EM3DS 2007 . What is EM3DS EM3DS is a very efficient 3D High Frequency Electromagnetic simulator for structures involving multilayer

EM3DS 2007www.memresearch.com

What is EM3DSWhat is EM3DS

EM3DS is a very efficient 3D High Frequency Electromagnetic simulator for structures involving multilayer substrates (e.g. semiconductor and integrated circuits [MMICs], MEMs, printed circuits etc) It implements a set of unique features (not found in any other software in the EM modeling area, to the best of our knowledge):• coupled EM/acoustic modeling for FBAR/BAW• controlled current sources for modeling active linear FETs

• seamless 3D/2.5D switch to reduce numerical burden • extraction of parameters for transmission lines with any

number of conductors• unique calibration techniques: e.g. a generalized SOC

method for standard ports, a new method for Generalized Admittance Matrices for waveguides

What about its solverWhat about its solver

EM3DS is in the class of frequency domain, method of moments (MoM) solvers, boxed formulation

Frequency domain (FrD) vs Time domain (TD)• frequency domain is needed for high Q devices• FrD is generally known to be more accurate, especially for

resonant circuits (e.g. filters)• simpler definition of the material parameters (e.g. losses:

dielectric are usually characterized in frequency)• TD is generally faster for broad-band calculation (FrD

recovered by FFT)• TD is needed for non-linear simulation


Method of Moments Vs Finite Elements (FEM), Finite Differences (FD), Transmission Line Matrix (TLM)• MoM is generally faster, in particular much faster when

dealing with multilayer where different layers have very different thicknesses

• MoM is not generally bound to iterative schemes (it is basically an integral equation): no convergence issues

• MoM of EM3DS is applied to structures with metal boundaries (boxed formulation): in this case there is a regular monotone increase of accuracy increasing meshing

• MoM is not as general as FEM/FD/TLM: it is generally bound to a class of devices


Boxed Vs Open Formulations of MoM• Boxed MoM has generally a much larger dynamic range:

unpaired accuracy• easy definition of ground in a boxed MoM• useful to model interaction with the box in a shieleded

environment• Open MoM suitable for antenna problems; some class of

antennas can be handled by boxed MoM by using absorbing boundaries, but with restrictions

• in Open MoM planar aspect ratio is less critical in determining the computational time Unlike other Boxed MoMs, EM3DS does not impose any grid to

be used when entering a geometry

A summary about other popular solversA summary about other popular solvers

Software FrD TD MoM FD FEM TLM Boxed OpenEM3DS x x xEm Sonnet x x xIE3D Zeland x x xEmSight AWR x x xHFSS Ansoft x x xMomentum x x xMeFiSto x x xMicrowaveStudio CST

x x x

Microstripes x x x

EM3DS is the only MoM using volume currents (A/m2) to define conductors in 3D mode; the other MoM use surface currents (A/m)

EM3DS main featuresEM3DS main features

• Parametric geometries and materials (the latter also frequency-dependent)• Full-wave optimizer• tuner• Specialized for planar and quasi-planar layered structures, is also able to

model Dielectric Resonators, dielectric discontinuities, thick metals, and active FET devices by using volume currents

• Includes 2.5D and 3D EM solvers with one click mode of operation change

• First EM software to include modeling of piezo-electric bulk acoustic wave resonators (FBAR; coupled EM/acoustic modeling)

• Includes a broad-band Spice-model extractor

• Antenna charts (polar plots, far field 2D and 3D view)

EM3DS 2007

EM3DS 2007

EM3DS main featuresEM3DS main features• Metal enclosure (shielded structures), absorbing boundaries (antennas) and magnetic walls

(symmetry problems)

• Script Engine (Pascal) for full customization of EM3DS

• Internal ports (both planar and via): suitable for package modeling

• Differential Ports

• Several new calibration techniques

• SmartFIT, an adaptive frequency selection algorithm: response on 50-500 frequency points available from the analysis of 5-10 frequencies

• Asymptotic Evaluation: fast wide-band analysis

• Import/Export geometry in GDSII/DXF/BMP formats

• Seamlessly integrated in the AWR’ MW Office

EM3DS 2007

EM3DS 2007

EM3DS 2007

EM3DS main featuresEM3DS main features

• Handles external files in Touchstone format

• Includes a set of powerful pre- and post-processing tools in order to edit, visualize geometry and current distributions in 2D and in 3D, to animate, to create AVI and GIF movies, plot S/Z/Y/Antenna parameters in rectangular and Smith’ charts, and much more

• Also included is a linear circuit solver to connect lumped elements to the full-wave analysis

• Floating and node-locked licenses

EM3DS 2007

+ Many existing features improved in EM3DS 2007

Applications supportedApplications supported

RF MEMS Applications Electrostatic switches (parallel/series/capacitive) Resistive switches EM MEMS switches Tunable MEMS capacitors Pacheco switchPhase shifters Inductors FBARS

Microwave/Millimeter/THz wave Applications Multilayer Microstrip, Stripline and Slotline circuits Coplanar Waveguides (CPW)RF and Microwave PackagesThick lossy conductors Dielectric discontinuities (Bricks)2-port (multimode) waveguide components Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits Linear active devicesBAW FiltersElectro optical modulatorsPlanar Antennas Thick/Thin film, LTCC

Applications supportedApplications supported

Packaging Interaction circuit/packagingModel extraction Internal ports

RF Circuits components in RFIDcomponents in Remote controlscomponents in Security/Safety systemscomponents in Health Systems

Software HighlightsSoftware Highlights

Geometry Creation and Meshing• Powerful, easy-to-use builder (group selection, editing, mirroring

etc)• Seamlessly integrated with AWR Microwave Office – (RF circuit

and system simulator): AWR’ customers see EM3DS as an alternative engine

• Powerful GDS II (Data exchange with Coventorware), AutoCAD DXF and BMP import filters

• User defined arbitrary dielectric stacks• Supports lossy conductors and finite thickness geometries• Very efficient Dielectric discontinuities (bricks) handling – no

much comp overhead• Frequency dependent material parameters, entered as

equations• Geometry and materials are parametric• Parameters can be tuned and optimized• Topographic view and many 3D views updated in real-time


Electromagnetic Solver Features• Fully 3D Method of Moments; works also in 2.5D mode• Proprietary Asymptotic estimator for reduced computation time (most

info deduced from the 1th freq. Of analysis) • SmartFit: adaptive selection of frequencies for resonant structures • Volume currents used for modeling as opposed to surface currents

approximation• S-, Z-, & Y-parameter computation; group delay; Losses; Q; phase

difference; antenna measurements• Edge, internal, Via Port and differential ports• Full multi-port, multiple coupled line calibration and de-embedding to

edge ports. • Feed port lines parameters (even for multiple asymmetric lines)• handles coupled acoustic/electromagnetic modeling• implements controlled currents (transconductive sources): useful for

active non reciprocal devices• electric and magnetic walls; absorbing boundaries


Post-Processing and Tools• Rectangular and polar charts (Smith’s chart, radiation diagrams)• Several charts to plot volume currents and E-fields: standard surface

plot, surface plot with rendering, contour plot, vector and pseudocolor plot in 3D view

• Calculation and plot of body force as response to magnetostatic field • Animate over time or frequency, and save animation as GIF and AVI• Automatic optimizer (modifies parameters and structure to reach a set of

goals)• Linear circuit solver: connect em solution to other circuits, to lumped

elements etc; implements negative subcircuits for manual calibration• Wide-Band Spice model extractor: if SmartFit was used, it produces an

equivalent circuit perfectly reproducing the em response in the needed frequency band

• Import/export circuit response as Touchstone file (S?P, Z?P, Y?P).• Batch Planner: to run a list of simulations• Symmetry Wizard: to evaluate the response of a symmetric 2N ports

from 2 N-port simulations


Post-Processing and Tools• Pascal Script: customize EM3DS (modify also its menu!), accessing

internal features to handle calculated response, perform analysis and optimization, access variables etc.

• Waveguide calibration tool: to use EM3DS in a class of 2-Port waveguide components

• Multimode-waveguide calibration tool: experimental tool to recover the Generalized Admittance Matrix (GAM) of a waveguide structure, possibly involving planar circuit.

• Differential ports: they can be defined in post-processing, also to existing results or imported data.


Licensing• Node-locked and floating• multiple license: a license server handles requests in a LAN• License server can also run as a transparent service• Direct check for available updates in the MEM Research website

Some features in detailSome features in detail

SmartFIT • Adaptively selects a set of frequency points -in a user-desired band-

where actually the EM simulation is performed• Builds an optimal interpolation, providing the full-band response within

the prescribed accuracy

In this filter the full band response over 300 frequency points (green curve) is predicted after adaptively evaluating only 8 points (red curve)

In this filter the full band response over 300 frequency points (green curve) is predicted after adaptively evaluating only 8 points (red curve)


SmartFIT • Here an example of a High Q Fbar resonator: 200 frequency points

obtained from a mere 7 point calculation• Dielectric resonators also strongly take advantage from this approach

(easier to find the in-band peak)


Optimizer

Select which parameter

Select which parameter

Select goal(s)Select goal(s)

Select @ frequenciesSelect @ frequencies

Then RUNThen RUN


Optimizer• Example: An interdigital microstrip filter, initially de-tuned, is

automatically tuned by the optimizer


Tuner

or Tune it!or Tune it!


Spice model extractor• Extracts a lumped equivalent circuit, that mimics the EM response all

over the band, regardless the electrical length of the circuit• This example shows an FBAR resonator: the graph compares the full-

wave and the spice model responses


Coupled Acoustic modeling

Enter Mechanical Specifications for the dielectric/metal Stack

Enter Mechanical Specifications for the dielectric/metal Stack

Create a variable to link EM and acoustic models

Create a variable to link EM and acoustic models


Coupled Acoustic modeling• Example: filter in Agilent duplexer; comparison with measured data


Pascal Script• Powerful OOP compiler to customize EM3DS


Thick Metals

How 2.5D tools does handle thick metals?

A number of “sheets” with only horizontal

currents and a number of vias with only vertical currents

2.5D Model EM3DS Model

In EM3DS, 3D mode, any conductor has all current components at the same time; conductors may be sliced with slices having

finite thickness


Thick Metals• Benchmark: thick stripline, whose analytical solution is known

(Zo=30.887); neglecting thickness induces 25% error!

1 mm

0.5 mm

EM3DS achieves<0.8% with only 3 “slices” (mesh over thickness)!


Thick Dielectric discontinuities• Ability to model dielectric resonators• e.g.: 1 slice (very quick!) gave 5% difference in resonant frequency

with respect to HFSS; 3 slices provided 3%• Excellent trade-off speed/accuracy to simulate planar structures with

DR (typical application: tunable DRO)


Antennas• Far field charts and plots (below a circular polarized patch)

fields currents radiation pattern


Controlled sources• Modeling of a pHEMT Litton Lp7512

they can model the channel current in a FET: see the example

gateDepleted layer=“Control layer”

“control plane”: where the control

voltage is calculated

Channel

Controlled source…Id


Internal ports• can be used to model e.g. packaging or to excite antennas (e.g

dipole)

SC70 Printed Yagi Uda


Magnetic walls/symmetry planes• Enclosure walls can be perfect electric conductor (PEC), magnetic

conductor (PMC) and absorbing boundaries. PMC useful for symmetric structures. Absorbing boundaries for antennasPMC for symmetric

structurePMC for symmetric

structure


MEMS applications

Pacheco switch Mumps capacitor Inductor

At a GlanceAt a Glance

Editor view

ConcludingConcluding

Pricing:• lowest in the EM market• affordable also for small companies and institutions• discounted prices for Universities and qualified no-profit

organizations• discount for numbersTesting:• download the full version; trial time of 30 days;

www.memresearch.com• download the free limited versions• for additional information contact [email protected]

Documents

EM3DS 2007 . What is EM3DS EM3DS is a very efficient 3D High Frequency Electromagnetic simulator for structures involving multilayer