Els Grammar Book -Answer Key

8/20/2019 Els Grammar Book -Answer Key

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EXERCISE l1.are...doing/am tasting/has 2.do...know/is talking/don't recognie/s!""ose S.are...whis"ering/isslee"ing/am tr#ing/is...slee"ing/don't think/are $.are...taking/isn't raining/alwa#s take/ne%errains/ne%er know &.works/relies/"a#s/"ro%ides/is !ilding (.look/takes/doesn't resemle ).are

rising/are e%en considering *.is weighing/is tr#ing +.weighs/seems/alwa#s wears l,.look/don'tsmell 11.are arri%ing/is still wra""ing 12.is listening/a- itting IS.doesn't taste 1$.is getting/israising 1&0eels 10look 3are looking4/ho"e/am thinking 1).is eeling 1*.are...sniing/amtr#ing/are wearing/smells 1+.looks/doesn't eel 25.are end!ring 21.is seeing22.do...think/ha%e/see

EXERCISE 21.o!nd 2.arose S.o!nded $.raised S.laid .gro!nded ).risen S.sawn 6.wo!nd l,.hanged11.allen 12.set 17.wo!nded 1$.h!ng IS.o!nded 1.gro!nd 1).1aid 1*.la#/saw 1+0raised25.ell 21.o!nd 22.aro!sed 27.rose 2$.sat 2&.arose

EXERCISE 7l.ke"t 2.arose S.cre"t $.orga%e S.la# (.held ).orade 3orid4 S.laid +.hid l,.ell 11.d!g12.elt 170s"rang 1$.ed IS.slid

EXERCISE $1.o!ght 2.threw S.rode $.o!nd S.roe .et ).tore S.grew +.ore l,.shed ll.let 12.ate170dealt 1$.so!ght IS.wo!nd -

EXERCISE &1.orecast 2.mislaid 7.lew $.!rst S.cost (.drew ).shook S.led +.roadcast l,.mistookll.chose 12.gro!nd IS.lit 3lighted4 1$.ent IS.led

EXERCISE l.rang 2.1ost 7.wore $.h!rt S.h!ng .withdrew ).shrank S.shone +.s"!n l,.rose 11.orgot

12.it 17.sold 1$.wo%e IS.!ndertook

EXERCISE )1.climed 2.saw 7.swore $.o!ght S."la#ed .missed ).sli""ed S.elled +.led l,.str!ck11.sawed 12.swe"t 17.ell 1$.attended 1&.89 9

EXERCISES1.let/was raining 2. contin!ed/was dri%ing 7.arri%ed/was still raining $.was going 3went4/saw/waso%ertaking/3was4 coming/ste""ed/swer%ed/arel# a%oided S.was ha%ing/"honed .washa%ing/"honed ).was/had/wore S.was tr#ing/was "la#ing +.:ogged/got l,.was :ogging/met11.saw/sto""ed/got o!t 12.saw/was dri%ing IS.were dri%ing/hit 1$.did...t!rn/was distractingIS.was taking 3took4/!rst/had to 1.heard/were coming/knew/had 1).was still hiding/rang/took1*.shot/shook/ell 1+.were sitting 3sat4/anno!nced 25.seemed/told/were lea%ing/s!lked 21.was

"o!ring/s"illed 22.were looking

EXERCISE +1.hasn't "assed 2.ollowed/didn't elie%e S.has s"oken/hasn't had $.started/worried/hasmade/ha%e s!sided S.has een/rained .hasn't got/hasn't started ). read/was/were/ne%ertook/didn't reall# a""reciate S.ha%e roken +.met/ha%e orgotten l,.learnt/ha%en't had 11.ha%e

een/were/didn't hear/:!st o%ersle"t 12.ha%e oten dreamt 17.merged/ha%e shown 1$.ha%en't een IS.had/didn't come 1.ha%e seen 1).has done/got/ha%e ne%er met IS.ha%e had/ha%egot/end!red/o!ght 1+.o"ened/ha%e oser%ed/has almost do!led/has ca!sed 25.has een/were21.ha%e ne%er tried 22.sold/has e%er raised 27.took/ha%e a""eared 2$.has eaten/eat 2&.has

elie%ed/knew/inished



EXERCISE 151.has een snowing/ha%e...:!st noticed/ha%e ne%er seen/ha%e seen 2.ha%e een dri%ing/ha%e dri%e.S.has alwa#s wanted $.ha%e een working/ha%e onl# "ainted S.has recei%ed .has eenworking/ha%e alread# changed/has een ).has een leaking/ha%en't een ale to S.has :!st i;ed+.ha%e een s!ering l,.<a%e...een working 11.ha%e re"aired 12.ha%e een killing/has lastedIS.ha%e shr!nk/ha%e onl# had 1$.ha%e een cho""ing IS.has een learning/hasn't had 1.has

oered/ha%e een e;"ecting 1).ha%e tho!ght/ha%e een working 3ha%e worked4 IS.ha%e eenre%ising/ha%en't e%en gone 1+.<a%e...een cr#ing/ha%e een "eeling 25.ha%e een r!nning/ha%egained 21.ha%e een wanting/ha%e resisted 22.ha%e recei%ed/ha%e een considering/ha%e chosen27.ha%e een considering/has een tr#ing 2$.ha%e een !rning/ha%e reached 2&.ha%e eendrinking/ha%e onl# had

EXERCISE 111.<a%e...e%er seen/saw/went 2.o!nd/saw/was hiding S.has een "romising/e%en sent/hasha""ened $.were ha%ing/mo%ed /ha%e held S.has een man!act!ring/"rod!ced/contri!ted.o!ght/ha%e now dri%en/has onl# e%er roken ).has een la!ghing/told S.onl# "!t/ha%e alread#had +.<a%e...read/did/was tra%elling l,.ha%e let 3ha%e een lea%ing4/has een increasing 3hasincreased4 ll.wasn't "a#ing/ga%e/didn't realie/got/has een 12. started/has alwa#s

"reerred/had/dro%e/was loading/"!lled/has een l#ing 17.won/has ecome 1$.wasdrinking/anno!nced/told/still had/ecame IS.ha%e seen/ha%e %isited 1.saw/were "icnicking/has

een egging 1).had/ha%e een working/ha%e :!st com"leted IS."aid/ha%e changed1+.ca!ght/were ishing/has een oasting 25.was talking/came/started/ha%e een talking/has

"honed

EXERCISE 121.since 2.or S.or $.slnce S.or 0since ).since S.since +.or l,.or 11.or 12.or IS.since1$.since IS.since 1.since 1).or IS.since 1+.since 25.since

EXERCISE 171.seems/has stailied/think/see 2.has s!ered3has een s!ering4/don't !nderstand/alsiied 3wasalsi#ing4/a""eared S.ha%e :!st inished/looks/ha%e een working/ha%en't had $.has...eendoing/has een amiliariing/has !ll# mastered S.colla"sed/were working/called/didn't get .wassailing/3was4 drinking/3was4 en:o#ing/don't think/ha%en't een ).has alwa#s resented/has eengetting S.got/intensiied +.tr# 3are tr#ing4/clings l,.are wearing/did...!#/ha%e onl# had 11.don't

want/ha%e :!st washed/is 12.o!ght/ha%e een eeling/is IS.was sawing/accidentall# c!t/has een leeding 1$.ha%e :!st written/com"lained/didn't send IS.look/<a%e...changed 1.ha%en'ts"oken/ho"e/aren't worr#ing 1).didn't know/tastes IS.is gi%ing/=o...eel 1+.is talking/ha%e eentr#ing 25.egan 3was eginning4/went/had to 21.ha%en't arri%ed 22.still ha%e/are attem"ting27.>re...still mowing/ha%en't een mowing/saw/took/didn't start/e;"lains 2$.raise/isn'tworking/ha%e een dri%ing 2&.generall# "la#s/is/s!stained/is still tro!ling

EXERCISE 1$l.warned/had alread# got inected 2.took/were/had ne%er een S.got/o"ened $. asked/ga%e/hadne%er had S.oered/acce"ted/considered (.had/didn't know/started/hadst!died/im"ro%ed/ended/had learnt/hel"ed/"assed/once again conirmed 3had once againconirmed4 ).saw/was/decided S.had closed/got/went +.had alread# e;"lained/still wanted l,.hadne%er eha%ed/decided 11.had scarcel# inished/a""eared 12.recognied/hadn't seen/was IS.hadn'tarri%ed/had to 1$.s"oke/still hadn't made 1&.had got 3got4/realied/had lost1.s!r"rised/re!sed/didn't know/had gi%en !"

EXERCISE 1&l.has onl# known/has alread# agreed 2.had anno!nced/had een S.has onl# een $.had ne%erwalked S.had alread# made !" (.had read ).had all drowned S.hasn't acted +.hadn't actedl,.ha%e gi%en

EXERCISE 1l.had een dri%ing 2.were tra%elling S.was hanging $.were chatting/was working S.had een going.had alread# een taking ).had een strolling S.was sewing +.had een lashing l,.had eenmaking

~. I?k w*m t



EXERCISE 1)1.ha%e een working/ha%e "rod!ced 2.had een working/had "rod!ced S.ha%e :!st arranged/ha%ealread# made $.has een/has een tr#ing S.had een looking/ha%e een .ha%e reall# een

"ainting ).had een co!nting/had een acking S.ha%e conirmed +.had een smoking l,.hadremo%ed 11.ha%e :!st sold 12.ha%e checked/3ha%e4 !"dated IS.has een working 3has worked41$.ha%e een monitoring/ha%e anno!nced IS.had een "lanning/had made

EXERCISE 1*1.s"lit/has een cr#ing 2.was h!rr#ing/tri""ed/twisted 7.r!shed/had :!st itten $.a""lied/stil lha%en't heard &.wears/is wearing/are mo%ing 3or wears/wore/mo%ed 3were mo%ing44 .met/had

een working/saw/hardl# recognied ).is getting/reg!larl# com"lain/don't seem *.wereo"erating/were "acing 3o"erated/"aced4 +.ha%e een rowning 15.1s going 11.hadn't inormed3didn't inorm4 12.has onl# :!st arri%ed/start IS.has een looking/has come 1$.did...lasthear/ha%en't heard 1&.take/were/saw/were eeding/were :!m"ing/is taking/wants 1.had :!stinished/were watching/heard/r!shed/o!nd/was/had roken 1).were entering3entered4/whis"ered/had elt 3had een eeling4/rose/:!st m!ttered/sat 1*.1ooked/had e%erseen/ha%e e%er seen 1+.dro""ed 3had dro""ed4/dro""ed/ca!sed/had witnessed 25.ha%eo!nd/checked/were still testing

EXERCISE 1+1.will...get 3are...going to get4/is going to dri%e 2.will do 7.am going to !#/will get $.is going to aint

S.will do . am going to re"air ).is going to all 3will all4 *. are going to get/are going to come +.willmake 15.will ha%e/will do

EXERCISE 25I.@e won't e ale to !se the cold ta" in the kitchen !ntil the "l!mer re"laces 3has re"laced4 theleak# "i"e. 2.,nce he has got written conirmation o the :o oer in (erman#A he's going to ook hislight. S.>ter the oard has inter%iewed 3inter%iews4 all the candidatesA the# will anno!nce theres!lts. $.@hen she lea%es schoolA she's going to take a #ear o to go tra%elling. &.Bo!'ll ha%e towash #o!r hands eore #o! eat dinner. .@hile #o!'re getting some more "etrolA I'll !ickl# go to thes!"ermarket. ).The !s won't lea%e !ntil all the "assengers ha%e got 3get4 on oard. S.>ter he hascom"leted 3com"letes4 his a""renticeshi"A he's going to set !" his own !siness. +.@hile #o!'rewashing !" 3wash !"4A I'll tele"hone the cinema to see what time the ilm starts. 15.>s soon as Icome ack rom holida#A I'll start a diet.

EXERCISE 21l.will not commence/arri%e 3ha%e arri%ed4 2.will close 7.won't reser%e/are $.will check S.settles3has settled4/will take .won't e/see ).will contain/is *0won't let/come 3ha%e come4/onl# allow+.amiliaries 3has amiliaried4/will e l,.won't e ale/check 3ha%e checked4

EXERCISE 22l.will e "la#ing 2.will e dri%ing/will e sailing/will e eeling S.ha%e im"ro%ed 3im"ro%e4/will ha%eto $.will ne%er learn/will e whiing S.will see 3will e seeing4 .will dro"/don't ha%e 3won't ha%e4).get 3ha%e got4/will "ro%ide/will need 3need4 S.will e "erorming +.will e working/will e workingl,.ha%e !ndergone 3!ndergo4/won't other ll.won't o"en/ha%e cleaned 3clean4 12.won't e ale/will

e welcoming/will "resent 3will e "resenting4

EXERCISE 27l.will regret/r!n o!t 2. arri%es/will ha%e recei%ed S.will ind/ret!rn/will ha%e recei%ed $. willsomehow manage/reach/will ha%e remo%ed S.will ha%e risen .will "retend/asks )."!t/will ha%e

sa%ed *.rings/will ha%e alread# gone +.will ada"t l,.will ha%e ecome 11.anno!nces/will sa#12.arri%e/will ha%e alread# roken

EXERCISE 2$l.will ha%e sold 2. will e dri%ing/will gi%e 7. will... recognie/will e wearing $. will e waiting/will

"roal# ha%e gone S.will e;"erience/will ha%e settled .will e/will ha%e een tra%elling ).will econgrat!lating S.will ha%e een working/will ha%e !aliied +.will take/will ha%e een soaking/willha%e een l,.will ha%e e;ting!ished 1 l.will e ins"ecting/will ha%e een digging/will makewill emaking4 12.will look

EXERCISE 2&l.!ntil 2.# the time S.!ntil $.D# the time &.Until .!ntil/# the time ).# the time *.!ntil +.D#the time l,.!ntil 11.D# the time 12.Until IS.# the time 1$.!ntil IS.!ntil



EXERCISE 26l.has :!st taken/was/anno!nced/ha%e een/will increase 3will e increasing4 2.were intending 3hadintended4/went/had arranged/c!t/was doing/tried/"!t/was "la#ing/are oth/!s!all# h!rt/are

"la#ing/were sitting/heard/h!rried/had ha""ened/had thrown/had hit/was trickling/nearl# ainted/saw/took S.ha%e een/doesn't know/knew/seem/were wearing/are wearing/is ca!sing3hasca!sed4 3has een ca!sing4/will ace3are going to ace4 $.ha%e alwa#s eenaraid/was/hear/immediatel# "!t/don't know S.has e;"erienced/is/will e;"eriencewill e

e;"eriencing4 (.hadn't een slee"ing/went ).is going to e;change/will regret 3will e regretting/isgoing to regret4 S.was laing/came/took +.will ha%e e;"anded l,.has t!rned/will snow3is going tosnow4 11.is losing/will ha%e lost 12.will e makingwill make4/will ha%e een sitting 3will ha%e sat417.last looked/had not #et commenced 1$.immediatel# rang/reached/were alread# waiting 1&.ise;"ecting/am/will ha%e had 1.ha%e een hiking/still ha%e/:oin/will ha%e een walking1).store/ottle/has ermented 3has een ermenting4 IS.will not ignoream not going to ignore4/willsa#/treats 1+.had onl# een dri%ing/ailed/was coming/had/sto""ed 25.were talking/don'tthink/ha%e seen 21.has had/went/ca!ght/is s!ering/has een co!ghing/so!nds/will get3is goingto get4 22.has recentl# designed/r!ns/thinks/will e dri%ing

EXERCISE 2)l.has een 2.hasn't rained 7.is s!ering $.will onl# last 3is onl# going to last4 &.is .are kee"ing3kee"4 ).are storing 3ha%e een storing/ha%e stored4 *.are !sing +.is 15.aces 11.has de%elo"ed3de%elo"s4 12.called 17.said 1$.ha%e ID.were l#ing 1.anno!nced 1).don't see 3ha%en't seen4

EXERCISE 2*1.arri%ed 3had arri%ed4 2.was o"ening 3o"ened4 7.a""roached $.asked S.was lighting 3lit4 .s!ddenl#held ).o%er"owered S.tried +."!shed 15.dro%e o 11.ga%e 12.1ost 17.woke !" 1$.was l#ingIS.told 3were telling4 1.o!nd 1).had een working 1*.oered 1+."romised 25.threatened 21.ga%e22.was eeling 3elt4 27.:!st la# 2$.ell 2&.ha""ened 2.had een slee"ing 2).woke 2*[email protected];c!se S,.don't eel 3am not eeling4

EXERCISE 2+I4 1.in%ented 2.made 3had een making4 S.weren't $.named S.inhaited .designed ).comes*.had gained +.ceased 3had ceased4 15."rod!ces 11.is 12.ears 17.does not !rst 1$.s"endsEt4 a4resin 4adhesi%e c:water"roo d4inhait e4staggering :cease g:de%ote h4"lant e!i%alent :4ear k4shel0lie "ro%iding m4!rst r,collecti%el#I<4 l.= 2.E 7.DI4 1.e!i%alent 2.!rst 70water"roo $.de%oted S."ro%iding

EXERCISE 75I4 l.was 2.ha%e !rst 7.rose $.still stands &.is 0escalated ).has "rom"ted 3has een "rom"ting4S.has res!lted +.ha%e made 15.act!all# ha""ens 11.de%elo"ed 3has de%elo"ed/de%elo"s412.contin!e 3are contin!ing/ha%e contin!ed4 170claimsF4 a4%irt!all# 4!ntreatale c4com"anion d4escalate e:relati%e losc!rit# gl"rominence h:"rom"tI:road0ranging GGdramatic kheralded IGincidence<I4 l.C 2.= 7.>I4 1.com"anion 2.%irt!all# S.dramatic $."rom"ted S.relati%e

EXERCISE 71I4 l.has elt 2.was 7.has created $.has !rther strengthened S.also de%elo"ed .has de%oted).inished 3had inished4 S.organied +.went l,.ecamehad ecome4 11.inall# took 12.egan17.has %isited 1$.has crossedF4 a4intense 4s"ell 3attraction4 c4!nshakeale d4!rther e4solitar# adolescence g:"assion h4re"tilesi4am"hiians ::a""arentl# k:ine;ha!stile l4enth!siasm m:stir !"=i4 l.C 2.D 7.E

I4 1.!rther 2.solitar# 7."assion $.a""arentl# S.intenseEXERCISE 32I4 l.ha%e een 2.ha%e een li%ing 3ha%e li%ed4 S.means $.1i%ed S.ecame .intr!ded 3had intr!ded4).do!ted S.had alwa#s li%ed +.had o!nd l,.is 11.came 12.had een li%ing 3had li%ed4 17.set1$.were IS.had not encroached I(.still e;ist 1).1i%e IS.ha%e s!cceeded 1+.li%e 25.were 21.ha%ealmost eliminated 22.now resemle 27.!seF4 a4mass 4isolated c4e;istence d4intr!de e4territor# :remote g4ancestor h:hemis"here i4a""arentl#

:4millennia k:interior l4"reser%e m4"rimiti%e n:intererence o4distinct "4assimilation :intermarriager4 eliminate s4resemleI<4 l.E 2.D 7.>I4 1.distinct 2.resemles S.assimilated $.interior S."reser%e



UNIT 2

EXERCISE 11.i I sat 2.re"eating 7.i I switched/switching $.i I didn't :oin S.lending .i I orrowed ).notsmoking *.i I sto""ed/sto""ing +.i I ke"t l,.i I ski""ed

EXERCISE 2 3Sam"le answers41.Co!ld #o! tell me where the "ost oice isH/@o!ld #o! mind telling me the wa# to the "ost oiceH2.@o!ld #o! mind i I !sed #o!r "honeH/Co!ld I "ossil# !se #o!r "honeH 7.@o!ld an#one mind i IsmokedH/a# I smokeH $.@o!ld #o! mind i I orrowed that ookH/Co!ld I "ossil# orrow that

ookH S.Co!ld I/Can I o"en the windowH/@o!ld an#one mind i I o"ened the windowH 0Co!ld #o! "ossil# gi%e me a handH/Can #o! me a handH ).@o!ld #o! mind i I ate m# l!nch while #o!e;"lainH/Co!ld I kee" eating while #o! e;"lainH *.1 wonder i #o! co!ld tell me where the ankis./@o!ld it e "ossile or #o! to tell me how to ind the ankH +.@o!ld it e oka# i I went on theskiing tri"H/=o #o! think I co!ld go on the skiing tri"H 15.@o!ld #o! mind i I dro%e it a littleirstH/=o #o! think I co!ld dri%e it aro!nd a little irstH

EXERCISES1.needn't/m!stn't 2.m!stn't S.m!stn't $.don't ha%e to 3don't need to/needn't4 S.needn't 3don't

ha%e to/don't need to4 0m!stn't ).don't ha%e to 3don't need to/needn't4 S.don't ha%e to 3don't needto/needn't4 6.m!stn't l,.m!stn't

EXERCISE $1.don't ha%e to 3don't need to/needn't4 2.m!st 3ha%e to4 S.m!st 3ha%e to4 $.had to S.m!st 3ha%e to4.doesn't ha%e to 3doesn't need to/needn't4 ).ha%e to S.m!stn't 6.m!stn't l,.doesn't ha%e to11.don't ha%e to 3don't need to/needn't4 12.don't ha%e to IS.m!st 1$.don't ha%e to 3don't needto/needn't4/m!st 3ha%e to4 IS.m!stn't

EXERCISE &1.didn't need to !# 3didn't ha%e to !#4 2.didn't need to write 3didn't ha%e to write4 S.needn't ha%ecalled $.needn't ha%e "re"ared S.didn't need to alter 3didn't ha%e to alter4 .needn't ha%e watered).didn't need to water 3didn't ha%e to water4 S.didn't need to hire 3didn't ha%e to hire4 6.needn't ha%e

o!ght 15.needn't ha%e o!ght

EXERCISE 1.needn't 2.sho!ldn't S.sho!ldn't $.needn't/sho!ldn't S.needn't .needn' t ).sho!ldn't S.needn't6.sho!ldn't l,.sho!ldn't

EXERCISEH1.sho!ld ha%e tried 2.sho!ldn't discriminate/sho!ld treat S.sho!ld e re%ising $.sho!ldn't ha%escolded S.sho!ldn't ha%e een talking .sho!ld e dri%ing ).sho!ldn't e;"ect S.sho!ld let+.sho!ldn't ha%e o!ght 15.sho!ld ha%e een wearing 11.sho!ld e writing 12.sho!ldn'tsettle/sho!ld argain IS.sho!ldn't ha%e een dri%ing 1$.sho!ld ha%e let IS.sho!ld ha%e%isited/sho!ldn't ha%e een going

EXERCISESl.Bo!'re s!""osed to read the instr!ctions irst. 2.Bo! were s!""osed to read the instr!ctions irst.S.Bo! were s!""osed to come straight home./Bo! weren't s!""osed to go to the cinema. $.Bo! aren'ts!""osed to wear 3to e wearing4 make0!" in school. S.Bo! were s!""osed to sh!t the windows..Bo! were s!""osed to "hone me./Bo! weren't s!""osed to lea%e work witho!t "honing me. ).Bo!aren't s!""osed to smoke here. S.Bo! aren't s!""osed to eed 3to e eeding4 the animals. +.Bo!weren't s!""osed to make an# noise. 15.Bo! weren't s!""osed to take it witho!t eating somethingirst./Bo! were s!""osed to eat something eore taking it.

EXERCISE +1.co!ld swim 2.was ale to S.co!ld $.were ale to S.co!ld (.was ale to ).were ale to S.co!ldhear +.co!ld go l,.were ale to





EXERCISE $1.Is that dictionar# eing !sedH 2.@hich machines are eing ins"ected toda#H S.<ow man# s"ecieso monke# are ke"t hereH $.<as o!r r!ish een collectedH &.@ho was inter%iewed # the manager#esterda#H .D# whom were the a""licants inter%iewed #esterda#H 3@ho/whom were the a""licantsinter%iewed # #esterda#H4 ).@hat has een agreed !"onH *.1s all the r!it going to e gatheredtoda#H +.@hat is going to e doneH l,.D# whom is #o!r translation work doneH 3@ho/whom is #o!r

translation work done #H4 ll.@ho was inl!enced # Sall# at the meetingH 12.D# whom was Sall#'sdecision inl!enced at the meetingH 3@ho/whom was Sall#'s decision inl!enced # at the meetingH417.>re the windows cleaned reg!larl#H 1$. <ow m!ch wheat is "rod!ced ann!all# in this regionHIS.<as the crossword een done #etH

EXERCISE &l.9I wish that in one instant #o! co!ld e told o m# sae arri%alA !t... 2.This sentence was written

# Sam!el orse in a letter to his mother in 1*11A when he was 25. 7.No change $.No change(Cümle passive yapılabilir ama anlam doğal olmaz.) S.<owe%erA he was allowed to go to Kondon tost!d# art in 1*11A ater his work was "raised # (ilert St!art. .@hen Sam!el ret!rned in 1*1&A heo!nd that >mericans were not interested in !#ing "aintings. ).<e realied that %er# little mone#co!ld e earned rom "ainting "ortraits. S.orse was ins"ired to in%ent the telegra"h # a chancecon%ersation while he... +.<e was told # a ellow "assenger ao!t E!ro"ean e;"eriments inelectromagnetism. 15.orse remarkedA 9I the "resence o electricit# can e made %isile in an# "art

o the circ!itA I see no reason wh# intelligence cannot e transmitted # electricit#.9 11.No change12.No change IS.Th!sA #ears o work and st!d# were re!ired or him to "erect his de%ice. 1$.<isdetermination was greatl# admired. IS.<e was gi%en "ractical hel" # the ind!strialist >lred ailA the

"h#sicist Gose"h <enr#A and others. 1.1n 1*7) a "atent was a""lied or on The >mericanElectromagnetic Telegra"h. 1)....or his in%ention !t was met with ail!re there as at home.IS.8inall#A in 1*$7A L75A555 was a""ro"riated # the United States Congress in order to !ild a line...1+.1n a# 1*$$A the irst message was lashed o%er this wire. 25.No change 21.Use was !ickl#o!nd or the telegra"h # news"a"ersA railroadsA and !sinesses. 22.>ter the @estern Union had

een o!nded in 1*&A wires were soon str!ng rom coast to coast. 27.The "rolem had eenworked on # other men o scienceA !t orse's in%ention was the asis o the land telegra"hs#stem. 2$.The code o dots and dashes !sed in sending messages is still known as orse codeA inhono!r o its in%entor. 2&.@hen orse died in 1*)2A on >"ril 2A "!lic memorials were held acrossthe nation.

EXERCISESl.8or more than $555 #earsA this sens!o!s cloth has een created # wea%ers rom the strand o amere worm and it has reigned s!"reme as the !een o arics. 2.No change 7.In the si;th cent!r#Aaccording to legendA a s!""l# o silkworms was ro!ght ack to the em"eror G!stinian # twomonks. $.Silk cloth has een made into man# itemsA s!ch as clothingA ta"estriesA and accessories.S.Traditionall#A "art o a Chinese woman's marriage dowr# was ormed # silk itemsA s!ch as

edco%ers. .!ch0needed work is still "ro%ided # silk "rod!ction in se%eral "oor !t lao!r0richco!ntries. ).Silkworms are raised # more than 15 million armers in China toda#. S.>o!t hal amillion workers are em"lo#ed #3in4 silk aric "rod!ction. +.No change 15.Silkworms are still ed

# the Em"ress o Ga"an on the "alace gro!nds each s"ring. 11.Silk0making lessons are s"onsored # the 6!een o Thailand in her "alace. 12.Silk is e%en !sed or certain com"onents o tennis0racketstringsA l# ishing linesA "arach!tesA and ic#cle tires. 17.Silk has een !sed # s!rgeons to sa%eli%esA as wo!nds are easil# stitched # the ine thread. 1$.> silk kite was !sed # Den:amin 8ranklin

d!ring his amo!s e;"eriments with electricit#. 1&0No change 10Silk ires are triang!larA and solight is relected # them. 1).> "earl# sheen is !ilt !" # la#ers o "roteinA making silk a l!;!rio!sAsens!o!s aric. 1*0Its eelA its lookA and e%en its smell are re:oiced in # designers. 1+.9Dom#;mori9A the most commonl# c!lti%ated silkwormA is raised domesticall# # armersA !t onl# wherethere are m!lerr# lea%es. 25.No change 21.> to!gherA ro!gher silk is "rod!ced # wild silkworms

eca!se the# are more ro!st than their domesticated co!sins. 22.Silk is also "rod!ced in Ga"an...27.Tho!gh "rod!ction techni!es ha%e een mechanied # the Ga"aneseA man# tasks are done #hand in other co!ntries. 2$.1n IndiaA the whole amil# is in%ol%ed in the crat o silk0making. 2&.>n!nceasing trade rom East to @est has alwa#s een enco!raged # the @est's h!nger or silk. 2.Two

"ower!l ci%iliations 0Rome and China 0 were linked # the silk trade ro!te... 2).>ltho!gh silk iswidel# a%ailale toda#A mainl# the rich and amo!s are adorned # silk gowns.



EXERCISEHl.will e awarded a scholarshi" this #ear/will e awarded to ten st!dents this #ear 2.were handed amen!/was handed to !s 7.was sent someone else's ill/was sent to him $.are ser%ed to the

"assengers/are ser%ed light rereshments &.is going to e sent to !s/are going to e sent a catalog!e.were "ro%ided or the %ictims o the earth!ake/were "ro%ided 3with4 tents ).will e told thedecision/will e told to #o! *.were sold !rglar alarms/were sold to old "eo"le

EXERCISESl.was re"orted/occ!rred/was co%ered/arri%ed/had alread# roen3had alread# een roen4/wereresc!ed3ha%e een resc!ed4 2.are mined/are o!nd S.has een rehearsed/will 3is going to4 e

"erormed $.was tho!ght/disa""ointed S.has een disco%ered/is eing c!t down/ear/will e made.ell/led/were made/were killed/died/had not een !ilt3were not !ilt4 ).were resc!ed/hit3had hit4S.has een shown +.was whis"ered/had whis"ered l,.is e;"osed 11.isheld/starts/lasts/walk/r!n/is allowed/is reerred 3has een reerred4 12.ha%e :!st een gi%en/ha%edialled IS.had een discardedwere discarded4/leaked/ca!sed/has since een declared1$.<as...een told 1&.@ill 3Can4...tell

EXERCISE +l.e enco!raged 2.disting!ish S.ha%e een re"aired $.s"eak/e translated &.e sold (.ha%e een

damagede damaged4/e seen ).e worn *.ind/ha%e een thrown +.e made/e washed 15.erelied/ha%e taken 11.recei%e 12.e learned/e "icked 17.e sent 1$.send3e sending4 1&.e taken

EXERCISE 15l.is locked 2.was locked 7.is sit!ated $.is creased &.was locked .wasn't interested ).ame;ha!sted *.were worried +.was dressed l,.is dented 11.was...crowded 12.isn't ins!red IS.wasanno#ed 1$.is decorated/are all co%ered IS.are still damaged

EXERCISE 11l.rom 2.o 7.with $.to &.with/at3ao!t4 .rom 7.of *.to3with4 +.with 15.to 11.to 12.withIS.with 1$.or IS.against 1.with 1).with 1*0or 1+.on 25.to/in 3with4

EXERCISE 12l.D 2.= 7.D $.> &.E .> ).= *.E +.D 15.E ll.= 12.= 17.C 1$.> 1&.D 1.D 1).= 1*.D1+.> 25.C 21.C 22.D 27.D 2$.E 2&.=

EXERCISE 17l.will get lost 2.got dela#ed S.get de"ressed $.am getting concerned S.gets con!sed (.oten getin%ol%ed ).was getting dressed *.will get "romoted +.alwa#s gets enco!raged l,.got damagedll.gets emarrassed 12.got tired 17.will get etter ac!ainted 1$.are oth getting e;cited IS.aregetting di%orced

EXERCISE 1$l.D 2.C 70= $.> &.C .= ).= *.D +.C 15.E ll.E 12.D 17.= 1$.= 1&.C

EXERCISE 1&1. co!ldn't ha%e een sa%ed/an#one 2.Nothing co!ld e done 70hasn't een o"ened/an#one$.co!ldn't e deci"hered/an#one/nothing co!ld e o!nd o!t S.co!ldn't e diss!aded rom handingin his resignation/an# .Nothing sho!ld e let !nattended ).een told nothing/een told an#thingS.Nothing can e achie%ed +.hasn't een li%ed l,.Nothing has een done #et

EXERCISE 11.likes eing gi%en 2.want/to e "!lled down S.hate eing cheated $.e;"ects/to e handed/aree;"ected to hand S.are not a!thoried to e signed/is a!thoried to sign com"an# che!es .wo!ld

"reer her to e accom"anied ).dislike eing interr!"ted S.need to e "rod!ced +.is not "ermittedto e taken l,.asked the com"an# to e considered



EXERCISE 1)1.is elie%ed that the whale "ossesses/is elie%ed to "ossess 2.was elie%ed # "eo"le long ago thats!"ernat!ral s"irits controlled/were elie%ed # "eo"le long ago to control S.was !nderstood thatthe two men had een hel"ed/were !nderstood to ha%e een hel"ed $.is s!""osed that he haslet/is s!""osed to ha%e let &.is ass!med that he is li%ing/is ass!med to e li%ing .was allegedthat he had made/was alleged to ha%e made ).is estimated that he lost/is estimated to ha%e lost

S.was oser%ed that the iremen were ha%ing/were oser%ed to e ha%ing +.is ass!med that theco!"le were arg!ing/are ass!med to ha%e een arg!ing l,.is re"orted that i%e tho!sand homeswere destro#ed/are re"orted to ha%e een destro#ed ll.itA e;"ected that the com"an# will sell/ise;"ected to sell 12.is acknowledged # critics that his latest ook is/is acknowledged # critics to eIS.s said that he was/is said to ha%e een 1$.was known that he was/was known to e

EXERCISE 1*a4 l.was orn 2.was S.ecame $.was s"ent S.seldom saw .was ro!ght ).1o%ed S.ga%e 3hadgi%en4 +.ecame l,.accom"anied ll.had 12.was done IS.met 1$.reasoned 1&.e made 1.hadantici"ated 1).had "ermitted 1*.were eing !ilt I6.decided 25.were made 21.ecame 22.led27.was ne%er deeated 2$.was killed 2&.was staed 4 l.C 2.E 7.D

EXERCISE 1+a4 l.is generall# acknowledged 2.were ased 3are ased4 S.%ent!red 3were %ent!ring4 $.is elie%edS.reached .were not nailed ).were stitched S.was made 6.decided l,.agreed 11.co%ered12.s!""lied IS.was !ilt 1$.was sha"ed 3had een sha"ed4 IS.were drilled 3had een drilled41.were !sed 3had een !sed4 1).was ro!ght 3had een ro!ght4 IS.was made 3had een made41+.was named 25.was la!nched 21.gathered 22.tra%elled 27.set 2$.came 2&.was loaded 2.weresailing 2).had gi%en 3ga%e4 2*.contin!ed 2+.arri%ed S,.had co%ered

4 l.E 2.E 7.C

EXERCISE 25a4 l.is 2.starts 7.is characteried $.dis"la# S.egan .dis"la#ed ).was *.is +.was knownl,.decided 11.co!ld e done 12.egan IS.means 3meant4 1$.was done IS.was then workingle.com"leted 1).won IS.ecame 1+.had "re%io!sl# een tho!ght 3was "re%io!sl# tho!ght4 25.wasgranted 21.!rther de%elo"ed 22.has re!entl# een attri!ted 4 l.C 2.> 7.=

EXERCISE 21a4 l.is sit!ated 2.was !ilt S.was com"leted 3had een com"leted4 $.ecame S.were !ilt .ser%ed).egan *. saw 3had seen4 +.was o!traged 15.was thrown 11.hired 12.had designed 170!ilt 3had

!ilt4 1$.were cleared IS.started 3was started4 1.were in%ol%ed 1).was com"leted 3had eencom"leted4 IS.co!ld accommodate 1+.was com"leted 25.were reno%ated 21.had een damaged3were damaged4 22.were restored 27.is %isited 2$.are onl# admitted 2&.ser%e

4 l.= 2.D 7.C

EXERCISE 22a4 l.ha%e een 2.was de%oted 7.won $.was orn S.ga%e .managed ).egan *0grew +.%isited15.was gi%en 11."reerred 12.was enco!raged 3had een enco!raged4 17.elie%ed 1$.were acce"tedIS.awarded 1.marked 1).recei%ed IS.was e%en made 1+.had een awarded 25.!ndertook 21.isconsidered 22.is now dis"la#ed 27.are de"icted 2$.had e%er een "ainted

4 l.E 2.> 70=

UNTT$

EXERCISE 11.rings/can "la# 2.ro!ght/co!ld "la# S.had ro!ght/co!ld ha%e "la#ed $.gi%e/won't resignS.ga%e/wo!ldn't resign .had gi%en/wo!ldn't ha%e resigned ).co!ld ha%e a%oided/hadn't eendri%ing *. were/wo!ldn't e +.wo!ldn't contri!te/didn't consider l,.re!ire/will contactll.wo!ldn't e lea%ing 3wo!ldn't lea%e4/liked 12.had o!nd/wo!ldn't ha%e s!ered IS.wo!ld ha%eto/were 1$.had learnt/wo!ld ha%e made IS.is/will lea%e



EXERCISE 21.don't like/won't in%ite/won't in%ite/don't like 2.died/wasn't taken to the hos"italimmediatel#/wasn't taken to the hos"ital immediatel#/died 70didn't gi%e/co!ldn't ind/didn'tgi%e/co!ldn't ind $.aren't taking/is &.was talking/wasn't ale to !nderstand (.ma# 3might4s!cceed/will e ).am l#ing/is reall# h!rting *.told/swam +.am tr#ing/can aord l,.can'tring/don't know

EXERCISE 71.see/will ask 2.wo!ldn't ha%e ailed/had worked S.wo!ldn't ha%e had/had een dri%ing $.wo!ldmake/weren't &.wo!ld attend/didn't work 3wasn't working4 .had :oined/wo!ldn't ha%e got).were/wo!ldn't s"end S.doesn't im"ro%e/will ha%e to +.wo!ld like/had l,.wo!ld ha%e en:o#ed/hadhad 11. wo!ld like/had 12.hadn't resisted/might not ha%e killed 17.hadn't chosen/wo!ld ha%e eensitting/might ha%e een in:!red 1$.don't ha%e/can do IS.were/wo!ld e

EXERCISE $l.C 2.> 7.> $.D &.C .= ).C *.> +.E 15.> 11.D 12.D 17.E 1$.= 1&.= 1.> 1).D 1*.E1+.C 25.= 21.> 22.= 27.C 2$.E 2&.> 2.E 2).D 2*.C 2+.> 75.E

EXERCISE &I.Bo! will ne%er get it !nless #o! e;ercise reg!larl#. 2.Unless #o! know what #o!'re talking ao!tA#o!'d etter kee" !iet. 7.Unless #o! change #o!r attit!deA I'll sto" eing riends with #o!. $.Theangr# mother warned her children that !nless the# ate their green eansA the# wo!ldn't e gettingan# dessert. S.She co!ldn't ha%e got the lead role !nless she had im"ressed the :!dges. .=on'tinterr!"t me while I'm working !nless it is asol!tel# necessar#.

EXERCISE I.She will take a "ostgrad!ate co!rse at !ni%ersit# e%en i she doesn't get a scholarshi". 2.<e didn'twrite to meA !t e%en i he hadA I wo!ldn't ha%e made an eort to get in to!ch. 7.@e ha%e to "a# therent toda# e%en i it lea%es !s short o cash. $.E%en i the# are !nale to come to the "art#A wesho!ld still in%ite them. S.The# didn't oer him a com"an# carA !t e%en i the# hadA he wo!ld stillha%e !it. .E%en i #o! a"ologie a tho!sand timesA he will ne%er orgi%e #o!.

EXERCISEHl.I 2.!nless 7.i $.i S.!nless (.i ).!nless *.i +.!nless l,.!nless

EXERCISE *l.in case 2.in case 3.if 4.in case S.If 6.1f 7.1n case 8.if 9.if lO.in case

EXERCISE +I.I wo!ldn't ha%e to attend tomorrow's meeting i I'd attended the one last week. 2.1 he wasn't so!n"o"!lar with his colleag!esA he'd ha%e een in%ited on the tri" to Ca""adocia. 7.1 the#'d treatedthe waste "ro"erl#A the North Sea wo!ldn't e so hea%il# "oll!ted now. $. I #o!'d tho!ght ao!t #o!rdecision care!ll#A #o! wo!ldn't e regretting it now. S.I he didn't make so man# sill# mistakesA he'dha%e een gi%en the "romotion he wanted. .1 we'd taken the meat o!t o the reeer eore lea%ingor workA we co!ld ha%e steak or dinner. ).1 m# ather hadn't worked so hard all his lieA hewo!ldn't e ale to aord a "leasant retirement now. S.I he had an# tasteA he wo!ldn't ha%e worn a#ellow shirt and a "!r"le tie to the inter%iew. +.I the !#er or o!r ho!se hadn't changed his mindAwe wo!ldn't still e li%ing here. 15.I she'd let an#one disco!rage herA she wo!ldn't e s!ccess!lnow.

EXERCISE 151. Bo! handed #o!r "ro:ect in lateA and now the teacher is ded!cting i%e "ercent rom #o!r grade.2.Ele"hants are an endangered s"ecies eca!se so man# o them ha%e een killed or their i%or#t!sks. S.<e's not a it reasonale like his atherA so he ca!sed the irm to ecome insol%ent. $.1didn't st!d# hard or the e;amA and now it seems %er# diic!lt to me. S.Bo! are re"rimanding3re"rimand4 #o!r da!ghter or her a!lts all the timeA so she didn't de%elo" 3hasn't de%elo"ed4 a closerelationshi" with #o!. .Kocal "eo"le cam"aigned or two #earsA and now c#clists are ale to !se thisse"arate c#cle "ath. ).The winter snow hasn't thawed com"letel#A so we can't take a dierent ro!tedown into the %alle#. S.Bo! didn't allow #o!r sister to !se #o!r com"!terA and now she's s!lking inher room. +.Deca!se the# ga%e him enco!ragement and o""ort!nitiesA their son made ra"id

"rogress. 15.@e can't take a walk along the coast eca!se the wind is lowing %er# strongl#.

10 Q EL»



EXERCISE 11l.@ere I himA I wo!ldn't s"end so m!ch on one thing. 2.@ere the weather not so cold toda#A wewo!ld s"end the da# o!tside. 7.<ad the skiers not ignored the clearl# "osted a%alanche warningsignsA se%en memers o the gro!" wo!ld still e ali%e. $.@ere it not reall# im"ortant or himA Iwo!ldn't swa" shits with Gamie. &.@ere the railwa# a!thorities to im"ro%e the conditions on longdistance trainsA more "eo"le wo!ld tra%el on them. .Sho!ld #o! not ollow #o!r doctor's ordersA #o!ma# ace !n"leasant side eects. ).@ere the# more interested in their children's achie%ementsA the

children wo!ld tr# harder. S.Sho!ld #o! want an# alterations to the ad%ertisementA "lease contact !s eore the end o the week. +.<ad the ancestors o the 999o nations not o!ghtA there wo!ldn't e s!ch "assionate hostilit# toda# etween the T!rks and the (reeks. l,.<ad the o# sco!ts een gi%en "ro"er s!"er%isionA the accident wo!ldn't ha%e ha""ened. 11.@ere he to take his work moreserio!sl#A his sta might do the same. 12.<ad I known that #o! were in the hos"ital last weekA Iwo!ld ha%e %isited #o!.

EXERCISE 12l.wo!ld e 2.wo!ld ha%e hit S.wo!ld %isit $.hadn't won &. wo!ld ha%e com"leted/wo!ldn't er!nning .wo!ld ha%e gone/didn't ha%e ).don't make S.hadn't een omed +.wo!ld ha%e re!sed15.inish/can lea%e 11.m!st e/wo!ldn't attract 3wo!ldn't e attracting4 12.wo!ldn't e/had eendeeated IS.were led/wo!ld ha%e 1$.wo!ldn't e considering 3wo!ldn't consider4 IS.co!ld ha%e

"la#ed 1.<ad...known/wo!ldn't ha%e oered 1).3Sho!ld...need 1*. wo!ld... do/roke

EXERCISE 17

1.co!ld ha%e een/wo!ld ha%e reall# en:o#ed 2.weren't S.hadn't taken 3wo!ldn't take4 $.wo!ld sto"S.were/wo!ld end (.were 3was4 sittingwas sitting4/drinking/watching ).had tele"honed S.had ro!ght +.wo!ld sto"/wo!ld...like/"!lled l,.hadn't interr!"ted 3hadn't een interr!"ting4 11.co!ldha%e seen 12.had IS.hadn't re:ected 1$.didn't contain 1&.were/co!ld e 1.were 3was4 coming1).were set 3had een set4 IS.wo!ld sto"

EXERCISE 1$l.are aking 2.will e 3is going to e4 S.had ha""ened 3has ha""ened4 $.is going to snow &.weresnowing .had een hit ).didn't elie%e *.were/had 3ha%e4 +.were l,.had climed 11.did 3hasdone/had done4 12.are 17.had een "!nched 1$.had marched 3had een marching4 ID.will notha%e com"leted 1.had een chosen

UNIT &

EXERCISE 1

l.what the "!r"ose o his %isit is 2.where I let m# ke#s S.how long #o! ha%e een learning English$.how she knows m# address &.@h# the# chose him as the new chairman .@hat the# are talkingao!t ).what can e done in this sit!ation S.what #o! can do in this sit!ation +.how man# "eo"leha%e come to the "art# so ar l,.@ho hel"ed him to esca"e rom :ail 11.who she went on holida#with 12.when we will e ale to "ick !" o!r tickets 17. whom the "olice inter%iewed ao!t theincident 1$.whose signat!re this is IS.where the c!stomer ile co!ld e 1.how he co"es with soman# children in the class 1).how long this has een going on 1*.how long it took her to knit thiscardigan 1+.@hen the# will mo%e into their new ho!se 25.whose :acket #o! are wearing

EXERCISE 22.<ow m!ch de"osit do the# re!ireH/how m!ch de"osit the# re!ire S.<ow long is the longest skir!nH/how long the longest ski r!n is $.@hat is tem"erat!re meas!red withH/what tem"erat!re ismeas!red with S.<ow m!ch was raised at the school !nd0raiserH/<ow m!ch was raised at theschool !nd0raiser .<ow oten does >lice come to the oiceH/how oten >lice comes to the oice).<ow did #o! get m# "hone n!merH/how #o! got m# "hone n!mer S.@here did the# s!ddenl#r!n o toH/where the# s!ddenl# ran o to +.<ow long did their holida# lastH/how long their holida#lasted 15.@ho is the man standing ehind o!r literat!re teacherH/who the man standing ehindo!r literat!re teacher is 11.@hose ather is the man talking to the teacherH/whose ather the mantalking to the teacher is 12.@hom3@ho4 did she go to the "art# withH/whom 3who4 she went to the

"art# with IS.@hat are the oreign re"resentati%es going to do ater the meetingH/what the oreignre"resentati%es are going to do ater the meeting 1$.@hen is their golden wedding anni%ersar#

"art#H/when their golden wedding anni%ersar# "art# is 1&0@hich sweater did she end !" !#ingH/which sweater she ended !" !#ing 1.<ow man# "eo"le does she ha%e to look ater a"artrom her sonH/how man# "eo"le she has to look ater a"art rom her son 1).<ow tall is that

!ildingH/how tall that !ilding is 1*0D# whom was 9r!ng Kear9 writtenH 3@ho/@hom was 9r!ngKear9 written #H4/whom 3who4 9Ming Kear9 was written # 1+.@hich one is the est o allH/whichone is the est o all 25.@hose a!lt was it that the "ro:ect wasn't "re"ared in timeH/whose a!lt itwas that the "ro:ect wasn't "re"ared in time



EXERCISE 71.@hether 3or not4 the# can e;"lore the whole !ni%erse someda# 3or not4 2.whether 3or not4 he isen:o#ing his new :o 3or not4 7.i 3whether4 the sho" can deli%er the soa # 8rida# 3or not4 $.i3whether4 it gets %er# cold there in the winter 3or not4 &. @hether 3or not4 the# are going to acce"t theoer on the ho!se 3or not4 .i 3whether4 the# were gi%en eno!gh time to com"lete the "ro:ect 3or not4).@hether 3or not4 he got the "romotion 3or not4 S.whether 3or not4 the# sho!ld a""l# a long time in

ad%ance 3or not4 6.whether 3or not4 he is going to re!est a transer 3or not4 15.@hether 3or not4 shes"oke to the manager toda# 3or not4

EXERCISE $l.what the# were doing in the wareho!se 2.i 3whether4 the in%itations ha%e een sent o!t #etS.which hos"ital the# ha%e taken the in:!red o# to $.<ow man# children the school has in eachclass &.@h# he let the com"an# .i 3whether4 the ilm %ersion o the ook will e s!ccess!l).@hether 3or not4 he has made !" his mind ao!t his ma:or at !ni%ersit# *.who/whom eronicamarried +. i 3whether4 Sarah was at work toda# l,.@hat the# were talking ao!t 11.which car the#

o!ght in the end 12.i 3whether4 he has a %alid e;c!se or not coming to work #esterda# 17.whereshe "icked !" s!ch sill# ideas 1$.i 3whether4 this co!ld e the end o their relationshi" IS.<owm!ch mone# Richard has made with his new !siness

EXERCISE &l.<ow 2.@hat S.<ow m!ch $.@hat on earth 3@hat in the world4 S.<ow .@hat ).<ow m!ch*.@hen on earth 3@hen in the world4 6.<ow on earth 3<ow in the world4 l,.<ow ll.@ho on earth3@ho in the world4 12.@here on earth 3@here in the world4 17.@hat 1$.@h# on earth 3@h# in theworld4 IS.<ow m!ch

EXERCISE 1.whoe%er 2.whome%er 3whoe%er4 7.whiche%er $.whate%er &.@hoe%er .whiche%er ).howe%er*.whene%er (.where%er l,.whene%er 11.where%er 12.whiche%er 17.@home%er 3@hoe%er4 1$.<owe%er 1&. @hate%er

EXERCISEHl.E 2.> 7.> $.= &.= .D ).C *.E +.> 15.C

EXERCISE *l.3that4 she had got his letter :!st as she was getting 3had een getting4 read# to "hone him 2.hedidn't ha%e a cl!e what he was talking ao!t 7.she was ored and there was nothing on T $.that4!t!re generations m!st ind alternati%es to ossil !els &.he had sta#ed in Sa!di >raia or three#earsA so he co!ld s"eak >raic l!entl# .the incident hasn't een re"orted "ro"erl# # thenews"a"ers ).she had let T!rke# two #ears eore S.she had "aid a ort!ne or that lo!se and ithad aded ater :!st one wash +.she had orgotten to "ick !" his s!it rom the dr#0cleaner'sl,.3that4 she is ha%ing a %er# en:o#ale time there 11.3that4 he might e a it late or the meeting thene;t da# 12. 3that4 0we had to 3m!st/wo!ld ha%e to4 start right awa# i we wanted to com"lete o!r term "a"ers in time 17.the# wo!ld "roal# go to the each this week 1$.3that4 she was going tohel" her mother that night IS.3that4 it m!st e %er# diic!lt to li%e in a cold climate 1.he wantedto %iew the ho!se or sale in Castle Road 1).the# e;"ected that ho!se to sell %er# !ickl# IS.in thatcaseA he had to 3wo!ld ha%e to/m!st4 %iew it that da# i that was "ossile 1+.he co!ld %iew it theollowing da# eca!se the owner wo!ld ha%e ro!ght them the ke#s # then 25.he wo!ld meet himo!tside the "ro"ert# with the ke#s at + a.m. i that was con%enient or him . .

EXERCISE +1.i/whether I had seen m# teacher the da# eore 2.i/whether she might !se o!r tele"hone7.i/whether it was raining 3had een raining4 hea%il# when she had let or work $.how man# rolls Iwo!ld like &.i/whether he had o!nd the ook he had een looking or .who is res"onsile ororganiing the meeting ).i/whether she had a good reci"e or chocolate cake S.how long rs. E%anshad een waiting or a re"l# +.who the woman standing ehind me was l,.when I had last checkedthe oil in m# car 11.wh# his wie had aandoned him 12.i/whether #o! are e;"eriencing an# "ain17.i/whether he co!ld tell him how m!ch it cost 1$.which charities are hel"ing with the relie eort1&0how m!ch longer the# were going to "rod!ce cars at a loss



EXERCISE 151.to wait there !ntil I came ack 2.to wash his hands eore he sat at the tale 7.to "!t their to#sawa# ater the# had inished "la#ing with them $.not to acce"t the :o i I considered it to e!n"roitale S.not to make too m!ch noise while the a# was slee"ing .to take good care om#sel while I was awa# ).to ind m#sel a etter :o *.to wear s!nglasses i the s!n was reall#strong +.not to lea%e with the rest o the class/to sta# ehind l,.not to worr#/3to4 e ha""# 11.to

look in his rear %iew mirror eore "!lling o!t 12. to "!t all o!r litter in the ins 17.not to worr#ao!t making grammar mistakes d!ring o"en disc!ssions 1$.not to e;"ect dri%ers to sto" at "edestrian crossings in Rome IS.to em"t# the contents into a c!"A 3to4 add waterA and 3to4 stir well

EXERCISE 111. sho!ted/to sto" talking/said that we had to show some res"ect or o!r ellow classmates2.asked/i 3whether4 I co!ld "ost that letter/he wanted her to recei%e it # the weekend 7.told/thatthe# wo!ld "ro%ide some drawing materials/3that4 it was etter to take o!r own $.told/3that4 the!e!e was too long/the# wo!ld ha%e sold o!t o tickets eore we got to the co!nter &.told/not tolook !" lots o words/3to4 tr# to g!ess the meaning rom the conte;t .asked/wh# she tho!ght his

"lant was d#ing/i 3whether4 it needed more water ). told/3that4 m# hair looked lo%el#/asked/where Ihad got it done *.warned/not to walk ao!t ater dark/it was dangero!s aro!nd the cit# +.told/to

e !iet/asked/what the# were talking ao!t an#wa# 15.told/not to stick their ingers in thecages/the irds sometimes "ecked "eo"le's ingers ll.told/3that4 he didn't ha%e eno!gh cash withhim/asked/i 3whether4 the# acce"ted credit cards 12.told/not to withdraw too m!ch mone# romo!r ank acco!nt/we wo!ldn't e "aid or another co!"le o weeks 17.asked/i 3whether4 I was s!rem# inormation was acc!rate/said/she had ne%er heard o s!ch nonsense 1$.asked/what hetho!ght the "rolem with the car was/i 3whether4 it needed a ser%ice 1&.said/that "en wasn'thers/that she tho!ght it was >lice's

EXERCISE 12 3note- "neither" yerine "nor" da !llanabilirsiniz.)1.neither is 2.neither was 70hadn't either $.so ha%e S.does too .neither did ).hasn't either *.sowo!ld +.has either l,.so sho!ld 11.do too 12.so does IS.didn't either 1$.neither m!st IS.ma#too I(.won't either 1).neither co!ld IS.neither is 1+.can too 25.so sho!ld

EXERCISE 17I.I think so 2.I'm araid not 7.1 ho"e not $.1'm araid so &.1 e;"ect not 3I don't e;"ect so4 .1ta""ears so ).1 think so *.1 e;"ect so +.1 s!""ose so 15.1 don't think so 11.I'm araid so 12.It

doesn't a""ear so 17.lt seems so 1$.1 think so 1&.1'm araid not

EXERCISE 1$1.doesn't it 2.will #o! S.shall we $.ha%e #o! &.do the# .ha%en't #o! ).do the# S.m!stn't there+.m!stn't it l,.can #o! (or wo!ld the#4 11.can she 12.m!st #o! 17.did the# 1$.was it IS.didn'tthere 1.wasn't she 1).does she 1*0ha%e the# 1+.will #o! 25.wo!ldn't he

EXERCISE 1&l.C 2.D 7.E $.= &.= .E ).D *.> +.= 15.=

UNTT

EXERCISE 1 3sam"le answers41. D!#ing second0hand clothes 2.@orking night shits 7. Crawling $.Tr#ing to change her mind&. Kearning ao!t dierent c!lt!res . Reading in dim light

EXERCISE 2 (sample answers)

a4 1. sitting o!tside in the s!n reading a ook 2.maintaining ed!cation standards at a high le%elS.ha%ing to learn to li%e witho!t m!ch "eace and !iet $.1earning the lang!age and c!lt!re

4 S.learning to think in English rather than in their own lang!age D.learning to "la# se%eralm!sical instr!ments ). "reser%ing traditional T!rkish c!lt!re against >merican c!lt!ral inl!enceS.ne%er reall# ha%ing an# "ri%ac#



EXERCISE 71.o/selling 2.ao!t/charging S.wlth/im"ro%lng $.to/h!nting S.rom/in%esting .o/eing).o/ha%ing/on/going *.on/wearing +.against 3ao!t4/skiing l,.to/!sing 11.to/closing12.ao!t/lea%ing/on/"acking 17.ao!t/looking 1$.in/meditating IS.to/seeing 1.ao!t/not

"artici"ating 1).on 3!"on4/demonstrating IS.to/hel"ing 1+.rom/entering 25.ao!t/not eing21.or/resc!ing 22.or/committing 27.rom/attem"ting 2$.rom/com"leting 2&.rom/making

EXERCISE $1.o/coming 2.to/l#ing 7. ao!t/tra%elling $.o/l#ing &.to/cooking . with/listening ).rom3than4/taking *.in 3ao!t4/hel"ing +.o/making l,.o/eing 11.or 3to4/c!lti%ating 12.or/st!d#ing170or/con%incing 1$.or/showing IS.at/s"eaking I(.ao!t/"icking 1).ao!t/sho!ting 0.A OIS.ao!t/working/ao!t/losing 1+.ao!t/%isiting 25. or/monitoring 21.ao!t 3or4/notsending/at/dancing 22.o/neglecting/to/allowing 27.rom/c#cling 2$.o/sa%ing 2&.o/snoring

EXERCISES1.o/mo%ing 2.o/s"eaking 7.o/watching $.o/"arking S.or/sho!ting .o/colla"sing).to/working/o/"ro%iding S.or/gi%ing +.or/o"ening/o/working l,.o/s"ending 11.o/oering12.or/growing IS.o/ha%ing 1$.in/getting IS.o/catching

EXERCISESl.D# eating some r!it 2.D# gliding on c!rrents o air and resting rom time to time 7.D# nots"ending an#thing on l!;!r# items $.D# throwing him a ro"e rom a helico"ter &.D# !r#ing itsel in the sand .P A A A A - . - - PQ.Q..QQ .

EXERCISE )l.Tr# to do this witho!t looking !" an# words in the dictionar# 2.Bo! sho!ldn't ski in s!nn# weatherwitho!t wearing s!nglasses 7.<e lied to his riends witho!t thinking o the conse!ences $.Thedoctor worked 1& ho!rs witho!t taking a reak &. # rother rides his ike witho!t holding onto thehandlears

EXERCISES1.rehearsing 2.with her homework S.with their sho""ing $.with the restorations S.showing

EXERCISE +1.to/eing treated/o/"!tting 2.rom/taking S.eing gi%en 3ha%ing een gi%en4 $.eing hit S.eingtold 0eing "romoted 3ha%ing een "romoted4 ).o/ha%ing een in%ol%ed 3eing in%ol%ed4/stealing*.in/organiing +.ao!t/not eing "aid 3not ha%ing een "aid4 15.o/in%iting 3ha%ing in%ited411.eing read 12.eing 3ha%ing een4 enco!raged 170eing e;"osed 1$.o/r!nning IS.on/eingtranserred 1.o/transerring 1).o/letting 1*0ha%ing een trained 1+.gaing 25."!tting/o/sa%ing21.selling 22.eing in%ol%ed 3ha%ing een in%ol%ed4 27.changing 2$.ao!t/not eing in%ited 3notha%ing een in%ited4/to/eing lied 3ha%ing een lied4 2&.o/liting

EXERCISE 15l.was a great s!r"rise or him to e "icked or the national team 2.will e wonder!l to ha%e a ewda#s o ne;t week 7.is !nwise to get into the hait o orrowing mone# $.can do more harm thangood to o%ere;ert #o!rsel when e;ercising &. takes time and eort to "rod!ce something worthwhile

EXERCISE 11l.or #o! to ha%e a !ll medical check0!" 2.o him to go ishing on the lake in thick og S.or #o! to

!# holida# ins!rance or #o!r tri" to Eg#"t $.or her to !se a com"!ter to corres"ond with her rother in >!stralia &.o me to lie in the s!n or an ho!r witho!t an# "rotection .o the director tore"rimand the manager in ront o all the sta ).or the weather to e aw!l in a# *.o him not toinorm an#one ao!t where he was going mo!ntain0climing on his own +. o her not to oer to hel"!s l,.or them to recei%e death threats

EXERCISE 12 (sample answers4 'l.is to writeA "la# and record m!sic 2.sho!ld e to hel" those who need hel" as m!ch as I canA andto treat others alwa#s with res"ect 7.is to otain a doctorate degree and teach English and >mericanliterat!re $. not to do %er# m!ch at all !t rela; &. to hel" his "atients as m!ch and in as h!mane awa# as he/she can .is to ac!ire good st!d# and work haits and to tr# and do the est that I can



EXERCISE 17l.to do 2.doing 7.to do $.to do S.doing 0doing ).to do S.doing S.doing l,.doing 11.doing12.to do 17.to do 1$.to do IS.to do I(.doing 1).doing 1*0doing 1+.to do 25.to do 21.doing22.doing 27.to do 2$.to do 2&.doing 2.doing 2).to do 2*.to do 2+.doing S,.to do 71.to do72.to do 77.doing 7$.to do 7&.to do 7.doing 7).to do 7*.doing 7+.to do $5.doing $1.to do$2.to do $7.to do $$.to do $&.doing $.to do $).to do $*.doing $+.to do S,.to do

EXERCISE 1$1.writing/neglecting 2.to get/concentrating 7.hiring/to meet $.to "hone/to tell &.sto""ing/to e.to orrow/to ring ).1ea%ing/to think *.r!nning/e;"anding/adding +.to tell/to lie 15.missing/to

e 11.talking/to e 12.to attend 17.holding/to design 1$.to assign IS.knowing/cons!lting 3ha%ingcons!lted4 1.writing/to inish 1).eing/to do/do IS.gi%ing 1+.not to !nderstand25.ha%ing/taking/reaking 21.talking 22.eing 27.ha%ing/3in4 inding/going 2$.wondering2&.asking/writing

EXERCISE 1&1.drinking/to drink 2.to start/to orrow 7.orrowing/to get $.not to enroll &.to "ost/to mail.meeting 3ha%ing met4 ).rolling S."!tting +.to sto"/worr#ing/tr# 3to tr#4/to orget l,.eeling11."icking 12.to contin!e/writing 3to write4 IS.to "o!r/walking 3to walk4 1$. to inorm IS.s"eaking

3to s"eak4/to listen I(.com"laining 1).washing 3to e washed4 IS.to inorm 1+.to !ali#3!ali#ing4 25.cam"ing/sta#ing 21.to wait 22.re:ecting/acce"ting 27.h!rting 3to h!rt42$.getting/comm!ting 2&.to eat 2.recei%lng/writing 2).to !"set/to a"ologie 2*.worr#ing 3toworr#4/getting/to check

EXERCISE 1l.to hear ao!t the rent their landlad# was asking or 2.to e told that he had to work in anothercit# 7.to disco%er that their ho!se had een roken into $.to lea%e on a !siness tri" ne;t week &.toind o!t that he had een o!nd innocent o the charge .not to e in:!red in the accident ).to gethis wallet ack intact *.to see how !ickl# he reco%ered +.not to let his sarcastic remarks h!rt herl,.to e chosen as the est "erorming de"artment

EXERCISE 1)l.to e listening 2.to ha%e een o"ened 7.to ha%e had $.to ha%e &.to ha%e een s"#ing .to hel"/to

e doing ).to e so!nding 3to so!nd/to ha%e so!nded4/to e called *.to e 3to ha%e een4 gi%en/toha%e accom"lished +.to ha%e een working 3to ha%e worked4 l,.to ha%e lost/to ha%e o!nd

EXERCISE 1*l.to look 3or looking4 2.or the s"elling 7.to look $.to let S.or some resh air .or essentialcom"an# calls/to make 3or making4 ).to call *.to connect 3or connecting4 +.to ind l,.or making11.or g!ests 12.to kee" 3or kee"ing4

EXERCISE 1+l.is too ridic!lo!s or an#one to elie%e 2.are too "oor to eed themsel%es S.isn't strong eno!gh to geto%er this shock easil# $.was too weak to eat his o""onent &.is reliale eno!gh or me to share m#secrets with .is mat!re eno!gh to e let to look ater himsel ).was too nois# or me to concentrateon m# work *0isn't clean eno!gh or !s to drink +.doesn't get a high eno!gh salar# to e ale to

aord a winter holida# l,.is too com"licated or an#one to !nderstand

EXERCISE S,1.aren't strong eno!gh 2.is too shallow 7.is too short $.isn't sim"le eno!gh S.isn't lo!d 3strong4eno!gh .is too sh# 3timid4

EXERCISE 21l.ha""en 2.take/land 3taking/landing4 S.waiting $.walking S.lea%ing 3to lea%e4 (.ighting).1ooking S."!tting 3to "!t4 +.staring l,.aking 11.tremle 3tremling4 12.roar/strike3roaring/striking4 IS.tr#ing/t!nneling 1$.honking 3honk4/singing/trotting IS.l#ing lo.crawling3crawl4



EXERCISE 221.#o!r rother to e older 2.the arm# to ha%e no "ower o%er the go%ernment S.o!r e;"enses thismonth to e ao%e o!r income $.1s estimated to e worth o%er R15A555 &.to ha%e harm!l side0eects .him to e not g!ilt# o the charge ).him to e the manager S.her to ha%e too little worke;"erience +.to ha%e a serio!s design law l,.h!nting with dogs to e araric and inh!mane

EXERCISE 27l.eel 2.e;amined 7.to sta# $.straightened D.look .made ).design/to "rod!ce S."olished +.to wait15.to look ll.!rnt 12.to do IS.checked 1$.roken IS.kee"

EXERCISE 2$l.D 2.E 7.C $.> &.> .E ).E *.> +.C 15.D ll.C 12.E 17.D 1$.E 1&.= 1.> 1).D 1*.E1+.> 25. C

UNTT)

EXERCISE 1l.D 2.> 7.> $.D &.> .D ).> *.> +.D 15.D ll.> 12.D 17.> 1$.> 1&.> 1.> 1).D 1*.> 1+.D25.D 21.> 22.> 27.> 2$.D 2&.>

EXERCISE 21.ha""# 2.ha""il# S.angr# $.!ickl# &.reall#/hard/ra"idl#/changing D.adl#/organied).nearl#/e;tremel#/e;cited *.l!entl#/good +.!nwell/well l,.good/well 11.hard/hard12."!nct!al/late 17."!nct!all#/late 1$.aw!l/hardl# IS.good/latel#/eager 1.eagerl#1).s!s"icio!s/immediatel# IS.immediate 1+.hot/%igoro!s 25. !ickl#/%igoro!sl#21.%iolent/%iolentl# 22.incredil#/!ickl# 27.incredile 2$.incredil#/slow/late2&.consideral#/"oll!ted/recent 2.considerale 2).reasonale 2*.reasonal#/chea"2+.new/recentl#/chea"l# S,.newl#/o!ght 71.high/ine%itale 72.highl#/intelligentSS.delierate/accidentall# 7$.!ickl#/"resent 7&0good/well/alanced

EXERCISE 7l.E 2.C 7.> $.C &.= .D ).C *.> +.E 15.> 11.D 12.E 17.C 1$.C 1&.E 1.E 1).= 1*.D1+.> 25.= 21.D 22.E 27.D 2$.D 2&.C

EXERCISE $a4 l. 2. 7.d $.h &.a .c ).: *.e +.g 15.1

4 l.= 2.D 7.> $.> &.E

EXERCISESa4 l.e 2.h 7.a $.: &.d .c ). *. +.1 l,.g

4 l.C 2.= 7.> $.D &.C

EXERCISE a4 l.d 2.h 7.a $.g &. .1 ).c *.m +.e l,.o ll.i 12.G 17.n 1$. 1&.k

4 l.C 2.> 7.E $.D &.E .= ).D *.C +.E 15.C

EXERCISE )

l.D 2.= 7.C $.> &.E .E ).> *.C +.D 15.> ll.C 12.E 17.D 1$.= 1&.C 1.> 1).C 1*.>1+. > 25. =

EXERCISE *l.D 2.= 7.> $.D &.= .C ).> *.D +.E 15.> ll.C 12.E 17.C 1$.E 1&.D 1.C 1).E 1*.>1+.D 25.>

EXERCISE +l.so ogg# that all the lights had to e cancelled 2."la#ing their m!sic so lo!dl# that I had to askthem to t!rn it down S.s!ch an amitio!s "erson that she'll do whate%er is needed to s!cceed$.s!ch terrile news that we didn't know how to reak it to o!r "arents &.so hard to "ers!ade methat I had no choice !t to acce"t what the# wanted . s!ch great demand that we had to wait in



line or more than three ho!rs to get o!r tickets : QQ %0A 00

EXERCISE 15 P A 'Qa4 I.It was s!ch a long ilm that I had to lea%e the cinema eore it inished 2.1t's s!ch a delicio!sdessert that I think I'll order another hel"ing S.She earns s!ch a lot o mone# that she doesn't knowhow to s"end it $. S!ch a lot o "eo"le are !nem"lo#ed that it's ecoming harder and harder to inda "ro"er :o &.@e were gi%en s!ch a little time on the e;am that I didn't e%en get a look at the last

two !estions 4 l.There were so ew memers that the meeting co!ld not e held 2.So man# st!dents are takingthe !ni%ersit# e;am that it's ecoming increasingl# im"ortant to e well0"re"ared or it S.The tri"was so adl# organied that I ret!rned home rather tense instead o eing rela;ed $. <er ho!se is soar rom the station that I'm araid we'll ha%e to take a ta;i &.1 waited or him in the cae or so longthat I was !rio!s when he ne%er came

EXERCISE 11l.more crowded 2.more oten S.easier $.more easil# S.more diic!lt (.worse ).worse S.etter+.etter l,.arther 3!rther4 11.!rther 12.Kess/more IS.more !ietl# 1$.!ieter IS.earlier

EXERCISE 121.later 2.harder S.etter/worse $.elder S.older .#o!nger ).chea"l# S.latel# +0"ractical

l,.nearl#/etter 11.!rther 12.newer/etter IS.newl#/good 1$.sim"ler/con!sed 1&. sim"l#/ hel"!l

EXERCISE 171.hea%ier and hea%ier 2.more and more !nearale S.worse and worse $.igger and igger S.easierand easier (.more and more crowded T.less and less S.more and more com"licated +.ore andmore l,.more and more

EXERCISE 1$l.The more I got to know himA the more interested I ecame in his ideas 2.The !rther I carried the

o;A the hea%ier it seemed to ecome S.The more he worried ao!t his "rolemA the less ca"ale he ecame o co"ing with it $.The dee"er the# went into the orestA the more rightened the# elt S.Themore mone# we sa%e nowA the more we'll ha%e to s"end on o!r s!mmer holida# .The igger thewa%es gotA the more "leas!re we deri%ed rom s!ring ).The harder we workA the aster o!r !siness

will e;"and S.The more st!dents we get to enrol in o!r co!rsesA the more teachers will e re!ired

EXERCISE 1&1.didn't work as m!ch as I wanted them to 2.take !s as long to get home as it did last night S.!seto do s!ch a large %ol!me o !siness as the# are doing now $.didn't oer him s!ch a high wage as3as high a wage as4 he had e;"ected S.!se to ha%e s!ch a ig ho!se as 3as ig a ho!se as4 the# donow .wasn't as enth!siastic ao!t the "la# as tonight's a!dience is

EXERCISE 11.three times as ig as this ook 2.was hal as ig as the new stadi!m is/is twice as ig as the oldstadi!m was S.twice as ar as I walked #esterda#/hal as ar as I !s!all# do $.ten times as m!chmone# on the c!rtains or her new ho!se as ar# did &. twice as m!ch clothing as a normalwashing machine/hal as m!ch clothing as the new =#son does 0three times as ig as the kitchen

EXERCISE 1)l.distance/as/longer/than/hea%ier 2.1arge S."rice/less $.adl# S.man# .1ater ).as/dangero!s/asS.a lot/hea%ier/!s!all# +.s!ch/eagerl#/st!d#ing/as l,.m!ch/etter/than 11.as/ar/as 12.oten/lit tle 17.so/well/dressed/that 1$.s!ch/high/that/earlier/e;"ected 1&.s!ch/low 1.s!cha/as/man#/as 1).so/hea%il#/that IS.hardl#/s!ch/irritating 1+.well/ew25.so/!"set/so/sarcasticall#

EXERCISE 1*l.wisest 2.chea"er S.adl#/worse $.oldest S.latter/healthier/ormer (.the most oring).s!ch/oring/as S.so/remarkale/hard/the est +.s!ch/as l,.the least/de"ressedll.ewer/so/aw!l 12.ewest IS.ewer/than/est 1$.1atest 1&0less 1.1east 1).1ast





meet "eo"le rom all o%er T!rke# In4 ' $ % &

EXERCISES1.1+*5 is the #ear when/in which/that/0 the last militar# co!" in T!rke# took "lace 2.The# ha%en't#et i;ed the date when/on which/that/0 the#'ll get married 7.1 orgot the time when/at which/that/0her "lane wo!ld land $.th >!g!st 1+$& is the date when/on which/that/0 an atomic om wasdro""ed on <iroshima S.<al "ast o!r is the ho!r when/at which/that/0 the caretaker alwa#scollects the r!ish .11th Se"temer 2551 is the date when/on which/that/0 terrorists destro#edthe @orld Trade Center

EXERCISE )l.C 2.D 70= $.C &.E .C ).> *.> +.C 15.= ll.E 12.= 17.D 1$.C 1&.> 1.C 1).> 1*.C1+.> 25.>

EXERCISESl.D 2.= 7.= $.= &.= .E ).= *.> +.C 15.> ll.= 12.= 17.> 1$.D 1&.> 1.C 1).= 1*.D1+.> 25.C

EXERCISE +l...on 8rida# e%eningA when/on which we'll all e at Ton#'s.... 2... a.m.A when/at which I ha%e to

wake !"... 7...on =ecemer &A 1)+1A # which time he had com"osed... $...rom onda# to@ednesda#A d!ring which time I did... &...on alentine's =a#A when/on which the# tho!ght it'd e...

EXERCISE 15l....in EnglandA one o which will e inding accommodation 2.Baar MemalA most o whose ooksha%e een translated into man# lang!agesA is one o... 7...two :!m"ersA neither o which reall# s!itedhim $....ao!t 1A555A nearl# all o which he then gamled awa# again &....two assistant managersA

oth o whom are eicient in their work ... a ook on strateg#A some o whose cha"ters weree;tremel# oring 3a ook on strateg#A some cha"ters o which were e;tremel# oring4

EXERCISE 11I.<e is rather ad0tem"eredA which makes him a diic!lt "erson to work with 2.<e roke twoglasses while he was washing !"A which was %er# careless o him 7.1'm ha%ing a ew da#s o ne;tweekA which I'm reall# looking orward to $.<e hasn't een eating m!ch latel#A which I am reall#concerned ao!t &.<e didn't oer to hel" his "arentsA which was a little selish o him .Shehanded in her resignation ater her !arrel with the managerA which didn't s!r"rise me at all

EXERCISE 12l.= 2.D 7.E $.> &.C .C ).= *.D +.D 15.> 11.C 12.E 17.C 1$.D 1&.E 1.> 1).D 1*.=1+.= 25.D 21.> 22.E 27.D 2$.E 2&.D 2.> 2).= 2*.= 2+.= 75.E A AA

EXERCISE 17l.The woman sitting at the comer tale seems... 2.The st!dents wanting to "ost"one the e;amwere... 7.,nl# those ha%ing their identit# cards with them will e... $.9Roots9A written # >le; <ale#Ais... S.Neil >rmstrong was the irst man to walk on the moon .The ence s!rro!nding their ho!se isnot so high ).The childrenA %er# e;cited ao!t going on holida#A hel"ed... *.rs. SmithA o!r ne;tdoor neigho!rA is %er# m!ch interested in... +...."ict!res on T showing the "ieces o the comet...l,.r. Gacos will e the one in charge o the oice d!ring... 11.SheA once a amo!s starA is now...12.1 ha%e a lot o letters to write 17....childrenA not knowing the dangerA "la# in sewage waters 1$.<isirst ookA "!lished in 1+)&A didn't get... 1&....a ho!se o%erlooking the sea rather than a large one1.St!dents not interested in grammar can "re"are... 1).relie%ed to get !rther news concerning theaccident IS.The %illagersA e;"ecting a good har%estA were all distressed... 1+.The twinsA wearingidentical right red :acketsA reall# stood o!t... 25....to ind someone to look ater o!r dog

EXERCISE 1$l.= 2.C 7.C $.E &.C .E ).D *.D +.C 15.E ll.C 12.D 17.> 1$.> 1&.= 1.D 1).= 1*.C1+.C 25.= 21.E 22.> 27.D 2$.D 2&.C 2.E 2).= 2*.E 2+.D 75.E 71.= 72.= 77.D 7$.C7&.E 7.> 7).= 7*.> 7+.C $5.=



EXERCISE 1&8R>NV M>8M>1.0 2.which/that 7.0 $.who '. (.where ).which S.where +.where l,.when ll.whose12.where 17.0 1$.0 1&. which 1. which/that 1).which 1*.0 1+. which

>NTT,C<

l.which 2.which 7.0 $.whose S.which 0which ).0 *.which/that +.where l,.which/thatll.who 12.which/that 17.wh.ich 1$. which/that 1&. where

@,RK=@I=E 8>E with ,NE D,,M l.who 2.which S.who $.who &.which/that/0 .when/that/0 ).which/that *.0 +.0 l,.who 11.012.which/that 170which 1$.which IS.which

EXERCISE 1l.> 2.> 7.E $.= &.C .= ).E *.> +.C 15.D 11.E 12.D 17.C 1$.= 1&.E 1.> 1).> 1*.=1+.D 25.E A 0 0.

UNIT +

EXERCISE 11.Wearls orm in o#sters 2.W!""ies like to slee" in askets S.Dalls are more "o"!lar with o#s thanthe# are with girls $.,stinate and slowA asses are s#mols o st!orn st!"idit# S.=e%iceso"erated # electricit# or gas and o!nd in homes are called home a""liances .=entists work ins!rgeries ). (ases can e "oisono!s *. =resses made # designers are !s!all# %er# e;"ensi%e +.8actories sho!ldn't e located near residential areas 15. ,ranges are rich so!rces o %itamins

EXERCISE 21.ashes 2.aces 70lashes $.catches S.tra#s (."ies ).glories S.classes +.ranches l,.%oices11.s!i;es 12."ries IS.edges 1$.coms IS.talks 1.s"eeches 1).ta;es 1*0ta;is 1+.s"ices25. s"ies

EXERCISE 7

1.sel%es 2."henomena S.children $."olicernen S.deer (.geese ).roos S.tattoos +.eet l,.ish11.elies 12.1ea%es IS.wol%es 1$.coats IS.cows 1."ianos 1).oots IS.ho!sewi%es 1+.cities25. oases

EXERCISE $1.letters/"ostcards/'roch!res/"ackages/0 2.0/0/shirts/0 7.0 /things/cook'ooks/'ooklets/ad%ertisements/magaines/works$.0/teachers/classrooms/0/com"!ters/'ooks &.0/"atrolmen/'o;es/g!ns/grenades/landmines(.:okes/stories/tricks/0).1akes/hills/%alle#s/0 S.children/storms/0/0 +.0/essentials/0/0/l!;!ries/tele%isions/cars/holida#s/0 15.areas/nations/0/cities/cars/"eo"le ll.screws/nails/012.0/gra"es/"eaches/a"ricots/"l!ms/straw'erries

EXERCISES1.cheeses/%arieties 2.0/0/slices/0 S.times/noises $.0/0 S.works .0 )."a"ers *.0/lam's +.0/0/0

l,.chickens/eggs 11.0 12.0/coees 17.0/cities 1$.0/0/materials 1&.0

EXERCISE l.the ottom o the stairs 2.toda#'s ootall match S.the ith loor o the !ilding $.#o!r ather'sname S.#o!r rothers' names .the ront "age o toda#'s news"a"er ).this #ear's cro"s S.twent#min!tes' walk +.the go%ernment's economic "olic# 3the economic "olic# o the go%ernment4 l,.thename o the ilm 3the ilm's name4 11.the name o the man who came #esterda# 12.the ke#s o m#ather's car 3m# ather's car ke#s4 IS.the children's de"artment 1$.Gack's rother's wie 1&0thecareer o the "erson talking to the manager 1.the horse's saddle 1).the horses' saddles IS.thecommittee's decision 3the decision o the committee4 1+.m# sister's son's irthda# 3the irthda# om# sister's son4 25.eight ho!rs' :o!rne#

n Yi 8.I.S



EXERCISEHl.>n/an/a/a 2.>n/a 7.0/a $.a/a &.0/0 .0/a/a/a ).an/a/a/0 *.0/a/a +.an/03a4/0 15.a/a/a

7.a/0 1$.an/0/a 1&.0/a 1.an/0

EXERCISE*l.some 304 2.0/0 7.0/an $.Some &.0 .0/0/some 304/a/0 ).some *.a +.0/some 304 15.some/a

11. a 12.some 304 17. Some 1$.0/some 1&.a/some 1.Some/some/a/a 03

EXERCISE +l.Some/the/an/the/the 2.the/the/the 7.some/some304/0 $. the /0/a/0 &.the/a/an .>/a/the/the).the/the *.a/a/0 +.0/the/the/the 15.0/an/0 ll.the/a/the/the/0/0 12.The 304/the/the 30417.a/the 3a4 1$.a/the 1&.0/an/a/the/0 3the4/a/a 10the/the/a/the 1).0/0/0 1*.0/the1+.the/the/the 25.some 304/0/the/the/the

EXERCISE 15l.m!ch accommodation 2.man# machines S.m!ch machiner# $.man# shee" S.m!ch l!ck .man#teeth ).m!ch homework S.man# assignments +. m!ch "rogress l,.m!ch deterioration 11. man#indi%id!als 12.man# "eo"le 3man# "ersons4 IS.man# words 1$.m!ch %oca!lar# IS.man# %iews1.m!ch scener# 1).man# cases IS.man# sit!ations 1+.man# !shes 25.m!ch grass 3man#grasses4 21.m!ch e!i"ment 22.m!ch ad%ice 27.man# s!ggestions 2$.m!ch "oetr# 2&.man#

"oems 2.man# "oets 2).m!ch literat!re 2*.man# no%els 2+.m!ch mail S,.man# letters

EXERCISE 111.0 2.0 7.o $.0 &.o .o ).o *.o/0 +.0 15.0/o 11. o 12.o P

EXERCISE 121. a little 2. little 7. a ew $. a ew &. ew .1ittle ).1ittle S.ew +. a ew l,.a little 11. a ew 12. a ew17.a little 1$.1ittle 1&.a little

EXERCISE 17l.o 2.0 7.0 $.o &.o . o ).0/o .+ +.o/o 15.0/o ll.o 12.o IS.o 1$.o 1&.0

EXERCISE 1$l.whole 2.whole S.all $.whole S.all 0whole ).>11 *0all +.whole l,.whole 11. all 12.wholeIS.whole 1$.>11 IS.all -

EXERCISE 1&l.3o4 2. 3o4 7.0 $.o/o/0 &. 3o4 . 3o4 ). 3o4 *. 3o4 +.o 15.0/o ll.o 12. 3o4 IS.o 1$.0 1&.0

EXERCISE 11. either 2.none S.neither $.oth/either &.>11 .oth ).Neither S.Doth +.>11 l,.Neitherll.None/either 12.oth IS.either 1$.all 1&0oth 1.neither 1).all 1*.Neith.er

EXERCISE 1)l.each 2.Each/was 7.were/each $.mem'er/is &. st!dents /wants .machine/has/e%er# ).thie%es*.Each/has +.Each/wants l,.=o/each/ha%e 11. e%er# 12.all/st!dents

EXERCISE 1*- (note one ile biten s,z-ülerin yerine body ile bitenler de !llanılabilir.)

l.No ne 2. an#thing 7. somewhere $. some thing 3an#thing4 &. an#thing . someone).E%er#one/someone S.e%er#thing/Nothing +.somewhere l,.Nothing ll.no one/an#where12.e%er#where 17. No one/an#thing 1$.nowhere/nothing/no one IS.e%er#one/an#one1.Something/nothing 1).an#where IS.e%er#thing/an#where 3an#one4

EXERCISE 1+1. their own 2.her own S.themsel%es $.her own/hersel S.itsel .himsel 3hersel/themsel%es4).m#sel S.himsel +. his own l,.o!r own 11. #o!rsel%es 12.#o!rsel IS.m# own 1$.her own 1&0hersel



EXERCISE 25l.is 2.is 3are4 7.is $.is &.is .are ).are *.1s +.are 15.1s ll.is 12.are 17.is 1$.is IS.are 1.is1).is 3are4 1*.1s 3are4 1+.is 25.are 21.is 22.are 27.1s 3are4 2$.1s 2&.are 2.are 2).1s 2*.1s 2+.1s3are4 S,.are 71.1s 3are4 72.are 77.1s 7$.1s 7&.are 7.1s 7).are 7*.1s 7+.1s $5.is $1.are $2.1s$7.are $$.are $&.1s $.are $).are $*.1s $+.are &5.1s

EXERCISE 21l.was 2.1s 7.ha%e/is $.are S.are .ha%e/ha%e ).were/was *.ha%e +.was l,.was ll.is12.1i%e/ha%e 170was 1$.was IS.does 1.was 1).ha%e/are 1*.was 1+.has/is 25.ha%e

EXERCISE 22l.the others 2.other/others/others S.another 3some other4 $.another S.another .,thers ).another S.others +.each other 3one another4 l,.other 11.others 12.the other IS.another/other 1$.others1&0the other 1.the others/other 1).others 1*0the others 1+.another 25.each other 3oneanother4/the other

EXERCISE 27l.E 2.C 7.C $.= &.> .> ).D *.E +.C 15.= ll.= 12.C 17.E 1$.= 1&.D 1.E 1).E 1*.= 1+.C25.>

UNTT 15

EXERCISE 1l.The co!ntr# has een s!ering rom oth "olitical !nrest and an economic crisis 2.Doth od#s"ra#s and electrical de%ices are eecti%e against mos!itoes S.Doth Keonardo da inci andichelangelo li%ed d!ring the Italian RenaissanceA a "eriod known or its creati%e acti%it# $.The

!ilding we choose or o!r cae m!st e oth close to the sho""ing area and reasonal# "riced&.C!tting down large areas o tro"ical rain orest destro#s not onl# the haitat o wild animals !t

also the homeland o nati%e Indian tries .<one# is delicio!s not onl# on its own !t also whenadded to "!ddings ).The "rotection o the en%ironment is essential not onl# or "eo"le toda# !talso or !t!re generations S.Not onl# did she inherit a %ast ort!ne !"on her ather's deathA !t shealso ecame the sole a!thorit# to r!n his com"anies 3She not onl# inherited a %ast ort!ne !t also

ecame the sole a!thorit#...4 +.She was neither eicient nor keen eno!gh to take charge o the oicel,.The sol!tion satisied neither the management nor the !nion 11.Neither the actors nor the "la#itsel was good eno!gh to hold the a!dience's attention 12.This ootall "la#er neither "anics !nder

"ress!re nor arg!es with the reeree 17.The manager m!st either em"lo# a new assistant or trainone o the e;isting sta or the "osition 1$.1 will either lend #o! m# car or the da# or dri%e #o! tothe conerence m#sel 1&.I'll either meet #o! at the air"ort m#sel or send someoneA i I can't make il1.1 might ha%e let m# !mrella either at work or on the !s

EXERCISE 2l.were 2.ha%e 7.is $.are &.is .ca!ses ).do *.is +.are l,.knows ll.was 12.know 170were1$.1s IS.ha%e

EXERCISESl.had een introd!ced 3were introd!ced4 2.met/hadn't #et got 7.is/will ha%e sa%ed $.hadsa%ed/was S.had the race started/crashed .was locking 3locked4/had let ).had the# o!ght/died*.was looking/o!nd/had "!t +.had she inished/tele"honed/weren't ale to 3wo!ldn't e ale to4l,.reaches/will ha%e een disc!ssed ll.ha%e otained/are going to 3will4 start/am "lanning3"lan4/set!" 12.were taken/were/ha""ened 17.had she :oined/was o!ght 1$.was getting3got4/was getting 3got4/hardl# had 1&.will not conirm/ha%e !ndergone 3!ndergo4/will e em"lo#ed



EXERCISE $l.aGSince there were strong c!rrents in the ri%erA I decided not to swim 4There were strong c!rrentsin the ri%erP thereoreA I decided not to swim c4The c!rrents in the ri%er were so strong that I decidednot to swim dGThere were s!ch strong c!rrents in the ri%er that I decided not to swim e4I decided notto swimA or there were strong c!rrents in the ri%er G=!e to the strong c!rrents in the ri%erA Idecided not to swim gGThere were strong c!rrents in the ri%erA so I decided not to swim h4>s a

conse!ence o the strong c!rrents in the ri%erA I decided not to swim l4There were strong c!rrentsin the ri%erP conse!entl#A I decided not to swim :4,wing to the act that there were strong c!rrentsin the ri%erA I decided not to swim2.a4<e dro%e so ast that he had an accident 4<is dri%ing too ast res!lted in his ha%ing an accidentc4<is ha%ing an accident res!lted rom his dri%ing too ast d4>s a res!lt o his dri%ing too astA hehad an accident e4<e dro%e too astP thereoreA he had an accident G,n acco!nt o his dri%ing tooastA he had an accident g4The reason or his ha%ing an accident was his dri%ing too ast h4<e hadan accident eca!se he dro%e too ast IG>s he dro%e 3was dri%ing4 too astA he had an accident :4<isha%ing an accident was a res!lt o his dri%ing too ast

EXERCISES1.Deca!se o 2.Deca!se 7.so $.=!e to S.,wing to the act that 0res!lted in ).thereore *0eca!se+.eca!se o/or l,.>s 11.eca!se/eca!se 12.as a conse!ence o 17.or 1$.res!lt rom IS.th!s

EXERCISE I.@e sho!ld ook o!r rooms well in ad%ance so that we won't ha%e an# diic!lt# when we get there2.@e had o!r car checked eore we let on %acation so that it wo!ldn't ca!se !s an# tro!le on thewa# S.The#'re taking o!t a s"ecial ins!rance "olic# so that their "ossessions will e co%ered whilethe# are o%erseas $.The# took o!t a s"ecial ins!rance "olic# so that their "ossessions wo!ld eco%ered while the# were o%erseas &. <e disconnected his tele"hone so that he wo!ldn't e dist!redd!ring the ilm .The "roessor has taken a reak rom lect!ring this term so that she can do someresearch or her ook

EXERCISEH1.=es"ite its eing chea"A I won't !# this material eca!se... 2.She ailed to gi%e !" smoking ins"ite o her re"eated attem"ts S.E%en tho!gh she has some ad !alitiesA she is... $.>ltho!gh Ioered to hel" himA he insisted on... S.=es"ite the ro!gh roadA he ke"t... .1n s"ite o his!ns!ccess!l "erormanceA the a!dience a""la!ded... )....man# eneicial ad%antagesA tho!gh thereare claims that it diminishes creati%it# *.1n s"ite o ha%ing een warned twice eoreA she stillkee"s... +....this #earA altho!gh the weather conditions ha%e een contin!ing to e !na%o!rale orsome time 15. =es"ite the enormo!s n!mer o ooks the lirar# hasA Meith co!ldn't ind...

EXERCISE *1.=es"ite 2.=es"ite 70>ltho!gh $.tho!gh &.1n s"ite o .1n s"ite o T.des"ite S.>ltho!gh +.1n s"iteo l,.=es"ite 11.tho!gh 12.>ltho!gh 170=es"ite 1$.E%en tho!gh 1&.tho!gh

EXERCISE +l.No matter how amo!s the actor isA the ilm's "lot... 2....- whate%er #o! !# or herA she ne%ershows an# sign o a""reciation S.<owe%er man# ho!rs we workA we ne%er seem... $.No matter howast we r!nA we won't... &.No matter how im"ortant the case wasA no one dealt... ....# coachA

howe%er m!ch disco!nt the airlines ma# e oering )..... .whoe%er tries to "ers!ade me S.@hiche%er s!:ect #o! choose to st!d# at !ni%ersit#A #o!'ll ha%e to... +.. ..in this room regardless o where #o!

"lace it 15.@hene%er I call on m# atherA he is...

EXERCISE 15I.<e has een "!nished se%eral times eoreP ne%erthelessA he kee"s doing the same na!ght# thingagain and again 2.The# had een rehearsing or weeksP nonethelessA the# were all e;tremel# ner%o!son the o"ening night 7.1n s"ite o ha%ing a res"onsile :o with a high salar#A she eels discontented$.=es"ite eing intelligent and ha%ing a good sense o h!mo!rA he has %er# little sel0conidenceS.E%en tho!gh he has a s"eech im"edimentA he sings ea!ti!ll#





EXERCISE 1*I.I don't like the wa# #o! are actingA nor will I tolerate it an# longer 2.Not !ntil arming had eendisco%eredA ao!t 15A555 #ears agoA co!ld ci%iliation reall# egin to de%elo" S.She told her son that!nder no circ!mstances m!st he gi%e chocolate to his a# sisterA... $.1 certainl# wo!ldn't want toli%e in a ig metro"olitan cit#A were I 3to e4 gi%en the choice S.,nl# i she can ind someone to gi%eher a lit home will she e ale to come to the "art# .So com"lete was the destr!ction o ooks

ordered # the Chinese em"eror Shih <!ang Ti in the 7rd cent!r# DC that almost nothing remained).Not one inger ha%e #o! lited to hel" me aro!nd the ho!se since we got married *0<ardl# e%erha%e the# come to an# o the e%ents we'%e in%ited them to +.<ad we not gone to the "art# last nightAwe certainl# wo!ldn't... l,.=own the street 3menacingl#4 came the "olice tank 3menacingl#4A and awa[ran the "rotestors 11.She claims that onl# once in her lie has she dr!nk alcoholA !t... 12.Darel#had the orchestra eg!n their "erormance o the Deetho%en s#m"hon# when someone... IS.Sho!ld#o! get to the meeting earl# tomorrowA co!ld #o! "lease inorm... 1$.Nowhere in the world is there agreater di%ersit# o lang!ages than on the island o New (!ineaA which is... 1&0S!ch anemarrassment was it last night that ne%er again will I e ale to show m# ace at their ho!se1.,nl# ater I had read the instr!ction man!al thoro!ghl# was I ale to get the stereo working1).1rish a!thor Games Go#ce let Ireland ore%er in the earl# 25th cent!r#A as did his com"atriot andriendA Sam!el DeckettA ao!t 75 #ears later IS.No sooner had r Koman ste""ed in the door thanhis wie sla""ed him across the ace 1+.Seldom does one get the chance to see two legendar#m!sicians "erorming together on the same stage 25.# mother and nther ha%e ne%er een o!t othe United StatesA and neither ha%e an# o their riends

EXERCISE 1+l.C 2.D 7.= $.E &.> .= ).C *.D +.D 15.> 11.C 12.C 17.D 1$.E 1&.= 1.= 1).C 1*.>1+.E 25.D

UNTT11

EXERCISE 11.on/in 2.in 7.at $.at/in &.on .on ).in/on *.at +.at 3on4 l,.at 11.in 12.on 17.in 1$.onIS.on 1.on/at 1).at/on 1*.at/at 1+.in 25.,n

EXERCISE 21.d!ring 2.while S.d!ring $.d!ring S.while .d!ring ).while S.@hile

EXERCISE 71.!ntil 2.# 7.# $.!ntil S.!ntil .# ).!ntil *.#

EXERCISE $1.eore/on 2.=!ring/at S.!ntil/ater $.rom/to 3till43!ntil4/on &.#/since .rom/to 3till43!ntil4/d!ring ).Thro!gho!t 3=!ring4/eore *.eore/on +.Thro!gho!t 3=!ring4/since15.!ntil/at

EXERCISE &1.to/rom/"ast 2.aro!nd S.o!t o $.along 3#4 S.elow .o""osite 3near4/o!t o/across ).at/to/onS.aro!nd +.o!tside 3o!tdoors4/inside 3indoors4 l,.against 11.on/in/on/etween 12.e#ond3ehind4 17.in/rom/to/in/ao%e 1$.across/thro!gh 3across4 1&0thro!gh

EXERCISE l.etween 2.to S.or $.or &.to .etween ).with *.o +.to l,.or 11.o 12.towards 3toward4170in 1$.or IS.to .

EXERCISE )l.k 2.e 7. $.a &.d . ). *.: +.n l,.h ll.m 12.g 17. 1$.c 1&.r 1." 1).1 1*.o

EXERCISESl.h 2. 7.5 $.a &.n .c ).g *.m +.1 l,.: 11.k 12. 17. 1$.e 1&.d



EXERCISE +l.! 2.g 7.e $.o &.1 .w ). *.i +.% l,.r ll.# 12.h 17. 1$.; 1&.a 1.G 1).s 1*.c 1+.k 25.t21.n 22.m 27. 2$.d 2&." . .

EXERCISE 15l.on 2.in 7.in $.on &.in .on

. - • - . : • • , , - - - . ' '

EXERCISE 11l.on 2.or S.or $.on S.or .on

EXERCISE 12l.i 2.d 7."$.k&. .r ).a *.g +.m l,.: ll. 12. 17.c 1$.1 1&.h 1.n 1).o 1*.e

EXERCISE 17a:!nder 4# c4at d:!nder e:witho!t lat g4# h4at IGwitho!t :4at 3at the4 k:!nder IGrom m4atn4or o4#

EXERCISE 1$l.# ar 2.!nder the inl!ence 7.# no means $.at last S.!nder control .at 3the4 most ).rom time

to time *.witho!t ail +.witho!t dela# l,.>t irst 11.at length 12.at least 17.!nder g!arantee 1$.or the time eing 1&0# mistake

EXERCISE 1&a4# l!nder c:!nder d4rom e4or lat g4at h4# lwitho!t G4or k:!nder witho!t m4at n:oro4#

EXERCISE 1l.# heart 2.# accident 7.at random $.at times &.at an# rate .!nder "ress!re ).!nder age*.witho!t do!t +.or short 15.witho!t warning 11.or a change 12.or instance IS.!nder theim"ression 1$.rom now on IS.# all means

EXERCISE 1)

l.c 2.o 7.h $.k &.1 .i ).d *.n +. l,.: ll. 12.e 17.g 1$.m 1&.a

EXERCISE 1*l.o 2.to S.with $.to S.with .or ).to *.to +.to l,.o ll.to 12.or 170to 1$.to IS.at 10or1).ao!t IS.on 1+.with/or 25.o 21.ao!t 22. to/or 27.o 2$.o 2&.in

EXERCISE 1+l.like 2.in S.ao!t $.to &.in .or ).on S.rom +.with l,.to 11.to/ao!t 12.o IS.into 1$.romIS.o 1.or 1).rom IS.against 1+.or 25.rom 21.at 22.to 27.ao!t 2$.to/or 2&.o

EXERCISE 25l.rom 2.or S.into $.into/o &.as .to ).in *.at +.to l,.at ll.or 12.or IS.o 1$.or IS.o 10rom 1).rom IS.on 1+.rom 25.to 21.or 22.at 27.ao!t 2$.on 2&.into

EXERCISE 21l. 2.k 7.h $.e &.a .c ). *.1 +.g l,.d ll.: 12.1

EXERCISE 22l.lost co!nt o 2."la#ing a trick on S.taking ad%antage o $.make sense o S.taking "art in 3going totake "art in4 .ha%e...conidence in ).kee" an e#e on *.Wa# attention to +."!t..."ress!re on l,.takecharge o 11.ca!ght sight o 12.take..."leas!re in

EXERCISE 27l.d 2. 7.e $.a &.k .c ).i *.1 +. l,.h ll.g 12.G



EXERCISE 2$ 01.ha%e a look at 2.Take no notice o S.takes..."ride in $.ca!ght a glim"se o &0take care o .setire to ).making...reco%er# rom S."aid a com"liment to +.made contact with l,.has...eect on11.take #o!r mind o 12.make room or 9 P

EXERCISE 2&

l.C 2.D 7.E $.= &.C .= ).= *.D +.E 15.C 11.C 12.E 17.E 1$.= 1&.C 1.= 1).> 1*.D1+.> 25.> 21.C 22.= 27.> 2$.E 2&.D 2.E 2).= 2*.C 2+.= 75.C 71.> 72.E 77.C 7$.D7&.D 7.E 7).C 7*.= 7+.C $5.= $1.E $2.= $7.> $$.D $&.D $.= $).C $*.C $+.E &5.E&1.C &2.E &7.= &$.E &&.D &.D &).= &*.C &+.D 5.=

EXERCISE 21.D 2.= 7.> $.C &. C .D ).= *.E +.C 15.= K> 12.> 17.E 1$.D 1&.C 1.> 1).D 1*.=1+.> 25.C 21.C 22.= 27.D 2$.> 2&.E 2.D 2).C 2*.E 2+.= 75.D

UNIT 12 'A9. P ' 'A 9. AA -.' r A :T9

EXERCISE l 99 . . . . . . . Q 0Y.

1.look...!" 2.took !" S.held !" $.t!rn !" S.low !" .are growing !" ).made !" *.set !"+."ick...!" l,.show !" ll.lown!" 12.take !" \A \ A \ \ A \ ]

EXERCISE 21.closing down 2.1et down S.slow down $.eing knocked down S.settled down (.t!rn down ).c!tdown *0laid down +.t!rned...down l,.ringing down 11.get...down 12.roke down

EXERCISESl.ha%e worked o!t 2."!t...o!t S.worn o!t $.set o!t S.roken o!t .1et o!t ).1et o!t S.make o!t+.ran o!t l,.come o!t 11."ick o!t 12.went o!t

EXERCISE $ 1.see...o 2.tr#ing...on 7.taking...in $.took o &."!t...thro!gh .come across )."!t...awa#

*."!t...on +.looks down on 15. called o 11.een looding in 12."assed awa#E X E R C I S E S J ' -' 9 ' 9P'- %

-9 ' 9 ? i- w Q Q Q ' 9Q 'T ' '1.handed down 2.died o!t 7.een "!lled o%er $.co!nt against &.tell...a"art .stand !" or).ga%e...awa# *0catch !" on +.done awa# with l,."!t...across 11.get thro!gh 12.set ack

EXERCISE 1."!t orth 2.thinks ack on S.waited on $.la# o &.were wi"ed o!t .is hanging o%er )."!t...!"S.made or +.saw thro!gh l,.was kicked o!t 11.to!ched down 12.sh!t o

EXERCISE ) l

l.= 2.E 7.> $.> &.D .= ).C *.D +.E 15.> ll.E 12.C 17.D 1$.> 1&.= 1.D 1).C 1*.=1+.E 25.D

EXERCISE *l.C 2.E 7.C $.> &.D .C ).> *.D +.E 15.D ll.D 12.= 17.E 1$.E 1&.C 1.= 1).> 1*.> 1+.E25.E 21.= 22.D 27.D 2$.E 2&.E 2.D 2).= 2*.= 2+.E 75.C 71.E 72.E 77.= 7$.D 7&.= 7.>7).C 7*.E 7+.E $5.> $1.D $2.C $7.= $$.> $&.D $.C $).C $*.= $+.> &5.E &1.= &2.> &7.D&$.C &&.C &.= &).C &*.= &+.C 5.C

EXERCISE +l.= 2.> 7.= $.E &.= .= ).> *.E +.E 15.D 11.C 12.C 17.D 1$.= 1&.D 1.C 1).E 1*.E1+.C 25.D 21.D 22.D 27.C 2$.E 2&.C 2.D 2).= 2*.C 2+.E 75.C 71.> 72.C 77.D 7$.D7&.C 7.= 7).= 7*.C 7+.= $5.C $1.C $2.E $7.E $$.> $&.> $.= $).E $*.D $+.E &5.D&1.> &2.> &7.= &$.C &&.> &.= &).= &*.E &+.C 5.C



QQ ^ _ 1 > 1iw"mt__m____... ?

1. E 2. = 7. = $. C &. D . > ). > *. E +. D 15. C

11. = 12. D 17. E 1$. E 1&. D 1. E 1). C 1*. > 1+. = 25. D

21. > 22. E 27. > 2$. D 2&. C 2. D 2). C 2*. E 2+. E 75. >

71. C 72. = 77. = 7$. D 7&. E 7. C 7).$ D 7*. = 7+. > $5. E

$1. D $2. = $7. C $$. C $&. E $. > ). E $*. C $+. = &5. D

&1. E &2. D &7. > &$. E &&. = &. D &). = &*. E &+. C 5. E

1. = 2. > 7. D $. > &. > . E ). C *. D +. = )5. C

)1. = )2. C )7. E )$. > )&. D ). C )). > )*. E )+. E *5. =

*1. E *2. > *7. D *$. C *&. = *. E *). D **. > *+. D +5. =

+1. > +2. E +7. C +$. = +&. E +. D +). > +*. E ++. = 155. >

151. D 152. D 157. C 15$. E 15&. > 15. C 15). E 15*. = 15+. > 115. E

... T B,rr^e`ii:tGGGb c

/ff( #)

0 G YQQQ-Q.QQQ.Q$ 9 c

' Q T Q ' Q ' .. ' QQP ..

1. C 2. > 7. D $. E &. = . C 7. > *. = +. D 15. E

11. > 12. D 17. C 1$. E 1&. E 1. D 1). = 1*. > 1+. = 25. D

21. C 22. E 27. E 2$. D 2&. > 2. > 2). C 2*. = 2+. E 75. E

71. D 72. = 77. > 7$. = 7&. C 7. E 7).$ D 7*. C 7+. E $5. >

$1. E $2. = $7. = $$. C $&. E $. = ). E $*. C $+. > &5. =

&1. > &2. D &7. > &$. = &&. = &. D &). > &*. E &+. C 5. D

1. E 2. > 7. D $. E &. > . E ). C *. D +. = )5. =

)1. D )2. C )7. E )$. > )&. E ). C )). = )*. > )+. E *5. C

*1. C *2. D *7. D *$. C *&. D *. > *). E **. > *+. D +5. =

+1. D +2. E +7. C +$. = +&. > +. D +). C +*. E ++. = 155. =

151. > 152. E 157. = 15$. E 15&. C 15. C 15). > 15*. D 15+. C 115. >

P

1. = 2. E 7. E $. C &. D . > ). > *. = +. D 15. C

11. > 12. D 17. > 1$. = 1&. C 1. C 1). D 1*. E 1+. E 25. >

21. E 22. = 27. D 2$. D 2&. > 2. = 2). C 2*. > 2+. = 75. E71. C 72. > 77. = 7$. D 7&. C 7. E 7).$ = 7*. > 7+. C $5. D

$1. D $2. C $7. E $$. > $&. = $. = ). E $*. D $+. > &5. =

&1. E &2. D &7. > &$. E &&. = &. C &). > &*. E &+. D 5. =

1. C 2. E 7. D $. = &. > . E ). C *. > +. = )5. C

)1. > )2. C )7. E )$. > )&. D ). C )). = )*. E )+. E *5. C

*1. D *2. > *7. = *$. E *&. = *. > *). E **. C *+. D +5. D

+1. = +2. E +7. > +$. D +&. C +. E +). E +*. = ++. > 155. C

151. E 152. = 157. = 15$. D 15&. E 15. = 15). > 15*. E 15+. C 115. D



%1$ AA0d]Q c iT

1. D 2. D 7. E $. C &. > . > ). D *. = +. C 15. E11. > 12. = 17. C 1$. = 1&. E 1. E 1). > 1*. C 1+. > 25. D

21. C 22. = 27. E 2$. > 2&. D 2. = 2). C 2*. D 2+. E 75. =

71. > 72. E 77. = 7$. D 7&. C 7. C 7).$ E 7*. > 7+. E $5. C

$1. D $2. = $7. > $$. E $&. D $. > ). E $*. C $+. = &5. =

&1. E &2. C &7. D &$. D &&. > &. D &). = &*. E &+. C 5. >

1. E 2. > 7. > $. = &. C . E ). D *. D +. = )5. D

)1. = )2. E )7. C )$. > )&. D ). C )). = )*. = )+. E *5. D

*1. C *2. > *7. D *$. E *&. E *. = *). C **. E *+. D +5. >

+1. D +2. C +7. = +$. C +&. E +. D +). > +*. > ++. = 155. E

151. C 152. C 157. E 15$. D 15&. > 15. = 15). E 15*. = 15+. C 115. C

r 9 Q 099Q ' Q TEST B,DRLEK899& 3W>RT ,NE410 -- '- 0 e A P Q P . . . . Q Q c 9 c Q 0 . P - T A . . . Q A Q . Q Q A Q . Q . Q . Q Q e Q l 0 0d P 9 ' f .. % i

1. E 2. = 7. > $. D &. E . C ). D *. = +. > 15. D

11. E 12. > 17. D 1$. C 1&. > 1. D 1). > 1*. = 1+. = 25. C

21. C 22. C 27. E 2$. > 2&. D 2. E 2). = 2*. > 2+. C 75. >

71. = 72. E 77. = 7$. = 7&. C 7. D 7).$ E 7*. E 7+. C $5. =

$1. > $2. > $7. = $$. E $&. > $. = ). C $*. D $+. E &5. D&1. > &2. D &7. C &$. D &&. E &. > &). > &*. C &+. = 5. E

1. E 2. C 7. > $. C &. = . D ). E *. > +. E )5. E

)1. C )2. E )7. = )$. D )&. > ). = )). > )*. C )+. C *5. =

*1. E *2. D *7. = *$. > *&. C *. C *). D **. E *+. = +5. =

+1. D +2. = +7. > +$. E +&. > +. C +). C +*. = ++. E 155. D

151. > 152. C 157. D 15$. = 15&. C 15. E 15). D 15*. D 15+. > 115. C

7. > $. C &. = . > ). D *. D

.. QQ P i

1. > 2. D +. > 15. C11. E 12. E 17. D 1$. > 1&. C 1. D 1). > 1*. E 1+. = 25. D

21. C 22. C 27. E 2$. = 2&. D 2. E 2). C 2*. C 2+. D 75. E

71. D 72. > 77. = 7$. E 7&. E 7. C 7).$ D 7*. = 7+. E $5. =

$1. = $2. > $7. C $$. E $&. > $. = ). E $*. > $+. C &5. C

&1. E &2. D &7. > &$. D &&. C &. C &). = &*. D &+. C 5. >

1. = 2. = 7. E $. C &. = . C ). E *. > +. > )5. E

)1. C )2. E )7. E )$. D )&. > ). = )). D )*. E )+. C *5. D

*1. > *2. D *7. = *$. C *&. D *. > *). = **. E *+. D +5. >+1. = +2. = +7. C +$. E +&. > +. D +). E +*. C ++. = 155. E

151. D 152. > 157. = 15$. = 15&. E 15. > 15). C 15*. C 15+. D 115. >



1. E 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. B

11. B 12. C 13. D 14. E 15. A 16. C 17. E 18. A 19. E 20. D

21. A 22. C 23. E 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. E

31. C 32. E 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. D 37.4 C 38. A 39. E 40. C

41. E 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. D 46. C 7. D 48. A 49. B 50. A

51. D 52. B 53. C 54. E 55. E 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. C 60. D

61. B 62. A 63. C 64. B 65. D 66. A 67. E 68. E 69. A 70. B

71. D 72. C 73. B 74. A 75. E 76. E 77. B 78. D 79. D 80. E

81. C 82. B 83. A 84. E 85. B 86. D 87. A 88. B 89. C 90. D

91. E 92. B 93. C 94. A 95. E 96. B 97. B 98. A 99. D 100. D

101. A 102. E 103. B 104. A 105. C 106. C 107. E 108. D 109. B 110. C

1. C 2. = 7. C $. D &. = 2. 3 ). E *. D +. > 15. C

11. E 12. D 17. E 1$. C 1&. > 1. D 1). = 1*. > 1+. = 25. C

21. D 22. > 27. = 2$. > 2&. D 2. C 2). C 2*. E 2+. D 75. >

71. > 72. E 77. C 7$. = 7&. > 7. C 7).$ D 7*. = 7+. C $5. E

$1. E $2. C $7. > $$. E $&. = $. E ). E $*. D $+. E &5. D

&1. E &2. = &7. = &$. D &&. E &. > &). = &*. C &+. = 5. >1. D 2. D 7. E $. = &. E . D ). D *. > +. > )5. =

)1. > )2. D )7. = )$. C )&. D ). > )). E )*. D )+. C *5. C

*1. E *2. = *7. E *$. D *&. E *. E *). > **. = *+. D +5. C

+1. > +2. > +7. D +$. E +&. > +. D +). = +*. E ++. = 155. >

151. E 152. C 157. = 15$. > 15&. D 15. C 15). E 15*. E 15+. D 115. =

-XJ$'%JPA'

1. D 2. E 7. D $. > &. > . E ). C *. E +. =

15. >

11. E 12. = 17. > 1$. D 1&. E 1. C 1). D 1*. = 1+. > 25. E

21. C 22. C 27. = 2$. E 2&. D 2. C 2). > 2*. > 2+. D 75. =

71. = 72. > 77. C 7$. = 7&. = 7. E 7).$ = 7*. D 7+. E $5. C

$1. > $2. D $7. E $$. > $&. C $. = ). E $*. C $+. = &5. D

&1. = &2. E &7. = &$. C &&. > &. D &). E &*. = &+. D 5. C

1. E 2. = 7. > $. E &. > . C ). = *. D +. > )5. E

)1. C )2. D )7. > )$. = )&. C ). D )). E )*. > )+. E *5. >

*1. = *2. C *7. D *$. C *&. C *. > *). D **. = *+. D +5. E

+1. > +2. C +7. E +$. E +&. = +. = +). > +*. D ++. C 155. C151. D 152. E 157. = 15$. > 15&. > 15. C 15). = 15*. E 15+. C 115. >





r

7. D $. E &. >

..AOT ...OP̂ Q

15. E11. D 12. > 17. C 1$. D 1&. D 1. E 1). = 1*. > 1+. D 25. =

21. E 22. C 27. > 2$. = 2&. D 2. C 2). E 2*. > 2+. = 75. =71. > 72. E 77. = 7$. C 7&. = 7. > 7).$ > 7*. D 7+. C $5. >

$1. = $2. D $7. E $$. > $&. C $. = ). E $*. C $+. > &5. D

&1. D &2. > &7. = &$. E &&. E &. > &). D &*. E &+. = 5. C

1. E 2. E 7. D $. > &. > . C ). = *. D +. D )5. E

)1. = )2. D )7. > )$. = )&. C ). D )). E )*. > )+. E *5. =

*1. E *2. C *7. = *$. D *&. E *. = *). > **. = *+. D +5. D

+1. > +2. C +7. E +$. E +&. = +. > +). D +*. C ++. E 155. C

151. D 152. = 157. > 15$. C 15&. C 15. E 15). = 15*. D 15+. C 115. >

11. C 12. = 17. > 1$. D 1&. E 1. E 1). = 1*. > 1+. D 25. =

21. E 22. D 27. C 2$. = 2&. D 2. D 2). > 2*. > 2+. = 75. C

71. = 72. > 77. E 7$. C 7&. = 7. > 7).$ D 7*. D 7+. E $5. E

$1. > $2. D $7. = $$. > $&. C $. C ). E $*. C $+. > &5. D

&1. D &2. E &7. = &$. E &&. C &. > &). D &*. E &+. = 5. >

1. C 2. = 7. E $. > &. > . D ). = *. D +. > )5. E)1. C )2. > )7. D )$. = )&. E ). D )). C )*. > )+. E *5. D

*1. E *2. C *7. > *$. C *&. D *. = *). > **. = *+. D +5. C

+1. > +2. C +7. E +$. D +&. = +. E +). > +*. C ++. C 155. E

151. = 152. E 157. D 15$. D 15&. > 15. C 15). = 15*. E 15+. D 115. C

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Els Grammar Book -Answer Key