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Training Overview
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Agenda
• RTAP Safety/Security Suite
• Overview of Emergency Procedures Module
• Recap of Instructor Support Materials
• Discussion of Product Roll Out Strategies
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RTAP Safety/Security Modules
• Safety Training And Rural Transit (START)
• Problem Passengers: Challenging Situations
• Emergency Procedures for Rural Transit Drivers
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Emergency Procedures
Course Outline
– Learner’s Guide
• Preparedness
• Hazards & Threats
• Emergency Procedures
– Exercises
– Case Studies
– Quizzes
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Course Objectives
By the end of this course participants should be able to:
– Identify common transit safety hazards and security threats
– Describe the kinds of training transit drivers should receive
– List essential onboard emergency equipment
– Explain the connection between personal lifestyle and public safety
– Demonstrate standard procedures to follow in case of an emergency
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Unit 1 – Preparedness
• Introduction
• Driver Training Requirements
• Vehicle Readiness
• Personal Preparedness
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Driver Training Requirements
• Agency Policies & Procedures
• Defensive Driving
• Vehicle and Lift Operations
• Customer Service
• Emergency Response Training
– NIMS & ICS
– CPR / First Aid
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Vehicle Readiness
• Pre-Trip Inspection
• Emergency Equipment
• En Route Inspection
• Post-Trip Inspection
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Personal Preparedness
• Mental Preparation
– Relaxation, Anticipation, Action
• Physical & Emotional Conditions
– Mind, Body, Spirit
• Health Risks
– Smoking
– Exercise & Nutrition
– Drugs & Alcohol
– Stress
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Exercise 1 – Proactive Health
• Reviewing list of conditions that affect driving behavior
• What will YOU do to prevent :
– Fatigue
– Stress
• What will YOU do to improve :
– Health
– Nutrition
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Exercise 2 – On Board
• Emergency Equipment
• Emergency Exits
• Wheelchair Lift - Electronic and Manual Operation
• Web cutter practice
• Drag and carry techniques
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Quiz 1
• Fit for duty includes…
• The purpose of the pre-trip inspection is…
• The 5 life safety items that must be on your vehicle are…
• Your most important driver safety tool is…
• Signs of tampering include…
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Unit 2 – Hazards & Threats
• Accidents and Incidents
• Acts of Nature
• Hazardous Materials
• Critical Infrastructure
• Criminal Activity
• Terrorism
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Accidents & Incidents
• Passenger slip, trip, bump, or fall
• Passenger illness or medical emergency
• Blood of bodily fluid spill
• Vehicle breakdown
• Onboard fire
• Vehicle going off-road
• Vehicle collision
• Injuries and fatalities
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Acts of Nature
• Darkness
• Dust storms
• Rain, snow, sleet, fog and ice
• Forest Fire/Wildfire
• Flooding
• Tornado/high winds
• Hurricane
• Earthquake
• Landslide/avalanche Thunderstorms
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Hazardous Materials
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Toxic Chemical Release
• Two or more people experiencing difficulty breathing, uncontrollable coughing, collapse, seizure, nausea, blurred vision or disorientation
• A cloud, mist, fog, fine powder, dust, liquid or oily residue, or pungent odor
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Critical Infrastructure
• Electricity
• Fuel
• Telecommunications
• Radio, TV, Internet
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Criminal Activity
• Minor
– Fare evasion
– Vandalism
– Property theft
• Serious
– Robbery
– Assault
– Homicide
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Terrorism
• Political, not personal
• Top 5 terrorist tactics:
– Bomb
– Armed attack
– Kidnapping
– Arson
– Assassination
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Different & Difficult
• Physical Disabilities
• Cognitive Disabilities
• Communication Challenges
• Cultural Differences
• Fear-centered Behavior
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Dangerous
• Warning Signs
• Visible agitation
• Intense or unbroken eye contact
• Raised voice or shouting
• Voiced threats or expletives
• Threatening body posture
• Suggestion or evidence of a weapon
• Known history of violent behavior
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Case Study 1
Trespassing
• You are scheduled to report at the yard at 5:00 AM.
• You arrive a few minutes early, check in, and walk out to the where the buses are parked.
• You notice two young men walking in your direction from a row of parked buses.
• When they see you they change direction and quickly exit the bus yard.
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Case Study 1
Trespassing
• Does this event trigger concerns?
• Should you report this incident?
• What would you report, and to whom?
• How do you ensure your vehicle has not been vandalized or tampered with?
• Are there low cost/no cost things your agency could do to improve security?
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Case Study 2
Descriptions
• In a moment you’ll see a picture of the “two young men”
• The picture will be displayed for 10 seconds
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Case Study 2 - Descriptions
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Case Study 2
Descriptions
• Working individually write down every detail you can remember about these two men. You have 3 minutes to complete this task.
• Working as a team develop a single composite description of the two men.
• How are the descriptions from each team similar? How do they differ?
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Case Study 2 - Descriptions
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Case Study 2
Descriptions
• How accurate were the descriptions?
• Which team developed the most complete and accurate description?
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Quiz 2
• The cause of most accidents is…
• Visual recovery time refers to…
• When road conditions are adverse you should…
• Warning signs of a dangerous passenger include…
• Warning signs of a toxic release include…
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Unit 3 – Emergency Procedures
• 7 Steps to Managing Any Crisis
• Protocols for Probable Incidents
– Accidents and Incidents
– Acts of Nature
– Hazardous Materials
– Critical Infrastructure
– Criminal Activity
– Terrorism
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7 Steps of Crisis Management
1. Assess the Situation
2. Notify Dispatcher / Request Aid
3. Protect Yourself
4. Protect Others
5. Secure the Vehicle
6. Gather Incident Information
7. Complete Post-Incident Reports
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Crisis Management Flowchart
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Accidents & Incidents
1. Assess the Situation
• Check to see if you are injured or in immediate danger
• Check on passenger injuries.
• Check your location.
• Check the condition of the vehicle
• DO NOT move your vehicle unless:
– Instructed to do so by law enforcement, or
– Leaving the vehicle where it is would expose the passengers to greater danger
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Accidents & Incidents
2. Notify Dispatcher / Request Aid
• Precise location
• Type of emergency and description of what occurred
• Number of passengers
• Nature and severity of any injuries
• Type of help you will need from police, fire and EMS
• Whether or not you are blocking traffic
• Whether or not the vehicle can be safely moved
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Accidents & Incidents
3. Protect Yourself
• Ensure that you are not injured
• Once you are sure you are safe, focus on your passengers.
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Accidents & Incidents
4. Protect Others
• Keep passengers on the vehicle unless remaining in place presents a life safety hazard
• Keep everyone together, safe, and protected Identify and assist injured/ill passengers
• Reassure passengers with status updates
• Evacuate vehicle only if necessary
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Accidents & Incidents
5. Secure the Vehicle
• Unless you have been in an accident move the vehicle off the roadway to a safe location
• Set the brakes, turn off engine, turn on 4-way flashers, turn on the four-way flashers
• Block or curb tires to prevent rollaway
• Set flares / triangles to warn approaching motorists
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Proper Triangle Placement
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Accidents & Incidents
6. Gather Incident Information
• Have passengers and witnesses complete courtesy cards to submit with your report
• Collect information from other driver(s) and first responders
• Answer questions asked by first responders
• Do not make unsolicited statements
• Do not speak to the media
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Accidents & Incidents
7. Complete Post-Incident Report
• Complete your post-incident report promptly to capture details when they are fresh
• Make particular note of anything unusual about the incident, the accident scene, the victims, etc.
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Onboard Incidents
How might these steps differ for:
• Mechanical Breakdown
• Onboard Fire
• Bodily Fluid Spill
• Seizure
• Stroke
• Heart Attack
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Vehicle Evacuation
When to Evacuate
• Evacuating is an action of last resort
• You MUST evacuate if:
– A fire or other condition (leaking fuel) makes the vehicle unsafe
– The position or location of the vehicle is dangerous, and it cannot be moved
– The driver is instructed to do so by system management, law enforcement, or fire/rescue
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Vehicle Evacuation
Evacuation Procedures
• Identify at least two escape routes and safety zones
• Assess the condition of passengers
• Determine assistance required, and enlist aid
• Calmly instruct passengers to evacuate through the identified exit(s) to the designated safety zone
• Warn passengers of any hazards
• Evacuate ambulatory passengers first
• If evacuating through windows or roof hatches you will need assistants both inside and outside the vehicle
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Vehicle Evacuation
Evacuating Non-Ambulatory Passengers
• Use web cutter to cut through all securement straps
• Use the lift if possible (electronic or manual control)
• Drag and carry techniques
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Acts of Nature
• Reduced Visibility
• Reduced Traction
• Reduced Control
• Damaged Infrastructure
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Hazardous Materials
• Fuel-Related Incidents
• Natural Gas Ruptures
• Toxic Chemical Spills
• Radiological Emergencies
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Critical Infrastructure
• Continuity of Operations
• Traffic Control
• Communications
• HVAC
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Criminal Activity
• Be On the Look Out (BOLO)
– Notify dispatch @ suspicious people/behavior
– Remember descriptions, details
• Dangerous Passengers
• Violence or Weapons
• Hostage Situation
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Terrorism
7 Signs of Terrorism
• Surveillance Activities
• Information Requests
• Security Breaches
• Supply Acquisition
• Suspicious Activity
• Suspicious Behavior
• Suspicious Credentials
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Suspicious Packages
• H-O-T Test
– Hidden
– Obvious
– Typical
• I.E.D.s
• Chemical/Biological/Radiological
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Case Study 3
Accident
• It is 4 p.m. on a hot summer afternoon
• You have on your bus:
– A middle-aged war veteran paralyzed from the waist down in a powered wheelchair
– An elderly woman who is very hard of hearing
– A young man with cognitive disabilities
• While at a red light you are hit from behind, pushed into the intersection and struck by a second car
• The woman and the young man are thrown from their seats and injured
• Your front door and wheelchair lift are blocked
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Case Study 3
Accident
• List your hazards and challenges
• List your “action steps”
• Put the steps in priority order
• Identify what resources you will need
• Develop bullet points for your call to dispatch
• Simulate transmission to dispatch to report the accident and request assistance.
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Case Study 4
HazMat
• It’s 4 p.m. on a snowy Tuesday
• You have 10 passengers on board
• Both wheelchair securement areas are occupied
• You are on the freeway in bumper-to-bumper traffic
• A rail line parallels the freeway, a freight train slowly passing the gridlocked traffic
• You hear a loud groan and watch as the train derails
• Smoke billows from the wreckage
• Vapor begins collecting in the low-lying hollow between the road and the rail line
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Case Study 4
HazMat
• List your hazards and challenges
• List your “action steps”
• Put the steps in priority order
• Identify what resources you will need
• Develop bullet points for your call to dispatch
• Simulate transmission to dispatch to report the accident and request assistance.
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Case Study 5
Difficult/Dangerous Passenger
• You are driving a fixed route circulator bus
• You pick up a regular passenger. He is ‘different’
• He starts ranting – to no one in particular – about the government, taxes, and corruption
• He uses profanity and makes ethnic slurs
• You ask him to tone it down, but he refuses
• Looking at him in your mirror you notice that he is cradling a small pistol in his lap
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Case Study 5
Difficult/Dangerous Passenger
• List your hazards, threats, and challenges
• List your “action steps”
• Put the steps in priority order
• Identify what resources you will need
• How would you contact your dispatcher?
• What information would you transmit?
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Quiz 3
• When faced with a bodily fluid spill you should…
• You should evacuate your vehicle when…
• When dealing with a dangerous passenger…
• If you find a suspicious package…
• If you witness two or more people exhibiting the same symptoms at the same time…
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Course Review
• Preparedness – Personal preparedness
– Driver training
– Vehicle readiness
• Hazards & Threats – Accidents and Incidents
– Acts of Nature
– Hazardous Materials
– Critical Infrastructure
– Criminal Activity
– Terrorism
• Emergency Procedures – 7 Steps to Manage Any Crisis
– Protocols for Probable Incidents
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Course Materials
• Learner’s Guide
• Instructor’s Guide
• Videos
• PowerPoint
• DVD
• Elearning Disc
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Instructor’s Guide
• Training Basics
• Adult Learners
• Lesson Plans
• Quizzes
• Exercises
• Support Materials
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Delivery Strategies
• Self-paced elearning
• Instructor Led Training
• Discussion-based Exercises
• Functional Exercises/Drills
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Thank You!
• Gary Gleason, Vice President Nusura, Inc. 970-948-7680 [email protected] • Patti Monahan, Executive Director National Rural Transit Assistance Program 888-589-6821 [email protected]
