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EMBRYOLOGY &SONOAPPEARANCE OF

KIDNEYS

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 The permanent kidne !metanephr"#$ i# the third ina

#erie# "% e'ret"r "r(an# in the h)man em*r"+%"rmin(

a%ter the pr"nephr"# and me#"nephr"#, In the#e-enth

men#tr)a. /eek+ the metanephr"# *e(in# t" de-e."p

%r"m t/" #")r'e#0 the metanephri' di-erti').)m

!)reteri'

*)d$ and the metanephri' ma## "% intermediate

Me#"derm,

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 The )reteri' *)d i# an ")t(r"/th %r"mthe me#"nephri' d)'t+ near it#entran'e int" the '."a'a, It e."n(ate#

and *ran'he# in a di'h"t"m")#pattern+ (i-in( ri#e t" the )reter+ rena.pe.-i#+ 'a.'e#+ and '"..e'tin( t)*).e#,

 Thr")(h intera'ti"n /ith themetanephri' me#"derm+ the )reteri'*)d ind)'e# the %"rmati"n "% nephr"n#,

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In ear. em*r"ni' .i%e+ the kidne# are."'ated in the pe.-i#+ *)t the1a#'end2 t" their ad).t p"#iti"n * the

33th men#tr)a. /eek, At thi#(e#tati"n+ the kidne# #tart t" pr"d)'e)rine,

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B the ninth men#tr)a. /eek+ the '."a'a!'a)da. part "% hind()t$ i# di-ided * the)r"re'ta. #ept)m int" the re't)m p"#teri"r.

and the )r"(enita. #in)# anteri"r., The )rinar*.adder+ the %ema.e )rethra+ and m"#t "% thema.e )rethra de-e."p %r"m the )r"(enita. #in)#

and the #)rr")ndin( #p.an'hni' me#en'hme,

Initia..+ the *.adder i# '"ntin)")# /ith thea..ant"i#+ *)t thi# #tr)'t)re #""n '"n#tri't# and*e'"me# a 4*r")# '"rd+ the )ra'h)#

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In the 4r#t trime#ter the %eta. kidne# are*e#t eamined * tran#-a(ina.#"n"(raph, The kidne# are #een a# "-a.+

hpere'h"i' #tr)'t)re# in the para-erte*ra.re(i"n#+ /ith a #ma..+ 'entra. #"n".)'entarea 'a)#ed * 5)id in the rena. pe.-i# B36 t" 37 /eek# "% (e#tati"n+ the kidne#

'").d *e -i#)a.i8ed in 99: "% 'a#e# /ith'"m*ined tran#a*d"mina. and tran#-a(ina.#"n"(raph,

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In the #e'"nd trime#ter the kidne# "%tenappear a# i#"e'h"i' #tr)'t)re# ad;a'ent t" the%eta. #pine "n tran#a*d"mina. , A# the %et)#

mat)re#+ '"rti'"med)..ar di

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 The rena.>a*d"mina. 'ir')m%eren'e rati"remain# '"n#tant at ?,6@ t" ?,7?

thr")(h")t pre(nan', The 'a.'e# are n"t n"rma.. -i#)a.i8ed+ *)t#"me 5)id i# tpi'a.. #een in the rena.pe.-i#, The hi(h. 'hara'teri#ti' rena. pe.-i'

e'h"

 The n"rma. )reter i# 3 t" 6 mm in diameterand i# n"t n"rma.. -i#i*.e

B )#in( tran#-a(ina. #"n"(raph+ the*.adder 'an *e #een a# ear. a# 33 /eek#"% (e#tati"n

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Amni"ti' F.)id ".)me

• E-a.)ati"n "% amni"ti' 5)id -".)me!AF$ pr"-ide# imp"rtant in%"rmati"na*")t %eta. rena. %)n'ti"n

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