Elizabeth I: How successfully did she tackle the problems of her reign: The Spanish Armada
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Elizabeth I: Elizabeth I: How successfully did How successfully did she tackle the she tackle the problems of her problems of her reign: reign: The Spanish Armada The Spanish Armada
Elizabeth I: How successfully did she tackle the problems of her reign: The Spanish Armada
Elizabeth I: How successfully did she tackle the problems of
her reign: The Spanish Armada
Slide 2
How did Elizabeth deal with the problem of the Spanish Armada
of 1588?
Slide 3
Philip II Elizabeth I Duke of Parma
Slide 4
Slide 5
Philips Marriage Proposal, 1560 Philip had been married to Mary
Tudor and had the title King of England. On Marys death in 1558, he
hoped to keep England within the Spanish sphere of influence by
marrying her sister, Elizabeth. Philip tried to woo Elizabeth by
sending her gifts..... Protestant Elizabeth would not marry
Catholic Philip. Knowing that he wanted to get control of England,
Elizabeth ordered her navy to prepare to fight Spain in the future.
Her ships would be well equipped and her sailors well trained over
the years to come.
Slide 6
Francis Drake Since the 1560s, Spanish settlements in South
America and Spanish treasure ships had been attacked by English
sailors such as Francis Drake and Elizabeth secretly encouraged
them.
Slide 7
Philips last hope of returning England to Catholicism died with
Elizabeths execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1587. Mary was
Elizabeths closest blood relative. Philip had hoped that Mary would
become Queen of England on Elizabeths death. Her execution gave
Philip the excuse to go to war with Elizabeth. He began
preparations for an invasion of England.
Slide 8
Santa Cruz 2) An Armada [fleet of ships] of 136 great warships
would sail from Spain towards England and destroy the English fleet
in the Channel. Duke of Parma 1) 30,000 tough men, experienced
Spanish soldiers from the Netherlands would gather in northern
France ready to invade England. They were to be led by the Duke of
Parma, thought to be the best general in Europe. 3) The Armada
would then go on to the Straits of Dover and bring the Spanish army
across to England in huge, flat-bottomed barges. 4) As soon as the
Spanish arrived in England, the English Catholics would rise in
rebellion against the Protestant queen and join Spanish allies to
defeat the army of Elizabeth.
Slide 9
The Armada fleet was gathering in the southern Spanish port of
Cadiz. The Spanish Armada was supposed to sail in 1587. Elizabeth
knighted Drake and choose him to lead English warships against the
Spanish. Drakes daring attack on Cadiz Harbour, destroying 30
Spanish ships, delayed the Armada invasion by one year.
Slide 10
The Armada eventually left on 28 th May 1588.
Slide 11
The Armada is sighted by the English patrol ship, the Golden
Hind.
Slide 12
Slide 13
The Armada had been very successful up to this point and
arrived off Calais in good shape but....
Slide 14
Parma was still in the Netherlands! He was not aware that the
Armada was yet in the English Channel! This is in spite of Medina-
Sidonia sending pinnaces (messenger boats) to inform Parma of the
Armadas whereabouts. The Duke estimated it would take at least two
weeks to get his army to Calais!
Slide 15
It was Sir Francis Drake who came up with the idea for a
Fireship attack against the Spanish fleet at Calais.
Slide 16
Elizabeth inspects her troops at Tilbury, 18 th August and she
made an inspiring speech.
Slide 17
I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have
the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England too, and
I will not allow Philip of Spain or any king of Europe to invade
the borders of my realm. I myself will take up arms, I myself will
be your general and I will reward of every one of your good deeds
in the battlefield. You deserve rewards and crowns; and we do
assure you, in the word of a monarch, they shall be duly paid
you.We shall shortly have a famous victory over those enemies of my
God, of my kingdom, and of my people.
Slide 18
There was no possibility of returning the way the Armada had
came the English blocked the way back. The only way to escape the
English was to go around the northern reaches of Scotland and
Ireland.
Slide 19
Storms around Scotland and Ireland Pounded the Armada
Slide 20
The Armada was finished off by storms as the surviving Armada
ships went around Scotland and Ireland only 60 out of the original
136 ships returned to Spain. Half of the 30,000 men were
killed.
Slide 21
RESULTS OF THE ARMADA DEFEAT 1.England survived as a Protestant
country. 2.Spain's reputation had been weakened in Europe - other
countries were encouraged to rise up in rebellion against the
Spanish. 3.The English Navy was now accepted as the world's best.
4.England began to build an Empire for itself - first in North
America but then in parts of Africa and, later, in parts of
Asia.