Ella FitzgeraldElla FitzgeraldBy: Elyse GoinsBy: Elyse Goins

American Jazz Singer!!!!!!!!!American Jazz Singer!!!!!!!!!

BeginningsBeginningsElla Jane Fitzgerald was born April 25, 1917Ella Jane Fitzgerald was born April 25, 1917

She grew up in Newport News, VirginiaShe grew up in Newport News, Virginia

Ella’s mom had a second child named FrancesElla’s mom had a second child named Frances

Her mom’s boyfriend name is Joseph Da Silva but they Her mom’s boyfriend name is Joseph Da Silva but they call him (Joe)call him (Joe)

Ella’s mom died in a car accident Ella’s mom died in a car accident

Ella moved with her auntElla moved with her aunt

A little while after Ella’s mom died Joe died of a really bad A little while after Ella’s mom died Joe died of a really bad heart attack and heart attack and

Frances moved with Ella and her auntFrances moved with Ella and her aunt

Ella song the first time at the Apollo when she was only 16 Ella song the first time at the Apollo when she was only 16 years old she went to the Apollo because it was amateur years old she went to the Apollo because it was amateur nightnight

Ella recorded many hitsElla recorded many hitsIf You Can’t Sing It You’ll Have To Swing It If You Can’t Sing It You’ll Have To Swing It Love And Kisses (which was her first Love And Kisses (which was her first recording)recording)1938 Ella when she was 21 years old she 1938 Ella when she was 21 years old she recorded a nursery rhymerecorded a nursery rhymeA –Tisket A-Tasket sold one million hits A –Tisket A-Tasket sold one million hits and stayed #1 for 17 weeksand stayed #1 for 17 weeks

Recordings Recordings

MarriagesMarriages1941 Ella married Benny Kornegay after 1941 Ella married Benny Kornegay after she discovered that he had a criminal she discovered that he had a criminal record she divorce him really fastrecord she divorce him really fast

When Ella was on a tour with Dizzy When Ella was on a tour with Dizzy Gillespie’s band she met Ray BrownGillespie’s band she met Ray Brown

Ray and Ella got married in 1947 and after Ray and Ella got married in 1947 and after that they adopted a child born to Ella’s half that they adopted a child born to Ella’s half sister his name was Ray Brown Jr.\sister his name was Ray Brown Jr.\

Ella and Ray got divorced in 1958Ella and Ray got divorced in 1958

Shows She Appeared OnShows She Appeared On

Bing Crosby ShowBing Crosby Show

Frank Sinatra ShowFrank Sinatra Show

Tonight ShowTonight Show

Later YearsLater Years

Ella continued to work even when she was Ella continued to work even when she was really sickreally sick

1979 Fitzgerald was in the hall of fame 1979 Fitzgerald was in the hall of fame

In September 1986 Ella went into bypass In September 1986 Ella went into bypass surgery surgery

She was diagnosed with diabetes She was diagnosed with diabetes

SilenceSilence

June 15, 1996 Ella Fitzgerald died in her June 15, 1996 Ella Fitzgerald died in her Beverly Hills homeBeverly Hills home

Her remains were in the Sunset Mission Her remains were in the Sunset Mission Mausoleum at Inglewood cemetery in Mausoleum at Inglewood cemetery in Inglewood, California Inglewood, California

Her awardsHer awards

1934-won amateur night 1934-won amateur night competition at the Apollo theatercompetition at the Apollo theater1935-won one week of performing 1935-won one week of performing at Harlem opera house at Harlem opera house 1937-top female vocalist, down 1937-top female vocalist, down beat magazine beat magazine 1938-first NO. 1 song “Tisket, A-1938-first NO. 1 song “Tisket, A-Tasket”Tasket”1954-best female vocalist, 1954-best female vocalist, metronome magazine best female metronome magazine best female vocalist, down beat magazine vocalist, down beat magazine (both readers and critics poll)(both readers and critics poll)1956-all star female, metronome 1956-all star female, metronome magazine magazine 1958-firsy Grammy award held: 1958-firsy Grammy award held: won best female vocal won best female vocal performance for “the Irving Berlin performance for “the Irving Berlin songbook (album)songbook (album)

1959-grammy awards, best female 1959-grammy awards, best female vocal performance for:" but not for vocal performance for:" but not for me” and best individual jazz me” and best individual jazz performance for “Ella's swings performance for “Ella's swings lightly”lightly”1960-Honorary membership to 1960-Honorary membership to Alpha Kappa Alpha, the oldest and Alpha Kappa Alpha, the oldest and largest African-American sorority largest African-American sorority in the United Statesin the United StatesGrammy awards, Best Female Grammy awards, Best Female Vocal Performance (single) for Vocal Performance (single) for "Mack the Knife" and Best Female "Mack the Knife" and Best Female Vocal Performance (album) for Vocal Performance (album) for "Ella in Berlin" "Ella in Berlin" 1962-Grammy award, Best 1962-Grammy award, Best Female Solo Vocal Performance Female Solo Vocal Performance for "Ella Swings Brightly With for "Ella Swings Brightly With Nelson Riddle" Nelson Riddle"

Her awardsHer awards19651965Received first ASCAP award in Received first ASCAP award in recognition of an artist recognition of an artist 19671967Grammy award, Bing Crosby Grammy award, Bing Crosby Lifetime Achievement awardLifetime Achievement awardHonorary chairmanship of the newly Honorary chairmanship of the newly formed Martin Luther King formed Martin Luther King Foundation Foundation 19741974University of Maryland names its University of Maryland names its new $1.6 million, 1,200-seat theater new $1.6 million, 1,200-seat theater and concert hall the Ella Fitzgerald and concert hall the Ella Fitzgerald Center for the Performing ArtsCenter for the Performing Arts19761976(April 11) Ella Fitzgerald Day in Los (April 11) Ella Fitzgerald Day in Los AngelesAngelesHonorary Doctorate in Music from Honorary Doctorate in Music from Dartmouth CollegeDartmouth CollegeAward of Distinction from National Award of Distinction from National Association of Sickle Cell DiseasesAssociation of Sickle Cell DiseasesWomen at Work organization's Women at Work organization's Bicentennial WomanBicentennial WomanGrammy award, Best Jazz Vocal Grammy award, Best Jazz Vocal Performance for "Fitzgerald and Performance for "Fitzgerald and Pass…Again" (album)Pass…Again" (album)

19791979Grammy award, Best Jazz Vocal Grammy award, Best Jazz Vocal Performance for "Fine and Mellow" Performance for "Fine and Mellow" (album)(album)Kennedy Center HonorsKennedy Center Honors19801980Will Rogers award from the Beverly Will Rogers award from the Beverly Hills Chamber of Commerce and Hills Chamber of Commerce and Civic AssociationCivic AssociationHonorary Doctor of Music from Honorary Doctor of Music from Howard UniversityHoward UniversityLord & Taylor Rose award for her Lord & Taylor Rose award for her outstanding contribution to musicoutstanding contribution to musicDoctor of Human Letters from Doctor of Human Letters from Talladega College of AlabamaTalladega College of AlabamaGrammy award, Best Female Jazz Grammy award, Best Female Jazz Vocal Performance for "A Perfect Vocal Performance for "A Perfect Match; Ella and Basie" (album)Match; Ella and Basie" (album)19811981Grammy award, Best Female Jazz Grammy award, Best Female Jazz Vocal Performance for "Digital III at Vocal Performance for "Digital III at Montreux" (album)Montreux" (album)19821982Hasty Pudding Club Woman of the Hasty Pudding Club Woman of the YearYearShe has more awards but to much to She has more awards but to much to put on put on

Her TimelineHer Timeline1917 1917 Ella Jane Fitzgerald is born on Ella Jane Fitzgerald is born on April 25th in Newport News, April 25th in Newport News, Virginia. Her parents separate Virginia. Her parents separate shortly after and she moves with shortly after and she moves with her mother to Yonkers, New Yorkher mother to Yonkers, New York

1932 1932 Her mother dies from a heart Her mother dies from a heart attack and, after remaining with her attack and, after remaining with her stepfather for a short time, she goes stepfather for a short time, she goes to live with her aunt in Harlem.to live with her aunt in Harlem.Ella Ella begins “running numbers” and begins “running numbers” and acting as a lookout for a acting as a lookout for a prostitution house. She drops prostitution house. She drops out of high school, and is out of high school, and is eventually picked up by the eventually picked up by the authorities. She is sent to the authorities. She is sent to the Riverdale Children’s Riverdale Children’s Association, a reform school, Association, a reform school, where it is speculated that she where it is speculated that she is abused.is abused.

1934 1934 She runs away from reform She runs away from reform school in the fall and lives on the school in the fall and lives on the streets. On November 21st she wins streets. On November 21st she wins $25 at Apollo’s Amateur Night. She $25 at Apollo’s Amateur Night. She sang Hoagy Carmichael’s song sang Hoagy Carmichael’s song “Judy,” and performed three “Judy,” and performed three encores. The band’s saxophonist encores. The band’s saxophonist Benny Carter is so impressed with Benny Carter is so impressed with her performance he takes her under her performance he takes her under his wing and introduces her to his wing and introduces her to important people in the industryimportant people in the industry

1935 1935 She wins first prize at the She wins first prize at the Harlem Opera House’s amateur Harlem Opera House’s amateur night in January, winning the night in January, winning the chance to perform for a week chance to perform for a week with the Tiny Bradshaw band in with the Tiny Bradshaw band in February. A few months later February. A few months later she joins the Chick Webb band, she joins the Chick Webb band, and by June she is making her and by June she is making her first recording, “Love and first recording, “Love and Kisses.”Kisses.”

1938 1938 In May she records a jazzy In May she records a jazzy playful version of the nursery rhyme playful version of the nursery rhyme “A-Tisket, A-Tasket.” It enters the “A-Tisket, A-Tasket.” It enters the charts at No. 10 on June 18th and charts at No. 10 on June 18th and climbs to No. 2 several weeks later, climbs to No. 2 several weeks later, making her famous. In November, making her famous. In November, the follow-up song “I Found My the follow-up song “I Found My Yellow Basket” rises to No. 3 on the Yellow Basket” rises to No. 3 on the charts.charts.

1939 1939 After drummer Chick Webb After drummer Chick Webb dies in June, the band is renamed dies in June, the band is renamed “Ella Fitzgerald and her Famous “Ella Fitzgerald and her Famous Orchestra.”Orchestra.”

1941 1941 She weds Benny Kornegay She weds Benny Kornegay on December 26th in St. Louis, on December 26th in St. Louis, Missouri. The marriage is Missouri. The marriage is annulled the following year, annulled the following year, citing Kornegay’s criminal past citing Kornegay’s criminal past as grounds for the split.as grounds for the split.

1942 1942 In March she begins In March she begins performing with the smaller performing with the smaller instrumental/vocal group Three instrumental/vocal group Three Keys. In July, she performs for the Keys. In July, she performs for the last time with her orchestra and last time with her orchestra and embarks on a solo career.embarks on a solo career.

1945 1945 She applies her innovative She applies her innovative “scat” technique to the recording “scat” technique to the recording “Flying Home” and the New York “Flying Home” and the New York Times describes it as “one the most Times describes it as “one the most influential vocal jazz records of the influential vocal jazz records of the decade”.decade”.

1947 1947 Weds bass player Ray Weds bass player Ray Brown on December 10th, in Brown on December 10th, in Chicago. Together they adopt a Chicago. Together they adopt a son from Fitzgerald’s half-son from Fitzgerald’s half-sister. They name him Ray sister. They name him Ray Brown Jr.She gets involved Brown Jr.She gets involved with the Foster Parents Plan, with the Foster Parents Plan, thus beginning a lifelong thus beginning a lifelong tradition of supporting tradition of supporting children’schildren’s charities.charities.

1948 1948 Travels to Europe for the first Travels to Europe for the first time to perform in England.The time to perform in England.The following year she performs for following year she performs for Norman Granz’s show, Jazz At The Norman Granz’s show, Jazz At The Philharmonic, at Carnegie Hall. She Philharmonic, at Carnegie Hall. She continues to tour with the show continues to tour with the show over the next 40 years. Granz over the next 40 years. Granz guides her to international fame as guides her to international fame as she tours and records with him she tours and records with him tirelessly month after month.tirelessly month after month.

1952 1952 She divorces Ray Brown.She divorces Ray Brown.

1954 1954 Early in the year she is Early in the year she is hospitalized with a node on her hospitalized with a node on her throat. It takes her six weeks to throat. It takes her six weeks to recover, but by March 24th she recover, but by March 24th she is back in the studio recording is back in the studio recording “I Need.”“I Need.”

1956 1956 She releases a series of eight She releases a series of eight “Songbooks” in eight years with “Songbooks” in eight years with Norman Granz. The albums serve as Norman Granz. The albums serve as a tribute to great composers such a tribute to great composers such as Gershwin and Duke Ellington.as Gershwin and Duke Ellington.

1957 1957 On July 9th, Reuters On July 9th, Reuters reports that Fitzgerald secretly reports that Fitzgerald secretly wed Norwegian Thor Einar wed Norwegian Thor Einar Larsen in Oslo, Norway. She Larsen in Oslo, Norway. She even moves to Norway for a even moves to Norway for a brief time. Afterward it is brief time. Afterward it is reported that Larsen was jailed reported that Larsen was jailed for theft, and the relationship is for theft, and the relationship is soon forgotten.She performs at soon forgotten.She performs at the Copacabana, becoming the the Copacabana, becoming the first African-American to do so.first African-American to do so.

19711971In July she undergoes an In July she undergoes an operation to remove cataracts on operation to remove cataracts on her right eye and treat a her right eye and treat a hemorrhage in her left eye caused hemorrhage in her left eye caused by diabetes.by diabetes.

1977 1977 She establishes the Ella She establishes the Ella Fitzgerald Child Care Center in Los Fitzgerald Child Care Center in Los Angeles.Angeles.

1986 1986 She undergoes five–way She undergoes five–way heart bypass surgery after heart bypass surgery after having a heart attack in August. having a heart attack in August. Nevertheless, Ella continues to Nevertheless, Ella continues to perform.perform.

1991 1991 She performs for the last She performs for the last time at Carnegie Music Hall—time at Carnegie Music Hall—her 26th performance at the her 26th performance at the famed venue.famed venue.

1993 1993 Her legs are amputated as Her legs are amputated as a side effect of diabetes.a side effect of diabetes.

1996 1996 Ella Fitzgerald dies from Ella Fitzgerald dies from diabetes complications on June diabetes complications on June 15th, in Beverly Hills, California, at 15th, in Beverly Hills, California, at the age of 79.the age of 79.

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