunicationofIEDnominationstoground forces; and viability of the requiredsearchCONOPS. JIEDDO’snear termgoal is toenhanceburied-IEDdetectioncapabilitiesinEODandrouteclearancescenariosinboththeaters.OurultimategoalistoprovideburiedIEDdetectioncapabilities that areeffective inconvoyandtactical scenarios.To accomplish our goals,JIEDDOwillfieldasuiteofsystemsthatcanprovide buried IED detection capability tounitsinmostoperationalscenarios. Thetechnicalissuesassociatedwiththevariousoperationalprofilesaredifferent,andsolutionsthataddressanypartoftheproblemwill be pursued. All viable solutions will


10 October 2009

exploitsignaturesthatarerobust,distinctandpersistent.Thetechnicalchallengesinclude:

Penetrationthroughair,pavement,•andsoilIdentificationoftargetsignaturesin•clutter(naturalorman-made)Identificationofawidevarietyof•targets,includingnon-metallicAutomatedthreatdetectionand•identification(e.g.pressureplatevs.maincharge)Variationsinsensorperspective•andenvironmentonconsecutivesearchesTimelyandclearcommunicationof•targetlocationtogroundforcesInteroperabilityofsensorsystems•withothersystemsusedintheoperatingenvironmentMitigationofcollateraleffects•onfriendlyforces,civilians,andelectronicinfrastructure

Stand-off Detection and Confirmation of Explosives

Stand-off explosives detection isdifferent and more challenging than stand-off explosives confirmation. Explosivesdetection is defined as the ability to findexplosives associated with a threat whenthereisnopriorevidenceofthepresenceofa target material or other cueing indicator.Explosives confirmation is the ability todeterminethecompositionofamaterialatasuspiciouslocation.Stand-offmeansthatthe

explosivesdetectionandconfirmationshouldbeperformedatadistancefarenoughawayfrom thesuspectdevice that theoperatororvaluedassetsareprotectedshouldthedevicedetonate. The stand-off distance will varydepending on the specific scenario, but themainobjectiveistodevelopthecapabilitytorapidlyandaccuratelyinterrogatefromasafedistance.IntermsoftheJIEDDOmission,themostchallengingaspectsofthisproblemarethe requirements to have a high probabilityof detection and a low probability of falsealarmsatrelativelylargestand-offdistancesinanenvironmentthatiscontaminatedwithexplosives.

1. Stand-off detection of explosives ischallenging.Akeyconsideration tomeetingthiscapabilitygapisthatstand-offexplosivesdetection is required for a wide variety ofsituations, including but not limited to:personnelandvehicleborneIEDsincomplexenvironments such as marketplaces; buriedorhiddenIEDs;andassemblyandproductionfacilities. Ideal solutions should encompasslookingforallpotentialexplosives,bothinthedetection and confirmationmode.However,the following categories are of particularinterest: bulk home-made explosives andenclosedorhiddenmilitarygradeexplosives.In general, detection capability shouldprovide wide area scanning capabilityand a preliminary indication of where theconfirmationsensorshouldinterrogate.

2. Stand-off confirmation of explosives is not a standalone capability. Cueing from

another system or an observable is usuallyrequired. In this context, cueing involvesindicatorsthatanIEDthreatmaybepresentandtheneedtoperformstand-offexplosivesconfirmation. Cueing may be from theexplosive itself, or other indicators (e.g.disturbed earth, etc.). Ideally, confirmationshould rapidly interrogate a selected areaof interest and provide an unambiguousindication that explosives are (or are not)present.

3. Comprehensive solutions to addressthe stand-off explosives confirmation gapshouldincludeconsiderationofthefollowingcomponents:

Samplingprotocol:when,where,•andhowoftentointerrogateinordertoconfirmthepresenceofanexplosivethreat.Discrimination:theabilitytolink•thepresenceofachemicalspeciestothepresenceofanexplosivethreat.Selectivityandsensitivity:the•abilitytodetectthepresenceofanexplosivethreatinanenvironmentalreadycontaminatedwithexplosives.

4. Operational utility of proposed stand-off capabilities is a key consideration inorder tomeet theobjectivesof theJIEDDOmission. In order to more fully determinethe potential effectiveness of a proposedstandoffexplosivesdetectionorconfirmation


October 2009 11

capability, consideration should be given tothespecificscenariounderwhichtheproposedtechnologycouldbeemployed.Examplesofrelevantoperationalscenariosare:

Interrogationofsuspectvehicles,•atacheckpoint,parkedalongaroadway,ortravellingfreely.Detectionandconfirmationcanfocuseitheronexplosives(militarygradeorhomemade),orchemicalmaterialsrequiredtoconstructanIED.Routeclearanceinterrogation•fromgroundoraerialassets.Considerationshouldbegiventothespeedoftheplatformandtheareatobeinterrogatedinasettimeframe.Interrogationofsuspectfacilities•wherehomemadeexplosiveproductionmaybetakingplaceorwhereIEDsarebeingassembled.Detectionandconfirmationcanfocusontheexplosive,thechemicalmaterialsrequiredformanufacturingexplosives,ortheassemblyofanIED.Interrogationofasuspect•individual,eitheratacheckpointorinanunstructuredcrowd.Forthisscenariodetectionandconfirmationshouldbelimitedtotheexplosive.Scenariosarenotlimitedto•thoselistedabove;however,proposedscenariosmustbeclearlyassociatedwiththeJIEDDOmissionspace.

5. Additional capabilities. As stand-offexplosives detection and confirmationcapabilitiesadvance,therewillbeacontinuingneed to increase the speed, accuracy, andautomationofthedetectionprocess.Solutions

couldinclude:

Improvedalgorithms:AidedorautomateddetectionCooperativeuseofmultiplesensorsanddatacueing

Hardwareimprovements:IncreasedrangeIncreasedresolutionandselectivityReducedsize,uptoandincluding

handheldsensorsfordismountedoperations

Novel approaches using new technologies.Examplesinclude,butarenotlimitedto

Capacitancetrans-impedancearray (CTIA)detectorbasedtechnologies

Nanotechnology-basedsensorswith promiseformoresensitiveIRandlaser systems

Effective sensors that are small,inexpensive and usable for wide areasurveillance by dispersal over an area ofinterestmaybeuseful,butsensingofthistypehasthepotentialforunintendedconsequencessuchasenvironmentalcontamination,healtheffects, or other unforeseen outcomes thatmustbeaddressed.

Explosively Formed Penetrator Requirements

Anexplosivelyformedpenetrator(EFP)is a class of IED designed to fire a shapedwarhead thateffectivelypenetratesarmoratstand-offdistances.AnEFPsystemhasfourmajorcomponents:

Armingswitch.Thiscomponent•armsordisarmstheEFP.More

sophisticatedEFPsusearadio-controlled(RC)device(e.g.cellphoneorlongrangecordlesstelephone)totransmitacontrolsignal.Triggerswitch.Thiscomponent•triggerstheexplosivedevice.MoresophisticatedEFPsuseavictimoperatedtrigger.LesssophisticatedEFPsusecommandoperatedtrigger.ExplosiveDevice.Theexplosive•deviceconsistsoffourelements:aconcavemetalliner(thepenetrator),case,baseplate,andexplosivecharge(propellant).Thecaseisgenerallycylindricalandfabricatedfromcommonlyavailablematerials(e.g.PVCorsteelpipe).Theforwardendofthecaseisclosedbyaconcavecopperorsteeldisk-shapedliner,whichformsthepenetrator.Generallymilitary-gradeplasticexplosivesareloadedbehindthelinertofillthecasing.Ablastingcapinitiatorisplacedthoughaholeinthebaseplate.Thepenetratorcanreachspeedswelloveronekilometerpersecondwithkineticenergyontheorderofmegajoules,dependingonthedesignandtypeofexplosiveused.Camouflage.Thiscomponent•concealstheEFPsystemandoftenconsistsofhardenedpolyurethanefoamdesignedtoblendthesystemintotheimmediateenvironment.

An EFP detection system is expectedto perform detection, interrogation anddiscrimination in both rural and urbanenvironments,withtheirassociatedclutter.


12 October 2009

RuralEnvironment.Clutterina•ruralenvironmentisdominatedbynaturalobjects.Examplesinclude,butarenotlimitedto:trees,grass,gravelroads,culverts,agricultureandanimals.UrbanEnvironment.Clutterinan•urbanenvironmentisdominatedbymanmadeobjects.Examplesinclude,butarenotlimitedto:trash(e.g.plasticbottles,paper,etc.),buildingmaterial(e.g.concreteblocks,stonebuildingblocks,metalrebarormesh),buildings,curbs,roads,concretebarricadesandhumans.Inadditiontophysicalclutter,urbanenvironmentshaveEMIclutterfromman-madeelectronicdevices.

JIEDDO’s requirement is to developalgorithms for automated detection anddiscrimination on the explosive device andcamouflagewhileonthemoveinthepresenceof urban and rural clutter. Proposals shallprovideaclearandconcisediscussiononthefeaturesthealgorithmswillusefordetection.Proposals will also provide a clear andconcisediscussiononhowtheirsystemwilloperateinbotharuralandurbanenvironment.Proposalsthatonlydiscusshardwarewithoutdiscussing algorithm development will notbe considered. JIEDDO requires that thesedetection algorithms support detection from

a moving vehicle while performing routeclearance operations. Detection of the EFPmust occur in time to provide a safe stand-off-distanceforthevehicle’screwtoreact. JIEDDO is interested in technologiesthatcan:

DetecttheEFPexplosivedevice•usingradartechniquesinaruralandurbanenvironment.DetecttheEFPexplosivedevice•andcamouflageusingacoustictechniquesinaruralandurbanenvironment.ConcurrentlydetectanddefeatEFP•asaweaponCombinetwoormoredetection•andinterrogationtechniquesonEFPcomponents(i.e.armingswitch,triggerswitch,explosivedeviceandcamouflage)toincreasetheprobabilityofdetectionandreducethefalsealarmrate.Combinedtechniquesshallhavetheabilitytodetect,interrogateanddiscriminateinruralandurbanenvironments.

Counter-IED Medical Science and Technology

Inordertoensureandenhancemedicalresearchandstudies,theJIEDDOSurgeon’soffice provides Science and Technology

and research for medical initiatives thatenhance lifesaving measures, prevention,early detection and informatics for US andmultinationalservicemembers;asaresultofIEDblasts.

Proposalsshalladdresscapability•gapsinwhichsignificantmedicalresearchisrequiredtoconductormitigatetheunknowneffectsofblastandblasttraumaforimprovedwarfighterperformance.Proposalsshalladdressspecific•medicalresearch,studies,prototypes,softwareenhancement,equipmentandortrainingmaterialsthatwillassistinattackingthenetwork,defeatingthedevice,trainingtheforceordatafusion.

•Other Counter-IED Proposals

Offerors possessing any additionaltechnology,information,orrecommendationsthat would enhance the detection,identification, or defeat of IEDs or theirsupporting manufacturing, transportation,emplacementorpersonnelnetworksarealsoencouragedtosubmitproposalstothisBAA. IdentifywhataspectsoftheIEDproblemasaweaponsystemofstrategicinfluenceeachproposal addresses and how each proposedsolutionwouldmitigate the effectivenessoftheIEDweaponsystem.


October 2009 13

On Target

Light Protected Patrol Vehicle

frompreviousplatforms.High articulation independent suspension,airspringunitsandtuned-for-purposedampingcoupledtomanagedpowertransmissionprovidesallterrainmobilityandspeed.Astarter-generatorprovidessubstantialelectricalpowerforallmissionscenar-iosand thesameCumminsengineandAllison transmissionsystemmatchesthelogisticfootprintofJackalandCoyote. The4x4SPV400Seriesconcept,whichcarriesa2+4crewandhasadeclaredGVWof7500kg,providesauseablepayloadof1500kg.A6x6SPV600Seriessisterplatformisduetofollow. Supacat andNPAerospaceoffer an innovativeandprovende-signcapabilityinvehiclemobilityandprotectiontodelivertheLPPVProgram.TheyaretheleadingvehicleUORprovidersresponsibleforthebackboneof theUKarmedforces’ in-theatreprotectedmobilityfleet, respectivelysupplyingandsupportingJackalandCoyote,andRidgebackandMastiff.FortheLPPVbidSupacatisprimecontractorandsystemsintegratorresponsibleforthemobilityplatformandNPAerospace isprincipal sub-contractor responsible for theprotectionandcrewpod,aswellasprovidingproductionresources.

Supacatrecentlyunveiled theSupacatProtectedVehicle(SPV)Series,thenextgenerationdesigntoenhancethecompany’ssuccess-fulrangeofhighmobilityvehicles.Supacatisofferingthe4x4SPV400astheoptimumsolutiontotheUKMoD’surgentoperationalre-quirementforalightprotectedpatrolvehicle(LPPV)toreplacetheLandRoverSnatchplatform. TheSPVdesigncombinesa fully integratedprotection systemwithacuttingedgeautomotivesolutiontoprovideaLPPVwithbothsupremecrosscountryperformanceandtheagilitytooperateintighturbanenvironments. Theprotectionsystemisfully integratedandcomprisesaV-shapedhulltoprovidemineblastprotectionandacom-positecrew“pod”toprovidebothblastandballisticprotection.Thesystemincludesmineblastseatsandconfigurableballisticarmortomeetspecificoperationalthreats.Theprotectionsystemhasbeende-velopedinconjunctionwithNPAerospace. “Buildingonourexperienceandintegratingdirectfeedbackfromoperationaluseof theexistingfleet, theSPVtakestheperformancelevelsoflightweightprotectedmobilityplatformsbeyondthosecur-rentlyavailableworldwide,” saidNickAmes,managingdirectorofSupacat.“Theoperator’sneedsandtheintegrationofmodernbattle-fieldsystemshavebeenconsideredfromtheoutset,makingtheSPVanattractiveandupgradeablesolutionfor21stcenturyoperations.”TheSPVsurvivabilityispredicatedonfullyintegratedprotection,inwhich the threatprotectionmeasuresare integrated into thevehiclestructure toachieveanoptimizedhighprotection, lowweight solu-tion.ItusesanarmoredsteelV-shapedchassishull,manufacturedasasinglestructure,withhighgroundstandofftoprovideintegralblastprotection.Theaxleassembliesaremountedinsacrificialsubframes,foreandaftofthehull,designedtoblowoffintheeventofawheelmineblast.Thecompositecrewpodsitsover thehull,between thewheels,andutilizesthelatestcompositeandceramicarmorsystemstomitigatetheoperationalthreatsatoptimalweight.ThecompositearmorsystemsaredesignedbyNPAerospace,buildingontheirexten-siveweightefficientcompositeexperience. TheSPVchassisdesignextendsthemobilityperformanceethosof previous Supacat vehicles and incorporates all our experience


14 October 2009

On Target

The U.S. Army is planning ondevelopingandfielding,inanincrementalapproach, a class of ground combatvehicles that will be integrated into theArmysBrigadeCombatTeams (BCT).Aclassofvehicleswillintroduce,overtime,various platforms (variants) to the BCTin an incremental acquisition approachstarting with a lead vehicle developmenteffort. US Army TACOM Life CycleManagement Command has issued asources sought notice notice that seeksto identify firms capable of designing,developingandproducingtheU.S.Armysnextgenerationofhighlysurvivable,lethalandsupportablegroundcombatvehicles. Industrysourcesarebeingsoughtwithexperienceandcorporateknowledgeinthedevelopment and integration of combatvehiclesthatareexpectedtoachievehighlychallenging interoperability, (vehicle andcrew) survivability, lethality, mobility,supportability, availability, affordabilityandtransportabilityobjectives.Inaddition,describe your firms ability to develop,integrateandproduce:

•Highlyreliable,interoperableand real timenetworkcapabilities •Software-intensivemissionand safetycriticalsystems •Non-lethalcapabilitiesforground combatvehicles •Embeddedtrainingcapabilities introducingstateoftheartintraining asanintegralpartofthecombat vehicle

The Army also wants to identifyfirmsthathaveorcandevelopandobtainthe expertise, capacity, facilities andqualifications for potentially managing,developing and producing an increasingnumberofvaryinggroundcombatvehicleplatforms.

G-NIUSUnmannedGroundSystems(UGS)Ltd.,ajointventureofElbitSystemsandIsraelAerospace Industries (IAI), announced today that it was awarded a contract for thedevelopmentofthenext-generationUGV(unmannedgroundvehicle)fortheIsraeliDefenseForces.Thedevelopmentphase,ledbytheIsraeliMinistryofDefense’sAdministrationfortheDevelopmentofWeaponsandtheTechnologicalIndustryandtheIsraeliGroundForces,istobecompletedby2011. TheNahshonUGVisbasedonthe vast experience of the G-NIUSUGV Guardium, operated by theIDFsince2008. The next-generation UGVwill offer improved autonomousmovement and operationalperformance. Additionally, thevehicle’s navigation capabilitieswill be intensified and will includevariousadvancedcontrolsolutions. The new UGV will allowincreased payload weight, in order to offer better situational awareness, autonomity andindependentdecisionmaking.Thefeaturesof thenewUGVwillenablehigheroperationalflexibilityandallowactivityinvariouscombatscenarios.Theseadvancedcapabilitieswillalsoallowthevehicletoprovidecombatsupport,alongwiththeGuardiumwhichoperatesmainlyinsecuritymissions. G-NIUSCEOErezPelednotedthatthedecisionoftheIsraeliDefenseForcestodevelopanext-generationUGVreflectsthenecessityforsuchasystemanditsmajorcontributiontosecuritymissionsinthemoderncombatarena.PeledaddedthattheIsraeliDefenseForcesisoneof themostadvancedarmiesworldwide in theunmannedsystemsfield,and trusts thatotherarmedforcesaroundtheworldwillfollowtheIDFinitsselectionofG-NIUS’unmannedsystems.

New Class of US Ground Combat Vehicles

UDV for the IDF

OerlikonContravesDeutschlandGmbHisnowRheinmetallSoldierElectronics–acenter of excellence for advanced infantrytechnology Trading under the new nameRheinmetall Soldier Electronics GmbH,theformerOerlikonContravesDeutschlandGmbHofStockach,Germany,supportstheworld’s armed forces with an extensivearray of high-tech products and services.The company, which has belonged to theRheinmetall Group since 1999, developsand manufactures special components forinfantry applications. The name changebecameeffectiveon1September2009. “Thanks to our wide range ofdeployment-oriented soldier systems, ourcompany is particularly well placed for

futuregrowth.Thenewnamecallsattentiontoourproduct portfolio, and sends a clearmessage to themarket,whichmeanswe’llbe able to do a better job of positioningourselves. We’re totally committed tosupplying infantrymen with an optimum,mission-oriented suite of equipment,”declares Wolfgang Kammerlander,managing director of Rheinmetall SoldierElectronicsGmbH. Products such as laser-based aimingsystems (LLM: laser light modules), firecontrol units for dismounted soldiers andtheDSID(dismountedsoldieridentificationdevice) exemplify the company’scommitment to improving the combateffectiveness,survivabilityandaccuracyoffireoftoday’sarmedforces.

Rheinmetall Soldier Electronics


October 2009 15

On Target On Target

Team Z, the collaborative alliance setup between military vehicle design andengineering house, Creation - and defencemanufacturer and through-life supportspecialist, Babcock, recently debuted itsnew new Zephyr armored vehicle program. The new Zephyr SRV (SpecificRequirementsVehicle)isanall-newprotectedvehicleplatformbasedonmodularprinciplesto provide high survivability, multi-roleoperational flexibility—and optimummechanical and logistics serviceability. AvariantoftheZephyrSRVisbeingputforwardaspartoftheCreation/BabcockTeamZjointbid to win the imminent UK MoD UORcontractforthedesignandbuildofanewlightprotected patrol vehicle (LPPV), to replacethe current in-service Snatch Land Rover. AZephyrSRVpackage isalsoplannedfor submission for part of the AustralianLand 121 Overlander program and theCanadian TacticalArmoured Patrol Vehicle(TAPV) requirement. The companies havea further variant prepared for the nowdelayed OUVS (Small) competition, forwhichBabcockwasdown-selectedlastyear. A central feature of the Zephyr SRVdesign is the inclusion of a compositeoccupant survival cell. SurroundingprotectionincludesaV-formbellyplateandanintegralblastmitigationsystem.Protectionis specified for minimum STANAG 4569level 2 mine protection and level 2-3 KEprotection. Fragment protection is taken tolevel 4.Zephyr SRV is also able to carry arange of roof-mounted options, includingprotectedorremoteweaponsstations(RWS). The vehicle has beendesigned tomeetworldwide deployment criteria—A1-C1operating—and A1-C2 for storage. Theunit is also specified forclimaticconditionsA2-C1 (+56C to -32C) for storage—anddowntoC2extremeat -56Cforoperations.The Zephyr SRV is configured for airtransportability within C130 and above—or underslung below CH47. Mobility isdesigned to meet and exceed IMMLC ata gross vehicle weight of 7500kg—withan effective payload capability of 2500kg,assumingstandarddesignedprotectionlevels.

The vehicle envelope is designed toaccommodatearangeofpowertrainoptions,dependentonenduserspecification.TheinitialZephyrSRVhasbeendevelopedtoincorporatearapidaccessandremoval‘cassette’mountingfor the engine—to facilitate removal andreplacement,automatictransmissionandbothcentre and final drive locking differentials.Independent height adjustable suspensionis included to adapt ground clearance, rideand handling to suit operating conditions. Throughout the program, Creation andBabcock have worked closely together toensurethatthedesignisfullyproductionisedto meet high volume requirements. Initialbuild is planned for multiple units perweek—with a fulfilment for 400 vehicleswithin twelve months. Further productionengineering will accommodate overseascustomer requirements for specified levelsof local build and content. The packageis designed also to be fully supportablein service—and in theatre if required. Thevehicleenvelopecanbeconfiguredfor awide range of operational roles, bodytypesandspecialistapplicationssuchaspick-up utility vehicle, troop carrier, commandand control, Weapons Mounted InstallationKit (WMIK), reconnaissance and battlefieldambulance. A 6x6 variant is also planned. Crew and seating layouts can bevaried from two to eight occupants, to suit

operational requirements. Space is alsoallocated for weapons fit, communicationssuites, situational awareness (SA) systemsand other electronic devices—inline withLPPV and other comparable requirements.Additional features include fullyintegrated health and usage monitoringsystems (HUMS) and the capability tosupport exportable power requirements. “The formationofTeamZhasbroughttogether the combined strengths andcapabilitiesoftwocompanieswithanuniqueand in-depth experience of the sector andits requirements. This will significantlyadd value both to the program—but alsoultimately, for the customer and end user.We are very pleased to be working withBabcock to compete for the UK MoD’sLPPV requirement and other internationalprograms. The Zephyr SRV concept isdesignedtodoexactlywhatitsays—meetthespecific requirements of the end user—andwe see the future of the Zephyr programpotentiallyasaworldmarketproduct,”saidCreation managing director, Bill Davis. BabcockEquipmentSolutionsmanagingdirector, Roger Gillespie said, “We aredelighted to be working with Creation onthenewZephyrSRVvehicle.Thisversatiledesign will provide the basis for both ourjoint LPPV bid, and also for our OUVS(Small) submission forwhichBabcockwasshort-listed last year. Close working andcollaborationwith industry partners and theMoD is key to delivering battle-winningvehicles to the front-line, on-time and cost-effectively.”

Zephyr SRV (Specific Requirements Vehicle)


16 October 2009

On Target

BAE Systems recently launched thelatest 6x6 addition to the battle-proven RGrange, the RG35 mine protected multi-pur-posefightingvehicle. RG35 combines the high levels of sur-vivabilityoftheRG31mineprotectedvehiclewithmuchofthetacticalcapabilityofamod-erncombatvehicle.Thevehicleincorporatesthe best of 30 years experience inmobility,protection and sustainability, whilemeetingcurrentchallengesandthreats.Itmeetsmod-ernwarfareprotectionrequirements,butalsoofferstacticalon-andoff-roadmobility. “RG35 offers unprecedented versatilityandwillbeequallysuitableinpeacesupportand conventional operations,” said JohanSteyn,managingdirector,BAESystemsLandSystemsSouthAfrica.“Wecontinuouslyde-velopandenhanceourvehiclestosupportourcustomers’operationalneeds.” TheversatileRG35cancarry lightandmedium turrets and direct and indirect-fireweapons.Itcanalsobeconfiguredinallthevariantsofafightingunit(ambulance,weap-oncarriers, commandposts andothers) andcan be customized in various sizes such as

the4x4and6x6,forvariousmissionstomeetcustomerneeds. RG35isa6x6mineprotectedmulti-pur-posefightingvehicle7.4metersinlength,2.5metersinwidthand2,7metersinheightwith

RG-35 Latest BAE Systems Armored Vehicle

agroundclearanceof458millimeters. TheRG35grossvehiclemassis33,000kgwithapayloadof14,870kgand15sqmvolumeun-derarmor.TheRG35hasaturningcircleof15mandseatsdriverplus15crewmembers.


October 2009 17

On Target

TheProgramExecutiveOffice-GroundCombatSystems(PEOGCS),ProgramManagementOfficeHeavyBrigadeCombatTeam(PM-HBCT)hasissuedamarketsurveytodeterminethecurrentavailabilityofacommondisplayforintegrationontoAbrams,BradleyandPaladinfamiliesofvehicles.Platformstargetedforthecommondisplayscouldeventuallyincludeadditionallegacy,in-production,andfuturegroundtacticalvehicles. USArmyvehicleprogramsarefacingproblemswithlimitationsinsize,weight,power,humanfactorsandsafetyrelatedtotheprolifera-tionofGFEelectronicssystemsbeingintegratedintovehicleplatforms.Manyelectronicsystemsrequiretheirowndisplay/monitor/controlpanel,takingsignificantsize,weightandpower(SWaP)budgetandimpactingsafeandeffectiveoperationofthevehicles. Thevisionforcommondisplaysistocreateascalablesystemthatwouldmeettheneedsofmultiplevehicleplatformstoaddressmodern-izationissues.PMHBCTisinterestedinpursuingaconsolidated,commondisplaytechnologythatcanacceptandeffectivelydisplayinputinmultipleformats/interfacesfromvehicleelectronicssystems(healthmonitoringsystems,sensorsystems,situationalawarenesssystems,com-municationsystems,weaponssystems,routers,etc.)andwhererequired,allowcontrolofthosesystemsfromthecommondisplay. Specifically,theUSArmyseekstoobtaininformationrelativetocurrentand/orfuturedisplaypanelcapabilitiesthatpromotecommonalityacrossawiderangeofapplications.Displayswillbeusedinawidevarietyofapplicationsandthecommondisplayprogramwillcreateafamilyofdisplaysthatemployopenarchitectureprinciplestoensuretotalownershipcostsareaffordableforalllevelofrequirements. Ideally, thecommondisplaywouldbeamodularandscalablesystemwithanopenarchitecturetoenablecommonalityofmajorsub-componentsbetweentheend-itemdisplaysusedindifferentfamiliesofgroundtacticalvehicles.Forexample,thesamedisplayheadassemblymodulecouldbematedtotwodifferentinput/output(I/O)modulesandinstalledintwodifferentvehicleplatformsperformingvastlydifferentfunctions.Thephysical,electrical,andfunctionalinterfacesbetweenthesemoduleswouldbeopen,non-proprietary,baseduponcommercialstandards,andeasilyimplementedbythirdparties.Anycommondisplaydesignshouldgreatlyreducedevelopmentcycletimeandcostforredeployinganend-itemdisplayforanewplatformtoincludefinalintegration. Theinitialcommondisplayfamilywillbebuiltuponthemostadvancedtechnologiesavailablewithimprovedopticalperformance(lu-minanceranges,contrastratio,viewingangles,andnightvisioncompatibility),next-generationprocessingperformance,andhigh-bandwidthvideo/datainterfaces.SignificantlyincreasedMTBFisalsoakeyrequirement.Themodularnatureofthesystemwillensuresimplifiedtechnol-ogyinsertionwhennewtechnologiesbecomeavailable.Forexample,thedisplayheadassemblycouldbereplacedwithaform,fit,andfunctionassemblybaseduponadvancedconcepttechnologyinfutureyears.Commondisplaytechnicalattributesshouldinclude: •Modularopensystemarchitecture(MOSA) •CommercialITstandards •ProcessorsconnectedviaethernetLANwithinternetprotocols. •Anopenbusinessmodelthatincludesgovernmentpurposerightstosoftware,thirdpartydevelopmenttoolkit,andUSArmy laboratorysupportwhichincludeassistingtheArmyinsettingupthedevelopment&testingenvironment. •AllLRUswillcontainbuilt-in-test/built-in-testequipmentelectronics. •TheLRUsshallself-testandtestinterfaceequipmentduringastart-uppowerapplication.Resultsshallhavetheabilitytobe usedonanequipmentstatusdisplaytoassesstheoperationalreadinessandidentifydegradedorfailedsystemconditions. •TheLRUsshallself-testandtestinterfacedequipmentonanon-interferencebasis,andwillidentifydegradedorfailedsystem conditions.

Theoverallgoalistolimitthenumberofdisplaysateachcrewmember/occupantposition.Thedesireddisplayunitsshould: •beconfigurabletopermitviewingandcontrolofanyinputsystem; •beconfigurabletoallowmonitoringmultiplesystemssimultaneously; •havedisplaysthatareidenticalandinterchangeablebetweencrewpositionsandvehicleplatforms; •bebasedonflatscreentechnology(LCD,plasma,orsimilar); •allowforconnectionthroughmultipletypesofdataconnectors,andacceptinputsfromanaloganddigitaldataandvideosignals; •havetheabilitytodisplaymulti-formatvideoinputformats,possessingdisparateresolutionformats(VGA,SVGA,XGA,SXGA, etc.); •bebasedonvaryingsoftwarelanguages; •includeananti-glareorfilteringsystemtoallowforviewingindirectsunlight,andbrightnesscontrolforviewingthrough nightvisiongoggles; •shallberuggedizedandsealedtoresistdamageordegradationwhileoperatingintypicalUSArmyenvironments(saltfog, saltspray,dirt,mud,etc.); •requireminimalpowertomitigatevehiclepowerdemand;and •haveatouchscreenorothermethodforuserstoinputdataand/orcontrolsystems/applicationsdisplayed,operableinMOPPIV andcoldweathergear.

On Target

Common Vehicle Displays


18 October 2009

On Target

TheU.S.ArmyContractingCommand,JointMunitions&LethalityContractingCenterPicatinnyArsenal,onbehalfofPMIEDDe-feat/ProtectForceislookingforinterestedsourcestoprovide,afull-width,frontmountedrollerset. Therollermustbeafull-width,(vehiclewidthatminimum),frontmountedrollersettodetonatesurfacelaidandburiedanti-tank(AT)minesandpressureactivatedIEDswhenconnectedtotheMMPV,MPCV,MRAPandanyothertacticalwheeledvehicles(TWV).Therollermustbeeffectivewhileoperatingatamin-imumof15kphonprimary,secondaryroadwaysandfairweatherloosesurfacetrailroadways. The rollers must be capable of activatingthreatsburiedflushwiththesurfaceandthreatsburied below the surface. The roller set mustbe capableofquick connect/disconnectby twosoldiers(vehicleoperatorandoneothersoldier)withnospecialtoolsorliftassets Therollerandvehicle tandemmustbeca-pableofnegotiatingsharpturnsandperformingextrememobilityoperationswhile in rollerop-erationalmode.Effectivenessrequirementsmustbe met during sharp turns and during extrememobility operations. The roller must have anemergencyreleasetodisconnecttherollerfromthevehicleinterfaceortodisconnecttherollerinterfaceandrollerfromthevehicle.Theemergencyreleasemustbeoperablefrominsidetheoperator’sstation(driver’sseat)andmustinitiateandcompletedisconnectionmaneuverwithin10secondswiththerollersraisedandsuspendedbyonlythevehicleinterface.Therollercapabilitymustnotdegradethehostvehiclemobilitybymorethan25percent.

Full-width Mine/IED Roller

EJ Metals, a Wisconsin-based manu-facturerofwildlandfire trucks, recentlyan-nouncedithasdeliveredsixAssaultForce70fire-rescue rough terrainvehicles (FRRTVs)to the USArmy. The FRRTVs will be de-ployed to Forward Operating Base Shank,Afghanistan,toprovidefireprotectionfortheincreasing population of US warfighters inthe region.Thepurchasewasmade throughcontractswithGeneralServicesAdministra-tion(GSA)FederalScheduleunderEJMet-al’scontactnumberGS-30F-0014T. “We’re so proud that our newest fire-fighting vehicle, theAssault Force 70, willbe providing fire protection to themen andwomenprotecting freedom inAfghanistan,”said Kevin Quinn, president of EJ Metals.“This FRRTV features the latest high pres-surefoamtechnologytoprovidetheultimateinfireprotectionforUSmilitaryinstallations.ItsimplyletstheUSArmydomorefirefight-ingwith lesswater and foam, at a very af-fordable price, and it provides remarkableversatility and goes nearly anywhere. Ourteammemberscouldn’tbeproudertosupport

Fire/Rescue RTV ourmilitaryforcesthisway. TheAssault Force 70 is a unique, off-roadfirefightingmodelthatprovidesthebestfirefighting capability of any rough terrainvehicleintheindustry.Itfeaturesa70-gallonwater tank, a 5-gallonClassA foam cell, ahigh-pressure fire pump and a patented, tri-ple-discharge nozzle that allows firefightersto attack brush fires,wildland fires, vehiclefiresandstructuralfireswithavarietyofwa-ter/foam streams. The hydraulically driven,high-pressure system provides six gallons-per-minute(gpm)ofwater/foamdischargeat1,500psi,deliveringapproximately12min-utesofdischargetime. TheAssaultForce70hasexcellenton-pavement and off-road firefighting capabili-ties that are ideally suited to the variety ofterrains and applications found at militarybases in Afghanistan. It’s built on a four-wheel-driveKubotaRTV900,whichispow-eredbya21.6-horsepowerKubotadieselen-gine and has amaximumoff-road speed of25mph.ItistheonlyFFRTVequippedwithadiesel-engine-drivensystem.Itshighpres-sure foam system features a 1,500-psi highpressure pump, hose reel with 150 feet of

high-pressurehoseandacontrolpanelattherearofthevehicle.EJMetal’spatentedtriple-dischargewater/foamnozzleallowsfirefight-erstochangespraypatterns(straightstream,lightmixandheavymix)instantlyforchang-ingfireconditions.Additionally, thevehicleis the onlyfireRTV that has been tilt-tabletested toverify its stabilityandoffersa24-degreeside-slopecapability.Quinnsaid,“ThisFRRTVisextremelyeasytouse.It’ssosimpletooperatethatitcanbeput into action quickly and effectivelywithminimaloperatortraining,allowingtheseAs-saultForce70stobeginprovidingfireprotec-tiononbaseimmediately.”


October 2009 19

On Target

Export Import Quantity DescriptionAustria Portugal 20 Pandur II

Australia Netherlands 20 Busmaster armored vehicles

Belarus Azerbaijan 3 2S7 203mm SPG

Belgium Jordan 18 M113 Recovery APCBelgium Bahrain 3 YPR765Belgium Bahrain 42 YPR765 25mmBelgium Bahrain 5 YPR765 with MilanBelgium Chile 21 M108 CommandosBelgium Morocco 43 M109A2 SPGBelgium Uruguay 3 M113 APC

Bulgaria Belgium 1 115mm 2A20 gunBulgaria Canada 2 82mm mortarBulgaria Canada 2 120mm mortarBulgaria Chad 2 2S1 122mm howitzerBulgaria Eritrea 50 82mm mortarBulgaria Mali 15 BRDM armored vehicleBulgaria Mali 14 BTR armored vehicleBulgaria Russia 61 MTLB armored vehicleBulgaria Serbia 1 82mm mortarBulgaria USA 6 82mm mortar

Canada Netherlands 4 M101 105mm howitzers (non-functioning museum pieces)Canada Nigeria 4 Armored rescue vehiclesCanada UAE 3 armored vehiclesCanada UK 4 armored vehiclesCanada Uruguay 4 Cougars without turrets

China Rwanda 20 armored combat vehicles

Czech Republic Belgium 2 T-34 (for collector use)Czech Republic Germany 7 BVP-1 (for collector use)Czech Republic Germany 1 BTR-60 (for collector use)Czech Republic Haiti 2 OT-64 (for use with UN mission)Czech Republic Poland 2 2S1 122mm SPGCzech Republic Slovakia 6 T-72 (for offensive exercises)Czech Republic Sudan 8 OT-64 (for use with UN mission)Czech Republic Switzerland 1 T-72 (for collector use)Czech Republic Ukraine 50 OT-64 (for use with UN mission)Czech Republic Ukraine 50 BVP-1Czech Republic UK 1 T-55 (for collector use)Czech Republic UK 1 T-72 (for collector use)Czech Republic USA 5 BM-21 122mm MLRSCzech Republic USA 5 D-30 122mm howitzer

Conventional Arms TransfersThe following charts list the reported conventional arms transfers for ground combat systems as reported to the United Nations for the 2008 calendar year.


20 October 2009

Export Import Quantity DescriptionEstonia Afghanistan 2 SISU XA-180 armored vehicles (for use in Afghanistan)Estonia Germany 5 Alvis Mamba 4 (for use in Afghanistan)

Finland Lithuania 7 SISU 8x8 trucksFinland Slovenia 9 Armored modular 8x8 vehiclesFinland UAE 2 AMV 8x8 armored vehicles

France Chad 25 VAB armored vehiclesFrance UAE 1 Leclerc engineer vehicle

Germany Chile 170 Marder armored vehiclesGermany Czech Republic 21 Dingo 2A2 armored vehicleGermany France 10 110mm LARGermany Greece 16 Leopard 2Germany Hungary 5 Daimler armored vehiclesGermany Netherlands 11 Pzh-2000 SPGGermany Czech Republic 21 Dingo 2A2 armored vehicleGermany Romania 3 Recovery vehiclesGermany Romania 6 Gepard Antiaircraft SPGsGermany Singapore 26 Leopard 2A4Germany Turkey 108 Leopard 2A4

Hungary Czech Republic 1 Skoda LT 35 tank (for museum purposes)Hungary Czech Republic 170 BVP-1 armored vehicles (Hungary only reported 63)Hungary Czech Republic 237 VPVsHungary Czech Republic 2 2S1 122mm SPGsHungary Czech Republic 3 85mm 39M anti aircraft guns (for spares purposes)Hungary Czech Republic 31 BM-21sHungary Czech Republic 40 122mm 38/74 howitzersHungary Czech Republic 106 152mm D-20 howitzersHungary Czech Republic 16 100mm MT-12 cannonsHungary Czech Republic 10 76mm 42M guns (for spares purposes)Hungary Czech Republic 18 100mm MT-12 anti-tank guns (for spares purposes)Hungary Czech Republic 90 85mm D-44 guns (for spares purposes)Hungary Czech Republic 35 57mm S-60 anti aircraft guns (for spares purposes)Hungary Czech Republic 59 152mm 38 caliber howitzersHungary Czech Republic 10 152mm D2S3M howitzersHungary Czech Republic 71 152mm D-20 howitzers (Hungary reported 175)Hungary Russia 9 armored combat vehiclesHungary Slovakia 7 BMP-1 APCs (for spares purposes)Hungary Ukraine 53 2S1 122mm SPG (for spares purposes)

Israel Austria 2 120mm Soltam mortarIsrael Bulgaria 2 Sandcat

Italy Czech Republic 19 Iveco M65E armored vehicle (for use with UN mission)Italy Norway 42 Iveco LMV Italy Spain 120 VATT Lince armored vehiclesItaly UK 220 Panthers

Netherlands Canada 100 Leopard 2 main battle tanksNetherlands Chile 18 YPR-765Netherlands Portugal 9 Leopard 2 main battle tanks Portugal reported only 8)

Norway Afghanistan 100 81mm mortars (exported in 2009)Norway Sweden 1 CV-903N on loan


October 2009 21

Export Import Quantity DescriptionPoland Finland 1 T-55 main battle tank (for collector purposes)Poland Iraq 44 Dzik armored vehiclesPoland Malaysia 21 T-91M main battle tankPoland UAE 5 RosomakAPC(formodificationinFinlandbeforeUAE delivery)

Pakistan Belgium 1 106mm gun

Romania Israel 1 Grad LAR MLRS system

Russia Algeria 53 main battle tanksRussia Algeria 5 armored combat vehiclesRussia Azerbaijan 20 armored combat vehiclesRussia India 19 T-90S main battle tanksRussia India 5 T-90SK main battle tanksRussia India 18 9A52-2T MLRS SmerchRussia India 6 9T234-2T transport loading vehicleRussia Kazahkstan 2 BTR-80A APCRussia Kazahkstan 1 BTR-80Russia Kazahkstan 18 Kamaz-43269

Slovakia Central African Republic 2 OT-90Slovakia Central Africa Republic 1 BRDMSlovakia Czech Republic 50 OT-90 armored transporter without weaponsSlovakia Czech Republic 1 Tank service car TPDA-RSlovakia Czech Republic 14 82mm BzK vz.59 gunSlovakia Czech Republic 1 UAZ S28Slovakia Czech Republic 1 Mobile tank garageSlovakia Malaysia 9 125mm 2A46 cannonSlovakia Switzerland 29 122mm RM-70 MLRSSlovakia Switzerland 1 2S1 Gvozhika SPGSlovakia USA 6 T-72M

South Africa Slovakia 1 RG-32M

Spain Chile 15 Scorpion armored vehiclesSpain Romania 20 VAMTAC armored vehiclesSpain Singapore 2 120mm mortars

Sweden Afghanistan 100 81 mm mortars (of UK origin)Sweden Denmark 30 CV90 combat vehiclesSweden Germany 30 BV 206SSweden Italy 35 BV-206S (34 reported by Sweden)Sweden Netherlands 42 CV-9035 (35mm) armored vehicles (46 reported by Sweden)Sweden Nigeria 1 CV-9035 manufacturer demoSweden UK 9 BvS10 all terrain vehiclesSweden UK 41 Vikings

Switzerland Brazil 3 Piranha IIIC (Switzerland reported 2)Switzerland Belgium 24 Piranha III (Switzerland reported 9)Switzerland Denmark 50 Eagle IVSwitzerland Denmark 15 Piranha IICSwitzerland Germany 5 Eagle IVSwitzerland Germany 1 Kodiak engineer vehicleSwitzerland Ireland 95 120mm Ruag mortarSwitzerland Romania 17 Piranha IIC APC


22 October 2009

Export Import Quantity DescriptionTurkey Bahrain 15 Wheeled armored vehiclesTurkey Bangladesh 17 Otokar 4x4wheeled recon vehicles (Turkey reported 10)Turkey Nigeria 149 Wheeled armored vehiclesTurkey Slovenia 10 RKB light recce vehiclesTurkey UAE 740 122mm extended range artillery rocket (TRK-122)Turkey UAE 740 122mm extended range artillery rocket (TRB-122)

UK Saudi Arabia 162 Tactical vehicles, including 14 ambulancesUK Spain 2 105mm howitzers

Ukraine Azerbaijan 32 BTR-70Ukraine Azerbaijan 18 2S1 SPGUkraine Azerbaijan 10 9P58M Strela-3Ukraine Azerbaijan 3 Tochka-U 9P129-1M launchers/missileUkraine Chad 80 BMP-1Ukraine Chad 8 BTR-3EUkraine Georgia 1 T-72Ukraine Georgia 15 BMP-1Ukraine Georgia 25 BTR-70Ukraine Iraq 4 BREMUkraine Israel 1 BM-21Ukraine Kenya 33 T-72Ukraine Kenya 6 BM-21Ukraine Latvia 1 ISU-152 122mm howitzer (for museum)Ukraine USA 1 BMP-3Ukraine USA 120 9M313 Igla-1Ukraine USA 9 9P519 Igla-1Ukraine USA 25 9P58 Strela2M

USA Afghanistan 4 81mm M252 mortarsUSA Bulgaria M1151AUSA Canada 2 M777 155mm lightweight howitzersUSA Colombia 15 81mm M252 mortarsUSA Czech Republic 1 Skoda LT 35 tank (for museum purposes)USA Egypt 55 M1A1USA Egypt 14 M109A5 155mm SPGUSA Iraq 2 M113A2USA Israel 14 M1064A3 mortar carriersUSA Pakistan 67 M109A5 SPGsUSA Portugal 17 HMMWVs (M1151A1, M 1152A1, and M1165A)USA UK 240 Hellfires


October 2009 23

Thebusinessof theAustralianDefenceMaterielOrganisation(DMO)istoequipandsustaintheAustralianDefenceForce(ADF).TheDMOmakesamajorcontributiontoboththepreparednessoftoday’sADFandthede-velopmentofthefutureforce. The DMO is currently managing over210majoracquisitionprojectsandmorethan150minorprojects.Italsoprovidessustain-ment management services for over 100fleets of military equipment. Tomeet thesedemands,theDMOhasmanyofitsownstaff,together with contracted industry suppliers,locatednearorwiththeoperatingADFunits.DMOpersonnelarecurrentlylocatedinover40locationsacrossAustraliaandoverseasin-cluding theUnitedStates,UnitedKingdom,France,SpainandNewZealand. The DMO and Australian defense in-dustryhaveasignificantandongoingroletoplayindeliveringnewequipmentontime,onbudgetandtospecificationunderlinedbyca-pabilityeffect,qualityandsafety.In2009-10,theDMOisbudgeted to spend inexcessof$11.85b,ofwhichanestimated57percentisexpectedtobespentinAustralia. Thisreviewlooksatthemajorlandac-quisition programs as well as the primaryland-orientedsustainmentprograms.

Upgrade of M113 Armored VehiclesLAND 106 Prime Contractor: BAE Systems AustraliaDefence

The project is upgrading the Army’sM113A1vehiclestoimproveprotection,le-thality,mobilityandhabitability.Theupgradereplacesmost of the vehicle, retaining onlythehull,hatches,reardoorandcommunica-tionssystems.Inadditiontothe350vehiclesfor the initial requirement, 81 vehicles arebeing purchased to support theArmy’s En-hancedLandForce. The construction of armored person-nel carrier, fitters and recovery variants iscontinuing and design development of thelogistics, command, ambulance and mortarvariantsisprogressingwellandwillcontinuethroughtolate2009orearly2010.Thefinalcontracteddeliverydateforall431vehiclesisnowOctober2011. The major design development riskshavebeenretiredduetotheinitialtestingofthefirst threevehiclevariants using adrivesystem that is common across all variants.Thelogisticvariantencompassesanewhulldesignandwasassessedasthemosttechni-cally challenging of the remaining variants.Acomprehensivedevelopment testprogram

hasbeencompletedbythecontractor. Thecontractorremainscommittedtothedeliveryofthe431vehiclesascontractedbyOctober 2011; however, Defence assessedthis as a high risk as the required ramp-upofproductionrelieson thecontractorestab-lishing its new facilities at Williamstown,Victoria,andWakefield,SouthAustralia,andupgradingservicesintheBandianafacilities,Victoria,insufficienttimetosupporttheve-hicleassemblylinerequirements.

Bushmaster Protected Mobility VehicleProject BushrangerLAND 116 Phase 3 PrimeContractor:ThalesAustralia

Theprojectisacquiring737vehiclesinsevenvariants(troop,command,mortar,as-saultpioneer,directfireweapon,ambulanceand air defense). The vehicles will provideprotectedlandmobilitytoArmycombatunitsandAir ForceAirfieldDefenceGuards.All300troop,command,assaultpioneer,mortar,direct fire weapon and ambulance variantsunder the original acquisition contract havebeendelivered.Deliveryofthe144EnhancedLandForcevehiclescommencedinNovem-ber2007andwas completed inApril 2009.Deliveryofthe293Bushmastervehiclesfor

Australian Defense Land Force Program 2009/10


24 October 2009

Land 121 Overlander Phase 3 commencedinApril2009andwillbecompletedbyJune2012.Arequestfortenderfortheprovisionofupto184protectedmobilityvehiclecompat-ibletrailerstomeetanelementofLand121Overlander Phase 3 was released to ThalesinDecember2008withaclosingdateof22May2009. InJune2007,thegovernmentapprovedtherapidacquisitionofanadditional72pro-tected weapon stations, 116 automatic firesuppression systems and 116 purpose de-signed spall curtains to further enhance theprotection level of those vehicles currentlydeployed on operations and the pre-deploy-menttrainingfleet.Allprotectedweaponsta-tionshavebeendeliveredandfitted. All automatic fire suppression systemshavebeendeliveredandfitmentcommencedtodeployedvehicles inFebruary2009.Thepurpose-designed spall curtains commenced

deliveryinDecember2008andfitmentcom-menced to deployed vehicles in February2009andisexpectedtotakesixmonths. Keyriskstotheprojectare:

• the configurationof thebaselineof theprotectedmobility vehiclemaybe affect-ed by the backlog of engineering changeproposals due to the extended productionschedule. The project office is managingthisthroughliaisonandcustomerfeedbackwithThales.• thedeliveryscheduleof the trailermaybe affected by the requirement to makedesignchangestothevehicletoallowin-teroperabilitywiththetrailer.Thiswillbemanagedthroughtheconductofinteroper-abilitytestsonsimilartrailersandmodel-lingtoevaluatetheimpact.• the operational tempo may affect theavailability of vehicles and delay the fit-

mentoftheautomaticfiresuppressionsys-temsandspallcurtains.

Overlander Field VehiclesLAND 121 Phase 3 PrimeContractors:Light/LightweightCapability:MercedesBenzAustraliaPacificTrailerCapability:HaulmarkTrailersAustraliaMedium/heavycapability:yettobeselectedAdditionalBushmastervehicles:ThalesAustralia.

Theprojectisamulti-billiondollarproj-ecttoprovidetheADFwithreplacementfieldvehicles, modules and trailers. The projectcomprises:

• Light/lightweightcapability - supplyofvehicleswithlimitedprotectioncapability.AcontractwassignedwithMercedesBenzAustralia Pacific inOctober 2008 for thesupply of G-Wagons. The modules sub-contractor is G.H. Varley of Newcastle.Firstdeliveriesareduein2011• TrailerCapability–currentlyinnegotia-tionswithHaulmarkTrailersAustralia• Medium/heavy capability – in August2008 the Commonwealth ceased negotia-tionswiththepreferredtenderforthisseg-mentduetoincreasedriskswiththeofferandtheneedtoincreasevehicleprotectionlevels. The Commonwealth is refreshingthefourremainingtenders(MercedesBenzAustralia Pacific, MAN Nutzfahrzeuge,BAE Systems and Thales). Comparativeevaluation testingwill lead toadown-se-lectionofpreferablytwotenderersforthefinal offer definition and refinement pro-cess. Contract signature is due mid-2011andfirstdeliveryisduein2013.• Additional Bushmaster Vehicles – 293Bushmasters are to be purchased fromThalesAustraliaunderLAND116.

Keyprojectrisksareasfollows:

• thereisachancethattherequirementtointegratenewgenerationcommunica-tionsequipmentintothelight/lightweightvehiclesandmodulespriortocapabilitydeliverymayimpactoncostandschedule• thereisachancethatthemedium/heavycapabilitybasisofprovisioningwillbeaffectedbyindustrypricessubstantiallysurpassingtheestimatedprojectcosting.

Other Acquisition Projects Not Included in the Top 30—Current Status Australian Light Armored VehiclesLand 112, Phase 3Total Authorized Funding: $692 millionFunds Spent to June 30, 2009: $590 millionBudget Estimate 2009/2010: $6 million

General Service Field Vehicles - OutlanderLand 121, Phase 32Total Authorized Funding: $93 millionFunds Spent to June 30, 2009: $63 millionBudget Estimate 2009/2010: $4 million

• Bulk Liquid Tankers - project has been completed and closed• Heavy Recovery Vehicle - project has been completed and closed• Land Rover Handling Upgrade - project has been completed and closed• Mack In-Cabin Noise Reduction - in contract, due for completion in October 2010• Unimog & Mack Gun Tractors Passenger/Cargo Restraint & Separation - all modules deliv-ered, project due for completion by the end of 2009.• Land Rover Safety Improvements - modification of the regional force surveillance and the fitted for radio variants with a personnel/cargo restraint, segregation and rollover system. • The regional force surveillance component is due for completion in 2010. The fitted for radio component has been removed from the project scope due to inability to find a value for money technical solution.

Tank Replacement ProgramLand 907, Phase 1Total Authorized Funding: $579 millionFunds Spent to June 30, 2009: $430 millionBudget Estimate 2009/2010: $15 million

The project is on schedule and within budget. All major capability platforms have been delivered and are in service. Current focus is to establish a through-life support contract, Leopard tank disposal and the acquisition of tank urban survivability kits.


October 2009 25

SUSTAINMENT

Thesustainmentoflandsystemsisman-agedby10SystemsProgramOfficeswithinLand SystemsDivision. Land Systems sus-tainmentactivitysupportsadiverserangeofmateriel,includingarmoredandnon-armoredvehiclefleets,artilleryandweaponsystems,engineerplant,materielhandlingequipment,soldier protection and uniforms, bulk liquiddistribution, medical and dental stores, sur-veillance and simulation systems, and con-sumablestoressuchascombatrations.Dur-ing2009-10theseproductswillbemanagedacross31separateMSAs. Sustainment support to operations re-mains thehighestpriorityforLandSystemsDivisionduring2009-10.TheDivisionpro-videssupporttoforcesdeployedoutsideAus-tralia,includingtheMiddleEast,EastTimorandSolomonIslands.LandSystemsDivisioncontinues to refurbish equipment return-ingfromoverseasdeploymentstoensureitsavailabilityforfutureoperations. Other significant sustainment activitiesinclude:

• continueddownsizingofthecommer-cialvehiclefleetfromsixtofourcylindervehicles(thetargetis50percentoftheacquisitionfor2009-10)• increasedengagementwithoriginalequipmentmanufacturersforthrough-lifesupport• continuedrefinementofMSAswiththeservicestoincreaseaccountabilitywithafocusonoperationalavailability.

UndertheSmartMaintenanceinitiative,allmajorproductsmanagedbyLandSystemsDivisionwillbecarefullyscrutinizedtoiden-tify possible efficiencies over the next fiveyears.Savingsfreedupwillbeavailableforreinvestmentincurrentandfuturecapability.Challengesfor2009-10willincludesustain-ment revitalization through improvementto inventory andmaintenancemanagement.Sustainment revitalizationwill focus on ra-tionalizing and balancing inventory whilemaintaining high operational availability ofcritical equipment and improving land ma-terielmaintenance systems.These activitieswill contribute togreaterefficiencyand im-provetheeffectivenessoflandequipment. Rapid acquisition projects are a sig-nificant component of the Land SystemsDivisionworkload in support ofoperations.Projects are initiated at short notice to sat-isfy immediate operational requirementsof deployed or deploying theADF element

groups. Projects range in complexity fromriflesandotherweapons,materielforSpecialForces, through to all-terrain vehicles andmajorupgrades to thedeployedBushmasterVehicle. In2008-09LandSystemsDivisioncompleted five approved rapid acquisitionprojectsatatotalcostof$60.355m.TheDi-visionalsocompleted11operationallyurgentacquisitions at a total cost of $16.015m. In2009-10 Land Systems Division will prog-ressanadditional40rapidandoperationallyurgentacquisitionswithanapprovedbudgetofapproximately$46.466m.Themajorityofthesewillbedelivered in thenext reportingperiod.

B Vehicles $134 millionB Vehicles are generally unprotected LandRovers,MercedesUnimog4-tonneandMack8-tonnetrucks,andassociatedtrailers.Thereareapproximately12,076vehiclesandtrail-ers under management.A small number ofmotorcycles,allterrainvehiclesandceremo-nialvehiclesarealsoundermanagement.Theoverallbudgetincludeslogisticshortfallsup-plementation. This budget will provide forregionalunscheduledmaintenance,centrallymanagedrepairprogramsandremediationofvehicles as they return from operational ar-eas.Themajor risks tobemitigatedare theuncertaintimingofequipmentreturningfromoperationsandtheincreasingmaintenanceli-abilityduetotheageingofthefleet.

ADF Clothing and Equipment $116 million ADF clothing includes combat, non-combatclothingandaccoutrementsforgen-eral duties and non-operational roles. TheADFClothingandPersonalEquipmentPro-curementPlanfortheperiod2009-13outlinesfor industry the activities thatwill establishstandingofferagreementsfortheacquisitionofcombatandnon-combatclothing.Inaddi-tiontotheplan,akeyinitiativein2009willbeanopentendertoestablishaprimevendorfornon-combatclothingbasedonthreeworkpackages for the provision of general dutyand ceremonial uniforms, sports wear andcommercialworkwear.Eachworkpackagewilldeliveracompleteheadtofootsolutionfortheidentifieduniformrequirements.

Commercial Vehicle Fleet $77 million Thecommercialvehiclefleetcomprisesapproximately 6,100 commercial off-the-shelf vehicles and trailers. This includes asmall number of vehicles that are locatedoverseas at RMAF Butterworth, Malaysia,andonoperations.Thefleetrangesfrompas-senger sedans through toheavy rigid trucksand touring coaches. The procurement of2,263 vehicles is planned for 2009-10. Themajor risk to be mitigated is the decliningvalues for usedvehicles,which impacts theprojectedrevenuetargetfortheplannedsaleof2,113vehicles.


26 October 2009

Joint Military LogisticsOctober4-6,2009IDGAMuscat,Omanwww.idga.org

Armoured Combat MobilityOctober12-13,2009SMiDefenceLondon,UKwww.smi-online.co.uk

ISDEFOctober12-14,2009TelAviv,Israelwww.isdef.co.il

Combat Vehicles ConferenceOctober12-14,2009NDIADearborn,MIwww.ndia.org

TACOM LCMC APBIOctober14-16,2009NDIADearborn,MIwww.ndia.org

Advanced Armour Materials SymposiumOctober14-15,2009CranfieldUniversityShrivenham,UKwww.cranfield.ac.uk/cds/symposia/aams09.jsp

Future Artillery Middle EastOctober18-20,2009IDGAAbuDhabi,UAEwww.idga.org

Soldier Modernisation Middle EastOctober18-21,2009IDGAAbuDhabi,UAEwww.idga.org

Irregular Warfare ConferenceOctober21-22,2009TechnologyTrainingCorp.SanDiego,Awww.ttcus.com

Tactical Guided Weapon System Design and IntegrationOctober22-23,2009NATOResearchandTechnologyOrganisationTallinn,Estoniawww.rta.nato.int/meetings.asp

Combatant Commanders ConferenceNovember3-4,[email protected]

Armoured Vehicles AustraliaNovember5-6,2009IDGACanberra,Australiawww.idga.org

Defence LogisticsNovember9-10,2009SMiDefenceLondon,UKwww.smi-online.co.uk

Defence Equipment MaintenanceNovember11-12,2009TheShephardGroupBerkshire,UKww.shephard.co.uk

Military EngineeringNovember16-17,2009TheShephardGroupKent,UKwww.shephard.co.uk

Soldier Equipment ExpoNovember16-18,2009IDGAFayetteville,NCwww.idga.org

Expeditionary Warfare ConferenceNovember16-19,2009NDIAPanamaCity,FLwww.ndia.org

Light Armored Vehicles & Stryker SummitNovember16-19,2009IDGAVienna,VAwww.idga.org

International Defence LogisticsNovember18-19,2009IDGACanberra,Australiawww.idga.orgArmoured Vehicles Middle EastNovember22-24,2009IDGAAbuDhabi,UAEwww.idga.org

National Symposium on AcousticsNovember26-28,2009ResearchCentreImaratHyderabad,[email protected]

Infantry WeaponsNovember30-December1,2009IDGABrussels,Belgiumwww.idga.org

Defense LogisticsDecember1-4,2009WBRArlington,VAwww.wbresearch.com

Vehicle Maintenance SummitDecember7-9,2009IDGAWashington,DCwww.idga.org

Soldier Survivability and Personal ProtectionDecember9-10,2009IDGALondon,UKww.idga.org

Soldier TechnologyJanuary19-22,2009WBRCrystalCity,VAwww.wbresearch.com

Defence Logistics Middle EastJanuary24-27,2010IDGAAbuDhabi,UAEwww.idga.org

Calendar of Events


October 2009 27

Technology Briefs

Ammunition and Munitions

Artillery

Communications, Sensors & Surveillance

Ground Vehicles

Infantry Weapons

Soldier Survivability and Gear

Unmanned Ground Systems


28 October 2009

Ammunition & Munitions

Missile Guidance MethodOBShchEVOJSKOVAJaAKADEMIJaVOORUZhENNYKhSILROSSIJSKOJFEDERATsII(OAVSRF)Countryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisconceptisofaproposedmethodcomprisesmeasuringtherangetotarget,determiningdirectionlinearspeedtheaiminglinechangesat.Distancetotargetismeasuredallowingformeasurementerrorsandtimepassedafterrangefinding.Aiminglineisshiftedtowardslowerdeparturewithlinearspeeddirectlyproportionaltolinearcrosswisespeedandinverselyproportionaltothesumordifference.Thereportedeffectisreduced,by25to30%,errorofaiminglinestabilizationand10to15%-higherefficiencyoffireinconditionsofinterferences.

Gun Small Caliber ProjectileFederal’noegosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatie“Federal’nyjnauchno-proizvodstvennyjtsentrPriborCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestocommonprojectiles.Proposedprojectileincorporatesnosefuse,splitterbodywithcavityaccommodatingexplosiveandfurnishedwithcenteringthickstrap.Thereisacrosswisegroovearrangedinthesaidstraptoreceiveleadcopperstrappressedtherein.Italsohasashankrepresentingtruncatedconenarrowingrearwardsandfurnishedwithaerodynamicchamberopenonthebottomface.Shanklengthmakeshalfthe

projectilecaliber,itsaerodynamicstepwise-shapechamberaccommodatingatracerdevice.Thicknessofstripbetweenaforesaidcenteringthickstrapcrosswisegrooveandchambersmaller-diametercavitymakes1.1to1.2ofthebodywallthickness.Notethattheangleofinclinationofpreviouslymentionedtruncatedconegeneratinglinetoprojectilelengthwiseaxismakes8to10°.Thereportedeffectishigheraccuracyofhitsandhittingprobability,alongwitheaseofmanufacture.1drawing

Remote Setting for Electronic Systems in a Projectile for Chambered Ammunition GeneralDynamicsOrdnanceAndTacticalSystems-Canada,IncCountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAfuzesettingcircuitinanartilleryortankshellhavingacasewithapress-fittedheadassemblyisprovidedwithanelectromechanicalfuze-wiringlinkthatiscompletedelectricallybymechanicalassemblyofatracer-carryingprojectileontheshellcasing,andbytherotationalattachmentofaprogrammablefuzeontotheprojectile.21drawings

Splitter-in-Beam ProjectileFederal’noegosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieFederal’nyjnauchno-proizvodstvennyjtsentrPriborCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestogunsmall-caliberprojectilesthatfeatureaxialand

circularhittingfield.Proposedprojectilecomprisesafuse,conicalfairingandbodytohouseclusterwithbeehivesarrangedinorderedlayers,constricted,frombelow,bydampingdiskand,fromabove,bydiaphragm,andexplosivecharge.Aforesaidfuseisrigidlyfixedonconicalfairing.Aforesaidclusterisfurnishedwithcentralcross-ignitionducthousingapowderbursterdevicethatcommunicateswiththefuse.Thedeviceaboveisfurnishedwiththrottledirectedtoadditionalpropellantchargelocatedunderaforesaiddampingdisk.Thereportedeffectisaprojectilehigherscatteringeffects.2drawings

Zubtsov’s Splitter-in-Beam ProjectileGOSUDARSTVENNOEOBRAZOVATEL’NOEUChREZhDENIEVYSShEGOPROFESSIONAL’NOGOOBRAZOVANIJaOBShchEVOJSKOVAJaAKADEMIJaVOORUZhENNYKhSILROSSIJSKOJFEDERATsII(OVAVSRF)Countryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestoammunitioncreatingcircularandaxialhittingfields.Proposedprojectilecomprisesthebodyaccommodatingexplosivecharge.Aforesaidbodyfrontparthousesone-ormultilayersplittersetoffinishedhittingelementsmadefromsteelandtungsten-basealloys.Shapeofthesaidelementsallowstheirdensepackinginthesaidset.Thebodyhasanosecapwithtrajectory-contact-typenosefuseandpyrotechnicaldevicetoseparatethenosecap.Finishedhittingelementsrepresentconvexpolygonsandhaveatleasttworibs,theirdihedralanglemaking40to75°.Thereportedeffectishigherpenetratingability.1drawing

Cluster ProjectileFederal’noegosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieGosudarstvennoenauchno-proizvodstvennoepredprijatieBazal’tCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestoprojectiletostructuresetc.Projectilecompriseswarhead(WH),stabilizerfinwithblade-as-folded-


October 2009 29

positionclamprepresentingacylinderwithplanesofweaknessandcontainerwithparachute(PS)system.AforementionedcomponentsarelocatedonoutersurfaceofthetubewithWHbottom,thetubebeingdividedintochamberswiththehelpofbushestohouseconsecutivelyWHbottominitiator,stabilizerfinopeningdevice(STOD),PSseparationdevice(PSSD)andcontainerunpackingdevice(CUD).Incendiarycombatelements(ICE)arearrangedingapsbetweenstabiliserfinblades.STODrepresentsseparatechargesfittedinthebush,aforesaidseparatedchargesbeinggas-dynamicallyinterconnectedandcommunicatingwithfreespacebetweenICEs.PSSDrepresentsbushfilledwithpowdercharge.Thereportedeffectishigherspecificefficiencyandreliability.3drawings

Small Caliber Artillery ProjectileFederal’noegosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieFederal’nyjnauchno-proizvodstvennyjtsentrPriborCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestoprojectilesforanti-personalautomaticgrenadelaunchers.Proposedprojectilecomprisesnosefuse,

splitterbodyfilledwithexplosiveandguideledgesmadefromthematerialofthesaidbody.Theseledgesrepresenttrapezoidal-sectioncirculargrooveswiththetrapezoidbaseslocatedatthebodycrosswisegroove.Thedepthofthesaidgrovesissubjecttotherelationshipd/d1=1.04-1.05,wheredisthecaliberdiameter,d1isthegroovediameter.Noteherethatthegrovesarespacedapartandseatatthedistancefromthegrooveedgeof0.8-1.2ofthegroovebasewidth.Thereportedeffectisanincreaserangeoffireandhigheraccuracyofhits.

Missile Folding Stabliizer FinOtkrytoeaktsionernoeobshchestvoGosudarstvennoemashinostroitel’noekonstruktorskoebjuroVympelim.I.I.ToropovaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestoammunition,particularlytoguidedmissiles,namelytofoldingstabilizerfin.Proposedfoldingstabiliserfincomprisesitsrootpartattachedtothedriveoutputshaftanditsrotarypartwithtaperedledgesandstabiliserfinopeningmechanism.Thelatterincorporatesspring-loadedpushrodfittedinthedriveoutputshaft.Aforesaidrotarypartisseatsontwosemi-axlesfittedinthestabilizerfitrootpartbothsides,perpendiculartothesaidshaft.Notethatthereisabluntcutoutmadealongthedriveoutputshaftlengthwiseaxis,inpreviouslymentionedrotarypart.Pushrodisforcedbyspringstomoveoutwardsandalongthedriveshaftaxis.Thepushrodouterendfacefeaturesataperedslotorientedalongthemissilelengthwiseaxis.Aplatetointeractwiththesaidrotarypartisfittedrightacrossthepushrodfacetaperedslot.Thereportedeffectishigherstiffnessofstabilizerfin,reducedas-foldeddimensions.2drawings

Container to Store and Carry AmmunitionOtkrytoeaktsionernoeobshchestvo“KorporatsijaTakticheskoeraketnoevooruzhenieCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestostorageandtransportationofammunition.Proposedcontainerrepresentsahollowcasingmadefrompolymercompositematerialwithinnercavity,elementsofstackingandloading/unloadingelements.Aforesaidcasingrepresentsamonocoqueconsistingofatleastonelowerpartandatleastoneupperpartjointedtogether.Everyaforesaidparthasatleastonestiffeningelement.Thesestiffeningelementsarearrangedoneabovetheothertoformonecasingload-bearingbelt.Upperpartstiffeningelementrepresentsasupportforammunition,whileupperpartstiffeningelementrepresentscrosswiseframe.Lockingelementisattachedtomonocoquelowerparttopreventlengthwise-crosswisedisplacementofammunition,thesaidelementrepresentingaclampmadefromsteelstripsjointedtogether.Stackingelementsarelocatedinstiffeningbeltszoneandrepresentledgesonlowerstiffeningelements,whileupperstiffeningelementsarefurnishedwithrecessesarrangedalignedwithledges.Thereportedeffectisastrongandcheapreturnablecontainer.3drawings

Shaped ChargeObshchestvosogranichennojotvetstvennost’juKumuljativnyezarjadyZonenkoCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisconceptisforaproposedshapedchargecomprisescasingrepresentinganunclosedenclosuretohouseexplosivewithshapedrecessarrangedintheopenpartofcasing,initiatorfittedinthecasingclosedpartandliningadjoiningaforesaidshapedrecess,thatfeaturethesurfacewithirregularitiesformedbyshapeandthicknessvariations.Innersurfaceofthecasinghaslayeredliningthatserveto


30 October 2009

separate,partially,orcompletely,explosiveandchargecasing.Aforesaidlayeredliningrepresentsasolidbodyabuttingonaforesaidshapedrecessandformedbytwosurfaceswiththicknesssmallerthanitsothersizes.Noteherethat,generally,theliningthicknessvaries.Thereportedeffectishigherpenetrativeabilityandeaseofmanufacture.

Fixed Deployed Net for Hit-to-Kill Vehicle Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAwarheadincludingahit-to-killvehicleandahubaboutthehit-to-killvehicleincluding,packagedtherein,anet,thrustersfordeploy-ingthenet,andapluralityofrodsheldinaspacedrelationshipbythenetfordestroy-ingatargetwhenthenetisdeployedinthevicinityofthetargetincasethehit-to-killvehiclemissesthetarget.7drawings

Steerable Projectile with a Rotatable Nose Cone Having a Flat Formation Extending Off-Axis From the Tip of the Nose ThalesHoldingsUKCountryoforigin:UKLanguage:EnglishAsteerablebulletcomprisesacylindricalbodyportionandanoseportion.Thebodyandnosearesubstantiallycoaxiallyarrangedandrotatablerelativetooneanotherabout

theirco-axis.Thenosefurthercomprisesanasymmetricformationoperabletoenablethebulletobesubjectedtooff-axisdragduringflight.Thenosemaybeellipsoidalinprofile,withaflatformationextendingoff-axisfromthetipofthenose.Inuse,thebullet,onexpulsionfromagunbarrel,willrotateaboutitselongateaxis.Thenosemaycoun-terrotaterelativetothebodyduringflightbymeansofDCmotor.Thenosemaythusberenderedstationarywithrespecttothegroundsuchthattheasymmetricformationcanimpartasteeringforceontothebullet.Rotationofthenosemaybecontrolledbycontrolelectronicswhichmayactoninfor-mationreceivedfromanopticaldetectionsystemandalaserguidancemeans.7drawings

Guided MissileDiehlBGTDefenceGMBH&CoCountryoforigin:GermanyLanguage:GermanEswirdeinLenkflugkörpermiteinerSensoreinheit,miteinerAntriebseinheitundmiteinerNutzlasteinheitangegeben,wobeieinedieAussenkonturbildende,sichentlangeinerLängsrichtungerstreckendeFlugkörperhülleumfasstist,diezurAuf-nahmederSensoreinheit,derAntriebseinheitundderNutzlasteinheitausgebildetist,undwobeiwenigstenszweiderEinheiteninLängsrichtungnebeneinanderanbringbarsind.DerLenkflugkörperzeichnetsichgegenüberherkömmlichenLenkflugkörperndurcheineerhöhteModularitätundsomitdurcheineerhöhteFlexibilitäthinsichtlichverschiedenerEinsatz-Szenarienaus.4drawings

Anti-radar ShellVarenykhNikolajMikhajlovich,Emel’janovValerijNilovich,VagonovSergejNiko-laevich,BryksinSergejViktorovichCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestoammunitionde-signedtoensureanti-radarprotection.Pro-posedshellcomprisescasingwithreceiveraccommodatingcartridgewithelectricigniterscrewedtherein.Rightabovethesaidcartridgeapistonisarrangedrepre-sentingacupwithbursterchargeplacedonitsbottom.Stackofdiskswithdenselypackeddipolereflectorsandcoveredwithsealingcaprestsuponaforesaidpiston.Bursterchargeisarrangedinsidedampingannularshutterandrestsuponcrosswisecrosspiecethatfeaturescentralfire-transferhole.Aforesaidelectricigniterisscrewedinplace,insidethecartridge,viasealerinterlayertoallownormalelectriccontact.Noteherethatsealerinterlayerheightfromtheshellendfacemakes1/3to1/2ofcartridgeheight.Thereportedeffectishigherreliabilityofshell.2drawings

IR Radiation Pyro CartridgeVarenykhNikolajMikhajlovich,Emel’janovValerijNilovich,VagonovSergejNiko-laevich,BryksinSergejViktorovichCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThereportedeffectofthisinventionrelatestoammunitiondesignedtomakefalsetargetsthatsimulatehigh-temperatureobjects.Proposedcartridgecomprisescylindricalgrainwithlengthwisegroovesarrangedalongthegraingeneratingline.Aforesaidgrainisarrangedwithra-dialclearanceinsidecylindricalcasingtorest,viaannularshutter,uponhollowperforatedbottomchamberrepresenting


October 2009 31

areceiver.Noteherethatthecasingbot-tomhascentralseatcageaccommodatingthreadedelectricigniter.Notealsothatthecoverisfitted,viasealer,ontograintopendfaceforthecasingopenendfacetobespinnedtherein.Aforesaidelectricigniterisscrewedinplace,insidethecartridge,viasealerinterlayertoallownormalelectriccontact.Noteherethatsealerinterlayerheightfromtheshellendfacemakes1/3to1/2ofcartridgeheight.Thereportedeffectishigherreliabilityofshell.2drawings

Controlled MineGosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieKonstruktorskoebjuropriborostroenijaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestocontrolledartil-leryshellsandmines.Proposedminecom-

priseselectricallyconnectedsectionsandexplosivechargearrangedtherebetween.Flatcurrentconductingcableisarrangedinsidetheminecasing,allalongthechargelength,andcoveredwithinsulatingcoverplategluedtothecasing.Explosivechargecasingisfilledwithcastexplosive.Cupwithdetonatorisarrangedinsidetheminecasing,rightontheexplosivechargefrontbottom.Casingrearbottomisdetach-able,localsemi-ovalundercutsaremadeatthepointsofjointstohouseinsulatingbushesfurnishedwithlengthwiseinnerslotstoaccommodatecurrentconductingcable.Notethatthebushmountedatthefrontbot-tomisdetachableandfurnishedwithcableclamp.Thereportedeffectishigherefficiencyofcontrolledmine.5drawings

Method to Control Missile Start and Missile ComplexGosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieKonstruktorskoebjuropriborostroenijaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestoweapons,particu-larlytowire-guidedmissilesystemsandcanbeusedindevelopmentofmissilecomplexes.Dispensablecommunicationlineisusedtoconnectstartingcircuitsofeveryonboardhardwareunittogroundpowersource.Notethatcurrentinstartingcircuitsislimited,thesaidcircuitsbeingswitchedincompliancewithrequiredse-quenceofoperation.Controlledswitchingunitisaddedintogroundcontrolsystemofmissilecomplex,whileseverallimitingandswitchingelementsareintroducedintomissilecircuitry.Notethataforesaiddispensablewirelinefeatureswirelengthsuitableforoperationofeverystartingcircuitandeliminatingclosingofaforesaiddispensablewires.Thereportedeffectisreducedstarttimeinterval,higherprobabilityoftargethitting.1drawing

Method to Realize Missile ConnectionGosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieKonstruktorskoebjuropriborostroenijaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestomissiles,par-ticularlytoguidedmissileconnections.Proposedmethodcomprisesconnectingseparatemissilemodulesmechanicallyand

bywiring.Missilemoduleswiringisef-fectedwiththehelpofintegrateddetachablecablebundlesmadefromtape-typewiresandassemblyp.c.b.solderedthereto.Oneofthesaidprinted-circuitboardsaccommo-datesmissileelectronichardware,theotheronessupportmissileradioelectronicstart-ingcircuitsandmale-femaleconnectors.Matingpartsofdetachableconnectorsarefittedonappropriatemissileunits,whileintegrateddetachablebundleisfixedonandalongmissileoutersurfaceafterconnectingdetachableconnectorstogether,aforesaidbundlebeingprotectedbyaprotectivecoverplate.Integrateddetachablebundlecan,partiallyorcompletely,representparallelisolatedconductors.Oneorseveralprintedcircuitboardscanhaveadditionalboardswithelectroradiohardwarecomponents.Thereportedeffectishigherreliability.3drawings

Grenade Launcher ShotGosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieKonstruktorskoebjuropriborostroenijaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestoclosecombatarms.Proposedshotcomprisesplasticcartridgewithcylindricalboreatitsbottomaccommodatinghigh-pressurehigh-strengthchamberthathousesthegrenade.Grenadehasitscasinggluedtoplasticcartridgeandfeaturesacylindricalledgepartiallyenteredintohigh-pressurechamber.Metalringisfittedintoaforesaidcylindricalborebetweenchambercasingoutersurfaceandcartridgebottominnersurface.Aforesaidmetalringisscrewedtocartridgebottomandjointedtohigh-pressurechamberandcylindricalledgeofgrenadecasing.Thereportedeffectishigheraccuracyofhitsandreliability.2drawings


32 October 2009

Device to Spin Missile Along RollRossijskajaFederatsija,otimenikotorojvystupaetFederal’noeangentstvopoatom-nojehnergii,Federal’noegosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieRossijskijfederal’nyjjadernyjtsentr-Vserossijskijnauchno-issledovatel’skijinstitutehksperimental’nojfiziki”–FGUPRFJaTs-VNIIEhFCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestomissileryandcanbeusedtostabilizemissiletrajectorybyspinningitaboutlengthwiseaxisandwiththehelpofaerodynamicfins.Missilespinningdevicecompriseshousingspigotinteractingwithappropriatehelicalgrooveontubularguideinnersurface.Proposeddevicecomprisesalsoarodarrangedinthetubularguidetointeractwithitsinnersurface.Aforesaidrodisalignedwiththemissileandfixedonitsrearendfacewiththehelpofexplosivelinkfurnishedwithcontroldevice.Aforesaidexplosivelinkcanrepresentanexplosivebolt.Thereportedeffectissimplifiedmissiledesign,lowerweightsmallercrosswisesizesoffins.4drawings

Guided Missile System LauncherGosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieKonstruktorskoebjuropriborostroenijaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestoweapons,par-ticularlytoshort-rangemissilesystems.Proposedlaunchercompriseslaunchingbracketattachedtoturretandcontainerarrangedontheguide.Aforesaidlaunchingbracketaccommodatesthedrivelinkedwith

theguide.Launchingcontainerrepresentstriangularpostswithannularlugsandisfurnishedwithpowdergasdeflectormadeintheformofbentsheet.Guiderotationalaxisislocatedbehindthecontainerrearendfaceandrepresentsahollowcylinder.Cylinderbottomaccommodatespositionpickupbuiltinoneofthelaunchingcon-tainerlugs.Thereportedeffectishigherdrivetorqueandaccuracyofguidance.3drawings

AmmunitionKoreaNuclearEngineeringCountryoforigin:SouthKoreaLanguage:KoreanThepresentinventionrelatestoammunitioninwhichthemovementspeedandtherangethereofareincreasedandtheaccuracyratethereofisimproved.Toaccomplishtheobjectofthepresentinvention,providedisammunitionincludingacartridgehavingachargechamberwithanopening;achargechargedinthechargechamberofthecartridge;adetonatorarrangedinthecartridgetocausetheexplosionofthechargewhenphysicalorelectricalimpactisapplied;abulletarrangedintheopeningofthecartridgeinsuchamannerthatthebulletcanbefired,andhasastreamlinedtailforminimizingairresistanceduringfiring;andawadforsealingtheopeningofthechargechamberwhereinthewad

supportsthebulletsuchthatthebulletisseparable.Thewadenablesthebullettobefiredandbeseparatedfromtheammunitionsimultaneouslyupontheexplosionofthecharge.7drawings


October 2009 33

Artillery Emerging Defense Technologies

Firing Member for Firing a ShellPatriaLand&ArmamentOYCountryoforigin:FinlandLanguage:EnglishAfiringmemberforfiringaprimerofabasicchargeofashell.Thefiringmembercomprisesanelectricity-producingelementarrangedtogenerateanelectricalimpulsebytheactionofaforcedirectedtheretoforfiringtheprimerofthebasicchargeoftheshell.Inaddition,asupportpieceforsup-portingashellintothebarrelofabreech-loadingweapon,andamethodoffiringaprimerofabasicchargeofashellbymeansofafiringmember3drawings

Support Member and Method for LaunchingPatriaLand&ArmamentOYCountryoforigin:FinlandLanguage:EnglishThepresentinventionrelatestoasupportmemberforlaunchingammunitionfromabarrelofabreech-loadingweapon.Thesup-portmembercompriseslaunchingmeansforlaunchinganelectricdetonatorofachargeoftheammunition.Thesupportmemberis

characterizedinthatthelaunchingmeanscompriseacapacitor,acontrolunitprovidedwithcomparisonmeansformonitoringastate/chargelevelofthecapacitor,andswitchmeansforconveyingchargechargedinthecapacitortotheelectricdetonatorofthechargeoftheammunition.Theinven-tionfurtherrelatestoamethodoflaunchingammunitionabarrelofabreech-loadingweapon.11drawings

Arrangement for Supporting Shell Into Weapon Barrel, Support Element and MethodPatriaLand&ArmamentOYCountryoforigin:FinlandLanguage:EnglishThepresentinventionrelatestoanarrange-mentforsupportingashellintothebarrelofabreech-loadingweapon.Thearrangementcomprisesashell(1)andasupportelement(8)tobefastenedtoashelltail,thesupportelementcom-prisingfiringmeans(9)forfir-ingtheactualprimer(5)oftheshell.Thear-rangementischaracterizedinthatthefiringmeans(9)ofthesupportelementcompriseapowersource(90),whichisarrangedtopro-duceelectriccurrentfortheelectricprimeroftheshellasaresultofastimulusappliedtoitsstructure.Inaddition,theinventionrelatestoasupportelementandamethodforsup-portingashellintothebarrelofabreech-loadingweapon.9drawings

Towable Field Gun Interchangable Between Travelling Mode and a Firing ModeBAESystemsCountryoforigin:UKLanguage:FrenchAfieldguncomprisesabarrel,anaimingmeans,anextendablefrontlegcarryingawheelwithsuspensionmechanism,andahingedbackleg.Inthefiringmode,thesus-

pensionislockedwitharestrainingmeansandthebacklegismovedintocontactwiththegroundviahinge;inthetravellingmode,thesuspensionisenabledbydisengagingtherestrainingmeansandthebacklegisliftedoffthegroundbyswingingitabouthinge.Inthetravellingmode,thegunmaybetowedatthemuzzleofthebarrelbyavehicle.Alsodisclosedisawheelaxleassemblyselec-tivelyrotatableaboutapivotthatallowstwowheelsoftheguntocontactthegroundoverarangeofinclines.Thefieldguninparticu-larmaybealightgunsuchasahowitzer.10drawings


34 October 2009

Communications, Sensors & Surveillance Emerging Defense Technologies

Protected Area Boundaries Safety SystemKudel’kinVladimirAndreevichCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionpertainstoprotectiveanddefensiveengineering.Systemcontainsoveralloverviewvideocameraconnectedwiththecontrolcomputeratleastonefixedunitofremotely-operatedsmall-armsweapons,actuatorsofweaponhorizontalandverticalmovement,release-mechanismactuator,connectedthroughthecommunicationchannelwithweaponcontrollerandfurtherwithtransmitter-receiveroftheweapon,connectedthroughthecontroltransmitter-receiverwiththecontrolcomputerhavingmonitorandcontroldevice.Thesystemisequippedwithmotion-sensorsconnectedthroughtheintruderdetectioncontrollertothecontrolcomputer,withsystemsoflightandaudiblealarmconnectedthroughthecontrollersoflightandaudiblealarmtothecontrolcomputer,remotely-operatedweapons,trenchmortars,tanks,missiles,pilotlessplanes,andminedefenseswithcontactfuzeandradiofrequencyfuzeconnectedbyaradiochannelthroughthecontrollerofminedefensewiththecontrolcomputer.Thereportedeffectwillimproveremoteprotectionanddefense.3drawings

Method of Target Attack for Mechanized Unit and Informational System for Method ImplementationGosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieKonstruktorskoebjuropriborostroenijaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:Russian

Thisinventionconcernsdefensetechnology.Methodinvolvesdetectionandrecognitionoftarget,targettaggingandtrackingalongwithstadimetrics,definingshootinganglebymathematicexpressionstakingperma-nentbarreldeclinationagainstsightlineintoaccount,andtargetshooting.Firecontrolsystem(FCS)operationmodeandammuni-tiontypeareselected,andrelevantlogicsignalcorrespondingtoarmsandam-munitiontypeisgeneratedatcontrolboard(CB)andtransmittedfromCBtoballisticcomputer(BC)byBCrequest,theBCtransmittingitfurthertoviewfindersystemandcontrolunit(CU).Thissignalalertsac-tuationcircuitsofelectricarmslauncher,anddependinginammunitiontypeandloadingorderasignalisgeneratedforswitchingbetweenammunitionbeltfeedfromrightorleftmagazinecaseofarmsloadingsystem.Ammunitionbeltofrespectiveammunitiontypeisconnected,arequestsequenceisperformedbyinformationalcontrolsystem(ICS)inICSsensors.Electriccircuitcom-mutationisperformedbeforecontrolsignalprocessingbypowerdrivestomaintainde-finedmodeofstabilizerandFCSoperation.Thereportedeffectisenhancedshootingefficiencyduetoincreasedaccuracyandperformancerate.7drawings

Dual FOV Imaging Semi-Active Laser SystemCountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishThepresentinventionincludesamultifac-

etedimagingsemi-activelasersystem(“I-SALS”).Inoneaspect,theI-SALSclosesonalaserdesignationofatargetuntilitstartsimagingthetarget,whereupontheI-SALSthenhomesonthetargetfromtheimage.Someembodimentsemployaslightlydefo-cuseddesignation.Otherembodimentsuseexistentialjitterinthedesignationandotherembodimentsintentionallyinduceajitterinthedesignationcalleddither.Oneparticularembodimentsprovidesadualfield-of-viewopticspackagethathasnomovingparts.25drawings

Device Defining Angular Coordinates of FirearmsShootingPointKhabibulinAnatolijEvgen’evichCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionconcernsarmament.Atthemomentofshot,anyfirearmsgenerateener-gyininfraredband.Inventionclaimsdeviceregisteringafirearmsshotautomaticallyinthespaceundersurveywithindirectvisibil-ityrangeanddefiningangularcoordinatesoftheshotinhorizontalandverticalplanesagainstopticaxisofopticsystemviewfield.


October 2009 35

Theeffectisachievedbyregistrationofin-fraredbandenergy,determinationofenergyvariationrate,andcomparisontogivenminimumandmaximumvariationrateforenergyemittedbygunshot.Angularcoor-dinatesofshotpointaredefinedbytheaddress(number)ofmatrixpixelinphotoreceiversreceivedtheenergy.Thereportedeffectisenhancedaccuracyofdetection.2drawings

Laser Spot Tracker and Target IdentifierAnalogModules,Inc.Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAlaserspottrackerdevicecomprisingalasertrackerreceiverusingaquadrantdetec-torincorporatedintoapairofbinocularsoropticaltelescopesystemwithacrosshairorreticule.Directionalinformationfromthelasertrackerreceiverisdisplayedtoanoperator(JTAC)toallowthereticuletobemanuallysteeredontothetargetilluminatedbythelaser,thusidentifyingthetargettothespotter.Thelasercodemaybepre-selectedtotrackaparticulardesignator,or,thetrackermayreadoutthecodeorcodesoflaserspotswithinitsfieldofview.8drawings

Device to Determine Bullet Hit CoordinatesFederal’noegosudarstvennoeunitar-noepredprijatieTsentral’nyjnauchno-issledovatel’skijinstituttochnogomashinos-troenijaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestotargetcomplexes,

particularlytodevicesthatallowdeter-miningthebullethittingaccuracyinshoot-ingbycombatandsportingsmallarmsinopenandclosedshootinggalleries.Proposeddevicecomprisesarectangular-frametargetwithitsfrontandrearcoveredbyrubberscreensthatmakeameasuringchamber.Coordinatecomputationunitandfouracoustictransducersarearrangedinsideaforesaidchamber,connectedwithampli-fiers.Outputsofthelatterareconnectedtocoordinatecomputationunitviatimeintervalmeasurementunit.Thereportedeffectishigheraccuracyandreliabilityofcoordinatedeterminationir-respectiveofambientairtemperatureanddnsity.2drawings


36 October 2009

Ground Vehicles Emerging Defense Technologies

Cabine Blindee Pour VehiculeNexterSystemsCountryoforigin:FranceLanguage:FrenchL’inventionapourobjetunecabineblindéepourvéhicule,cabinecomportantaumoinsunplanchersurlequelestsoudéeaumoinsuneparoilatérale.Cettecabineestcaractériséeencequeleplancheretaumoinsunedesautresparoisdelacabinesontassembléesavantsoudureaumoyend’aumoinsunassemblageàconcordancedeformesentrelesbordsrelatifsdelaparoiduplancher,cetassemblagepermettantdefournirunpointd’appuimutueldelaparoiparrapportauplancherlorsqu’uneffortmécaniqueexterneestappliquéàlaparoiouauplancher.11drawings

Armour for a VehicleBentelerAutomobiltechnikGMBHCountryoforigin:GermanyLanguage:GermanEswirddieVerwendungeinerStahlsortefürdieHerstellungwarmgeformterundgehärteterPanzerungenvorgeschlagen.DadurchlassensichkomplexeBauteileherstellen,dieinsbesondereauchzumBrechenvonHartkernmunitiongeeignetsind.

Glass-Ceramic with Laminates Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAtransparentarmorsystemincludesahardfacefabricatedfromasubstantiallytransparentglass-ceramicmaterialexhibitingcrystallinebodiesthroughoutthemassoftheglass-ceramicmaterialandabackingcoveringarearsurfaceofthehardfaceoppositeananticipatedincomingprojectile.Thebackinghasarefractiveindexsubstantiallymatchingthatofthehardfacesuchastoallowsubstantialtransparencyofthetransparentarmorsystem.Thehardfaceservestodisburseenergycausedby

theimpactofanincomingprojectilewiththetransparentarmorsystem,whilethebackingservestoretainanypiecesofthehardfacefracturedduringballisticimpact.Incertainembodiments,apluralityofhardfacesareheldinparallelandspacedapartarrangement.13drawings

Tank TurretFederal’noegosudarstvennoeunitarnoepredprijatieKonstruktorskoebjurotransport-nogomashinostroenija(FGUPKBTM)Countryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionconcernstankturretsandcanbeappliedinnewtankmodelsorforupgradeofexistingones.Tankturretincludesweldedfiringports,frontandlateralwalls,aftsheetwithremovablearmouredloadconveyingcontainerattachedtoit,bottomsheet,roofwithports,andquick-releasefrontprotectionmodules.Internalspaceisexpandedduetoinstalla-tionoffrontturretcasewallsperpendiculartobottomsheet.Quick-releaseprotectionmodulesofenhancedarmourdurabilityarepositionedsoastoallowforreplacementinfieldincaseofbattledamage.Junctionsbetweenboardsheetsandloadconveyingcontainerfeaturearmoureddeflectors.Lightarmourcompartmentwithindependentanti-aircraftmachinegunandammunitionloadisattachedtolateralturretwallandcoveredbyprotectionmoduleinfront.Dischargeportforpadofsemi-combustiblecartridgecasefeaturesdeviceforairductmountingforunderwaterdriving.Roofsheetsaremountedataminimumincidenceangleof

frontmissilewiththearmourtocausemis-silereboundandpreventarmourbreach.Thereportedeffectisincreasedinternalspaceofturret,maintainabilityduetopos-sibleinstallationofquick-releaseprotectionmodules,enhancedreliabilityofmodulefixationtoturret.7drawings

Out of Turret Tank Gun Loading MachineOtkrytoeaktsionernoeobshchestvoKon-struktorskoebjurotransportnogomashinos-troenija(OAOKBTM)Countryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionconcernsarmouredunits,particularlyautomatedtankgunloadingdevices,andcanbeappliedindevelopmentofnewmechanisedunitsandupgradeofexistingones.Safetygateandcartridgedeploymentdrivesareunitedinasinglede-viceenablingsimultaneouspassageopeningbysafetygateanddeploymentofcar-tridgeinseatingchannel.Safetygateisflexiblymountedonfeedscrewsandcanbeliftedtoopenpassageandloweredtoblockpassage,andfeaturescartridgedeploymentdevice.Feedscrewsfeaturerotationdriveintheformofreverseelectricmotorswitchedoffbyterminalswitchesinendpositionsofsafetygate.Thereportedeffectisenhancedperformancerateandreliabilityofmannedtankturretcompartmentseparationfromammunitionloadlocatedinloadconveyingcontainer.10drawings

Vehicle ExtenderLockheedMartinCorp.Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAvehicleextenderforselectiveconnectionwithabasevehicle.Theextenderincludesaframeandtwowheelsonanaxlewhichmaybedriveable.Thereareinter-engageableair,electricalandbrakeconnectorsontheframe


October 2009 37

toprovideelectricalandbrakesystemstothevehicleextenderfromthebasevehicle,andthereisaquick-connectionassemblyforconnectingthevehicleextendertothebasevehicle.Therecanbeacombinationofabasevehicleandavehicleextender,withprovisionforquickconnect/disconnect.Thebasevehiclehasachassis,abodyinclud-ingacargobed,engine,tires,anelectricalsystem,anairsystemandabrakesystem.15drawings

Tank Gun Loading MachineOtkrytoeaktsionernoeobshchestvoUral’skoekonstruktorskoebjurotransport-nogomashinostroenijaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionconcernsarmouredunits,particularlydevicesofautomatictankgunloading.Cartridgeliftdeviceofload-ingmachinefeaturesgripsintheformofthree-armleverwithcarriageattachedtoitbyjointstoperformreciprocatemovementinguidelines,andcartridgeliftdevicebracketfeaturesadditionalguidelinesandfollowerwithaslot.Onearmofthree-armleverisconnectedbylinksmountedattheleveronjoints,withanarmofbalancebeamsprungagainstthelinks,withbeamaxisconnectedtoslidesinadditionalguide

lines,andotherbeamarmfeaturinghitcheswithslotsinteractingwithdragaxlesjointlyconnectingchainlinkswithsecondarmofthree-armlever.Thirdarmofthree-armleverfeaturesrollercontactingtheslotoffollower.Thereportedeffectallowsuseofloadswithextralongshellswithoutincreaseintanksizeandweight.3drawings

Armour for a VehicleBentelerAutomobiltechnikGMBHCountryoforigin:GermanyLanguage:GermanEswirdvorgeschlagen,einePanzerungfüreinFahrzeugausmindestenszweisepar-atenzumindestabschnitssweiseidentischkonfiguriertenBlechenoderBlechformteilenausPanzerstahlaufzubauen,indembeideBlecheoderBlechformteileinkongruenterZuordnunghintereinandergelegtwerden.2drawings

WaffenstationKraussMaffeiWegmannCountryoforigin:GermanyLanguage:GermanDieErfindungbetriffteineWaffenstation,insbesonderezurAnordnungaufmilitärisch-enFahrzeugen,dieübereinengemeinsamenAntriebelevierbarsind,wobeidiebeidenWaffenübereinGetriebederartmiteinandergekoppeltsind,dassdiePrimärwaffeunddieSekundärwaffemitunterschiedlichenWin-kelgeschwindigkeitenelevierbarsind.10drawings

Heads Up Display DelphiTechnologiesInc.Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAheadsupdisplayapparatusforavehiclehavingawindshieldincludesanLEDdisplayhavingalphanumericcharacterswhichareatleastreflectedoffofthevehiclewindshieldtowardthedriver.Thedisplayhaspowercontrolsand,optionally,avariablebrightnesscontrolthroughamanuallydrivermanipulatablecontrolmemberorautomaticallythroughanambientlightsensoroutputcoupledtothedisplay.Avehicleoperatingparameteroutputiscoupledtothedisplayandconvertedbythedisplayintoilluminatedalphanumericcharacters.EachelementofeachLEDcharacterincludesareflectedelementimageandatleastapartiallyrefractedandreflectedghostelementimagewhichhavejuxtaposedandoverlappedelementtoformacombinedsingleimagetotheviewer.7drawings

Wireless Engine Monitoring System HarrisCorp.Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAwirelessenginemonitoringsystem(WEMS)includesanenginemonitoringmodulethatismounteddirectlyonanaircraftengineandrecords,stores,encryptsandtransmitsfullflightenginedata.ThesystempreferablyinterfacestotheFullAuthorityDigitalEngineController/EngineControlUnit(FADEC/ECU)andcanrecordhundredsofengineparameterswithapreferredsamplingfrequencyofaboutonesecond.Theenginemonitoringmoduleispreferablyformedasaminiaturizedmoduledirectlymountedontheaircraftenginewithinitscowlingandhasaconformalantenna.Theenginemonitoringmodulecanalsouploaddataforonboardprocessing.7drawings


38 October 2009

Adaptable Beam Lifter ElementBAESystems&ArmamentsL.P.Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishThepresentinventionisanAdaptableBeamLifterElement(ABLE)systemforuseinliftingandmovinganassortmentofmilitaryvehiclesandcontainersintransitandstorage.AnABLEdeviceisgenerallyastructurehavingalow-profileframethatcontainshydrauliclift,maneuvering,anddrivefeaturesthatmayreadilybeplacedbeneathoraroundvehiclesorcontainersfordesiredmovementinaconfinedspace.ByusingABLEdevices,transportedvehiclesplacedonshipsorinotherconfinedlocationscanbestowedveryclosetogether,whileallowingvehiclestoberetrievedeasilyandefficiently,withoutdedicatingavastamountofspaceformaneuvering.Insomeembodiments,multipleABLEsmaybegangedandslavedlogicallytogethertoformasystemtocooperativelyliftandtransportavarietyofvehiclesandcontainersincludingmanytypesofmilitaryequipment.20drawing

Sensor Mount AssemblyRockyResearchCountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAshockresistantsensorassemblycomprisesabaseplate,aclamplid,ahingeassemblysecuredtothebaseplateandtheclamplidandformingahingeconnection,andareleasableclampassemblysecuredtoeitherthebaseplateortheclamplidoppositethehingeassemblyandhavingalatchmemberforreleasablyengagingandclampingthe

otherendofthebaseplateortheclamplid.Asensorhousingwithasensorisclampedbetweenthebaseplateandtheclamplid.3drawings

Tank Gun and TankGosudarstvennoeobrazovatel’noeuchr-ezhdenievysshegoprofessional’nogoobrazovanijaMoskovskijgosudarstvennyjtekhnicheskijuniversitetim.N.Eh.Baumana(GOUVPOMGTUim.N.Eh.Baumana)Countryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisproposedtankcompriseshull,turretwithroofandgunmountedinsidethesaidturret.Aforesaidgunhasabarrelandgeneratesforceactingonthetankandnotexceeding800…1000kNatbarrelrecoiltravelmakinglessthan152…155mmandweightnotover1,500kg.Thereportedeffectishighercombatef-ficiency.1drawing


October 2009 39

Infantry Weapons Emerging Defense Technologies

Small Arms TriggerS.A.T.SvissArmzTeknolodzhiAGCountryoforigin:LanguageThisinventionrelatestosmallarms,namelytorifle.Theriflecomprisestriggerrevolvingonaxle,triggerlinkarrangedinsidebreechframeandrotaryleverconnectingtriggerlinkwithtrigger.Aforesaidlever,arrangedinthebreechframe,ispivotedtotriggerlinkandrevolvesonaxletodisplacelengthwisetoholdorreleasecockedstriker.Tochangetriggerresistancewithnonotabledesignchanges,aforesaidrotarylever,articulatedtolink,featuresretainerextendingupwards.Withthetriggercockedup,thelatterenterslowerstopslotoftrigger.Noteherethatthesaidslotfeaturesfrontskewedflatfortheretainerstopedgetorestupon.Thereportedeffectiseasyadjustmentoftriggerresistance.5drawings

Method for Non-Lethal Effect at Human OrgansofvisionwithHelpofEradiationFGU12Tsentral’nyjnauchno-issledovatel’skijinstitutMinisterstvaobo-ronyRossijskojFederatsiiCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionisrelatedtothefieldofeffectathumanorgansofvisionlocatedbehindopticaldeviceswithapplicationofEHF-radiationasaffectingfactor.Methodconsistsineffectathumanorgansofvision,whicharelocatedbehindopticaldevices,byelectromagnetradiationofmillimeterrange,besides,wavelengthisselectedintherangeof8.75…8.8mm,whichcorrespondstowindowofatmospheretransparencyandtransmissionofradiationthroughopticaldevices.Moreover,radiationenergyfluxdensityisset,whichmakesahumanbeingtoresponsivelyshuttheeyelids.Devicecomprisesmovableplatform,onwhich

sightingaccessoryisinstalled,aswellasunitofelectromagneteffectathumanorgansofvision.Besidesunitforeffectathumanbeingisarrangedintheformofradiatingantennacoupledwithgeneratorofelec-tromagnetradiationofmillimetrerangeofwavelengths.Thereportedeffectisimprovedefficiencyofnon-lethaleffectathumanorgansofvision,includingthosebehindopticaldevicesanddifficultyofprotectionagainsteffect.1drawing

Weapon Grip AssemblyR/MEquipment,IncCountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAweapongripassemblyforattachmenttoaforwardportionofaweaponisprovided.Theinventionincludesabaseassemblysupportedforoperativeengagementbyahandle.Thebaseassemblyincludesclampsadaptedtobesecuredtoaforwardportionoftheweaponandfurtherincludesaposthav-ingaclampendadaptedtoretaintheclampsforpivotmotionwithrespectthereto.Thepostofthebaseassemblyisreceivedwithinaboreofthehandle,amandrelbeinginter-posedbetweenthehandleandtheclampsofthebaseassembly.Asthebaseassemblyisdrawnintothehandle,byrotationofthehandleaboutthepostofthebaseassembly,themandrelreceivestheclampendofthepost,withanupperfreesurfacethereofen-gagingtheclampsforpivotedclosureaboutaportionoftheweaponinfurtheranceofsecuringtheweapongripassemblythereto.16drawings

Cartridge Magazine with Shoulder Retention FeaturesCountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAmagazineconfiguredtoreceiveaplural-ityofcartridgesincludesafrontportion,arearportion,andopposinglateralportionsbetweenthefrontportionandtherearpor-

tion,theopposinglateralportionsincludinganeckportion,ashoulderportionadjacenttheneckportion,andabaseportionadja-centtheshoulderportion,whereintheneckportionadjacenttheshoulderportionhasawidththatisabout0.005inchestoabout0.04inchesgreaterthanthenominalsizeofaneckportionofthecartridges.5drawings

Muzzle or Barrel DeviceSmolovikEvgenijSergeevichCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionconcernssmallarms.De-viceincludesextensionboxesconnectedby


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gaschannelstobulletrace.Extensionbox-esfeaturesmoothsurfaceclosedincross-sectiontoformclosedvortexofcombustiongasinside,andgaschannelsaredirectedatatangenttoextensionboxgeneratrix,andtheirsurfaceareaallowsforfillingtheex-tensionboxwithcombustiongasbeforethebulletleavesbarrelorreachesgaschannelsofnextextensionbox.Thereportedeffectisenhancedsounddamping,alongwithreducedimpairingofshootingdensity.3drawings

Grenade LauncherOtkrytoeaktsionernoeobshchestvoZavodim.V.A.DegtjarevaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisproposeddevicecomprisespercus-sioncapandpropellantexplosivechargearrangedincombustionchamber,powdergasexhaustchamberwithtightlyclosedcombustionchamberinletandoutletintochamberarrangedoutsidethelauncher.Noteherethatapistonisarrangedinsidecombustionchambertoreciprocatetherein,thesaidpistonhousingaforesaidpercussioncapandpropellantcharge.Notethatthestemandpistonarefurnishedwithstopstogetintocontactduringpistontravelandtoopeninletofpowdergasexhaustfromcombustionchamber.Thereportedeffectishigherreliability,mini-mizedservicing.4drawings

Small Arms Blow-back CompensatorKovalenkoVladimirNaumovichCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisproposedinventioncanbeusedtoreduceblow-backinfiringinbursts.Blow-backcompensatorcomprisesmotorwithitsshaftsupportingoneflatworkingbodyandarrangedperpendiculartobarrelaxis.Aforesaidworkingbodyisorientedparalleltotheplanethatcrossesbarrelandtrig-

ger.Motorshaftrotationalspeedcanbevaried.Thereportedeffectishigheraccuracyoffire.0drawing

Special CarbineGosudarstvennoeobrazovatel’noeuchr-ezhdenievysshegoprofessional’nogoobrazovanijaTUL’SKIJARTILLERIJSKIJINZhENERNYJINSTITUT(TAII)Countryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestosmallarmstofirebothunderwaterandoverland.Proposedcarbinecomprisesbarrelwithgaschamberandbreechframewithbutt.Itaccommo-datesalsolockframewithbreechlockandcounterrecoilmechanism,magazine-open-ingcoverwithhandle,gastube,triggerandfeedmechanisms,feedmechanismcatchandshutter.Feedmechanismcatchbaseismadeintegralwithaforesaidshuttertomovelengthwisealongflangesofbreechframereceivingopeningandtobelockedbyspring-loadedretainersintwopositions.Notethatthatbarrellengthmakes(55…75)d,wheredisborediameter,mm.Thereportedeffectistheattachmentofmagazineswithvariouscartridges,higherreliability.4drawings

Electrically Driven TriggerOtkrytoeaktsionernoeobshchestvoZavodim.V.A.DegtjarevaCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestosmallarms,par-ticularlytoelectricallydriventriggersthatrequirelockingofactuatedpartsproposedtriggercomprisesbodyofsolenoid1withcoil2,armature3,springloadedbyplunger4withlink5,casingofelectriclaunchingpawl6withsear7fittedinaxle3andactedonbyspring9,lever10fittedonaxle8interactingwithlink5.Casingofelectriclaunchingpawl6accommodatesstop12fittedonaxle11tointeractwithlever10.Stop12featurestwothrustflats13and14tointeract,whenlocked,withaforesaidcasing6andsear7.Notethataforesaidstopthrustflatinteractingwithsearisarranged

tohavetheperpendiculartoitssurfacecrossingthestoprotationalaxis.Searhasthrustsurfacetolockactuatedpartsattheangleα(15°to20°)exceedingthemaxi-mumangleofself-jamming(8°,max).Thereportedeffectishigherreliability.4drawings

Weapons Control SystemAvnerKleinCountryoforigin:AustraliaLanguage:EnglishWeaponscontrolsystemsaredisclosedincludingahandhelddisplayandwiringloomconfigurationsforweaponscontrolsystems.Acontrolsystemforaweaponcomprisesasightunitformountingtotheweaponforcapturingimagedatafortargetingtheweapon.Thecontrolsystemalsocomprisesahandhelddisplayhavingasightviewablebyatleastoneeyeofanoperatoroftheweapontoviewdataassociatedwithoperationoftheweaponincludingimagedatacollectedbythesightunitandacontrollertocontroloperationoftheweapon.Thecontrolsystemalsocomprisesacommunicationsystemcoupledtobeincommunicationwiththehandhelddisplayandthesightunittoenabletheoperatortoremotelyviewthedataassociatedwithoperationoftheweaponandsimultaneouslycontroloperationoftheweapon.6drawings


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Cartridge Loading Mechanism for Semi-automatic ShotgunsTasyaganBahtiyarCountryoforigin:TurkeyLanguage:EnglishOurinventionisthecartridgeloadingmechanismforsemiautomaticshotgunswhichenablesloadingbulletwithsinglehandandwithoutgivingupthe0shootingposition,whichconsistsforfiveindependentelementsthatacttogetherinintegrityandisdesignedasawayfromcomplexityforthesakeofeasyinstallation,andnotaffectedfrompowdergasesintheriflethankstoitslocation.6drawings


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Soldier Survivability & Gear

Mist GeneratorEmel’janovValerijNilovich(RU),VagonovSergejNikolaevich(RU),VarenykhNikolajMikhajlovich,KiselevVitalijBorisovichCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisdesigndescribesageneratorthatincludesthermallyinsulatedbodywithfunctionalpyrotechniccartridgelocatedinthebody,electricsparkignitermountedininternaldiaphragmwithoutlets.Itisequippedwithprotectivecover,socketfixedonbody,screwbasecarryingdiaphragm,bottomwithpapergasketconnectedwithbodyandcircularshellmadeofcardboardandinstalledinscrewbaseintegratedwiththesocket.Inthisstructurethediaphragmislocatedovercircularshellandformsreceivertogetherwithcircularshell.Protectivecoverisscrewedonprojectingbaseendviasealring,andpyrotechniccartridgeisfixedincardboardcylinderinstalledinthebody.Thegeneratormaybeequippedwithadditionaligniterformanualactuating.Thereportedeffectisanincreaseinfunctionalreliabilityandenhancementoftechnologicalpossibilities.1drawing

Method of Production of Helmets of Polymer Composites and Helmet of Polymer CompositesObshchestvosogranichennojotvetstvennost’juNauchnoproizvodstvennoepredprijatieArmokom-TsentrCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThedesigndescribesagroupofinventionspertainstobodyarmorfacilities.Productionmethodofhelmetofpolymercompositesincludeslocationofshockdamperbetweendomicalprotectivecoverandhelmetinner.Damperisproducedbycuttingoutofablankpartintheshapeofchamomilewith4-8equallyspacedmeridianincisionsofelasticthermoplasticfoamplasticwiththewidthof(1.05…2.2)s,wheres-widthofprotectivecover.Equallyspacedopenings

withd=(0.6…1.5)sdiameteraremadeintheblankbyarrangingthematl=(1.05…2.2)dfromeachotherinthetopsofmutuallyadjoiningequilateraltriangles.Thereafterblankisassigneddome-shapebythermalprocessinginthedomicaltoolsetdeformingopeningsintoacone-shape.Helmetofpolymercompositescontainsaprotectivecover,helmetinnerandarrangedinbetweenofthemdamperproducedbytheabovestatedmethod.Thereportedeffectisaimedatincreasingreliabilityofhelmet,reducingweightofthedamper,decreasingafter-penetrationedgeontheprotectedobject.7drawings

Body Armor and Closure MechanismMSACountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAbodyarmortobewornbyapersonincludesafrontsectionincludingballisticpaneling.Thefrontsectionfurtherincludesatleastafirstfrontlaterallyextendingsectiononafirstsideofthebodyarmor.Thefirstfrontlaterallyextendingsectionincludesballisticpaneling.Thebodyarmorfurtherincludesarearsectioncomprisingballisticpanelingandatleastafirstrearlaterallyextendingsectionattachedtotherearsectiononthefirstsideofthebodyarmorandextendingfromtherearsection.Thefirstrearlaterallyextendingsectionisconnectedtothefirstfrontlaterallyextendingsectionsothatwhenthefirstrearlaterallyextendingsectionismovedforwardaroundafirstsideofatorsoofthepersonduringclosureofthefirstsideofthebodyarmor,thefirstfrontlaterallyextendingsectionispulledtomove

inarearwarddirectionaroundthefirstsideofthetorsoofthepersonandunderthefirstrearlaterallyextendingsection,therebycausingoverlappingofatleastaportionofballisticpanelingofthefirstfrontlaterallyextendingsectionwithatleastaportionofballisticpanelingoftherearsectionaroundthefirstsideofthetorso.11drawings

Composite Armor Material and Method of Manufacture Modumetal,LLC.Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAnarmormaterialandmethodofmanufacturingutilizenano-and/ormicrolaminatematerials.Inoneembodiment,thearmormaterialcomprisesalayeredcompositematerialincludingastrikeface,acorelayer,andaspallliner.Thestrikefaceachieveshardnessandtoughnessbythecontrolledplacementofhardandtoughconstituentmaterialsthroughtheuseofnano-and/ormicrolaminatematerials.Thecorelayerachievesenergyabsorptionthroughtheuseofnano-ormicrolaminatedcoatedcompliantmaterials.Thespalllinerprovidesreinforcementthroughtheuseofnano-ormicrolaminatedfiberreinforcedpanels.Inoneembodiment,nano-and/ormicrolaminatedmaterialscanbemanufacturedthroughtheuseofelectrodepositiontechniques.31drawings

Pistol Holster with Lock LeverRASSIASDzhonN.Countryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussiaThisproposedholstercomprisesacoverwithlockbearingstopconnectedwiththecovertopandtwosidewalls,andcamslotinthecasesidewall.Itincludesalsoatleastoneopeningtoaccommodatepistolthereinatleastonesidewallofthecaseandleverfastenedtothecasetoturnthereon.Notethataforesaidleverfeaturesanarmwithworkingmembertobeacteduponbythethumb,andaretainer.Italsoincorporatesacamarmwithguidepawlreceivedintothecasecamslottoslidethereinfromthe1stinto2ndposition.Noteherethat,wheninthe1stposition,thesaidguidepawlstaysoutsideofatleastoneopening


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accommodatingpistol,while,wheninthe2ndposition,thesaidguidecamstaysinatleastoneaforesaidpistolopeningtolockpistoltherein.Thereportedeffectisfasterpullingpistoloffholsterandsafepistolcarrying.6drawings

Foldable and Deployable PanelElbitSystemsCountryoforigin:IsraelLanguage:EnglishAfoldabledeployablepaneldeviceattachedtoabodyofanobjectisdisclosed.Thedeviceincludesapanelpivotallyattachedtothebodybyafirstpivotelementatafirstpivotpositionandasecondpivotelementatasecondpivotposition.Thefirstpivotelementisdisengageablefromthefirstpivotposition,whenthepanelisalignedinapredeterminedorientation.Thesecondpivotelementisfixedatthesecondpivotposition,whenthefirstpivotelementisengagedatthefirstpivotposition.Thepanelisurgedbyanenergystoringelement,whenthefirstpivotelementisdisengagedfromthefirstpivotposition,tomoveintoadeployedposition.6drawings.

Ballistic Resistant Articles Comprises Elongate BodiesTeijinArmamidBVCountryoforigin:NetherlandsLanguage:Theinventionpertainstoaballistic-resistantmouldedarticlecomprisingacompressedstackofsheetscomprisingreinforcingelon-gatebodiesandanorganicmatrixmaterial,thedirectionoftheelongatebodieswithinthecompressedstackbeingnotunidirection-ally,whereintheelongatebodiesaretapeswithawidthofatleast2mmandawidthtothicknessratioofatleast10:1withthestackcomprising0.2-8wt.%ofanorganicmatrixmaterial.Amethodformanufacturingtheballistic-resistantmouldedarticleisalsoclaimed.0drawings

Weapon Ball Stock With Integrated Weapon Orientation Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAweaponball-and-socket-basedweaponmountingsystemforremovablyattachingatothebodyofauser.Aballstockadaptedtobeattachedtoaweaponatoneendandconfiguredwithasubstantiallyball-shapedballelementontheotherendreplacedtheconventionalweaponbuttstock.Theballstockmateswithabody-supportedsocketadaptedtoreceivetheballelementbyclickingintothesocket.Theuserisabletoarticulatetheweaponintoarestpositionaswellasrotatingitthroughafullrangeofelevationandsweepingorientations.30drawings

Camouflage and Similar Patterns and Techniques for Creating Such Patterns Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishCamouflageandotherpatternsandtechniquesforcreatingandusingsuchpatternsaredisclosed.Manyofthedisclosedpatternsandpattern-creationtechniquesavoidcreatingthe“blackblob”effectthat

rendersmanyexistingcamouflagepatternsineffectiveatadistance.Certaindisclosedpatternshaveelementsthatcausethepatternstolooknon-distinctupclose,buttoappearmoredefinedwhenviewedatadistance.Clothing,guns,vehicles,andotherarticleshavingsuchapatternmaybetterblendwiththesurroundingenvironmentbothcloseupandwhenviewedatadistance.Anexemplarypatterncomprisessingle-colorshapessizedand/orhavingothercharacteristicssuchthat,whenviewedfromadistance,thesingle-colorshapesformgroupingsthatappeartobelargerdistinctshapesratherthanablobbedtogethersinglecolororuniformpattern.Whenviewedfromadistance,forexample,acamouflagepatternmaylooklikeacombinationofleaves,trees,rocks,ornaturalelements.19drawings

Ceramic Multi-hit ArmorCountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAballisticstructureforarmorwithimprovedmulti-hitbehaviorincludesatleastaceramicelementandatleastonedefinedvoidintheceramicelementtoseparatetheceramicelementintoseparateballisticsegments.Thedefinedvoidis,forexample,aslitofgivendepthandwidth.28drawings

Head Protective GearEyeTacticalInc.Countryoforigin:CanadaLanguage:EnglishThereisdisclosedaprotectiveheadgearcomprisingahelmethavingabrimpositionedabovetheeyesofthewearer,afaceprotectorcoveringatleastaportionofthefaceofthewearer,andanadaptercomprisinganelongatecrossmemberforsecuringthefaceprotectortothehelmetalongthebrim.Thereisalsodisclosedanadapterforattachingafaceprotector


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havingapairofstrapreceivingslotsmouldedthereintoahelmet,comprisingacrossmembersecuredtothehelmet,andapairofsupportarmsforinsertionintothestrapreceivingslots.Additionally,thereisdisclosedfaceprotectivegearforusewithahelmethavingabrimpositionedabovetheeyesofthewearer,comprisingacrossmembercomprisingalipmouldedalonganupperedge,andapairofgogglesdependingfromthecrossmemberWhenthecrossmemberissecuredtothehelmet,thelipoverlapsthebrim.5drawings

Sequenced Vehicular Traffic Guiding System Countryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAsystemofsignalemittingmodulesisdisclosed.Themodulesemitlightorothersignalstowarnoncomingtrafficthataroadorotherpathwayhaschangedoristraversingatortuouspathway.Themodulesareinterconnectedinasequencesothattheyflashonandoffinapatternthatleadsthedriverorobserveralongapathwithlessconfusionthanwithrandomlyflashingorsteadylightsorreflectors.Themodulesareself-poweredandcanbearrayedfirstandprogrammedfollowingdeployment.Theprogrammingcanbedonewith“mesh”technology,anexternalcontroller,orbydialingaspecificnumberineachofapluralityofdistributedcontrollers.Themodulescanimprovehighwaysafetybyreducingdriverconfusion.Themodulesarearrayedtopreventadriverfromseeingthemfromanoncomingdirection.Thedrivercomingfromtheoppositedirectionwillhavehisorherownguidingsystem.Themodulescanalsobedeployedforuseinnauticalsituations,todesignatenauticalobstructions(suchasenteringaharbor),shallowwater,

orotherareaofdanger,andinthefieldofaviationtomarkthedirectionandpositionoftemporaryrunwaysorlandingzonesforbothfixedwingandrotarywingaircraft.7drawings

Visor Heads-up DisplayDay&NightDisplaySystems,LLCCountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAwearablesystemisshownthatpresentsoneormoreheads-updisplaystothewearer.Adatasourceprovidesinformationtoanimagegeneratorthatissufficienttogenerateoneormoredisplayimages,whicharestillormoving,charactersorgraphicaldisplays.Theoutputimagefromtheimagegeneratorpassesthroughalens,reflectsoffacurvedmirror,andpassesbackthroughthelenstheotherway.Theimagethenpassesthroughtwonon-doubletlenses,betweenwhichanintermediateimageexists.Theimagereflectsoffthe“lens,”orvisor,oftheglassesandproceedstopupilofthewearer’seye.Alternativeembodimentsuseahelmetvisor,mirror,orother(atleastpartially)reflectivesurfaceforthefinalreflection.5drawings

Fortified StructureFGU15Tsentral’nyjnauchno-issledovatel’skijispytatel’nyjinstitutim.D.M.KarbyshevaMORFCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestofortifiedstructuresforpersonnelprotectionagainstmodernmu-nitions.Proposedfortifiedstructurecon-

sistsofcarcassandflexiblefabriccovertobelaidonoverthesaidcarcass.Thelatterismadefromellipseringswiththickness-to-widthratiomaking1:10,whileheight-to-widthratiobeingequalto1.85-1.9.Thereportedeffectiseasierassembly,lowercosts,reducedtimeofassembly.4drawings

Armored StructureOtkrytoeaktsionernoeobshchestvoOKBSukhogoCountryoforigin:RussiaLanguage:RussianThisinventionrelatestomulti-layerarmoredstructureintendedforprotec-tionagainstbullets,shellsandfragments.Proposedstructureconsistsoftheface,2ndand3rdlayers.Facelayerrepresentslow-hardness(HB≤150)metalalloyplate.2ndand3rdlayersaremadeinidenticalorganicplasticmaterialfabricatedfrombal-listicallyresistantfabricbasedonaramidefibersimpregnatedwithbinder,andlaidinlayersatvariousanglestoprimarydirectionofreinforcement.Thicknessofthe2ndlayerexceedsthatofthe3rdone.Weightofonesquaremeterof2ndlayervariesfrom12to19kg,whileweightofonesquaremeterofthe3rdlayervariesfrom10to16kg.Alllayersarejointedtogetheralongperimeter.Thereportedlowerweightofunitareawithnodeteriorationinprotectivequalities.1drawing


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Protective PanelTecInns.r.l.Countryoforigin:ItalyLanguage:EnglishAprotectivepanelcomprisinganinnersurfaceproximatetoabodytobeprotectedandanoutersurfacedistalfromsaidbody;betweentheinnerandoutersurfaceishousedamulti-layerstructureconstitutedbyatleastonelayerofceramicmaterialand/oraluminiumandatleastonelayeroffabricwithhighresistanceagainstperforation,coupledtoeachotherbymeansofanadhesivelayermadeofelasticmaterial.1drawing

Method and Device for Protecting Objects Against Rocket Propelled GrenadesNederlandseOrganisatievoorToegepastNatuurwetenschappelijkOnnderzoek(TNO)Countryoforigin:NetherlandsLanguage:EnglishTheinventionrelatestoamethodforprotectingobjectsagainstrocket-propelled

grenadeshavingahollownosecone.Anettingofknottedandcoatedsuperstrongfibersisdisposedinfrontoftheobject,insuchamannerthatthenoseconeofarocketcaughtinthenettingwillpenetrateoneofthemeshesofthenettingandbedeformedthroughstrangulation,therebydisablingthedetonator.Adevicetobeusedwithsaidmethodcomprisesanettingofknottedsuperstrongfibersprovidedwithaflexiblecoating,formedwithapluralityofmesheshavingastretchedmeshlengthofmaximallyabout8cm.7drawings


46 October 2009

Unmanned Ground Vehicles

On-Site Land Mine Removal SystemCountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishAmethodofdeactivatinglandminesburiedingroundcomprisesprojectinghigh-pres-surewaterjetsintoground,cuttingthroughgroundwiththehigh-pressurewaterjets,andmakingatleastonecutthroughalandmineorcuttingthroughatleastonelandminethathadbeenundertheground,thecuttingofthelandminereducingtheperformanceofthelandmine.Themethodmayreducetheperformanceofthelandminebyrenderingthelandmineinactivetonormaldetonationproceduresforthelandmine.Toreachasmanysurfaceareasontheburiedlandmines,itispreferablethatatleasttwohigh-pressurewaterjetsarespacedapartareusedtocutthroughtheground.Themethodmaybepracticedwiththehigh-pressurewaterjetbeingcarriedonavehicleandcuttingisdoneinalinethatisformedatleastinpartbymovementofthevehicleoverthegroundwhilethehigh-pressurewaterjetiscuttingground.Anapparatusforthereductionineffectivenessoflandminesburiedingroundmaycompriseaself-containedpush-cartunitoraunitattachedorattachabletoavehicle.Acompletesystemcouldcompriseavehiclehavingasourceofliquid,ahigh-pressurepumptomovetheliquidunderhighpres-sure,anozzledirectingaliquidjetpathfortheliquid,asupportforthenozzle,abrasivedeliverysystem,andnozzlebeingcontrol-labletodirecttheliquidtowardsthegroundwhilethenozzleisfixedrelativetothevehicle.10drawings

System and Method for Seamless Task-Directed Autonomy for RobotsBattelleEnergyAlliance,LLCCountryoforigin:USALanguage:EnglishSystems,methods,anduserinterfacesareusedforcontrollingarobot.Anenvironmentmapandarobotdesignatorarepresentedtoauser.Theusermayplace,move,andmodifytaskdesignatorsontheenvironmentmap.

Thetaskdesignatorsindicateapositionintheenvironmentmapandindicateataskfortherobottoachieve.Acontrolintermediarylinkstaskdesignatorswithrobotinstructionsissuedtotherobot.Thecontrolintermediaryanalyzesarelativepositionbetweenthetaskdesignatorsandtherobot.Thecontrolintermediaryusestheanalysistodetermineatask-orientedautonomylevelfortherobotandcommunicatestargetachievementinformationtotherobot.Thetargetachievementinformationmayincludeinstructionsfordirectlyguidingtherobotiftheautonomylevelindicateslowrobotinitiativeandmayincludeinstructionsfordirectingtherobottodeterminearobotplanforachievingthetaskiftheautonomylevelindicateshighrobotinitiative.38drawings

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Emerging Defense Technologies