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M.J. Ramsey-Musolf Wisconsin-Madison. Electroweak Physics at an EIC: Theory Prospects. NPAC. Theoretical Nuclear, Particle, Astrophysics & Cosmology. http://www.physics.wisc.edu/groups/particle-theory/. INT, October 2009. Questions. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Electroweak Physics at an EIC: Theory Prospects
M.J. Ramsey-MusolfWisconsin-MadisonQuickTime™ and a
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http://www.physics.wisc.edu/groups/particle-theory/
NPACTheoretical Nuclear, Particle, Astrophysics & Cosmology
INT, October 2009
Questions
• What are the opportunities for probing the “new Standard Model” and novel aspects of nucleon structure with electroweak processes at an EIC?
• What EIC measurements are likely to be relevant after a decade of LHC operations and after completion of the Jefferson Lab electroweak program?
• How might a prospective EIC electroweak program complement or shed light on other key studies of neutrino properties and fundamental symmetries in nuclear physics?
Outline
• Lepton flavor violation: e-+A K - + A
• Neutral Current Processes: PV DIS & PV Moller
• Charged Current Processes: e-+A K ET + j
Disclaimer: some ideas worked out in detail; others need more research
Lepton Number & Flavor Violation
• LNV & Neutrino Mass
• Mechanism Problem
• CLFV as a Probe
• K e Conversion at EIC ?
Uncovering the flavor structure of the new SM and its relationship with the origin of neutrino mass is an important task. The observation of charged lepton flavor violation would be a major discovery in its own right.
-Decay: LNV? Mass Term?
e
e
M
W
W
A Z,N
A Z 2,N 2 0.1
1
10
100
1000
Eff
ecti
ve
Mass
(m
eV
)
12 3 4 5 6 7
102 3 4 5 6 7
1002 3 4 5 6 7
1000Minimum Neutrino Mass (meV)
Ue1
= 0.866 m2
sol = 70 meV
2
Ue2
= 0.5 m2
atm = 2000 meV
2
Ue3 = 0
Inverted
Normal
Degenerate
Dirac Majorana
Theory Challenge: matrix elements+ mechanism
mEFF Uek
2mk e2i
k
e
e
0
˜ e
u
u
d
d
˜ e
e
e
M
W
W
u
u
d
d
-Decay: Mechanism
Dirac Majorana
Theory Challenge: matrix elements+ mechanism
mEFF Uek
2mk e2i
k
e
e
0
˜ e
u
u
d
d
˜ e
e
e
M
W
W
u
u
d
d
Mechanism: does light M exchange dominate ?
How to calc effects reliably ? How to disentangle H & L ?
O(1) for ~ TeV
-Decay: Interpretation
0.1
1
10
100
1000
Eff
ecti
ve
Mass
(m
eV
)
12 3 4 5 6 7
102 3 4 5 6 7
1002 3 4 5 6 7
1000Minimum Neutrino Mass (meV)
Ue1
= 0.866 m2
sol = 70 meV
2
Ue2
= 0.5 m2
atm = 2000 meV
2
Ue3 = 0
Inverted
Normal
Degeneratesignal equivalent to degenerate hierarchy
Loop contribution to m of inverted hierarchy scale
Sorting out the mechanism
• Models w/ Majorana masses (LNV) typically also contain CLFV interactions
RPV SUSY, LRSM, GUTs (w/ LQ’s)
• If the LNV process of arises from TeV scale particle exchange, one expects signatures in CLFV processes
• K e Conversion at EIC could be one probe
CLFV, LNV & the Scale of New Physics
e
e
A Z,N
A Z,N
MEG: ~ 5 x 10-14
2e: B->e ~ 5 x 10-17
Also PRIME
!e: M1
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!e: M1 ! R ~
q
q
R = B->e
B->e
Comparison of results could provide diagnostic for scale of CLV
• High scale CLNV ! M1 transitions and R ~
Low scale CLNV ! Penguin operator for conversion and R ~ 1
Lepton Flavor & Number Violation
e
e
A Z,N
A Z,N
MEG: B->e ~ 5 x 10-14
2e: B->e ~ 5 x 10-17
e
*
e
e
Logarithmic enhancements of R
Raidal, Santamaria; Cirigliano, Kurylov, R-M, Vogel
0decay
RPV SUSY
LRSM
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e
*
d
d
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Low scale LFV: R ~ O(1) GUT scale LFV: R ~ O
Lepton Flavor & Number Violation
e
e
A Z,N
X
Exp: B->e ~ 1.1 x 10-7
EIC: ~ 103 | A1e|2 fb
Raidal, Santamaria; Cirigliano, Kurylov, R-M, Vogel
e
*
e
e
˜
e
*
e
e
Logarithmic enhancements of R
e
|A2e|2 < 10-8
EIC: ~ 10-5 fb
If |A2e|2 ~ |A1
e|2
Log or tree-level enhancement:
|A1e|2 / |A2
e|2 ~ | ln me / 1 TeV |2 ~ 100
BKe48 |A2e|2
Need ~ 1000 fb
M1 operator
Penguin op
Refined analysis: Gonderinger & R-M
CLFV & Other Probes
e
e
A Z,N
X
Exp: B->e ~ 1.1 x 10-7
EIC: ~ 103 | A1e|2 fb
he hee
+ h he
+ h he
if RH; PV Moller if LH
Ke(
Doubly Charged Scalars
Ke( hee he
+ he h
+ he h
All hab $ m if part of see-saw
LHC: BRs (in pair prod)
Possible for effects in eCLFV are >> than in eCLFV
LFV w/ leptons: HERA & Rare Decays
Veelken (H1, Zeus) (2007)
Leptoquark Exchange: Like RPV SUSY /w /
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eqq eff op
lq|2 < 10-4 (MLQ / 100 GeV)2
HW Assignment:
• Induce Keat one loop?
• Consistent with BKe? HERA & rare decay limits look stronger
• Connection w/ m & in GUTS ?
• Applicable to other (non-LQ) models that generate tree-level ops?
Gonderinger, R-M in process
Direct probes of LNV
e- + A(Z,N) ! + X
Suppressed?
L(q,e) =
GF2
LNV
C j () O j e j
c h.c.j1
14
O1ab q L
qL q RqR
e.g.
Like with: e !
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and
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sor
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e th
is p
ictu
re.
’111 !
’
211 , ’311
hee !he, he
e- + A(Z,N) ! + W- + X Qu
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LHC: qq’ ! W+* !
Neutral Current Probes: PV
• Effective eq PV couplings in SM & beyond
• New physics ? SUSY, Z’, LQ as illustration
• Probing QCD
C1,2 and Radiative Corrections
Tree Level
C1 f gVf gA
e
Radiative Corrections
C1 f PV (2I3f 4Q fPV ) fsin2 W
Flavor-independent
Normalization Scale-dependent effective weak mixing
Flavor-dependent
Constrained by Z-pole precision observables
Large logs in
Sum to all orders with running sin2W & RGE
C2 f gAf gV
e
Weak Mixing in the Standard Model
Scale-dependence of Weak Mixing
JLab Future
SLAC Moller
Parity-violating electron scattering
Z0 pole tension
PVES & New Physics
e
f
Z 0
˜
˜
e
f
˜ 0
˜ e
e
e
f
f
Z 0
˜ e
…
e
d e
d
˜ q Lj
1j1
1j1
Radiative Corrections
RPV
SUSY Z/ Bosons Leptoquarks
Doubly Charged Scalars
e
Z
e
f
f
e
LQ
q
e
q
e
e
hee
e
e
hee
Semi-leptonic only
Moller only
PVES & APV Probes of SUSY
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Q
WP
, S
US
Y /
QW
P,
SM
RPV: No SUSY DM Majorana s
SUSY Loops
QWe, SUSY / QW
e, SM
g-2
12 GeV
6 GeV
E158
Q-Weak (ep)
Moller (ee)
Kurylov, RM, Su
Hyrodgen APV or isotope ratios
Global fit: MW, APV, CKM, l2,…
Comparing AdDIS and Qw
p,e
e
p
RPV
Loops
Probing Z’ : LHC Discovery
Petriello (CIPANP 09)
Heterotic string motivated Z’
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Probing Z’ : PVES & LHC
Petriello (CIPANP 09)
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See also Chang, Ng, & Wu: 0901.0163
PV Couplings: qReL Leptonic PV Couplings: eL,R
Qweak: Break LHC Sign Degeneracy
LHC: Cone in eL - eR plane Moller: Hyperbola
Probing Leptoquarks with PVES
General classification: SU(3)C x SU(2)L x U(1)Y
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Q-Weak sensitivities:
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SU(5) GUT: m
, prot
LQ 2 15H
Dorsner & Fileviez Perez, NPB 723 (2005) 53
Fileviez Perez, Han, Li, R-M NPB 819 (2009) 139
Leptoquarks: PVES, m& LHC
PV Sensitivities
Fileviez Perez, Han, Li, R-M NPB 819 (2009) 139
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4% QWp
(MLQ=100 GeV)
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LHC Search
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= Mv
PVES, New Physics, & the LHC
e
f
Z 0
˜
˜
e
f
˜ 0
˜ e
e
e
f
f
Z 0
˜ e
…
e
d e
d
˜ q Lj
1j1
1j1
Radiative Corrections
RPV
SUSY Z/ Bosons Leptoquarks
Doubly Charged Scalars
e
Z
e
f
f
e
LQ
q
e
q
< 1.5 TeV Masses
~ few 100 GeV & large tan
e
e
hee
e
e
hee
Moller: ~ 2.5% on APV
PVDIS: ~ 0.5% on APV
Need L ~ 1033 - 1034
Glatzmaier, Mantry, & R-M in process
Could a separate determination of the C2q term in PV DIS provide a more powerful probe than Q-Weak?
Theoretically cleaner at EIC energies compared to Jlab PVDIS: larger Q2 & smaller HT uncertainties ?
Deep Inelastic PV: Beyond the Parton Model & SM
e-
N X
e-
Z* *
d(x)/u(x): large x Electroweak test: e-q couplings & sin2W
Higher Twist: qq and qqg correlations
Charge sym in pdfs
up (x) dn (x)?
d p (x) un (x)?
PVDIS & QCD
Low energy effective PV eq interaction
PV DIS eD asymmetry: leading twist
Higher Twist (J Lab)
CSV (J Lab, EIC)
d/u (J Lab, EIC) +
Bjorken & Wolfenstein ‘78
Isospin decomposition:
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V = isovector
S = isoscalar
y-independent term: C1q
Differences in VV and SS:
C1q terms are “contaminated” only by 4q, double handbag = 4 effects
Isolates 4q HT operator: PVDIS a unique probe
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0.2
• Possible extraction of C1q term at EIC w/ y-dependence?
• Comparison with Jlab PVDIS to extract four-quark HT correction ?
On-going theoretical work:
• QCD evolution of HT contributions
• Use of neutrino data for HT in C2q term
Belitsky, Glatzmaier, Mantry, Paz, R-M, Sacco
Summary
• Precision studies and symmetry tests are poised to discovery key ingredients of the new Standard Model during the next decade
• There may be a role for an EIC in the post-LHC era
• Promising: PV Moller & PV DIS for neutral currents
• Homework: Charged Current probes -- can they complement LHC & low-energy studies?
• Intriguing: LFV with eK conversion:
L dt ~ 103 fb