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Electrostatics

Electrostatics

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Electrostatics. Electrostatics: the study of charges at rest. AKA static electricity. 2 types of charge: + and – In the majority of cases, only the negative charges are mobile. Neutral : equal amnts of + and – charge. No net electric force. Electric Force. Non-contact force - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Electrostatics

Electrostatics

Page 2: Electrostatics

•Electrostatics: the study of charges at rest.•AKA static electricity

Page 3: Electrostatics
Page 4: Electrostatics

•2 types of charge: + and –• In the majority of cases, only the negative charges are

mobile.•Neutral: equal amnts of + and – charge. No net

electric force.

Page 5: Electrostatics

Electric Force

•Non-contact force•Opposite charges attract, like charges repel.

Page 6: Electrostatics

•Attractive forces lead one to conclude that at least one object is charged.

•Repulsive forces provide convincing evidence that both objects must be charged.

Page 7: Electrostatics

•Polarization: the process of separating opposite charges in an object. (Creating poles)

Page 8: Electrostatics

Law of Conservation of Charge

•The total charge (difference between + and – charge) within an isolated system is always constant.

•Charge can’t magically appear or disappear.

Page 9: Electrostatics

Charging by friction

•Ex: shuffling across the carpet in socks.•Outer electrons are the least strongly bound and most

easily shed.•Different materials have different affinities (desire,

love) for electrons.•When in contact, one material may give up some of

its electrons to the other.•Depends on the materials.

Page 10: Electrostatics

• Insulators: hold on to outer e-

•Conductors: weak hold on outer e-. Allow charges to flow freely

Page 11: Electrostatics

Charging by Conduction

• Involves touching a charged object to a neutral object, thereby transferring some charge.

•Charge will spread out uniformly onto the second object.

Page 12: Electrostatics

•A + charged object brought into contact with something neutral will take e- away from that object, leaving both as a + charge.

•Only e- are transferred.

Page 13: Electrostatics
Page 14: Electrostatics

Charging by Induction

•A method used to charge an object without actually touching it to any charged object.

Page 15: Electrostatics

•Ground: a large object that serves as an infinite source of e- or an e- sink.

•Usually the Earth.•Grounding something allows excess charge to flow

into the Earth.

Page 16: Electrostatics