ELECTRONIC · 2019-07-17 · No part of this publicat on may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or

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PT% ILIVIII6JittPrecision Tuner Service P S+411E4Till now available near you

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Now you don't have to turn down jobsjust because the sets

were made in the Far East.

Your Sylvania Distributor hassolved one of your biggest problemsin semiconductor replacements forimported equipment.

Until now, unless your shop wasaround the corner from an importwarehouse, you probably had a toughproblem. Especially for those non -repairable modules.

But not anymore.Sylvania's new ECGTM 1000 series

gives you over 140 new integratedcircuits and modules for imported setsright on your distributor's shelves.

And, thanks to our newest inter-changeability guide (ECG 212E-4),those 140 parts add up to a lot more

GTE Sylvania, Electronic Components Group,100 First Avenue, Waltham, MA. 02154

when it comes to the number of typesthey'll replace.

That means you don't have to watcha profitable repair job walk out the doorjust because getting the parts couldmake it unprofitable.

It also means that you've got one -stop shopping for all of your repairjobs, foreign or domestic.

Whether you need semiconductors,picture tubes or receiving tubes, you'llfind them all at one electronicsupermarket.

Your Sylvania Distributor.

ff"--4 SYLVANIA

DECEMBER 1974, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 1

Let Channel Masterengineers help you!

Anytime you are facec with a MATV SYSTEM design problem, all yon naueto do is send the site plans and system requirements to CHANNEL MASTER'SMATV DIVISION. Cur system design engineers get their heads together andwork out the most efficient and pracIical system at no charge to you.

In most cases Channel Master Applicat. on Specialists are available to assist youwith on site stucies so that you will be sure you have not overlooked anyfactor important to the design and performance of the system.

Channel Master's "total system concept," prov des equipment expert./Enginee-ed to meet and exceed the required specifications of today's mostcomplex MATV systems.

Our coast to coast distributor network is your guarantee that the exact equio-[-I-lent you need is ready and waiting when you need it.

Because Channel Master is the world's largest mznufacturer of televisionreception equipment, we can offer this comprehensive design service tc ycuEt no cost.

Channel Master MATV SystemsDiv. of Avlet, Inc., Ellenvil e. N.Y. 12428

2... for more details cir:le 104 on Reader ferrite Card

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER, DECEMBER 1974

J. W. PHIPPSEditor1 East First StreetDuluth, Minn. 55802(218) 727-8511

ALFRED A. MENEGUSPublisher757 Third AvenueNew York, N.Y. 10017(212) 754-4382

TOM GRENEYPublishing Director

JOSEPH ZAUHARManaging Editor

BERNICE GEISERTProduction Manager

JOHN PASZAKGraphic Design

LILLIE PEARSONCirculation Fulfillment

GENE BAILEYManager, Reader Services

MANAGERS

DAVE HAGELIN43 East Ohio StreetChicago, III. 60611(312) 467-0670

CHUCK CUMMINGSAd Space South/West613 North O'ConnorIrving, Texas 75060(214) 253-8678

KEN JORDANDONALD D. HOUSTON1901 West 8th StreetLos Angeles, Calif. 90057(213) 483-8530

CHARLES S. HARRISONCY JOBSON57 Post StreetSan Francisco, Calif. 94104(415) 392-6794

ROBERT UPTONTokyo, JapanC.P.O., Box 1717

ELECTRONICTECHNICIAN/DEALERDECEMBER 1974 VOLUME 96 NUMBER 12

Cover photo by Karen Steklasa, ET/D Staff Photographer.

FEATURES

12 PROFITABLE AND COMPETITIVE PRICING OF SERVICE LABOR

Your hourly service labor rate should be tailored to your costs of doing business,your labor recovery rate and your profit expectations. This article explains how toto do it. By J. W. Phipps.

20 NEW IN COLOR TV FOR 1915-PART 4

Continuation of a series which analyzes !:he new and significantly changed featuresand circuits in 1975 color TV receivers. Admiral's new chassis are examined thismonth, with special emphasis on the M10 and M30 series. By Joseph Zat.har.

25 SOLVING SYNC PROBLEMS IN SOLID-STATE TV

Theory of operation of a contemporary color TV sync system, followed by a reviewof the causes of common sync trouble symptcms and procedures for diagnosingthem. By Joseph Zauhar.

34 THE EXPANSION OF CITIZENS BAND

How the FCC's proposed ru es for expanding citizens band radio from the present 23channels to 70 and converting it to single-sideband will affect CB servicing. BySkip Meuron.

28 TECH BOOK DIGEST-Troubleshooting Solid -State Multivibrators

Step-by-step procedures for diagnosing troubles in astable, bistable and mono -stable multivibrators, preceded by thorough descriptions of the operation of each.By Ben Gaddis, TAB BOOKS, Copyright 1973.

TEKFAX-Special 10 -year Index, plus schematics for Sony Model KV-1730R, Sylvania

Ch. A22-1, and Zenith Chs. 12CB12X, ZX and 19FC46.

DEPARTMENTS

4 EDI-OR'S MEMO

7 ELECTRONIC ASSOCIATION DIGEST

8 NEWS OF THE INDUSTRY

10 TEC-INICAL LITERATURE

38 TEST INSTRUMENT REPORT

10 TECH DIGEST

12 NEW PRODUCTS

16 DEALER SHOWCASE

50 ADVERTISERS' INDEX

51 READER SERVICE

A HARCOURT BRACE JOVANOVICH PUBLICATION 7.1:411)

HARCOURT BRACE JOVANOVICH PUBLICATIONS: James Milholland, Jr., Chairman; Robert L. Edge'',President; Lars Fladmark, Senior Vice President; Richard Moeller, Treasurer; John G. Reynolds,Vice Presicent; Thomas Greney, Vice President; Ezra Pincus., Vice President; Bruce B. Howat, VicePresident; lames Gherna, Vice President.ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER is published monthly by clarcourt Brace Jovanovich Publications.Corporate Offices: 757 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10017. Advertising Offices: 43 EastOhio Stree, Chicago, Illinois 60611 and 757 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10017. Editorial,Accounting. Ad Production and Circulation Offices: 1 East First Street Duluth, Minnesota 55802.Subscription rates: One year $6, two years $10, three years $13, in the United States and Canada.Other countries: one year $15, two years $24, three years $30. Single copies: 75C in the U.S.and Canada; all other countries $2. Second class postage paid at Duluth, Minnesota 55806 andat additioral mailing offices. Copyright 1974 by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. All rightsreserved. No part of this publicat on may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by anymeans, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage andretrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

POSTMASTER: Send form 3579 tc ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER, P.O. Box 6016, Duluth,Minnesota 55806.


EDITOR'S MEMOCOMING NEXT MONTH IN ET/D:

Testing Transistors In and Out of Circuit

Digital Frequency Counters for Servicing

Troubleshooting Horizontal & High -Voltage Circuits

Pricing Home Service Calls

New in Color TV for 1975-Part 5

Plus the ET/D Annual Subject Reference Index

WHEN YOU'VE GOTSOLID STATE SENSITIVITY

IN A 5" GENERAL SERVICESCOPE WI1H TV -V

&TV -H... YOU'VE GOT

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What's more, the 180-511 delivers calibratedvertical input along with rock -like stability,recurrent sweep and automatic synchronization.This outstanding wide -band oscilloscope vec-torscope is the newest in a series of solid stateinstruments, Leader developed to give you morefor your money. Sweep frequency is in 4 rangesfrom 10Hz to 100Hz and we've added a versatilephasing control, continuous from 0 to 140°.Overall sensitivity is 20mYp-p cm to 10Vp-p/tm

I 0 BO -511

and vertical input is calibrated. The solid-statestability and distortion -free displays are theresult of Leader's exclusive FET input stages plusDC coupling and push-pull amplifiers. Bandwidthis DC to 10MHz. And, there are special inputs toobtain vectored pattern displays for color TV cir-cuit testing. Complete with probe, adapter andtest leads, the LBO -511 weighs just 15 lbs. andis unusually compact.

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During the past year, there has beena major shakeout of home entertain-ment electronics manufacturers. Thetwo most recent developments are thepurchase by GTE Sylvania of thePhilco home entertainment productline, and the acquisition of control ofMagnavox by Dutch -owned NorthAmerican Philips. Earlier in the year,Admiral was bought by Rockwell In-ternational, the home entertainmentproduct line of Motorola was boughtby Matsushita (Panasonic), TeledynePackard Bell discontinued productionof home entertainment electronicproducts, and RCA announced that in

phase out its homeaudio product line.

As a result of these and other merg-ers, sales and dropouts of TV manu-facturers during the past five years, bythe middle of the coming year about90 percent of the TV receivers beingsold in this country will be producedand marketed by only nine manufac-turers-Admiral, General Electric,Magnavox, Panasonic, RCA, Sears(Warwick), Sony, Sylvania and Zenith-of which only six are domesticallyowned and controlled (Admiral, Gen-eral Electric, RCA, Sears, Sylvaniaand Zenith). And about 45 percent ofthe domestic color TV market will beshared by RCA and Zenith, if thesetwo manufacturers are able to retainat least their present shares of thismarket.

Many of the same economic andmarket factors which contributed tothe recent shakeout of TV manufac-turers also have forced the survivingmanufacturers to cut back on thenumber of chassis in their 1975 TVlines.

This combination of fewer TV man-ufacturers and fewer new TV chassisshould he beneficial to servicers. Fewermakes and types of chassis hopefullywill mean less proliferation of partsand modules and, consequently, aneasing of servicers' inventory, service

continued on page 6... for more details circle 116 on Reader Service Card

4 ! ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER, DECEMBER 1974

Avoid serious trouble in color TV setsby using the right replacement capacitor!

polyesterfilm

This capacitor is GREAT for

of your film capacitor

replacements. But . . . it's NOT

::designed for certain

critical applications.

The next time you replace a dipped tubular inof the newer color TV sets, don't automaticallyassume you're replacing an ordinary every-dayfilm or paper capacitor. If it happens to be a deflec-tion capacitor used for commutating or S -shaping,you need a polypropylene or polycarbonate filmreplacement with (1) high a -c current -carrying ca-pability; (2) close capacitance tolerance; (3) goodcapacitance stability. The standard replacement

SPRAGUETYPE PP

polypropylene film

SPRAGUETYPE PM

polycarbonate film

pingare a MUST for critical

commutating and S -shaping

These capacitors

applications.

it the industry, even our superiorType PS dipped tubulars, just won't do the job . . .

and they could cause the set to become inoper-ative again.

Play it safe ... dipped tubulars may look alikeon the surface, but there can be a big difference inthe film dielectric. Keep a supply of Sprague TypePP and PM capacitors on hand for those criticalsituations where ordina -y replacements won't work.

SPRAGUETTYYPPEEPPMP pPoOLLyYcPARORBP0YLNEANTEEFFILII

CAPACITORSAF @ WVDC Cap. Tol. D. x L Cat No. ,.F @ WVDC Cap. Tol. D. x L. Cat. No.

1.75

1.5

.01.015.033.06.081.2

.0018

.0022

@ 100

@ 150

@ 400@ 400@ 400@ 400@ 400@ 400

@ 600@ 600

±5%

±5%

±5%±5%±5%±5%±2%±5%

±5%±5%

.900 x 1.000

.800 x .937

.400 x .750

.450 x .750

.500 x .750

.800 x 1.250

.600 x 1.300

.700 x 1.700

.400 x .750

.400 x .750

PM1-M1.75

PM15-M1.5

PP4-810PP4 S15PP4-S33SPP4-S6OSPP4-S81SPP4-P20

PP6-D18SPP6-D22S

.0039

.01066

.075

022.047051

0018.00200330039

@ 600@ 600

600@@

600

@ 800@ 800@ 800

@ 1600@ 1600@ 1600@ .600

±5%±5%±5%±5%±3%±5%±5%±5%±5%±5%±5%

.400 x .800

.500 x 1.250800 x 1.250.750 x 1.250

.600 x 1.300

.700 x 1.250

.800 x 1.250

500 x 1.300.500 x 1.300.550 x 1.300.600 x 1.300

PP6-D39SPP6-SlOSPP6-S66SPPS-S75S

PP8-S22SPP8-S47SPP8-S51S

PP164)18PP16-D20PP16-D33PP16-D39

For cross-reference information on close -tolerance polypropylene andpolycarbonate film capacitors, showing original part numbers withcorrect Sprague replacements, ask your Sprague distributor for Cross -Reference Guide C-873, or write to: Sprague Products Company,65 Marshall Street, North Adams, Mass. 01247.

THE BROAD -LINE PRODUCER OF ELECTRONIC PARTS

SPRAGUETHE MARK OF RELIABILITY

. . for more details circle 123 on Reader Service Card

DECEMBER 1974. ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 5

Call-backs are just what you and your customers' don't want.Once you install the B -T Horizon VHF two -set ampli-fier, you can forget it, because it's quality built to bereliable. It's the mast -mounted amplifier that thou-sands and thousands of TV installers have found"stays on the roof:'

What makes Horizon so reliable? Solid-state, trouble -free circuitry. Four-way lightning and surge protection.Temperature compensation for all-weather reliability,and two individual amplifier circuits-one for Ch. 2-6and the other for Ch. 7-13.

But the Horizon would not stay on the roof long if it didn't perform. Andperform it does. It's back -matched for clearer color pictures. The patented ICEFcircuit delivers wide dynamic range so that strong signals won't overload weakones. It delivers more than ample gain for weak to medium signal areas for upto two TV sets.

And these are the reasons that made the Horizon one of the fastest and bestsellers ever, and once it's sold, forget it. B -T has the industry's broadest lineof home and MATV TV signal amplifiers-indoors and outdoors.Available from Blonder -Tongue distributors.

For solutions to your reception problems write:Blonder -Tongue Systems Engineering Dept.One Jake Brown Rd., Old Bridge, N.J. 08857.

BLONDERT7ONGUE

EDITOR'S MEMO ...continued from page 4

literature, and parts procurement prob-lems. It also should make it easier forservicers to keep abreast of new tech-nology.

Whether or not these recent devel-opments will help ease servicers' war-ranty -related problems is difficult totell at this time. However, it is pos-sible that the combination of less com-petition plus the economic pressuresof declining sales and increased costswill encourage TV manufacturers tocut back the length of their labor war-ranty periods. If this happens, it willnot completely solve the servicer'sproblem of unrealistic warranty servicelabor rates, but it will make it a lesssignificant problem by putting ailingTV receivers in independent servicers'hands on a nonwarranty, profit -pro-ducing basis sooner.

Although the present inflationary, de-pressed economy is creating the sameproblems for consumer electronic ser-vicers as it is for everyone else, someof the problems faced by servicersshould be offset by an increase in thedemand for out -of -warranty service asmore and more people are forced torepair what they have now instead ofreplacing it. This continuing decline inthe demand for new home entertain-ment electronic products is a mixedblessing for servicers who are also re-tailers; however, it should prove to beboth a short- and long-term blessingfor nonretailing servicers because it isslowing the rate at which existing tubeand hybrid TV receivers are being re-placed by new all -solid-state, modulartypes. This, in turn, should slow therate at which profits from tubes saleshave been declining.

How well consumer electronic ser-vicers will fare in 1975 will depend, inpart, on how well the economy as awhole fares; however, as the new yearbegins, it seems that independent elec-tronic servicers just might have anedge over other types of businesses. Ifso, we've earned it. J. W. Phipps

Comments from our readers arealways welcome. Address yourletters to:

J. W. Phipps, EditorElectronic Technician/Dealer1 East First StreetDuluth, Minnesota 55802

.. for more details circle 102 on Reader Service Card

6 ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER, DECEMBER 1974

ELECTRONICASSOCIATION DIGESTInformation about the activities of national, state and local associa-tions of electronic servicers, dealers and manufacturers. Materialfor publication in this department should be addressed to Service

Association Digest, Ern, 1 East First St., Duluth, Minn. 55802.

NARDA to Offer Three Schools of ServiceManagement in 1975

The National Appliance & Radio -Electronics DealersAssociation, a division of NARDA Inc., has announcedthat in 1975 three NARDA Schools of Service Manage-ment will be held on different dates and in different loca-tions throughout the country, to make it more convenientand less costly for more servicers to attend.

The three Schools of Service Management will cover thesame subjects, but with different speakers and instructors.

The dates and locations of the three schools are: January 26-28-University of San Francisco February 9-11-Hilton Airport Hotel, Philadelphia February 23-25-University of Notre Dame, South

Bend, Indiana

Each school will open on a Sunday afternoon with anopen "bull session," followed by an evening seminar whichexplores the subject of "how to make a profit from service."

Seminars on Monday include topics such as: "How Do IKeep My Technicians From Goofing Off?," "What Can MyFinancial Statements Tell Me?," "How Can I Stay In theWarranty Business When I Can't Get Paid Fairly?," "HowDo I Keep A Proper Inventory?" Topics on Tuesday in-clude: "What Should I Be Charging For Service?," "HowDo I Get My Share Of The Service Contract Pie?," "Help!I'm Drowning In Paperwork!" "How Do I Get My CallTakers To Do A Better Job?," "Am I Getting Routed andDispatched To The Poorhouse?," and "Good Grief, What'sNext?"

The registration fee for NARDA members is $125, in-cluding lodging, meals, tuition and materials. The fee fornon-members is $185. Additional information about theschools can be obtained by writing or calling NARDA, 318W. Randolph St., Chicago, III. 60606, phone (312) 726-5583.

EIA Approves EIA/AEM Merger

The membership of the Electronic Industries Associa-tion (EIA), at the Association's 50th annual convention inBeverly Hills, California, in October, voted final approvalof the merger of EIA and the Association of ElectronicManufacturers (AEM).

AEM had already approved the merger in September.The EIA action cleared the way for formal consummationof the merger at the AEM National Convention in Miamion November 14.

Effective January 1, 1975, members of AEM aLto-matically will become members of the Distributor ProductsDivision of EIA, increasing EIA membership by about 100companies.

EIA is the only national trade association representing thefull spectrum of manufacturers in the electronics in-

dustry. City

I .10A, ORDER FRIG., F.0.. FACTORY.LPluCls6 5,CiFiCA1,01,15 SuBJEC1 10 CM...1GE NOT,CE.

Whatwill you look forin your nextservice scope?

Heath's 4510 has theperformance and featuresyou need to tacklejust about any service job.A good service scope should be more than just a visual volt-meter. It should have the performance necessary to trouble-shoot today's sensitive circui:s. Our 4510 has DC -15 MHzbandwidth, 1 mV/ cm sensitivity, time base sweep to 100 ns/cmand complete dual trace capaoility. And many features thatother manufacturers don't provide at anywhere near the price.0 The post -deflection acceleraled CRT prevents hard -to -readwaveforms by providing a bripter trace...and faster writingspeeds to match those high-speed logic signals.ID Triggering is no problem since trigger bandwidth is typically45 MHz and is guaranteed to 30 MHz. And with the digitally -controlled triggering circuits, there's no stability control to keepadjusting.0 With a X10 probe, the 4510's 1 mV/cm sensitivity allows youto read waveforms down to 10 rrV/cm. With most other scopes,it's impossible to get below 50 or 100 mV/cm.0 Pulse analysis can be difficul: - but not with the 4510. Inter-nal delay lines allow display of at least 20 ns of the pretriggeredwaveform, insuring that the comolete waveform is displayed.The best part of the 4510 is its low price - only $549.95* forthe kit -form 10-4510, $750.00* for the factory assembled SO -4510. Either one gives you the service scope performance youneed at a very practical price.

Send for your free Heath catalogsOur '75 Heathkit Catalog describes theworld's largest selection of electronickit.: - including a lull line of lab andservice instruments. The latest Heath/Schlumberger Assembled InstrumentsCatalog features a complete line of highperformance, low cost instruments forincustnal and educational applications.Seid for your free copies.

, HEATH COMPANY

I1

Dept. 24-12Benton Harbor, Michigan 49022

HEATH

Schlumberger

ID Please send the 1975 Heathkit Catalogill Please send the latest Heath/Schlumberger Catalog

Name

TitleCompany/Institution

I StreetState 71p

7E-31'2


DECEMBER 1974. ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 7

NEWS OF THE INDUSTRY

GTE Sylvania Buys Philco-Ford Home Entertainment Products

GTE Sylvania has acquired the Philco name and distribution rights for home enter-tainment products manufactured by the Home Products Division of Philco-Ford.

On November 1, GTE Sylvania began distributing Philco color and black -and -whiteTV receivers and stereo consoles to established Philco distributors and dealers in theU.S. and Canada.

Philco-Ford will continue to assemble television and stereo consoles and supply themto GTE Sylvania until April 30, 1975, after which Philco-Ford will terminate such man-ufacture, and GTE Sylvania will begin producing all home entertainment products bear-ing the Philco trademark.

Service, parts and warranty obligations will be fulfilled initially by Philco-Ford butsubsequently will be assumed by GTE Sylvania.

The purchase relates only to Philco home entertainment products sold domesticallyand in Canada, and does not involve Philco-Ford's line of home refrigerators andfreezers, its Telesound operations, or its auto products, including radios, air conditionercomponents and electronic controls. All of these will continue to be manufactured, mar-keted and serviced by Philco-Ford.

Sales of Philco home entertainment products to dealers and distributors are beinghandled by a GTE Sylvania sales organization which operates independently of Syl-vania's field sales organization.

Color TV Sales to Dealers Off 21.7% in September, Down 9.3% for FirstNine Months of 1974

Sales of color TV to dealers in September were 21.7 percent below the volume soldduring the same month in 1973, according to the Marketing Services Department of theElectronic Industries Association (EIA).

Total color TV sales to dealers during the first nine months of this year were 9.3percent below total sales during the same period last year.

Total U.S. Market sales to dealers of all categories of consumer entertainment elec-tronic products during the first nine months of 1974 and 1973 are shown below. (Source:EIA Marketing Services Dept.)

Television

FIRST 3 QUARTERSYEAR TO DATE

1974 1973%

CHANGEMonochrome 4,373,967 4,913,973 -11.0Color 5,803,006 6,396,487 - 9.3TOTAL TELEVISION 10,176,973 11,310,460 -10.0

RadioAM 8,690,337 12,102,592 -28.2FM 14,459,316 13,294,576 + 8.8TOTAL 23,149,653 25,397,168 - 8.9AUTOMOBILE 7,679,967 9,440,955 -18.7TOTAL RADIO 30,829,620 34,838,123 -11.5

PhonographPortable & Table* 2,957,648 4,123,259 -28.3Console 568,303 598,300 - 5.0TOTAL PHONOGRAPH 3,525.951 4,721,559 -25.3

*Includes compact and component systems.

Number of Employed TV Technicians to Decline Says MIT Study

By 1980, the number of employed TV technicians will have declined from the esti-mated 137,000 employed in 1970 to about 126,000, according to the recently reportedfindings of a study conducted by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) andfinanced by the National Science Foundation.

The report, published this summer by MIT's Center for Policy Alternatives, and

8 I ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER, DECEMBER 1974

titled The Productivity of Servicing Consumer Durable Products, says that the declinein employed TV technicians will be attributable to advances in technology which reducethe incidence of need for service and improve the ease with which TV receivers can berepaired.

Philips Buys Control of Magnavox

North American Philips Development Corporation, a subsidiary of Philips, the giantDutch electronics firm, has purchased controlling interest in Magnavox.

FTC Issues Rule Covering Audio Amplifier Power Output Ratings

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has announced the adoption of aTrade Regulation Rule which establishes standard methods by which all manufacturersmust evaluate and advertise the power output, power band (power frequency response)and distortion characteristics of home entertainment audio amplifiers which exceed 2watts per channel or 2 watts total output power.

The Rule, which has been under consideration by the FTC for over ten years, be-came effective November 4 of this year.

The Rule stipulates that whenever the power output, power band (power frequencyresponse) or distortion characteristics are stated either directly or indirectly, in connectionwith the advertising, sales or offering for sale of a sound power amplification device "thefollowing disclosures must be made clearly, conspicuously and more prominently thanany other representations or disclosures":

(a) The manufacturer's rated minimum sine wave continuous average power output,in watts, per channel (if the equipment is designed to amplify two or more channelssimultaneously)

(i) For each load impedance required to be disclosed in paragraph (b) of sec-tion, when measured with resistive load or loads equal to such (nominal) load impedanceor impedances, and

(ii) Measured with all associated channels fully driven to rated per channel power;(b) The load impedance or impedances, in ohms, for which the manufacturer de-

signs the equipment to be used by the consumer;(c) The manufacturer's rated power band or power frequency response, in Hertz

(Hz), for each rated power output required to be disclosed in paragraph (a) (i) of thissection; and

(d) The manufacturer's rated percentage of maximum total harmonic distortion atany power level from 250 mw to the rated power output, for each such rated power out-put and its corresponding rated power band or power frequency response.

The rule also stipulates that the following conditions must be adhered to during test-ing required to establish power output ratings and related characteristics:

(a) The power line voltage shall be 120 volts AC (230 volts when the equipmentis made for foreign sale or use, unless a different nameplate rating is permanently affixedto the product by the manufacturer in which event the latter figure would control),RMS, using a sinusoidal wave containing less than 2 percent total harmonic content. Inthe case of equipment designed for battery operation only, tests shall be made with thebattery power supply for which the particular equipment is designed and such test volt-age must be disclosed under the required disclosures of Section 2 of this Rule. If capableof both AC and DC battery operation, testing shall be with AC line operation:

(b) The AC power line frequency for domestic equipment shall be 60 Hz, and 50

Hz for equipment made for foreign sale or use;(c) The amplifier shall be preconditioned by simultaneously operating all channels

at one-third of rated power output for one hour using a sinusoidal wave at a frequencyof 1000 Hz;

(d) The preconditioning and testing shall be in still air and an ambient temperatureof at least 77°F (25°C);

(e) Rated power shall be obtainable at all frequencies within the rated power bandwithout exceeding the rated maximum percentage of total harmonic distortion after in-put signals at said frequencies have been continuously applied at full rated power fornot less than five (5) minutes at the amplifier's auxiliary input, or if not provided, atthe phono input.

(f) At all times during warm-up and testing, tone, loudness -contour and other con-trols shall be preset for the flattest response.

DECEMBER 1974, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/ DEALER 9

TECHNICALLITERATURE

Solid -State DatabooksThe SSD-200B seven -volume, 4300 -

page set 01 1974 Databooks is nowavailable on RCA's complete commer-cial line of linear integrated circuits,discrete MOS devices, COS/ MOS digi-tal integrated circuits, power transis-tors, thyristors, rectifiers, RF and mi-crowave devices, hybrid circuits, andhigh -reliability ICs and discrete de-

vices. The SSD-200B series containscomplete technical data sheets and ap-plication notes on all commercial typesin the RCA inventory as of January 1,1974. The seven volumes contain dataon 1664 basic types, many of whichare available in various packages andlead configurations. This number in-cludes 434 new commercial types in-troduced during 1973. The books maybe obtained individually or in sevenvolume sets. The Databooks may beordered by individual volume for$2.00 each or the seven -volume set for$14.00. RCA Solid -State Division, Box3200, Somerville, NJ. 08876.

For a limited time, you can save $4.65on a package of four Model C-511Color-Brites -over a dollar a britener -and get a handsome belt buckle free.

Antique reproduction belt buckles are all the rage today. We'veselected four of the most wanted designs- (Wells Fargo, WinchesterRifles, Budweiser and Rolls Royce) in brass and pewter finishes.They normally sell for $5.95 or more, and fit most belts.

Perma Power Model C-511 Color-Brites are the most needed today.They immediately improve sharpness, detail, and contrast of fadedcolor pictures. They normally sell for $6.15 each, and fit most sets.Hurry to your distributor today!

tt PErma powEr Chamberlain Manufacturing CorporationPerma Power Division545 Larch Avenue. Elmhurst. Illinois 60126Telephone (312) 279-3600

Serviceman/Technician CatalogA 48 -page, illustrated, discount

mail-order catalog is now available.This catalog has been specifically de-signed as a quick reference orderingguide for use by radio/TV servicemenand other electronic technicians. In-cluded are tools, service and repairkits, tubes, test equipment, phonocartridges and needles, speakers andmicrophones, antennas, componentsand many other servicing aids of vari-ous major manufacturers. All productsare shown with their prices. FordhamRadio Supply Co., 558 Morris Ave.,Bronx, NY. 10451.

Test EquipmentA 6 -page, condensed catalog featur-

ing a broad line of electronic test andmeasuring instruments for laborato-ries, industry, schools and radio/TVservicing is now available. The catalogfeatures the most popular units in aline of over 100 electronic kits andfactory assembled instruments. ElcoElectronic Instrument Co., Inc., 283 MaltaSt., Brooklyn, NY. 11207.

Test InstrumentsA 32 -page catalog, No. 811/14,

listing frequency counters, oscillo-scopes, power supplies, meters, gener-ators, strip charts recorders, analog-digital designer systems and Malm-stadt-Enke lab stations for teachingand research is now available. Heath/Schlumberger Instruments, Benton Har-bor, MI. 49022.

Color TV Test JigInformation on Sylvania's CK1500X

CHEK-A-COLOR and RIG -A -JIGCK1900X color test jigs and theentire line of test equipment acces-sories may be obtained from theMarketing Dept., GTE Sylvania, 100First Ave., Waltham, Mass. 02154

Electronic ProductsA 42 -page, 1974/75 Short Form

Catalog containing more than 4000product listings is now available. Thecatalog provides product data andprices of major product lines includingtelephone jacks, plugs, switches, con-nectors, molded cable assemblies, andaudio accessories. A numerical -alpha-betical index shows the page number,column, and line number location ofevery product in the catalog. The in-dexing concept is of particular impor-tance to representatives and distribu-tors. Sales Dept., Switchcraft, Inc., 5555No. Elston Avenue. Chicago. IL.60630. IN

10. . . for more details circle 119 on Reader Service Card

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER, DECEMBER 1974

New lifefor the old

test jig.Maxe it a solia-state tester with ournew Sylvania Rig-A-JigTM CK1900X.

The old test jg you used with tube -setchassis can work full time again. Connect thenew Sylvania Rig -A -Jig CK1900X to it andpresto-you have a test jig for solid-state andhybrid TV as well.

The Rig -A -Jig CK1900X has a self-containedancde voltmeter, a complete set of yokeprogrammers, and an internal focus supply.

And, it will give yoL a close impedancemach in receiver deflection circuits for almostany hybrid or sclid-state sets you might haveto service. And these connections are easy tomake with up -front, highly accessiblereceptacles.

With simple modifications, you can givenew life to your old test jig so it can handle setswit') 350 to 500 AH SCR sweep, 1 and 3 mH fortransformer sweep, o' tube and hybrid sets withyoke inductances from 7, 12, and 16 mH.Instruction sheets and set-up manual are alsoincluded.

Ask your Sylvania distributor for moreinformation.

Rig -A -Jig a<1900X. The newest addition tothe versatile family of Chek-A-Color'" TestEquipment.

(-14 SYLVANIA

GTE Sylvania, Electronic Components Group,100 First Avenue, Waltham, Mass. 02154.


Profitable andCompetitive Pricing ofService Labor By J W PhIpps

How to compute the hourly service labor rate you

must charge to realize the profit you desire

Profitable pricing is, simply stat-ed, a matter of selling a product orservice for more than it cost you tobuy it or produce it. To determineat what price you must sell a prod-uct or service to realize a specificprofit, you first must determine whatit cost you to produce and sell it,or buy it and resell it. For this rea-son, accurate cost accounting is anessential part of profitable pricing.

Most electronic servicing busi-nesses have two separate but inter-dependent profit -producing func-tions:

The production and sale ofservice labor The purchase and resale of re-placement parts (including tubesand semiconductors)Ideally, for the purposes of cost

accounting, pricing and profit com-putation, these two profit -producingfunctions should be treated as com-pletely separate profit centers, oroperations.

However, because of the inherentinterdependency of these two profit -producing functions, many of thecosts of operating an electronic ser-vicing business are shared by bothand cannot be accurately appor-tioned between the two. To do sowould require a cost accounting sys-tem so complex and time consum-ing that it would be self-defeating.

Despite the fact that some of theshared costs cannot be accuratelyapportioned between the two profitfunctions, there are four factorswhich still make it possible to treatthem as completely separate profitcenters for the purposes of pricingand profit analysis:1) About 90 percent or more of theseemingly shared costs would nor-

mally be incurred by the businesseven if it did not purchase and resellreplacement parts. Consequently, allof these costs realistically can becharged against the cost of produc-ing and selling service labor.2) The amount the business paysfor replacement parts has no directbearing on the cost of producing andselling service labor, and, conse-quently, the total amount can becharged to the function of purchas-ing and reselling replacement parts.3) The of gros.t receipts(income) received front the sale ofservice labor has no direct bearingon the function of purchasing andreselling replacement parts.4) The amount of gross receiptsreceived from the resale of replace-ment parts has no direct bearing onthe function of producing and sell-ing service labor.

Thus, all cost involved in theoperation of the business, except theamount the business pays for re-placement parts, can be chargedagainst the service labor profit cen-ter. The only cost to be chargedagainst the replacement parts profitcenter is the amount the businesspays for replacement parts. (Theonly exception to these guidelines isthe total payroll costs for a partsman, if one is employed specificallyfor this function, in which case hissalary and fringe benefits also wouldbe charged to the replacement partsprofit center.)

A hypothetical example of howan electronic service business isoperated as two separate profit cen-ters and how this concept appliesto profitable and competitive pricingof service labor is described in thefollowing paragraphs.

COMPUTING TOTAL SERVICELABOR COSTS

Assume that you are the owner/manager of Main Street TV inPopulartown, U.S.A. You employfour full-time technicians and a sec-retary/bookkeeper who, with yourpart-time assistance, also serves as acall -taker and billing clerk.

Most of your time is spent man-aging the business and "chasing"parts, although you occasionally doreturn to the service bench whenone of your bench technicians needshelp or is absent from work.

You are now in the process of de-termining whether or not your pres-ent hourly service labor rate is suffi-cient to provide you the profit youdesire from your business during thenext twelve months. You anticipatethat inflation will increase your totalcost of doing business by about 10percent and, if you do not readjustyour hourly service labor rate, yourprofit will decrease correspondingly.

The first step you have taken isto list all of your costs of doingbusiness during the previous 12 -month period. (You obtained themfrom the comprehensive accountingsystem established for you by youraccountant, and maintained by youand your bookkeeper.) To each ex-pense you have added the amountthat you know or anticipate that itwill increase. The resultant list isshown in Table 1. Note that thesecosts total $93,784, including thesalary you will pay yourself.

Before you will be able to realizeany profit from the sale of servicelabor, you will have to sell morethan $93,784 worth of service la-bor manhours.

BUILDING IN THE PROFITThere are at least five widely ac-

cepted methods, or formulas, whichcan be used to determine theamount of profit you should rea-sonably expect from your business.They are: Turnover of working capital Ratio of profits to tangible net

worth Turnover of tangible net worth Turnover of inventory Net profit to net sales.

Because your working capital, in-ventory and total investment inMain Street TV are still relatively


TABLE 1

COSTS OF PRODUCING SERVICE LABORTECHNICIAN WAGES & PAYROLL EXPENSES

Technician Wages $44,720Employer Social Security Contribution 1,230Employer Unemployment Contribution 895Employer Life & Medical Insurance Contribution 1,200Employer Pension Contribution 474

$48,519GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

Secretary/ Bookkeeper Wages . $ 8,320Employer Social Security Contribution 229Employer Unemployment Contribution 166Employer Life & Medical Insurance Contribution 300Employer Pension Contribution 100

Building Lease 3,600Utilities (including heating & air conditioning) 1,500Telephone 500Office Equipment Depreciation 100Office Supplies 600Advertising Expenses 1,000Legal/Auditor Fees .. . 400Insurance (All other than employee) 800Taxes (all other than Fed. & State income tax withholding) 800Interest & Bank Charges . . 800Misc. (Assoc. dues, subscriptions, license fees, etc.) 300

$19,515OPERATING EXPENSES

Owner's Salary $18,000Social Security Contribution 990Unemployment Contribution 360Life & Medical Insurance Premiums 400Pension Premium 300

Vehicle Operating & Maintenance Expenses 1,800Vehicle Depreciation . 2,400Shop Equipment Depreciation 1,000Expendable Items, Shop (cleaners, solder, tape, etc.) 400Service Literature 100

$25,750

TOTAL SERVICE LABOR BUSINESS COSTS $93,784

TABLE 2

ANNUAL SERVICE LABOR RECEIPTS REQUIREDFOR DESIRED PROFIT

1) TOTAL SERVICE LABOR COSTS (TABLE 1)

2) DESIRED PROFIT EQUALS 20% GROSS SERVICE LABOR INCOME

3) TOTAL SERVICE LABOR COSTS (TABLE 1)DESIRED PROFIT, or

4

$93,784$23,446

4

4) DESIRED PROFIT + TOTAL SERVICE LABOR COSTS - REQUIRED ANNUALGROSS SERVICE LABOR INCOME, or

$23,446 + $93,784 = $117,230

$93,784

small compared to the volume ofbusiness you do, you feel that usingthe first four methods of computingyour profit expectations would pro-duce an amount substantially lessthan the realistic profit potential ofyour business. For this reason, youhave chosen the net -profit -to -net-sales method, and, after analyzingthe profits produced by businesses

comparable to yours, you have de-cided that 20 percent of net sales isa realistic profit margin for yourbusiness.

As stated previously, to breakeven, your net receipts from the saleof service labor must equal yourtotal business costs, which are $93,784. To compute what your totalservice labor net receipts must be to

realize a 20 percent net profit, youdivide your total business costs by 4(this figure is used only for 20 per-cent, other percentages of profitwould require a different figure),and you then add the answer to yourtotal business costs, as shown inTable 2. The sum of these two fig-ures ($117,230) is the total receiptsyou must receive from the sale ofservice labor to recover your busi-ness costs plus realize a 20 percentmargin of profit during the upcom-ing 12 -month period.

COM3UTING THE BILLABLEMANHOURS

Your next step is to determinehow many service labor manhoursyou will have available which canbe billed directly to customers toproduce the $117,230 net receiptsyou must receive to recover expens-es and realize your 20 percent prof-it.

As shown in Table 3, each ofyour four technicians receives payfor 40 hours per week. Multiplyingthe 40 hours per week by the 52weeks in a year produces 2080hours per year per technician. Mul-tiplying this figure by the number oftechnicians (4) indicates that yourshop produces a total of 8320 man-hours per year.

However, all of these 8320 man-hours will not be available for directbilling to customers. The 2 weeksof paid vacation and the 5 paid holi-days you give each technician duringthe year are nonproductive timewhich must be deducted from the8320 manhours for which you pay.Deducting the total of 480 man-hours lost to vacations and holidaysleaves a total of 7840 manhours ofon-the-job time.

Although your four technicianswill be on the job a total of 7840manhours, a percentage of this timewill be lost to activities such as cof-fee breaks and training time, themanhours for which, again, cannotbe billed directly to customers.Based on previous experience, youdecide that you can continue to holdsuch lost time to no more than 20percent of the total manhours yourtechnicians are available for work.(The percentage of total manhoursof on-the-job time which actuallycan be billed directly to customers


is called labor recovery rate. A la-bor recovery rate of 80 percent isconsidered good for a service -typebusiness.)

Multiplying the total manhoursyour technicians are on the job(7840) by the anticipated 80 per-cent labor recovery rate tells youthat you will have a total of 6272manhours which can be billed di-rectly to customers during the 12 -month period.

COMPUTING THE HOURLYSERVICE LABOR RATE NEEDED

TO PRODUCE THE SERVICELABOR RECEIPTS REQUIREDFOR EXPENSES AND PROFITAt this point, you have deter-

mined two principle factors: To recover business costs and

realize a 20 percent profit on netservice labor sales, you must re-ceive $117,230 from service la-bor sales during the 12 -monthperiod

You will have 6272 service labormanhours available for directbilling to customers

As shown in Table 4, dividing thetotal service labor receipts required($117,230) by the number of bill-able manhours available (6272)tells you that the hourly service la-bor rate you must charge to re-cover all business costs plus realizethe desired profit is $18.70.

This hourly service labor rate isnot the absolute minimum you cancharge and still realize the desiredoverall profit. It merely serves as areference, or standard, againstwhich you can apply other variablefactors which affect your servicelabor pricing. These other factorsinclude: 1) profit realized from thesales of replacement parts, 2) com-petition, and 3) unanticipated busi-ness costs.

BUILDING IN PROFIT FROMREPLACEMENT PARTS SALES

At this point, you have computedthe hourly service labor rate neededto recover the costs involved in yourservice labor profit center plus a 20percent profit.

Now you are ready to determinehow much net profit you can rea-sonably expect from your replace-ment parts profit center during theupcoming 12 -month period, andhow much this net profit will permit

TABLE 3

SERVICE LABOR MANHOURS AVAILABLE FORDIRECT BILLING TO CUSTOMERS

TOTAL SERVICE LABOR HOURS PER YEAR PER TECHNICIAN 2080 Hrs.

NUMBER OF FULL-TIME TECHNICIANS X 4TOTAL SERVICE LABOR MANHOURS PER YEAR 8320 Hrs.

MANHOURS DEDUCTED FOR PAID VACATIONS & HOLIDAYSVacations (2 wks. per year per technician) 320 Hrs.Holidays (5 days per year per technician) 160 Hrs.

TOTAL 480 Hrs.

Service Labor Manhours Per Year 8320 Hrs.Service Labor Manhours Deducted for Vacations & Holidays - 480 Hrs.TOTAL Manhours Technicians on Job 7840 Hrs.

LABOR Recovery Rate (80%) X .80TOTAL SALEABLE MANHOURS 6272 Hrs.

TABLE 4

SERVICE LABOR HOURLY RATE REQUIRED

SERVICE LABOR INCOME REQUIRED (TABLE 2) $117,230

- $18.70 per Hr.TOTAL SALEABLE MANHOURS (TABLE 3) = 6272 Hrs.

you to reduce your hourly servicelabor rate, if competition or anyother factor forces you to do so, andstill realize an effective overall netprofit of 20 percent of service laborreceipts from your business.

During the previous 12 -monthperiod your net sales of replacementparts totaled $20,000. Your costsof these replacement parts were$10,000, producing a net profit of$10,000. You anticipate the samevolume and profit during the up-coming 12 -month period.

If your competition will permityou to charge the $18.70 hourlyservice labor rate you computedpreviously, the $10,000 net profitfrom your replacement parts profitcenter can be added to the net profityou will realize from your servicelabor center.

COMPUTING THE ABSOLUTEMINIMUM HOURLY SERVICE

LABOR RATE NEEDED TOPRODUCE THE MINIMUM

PROFIT YOU DESIRE

As determined previously, theminimum annual net profit you de-sire from your business is anamount equal to 20 percent of netservice labor receipts. If you canrealize all of this profit from yourservice labor profit center, all of thenet profit you realize from yourparts replacement profit center canbe considered a "bonus."

However, if competitive factorsin your market area will not permityou to charge the $18.70 hourlyservice labor rate needed to realizeall of your desired minimum annualnet profit from yourprofit center, a percentage of it willhave to come from the replacementparts profit center. In effect, youwill have to use a percentage of thenet profit realized from replacementparts sales to offset the amount ofservice labor receipts lost as a resultof having to reduce your hourlyservice labor rate. The maximumpercentage that service labor re-ceipts (and, therefore, your hourlyservice labor rate) can be reducedis an amount equal to the total netprofit you realize from replacementparts.

The $10,000 net profit you an-ticipate from sales of replacementparts is 8.5 percent of the total ser-vice labor receipts of $117,230 youneed to recover business costs andrealize a profit of 20 percent fromservice labor. Therefore, the mostyou can reduce your hourly servicelabor rate and still realize the de-sired minimum total net profit is 8.5percent of $18.70, or $1.60. Yourabsolute minimum hourly servicelabor rate is $18.70 minus $1.60, or$17.10. NEXT MONTH: How to ComputeYour Flat -Rate Charge for HomeService Calls.


How to crackthe Japaneseoriginal equipmenttransistor problem.

Until now, there wasn't much you could do about thelong delays in getting original transistor replacementsfor Japanese TV and audio equipment. IR has changedthe picture. Now you can speed customer service withIR's DK22 Kit of 31 OEM transistors most often calledout by Sony, Panasonic, Hitachi, JVC, Pioneer andToshiba, and for many sets made in Japan for Sears,Penney's, Montgomery Ward and others.

These are not "Universal Replacements."They are exactly the same parts used inoriginal equipment. They're made in Japan,but are now as close to you as your localIR Distributor. Each DK22 Kit contains oneeach of the 31 types listed in the box atright to put exact replacements right atyour fingertips.

Last year, more Japanese -built TV's were sold in thiscountry than any single U.S. brand. And the sametransistors are used in Japanese stereos, tape record-ers and other entertainment equipment. Crack thisfast-growing, lucrative service market with a DK22 Kit.Call your local IR Distributor today. You'll get a $42.78value for only $34.23 . . . less than the price you'd pay

Japanese factory distributors.

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New in Color TV for1975 -Part 4 By Joseph Zauhar

Continuation of a series which analyzes

the new and significantly changed

circuits in 1975 color TV receivers. This

month: Admiral

The newest feature inAdmiral's 1975 color TVline is the inline picturetube. Most of the 19 -inch(measured diagonally)screen size TV models willfeature the Super -Solar -color Black Matrix picturetube. The top -of -the -line25 -inch (measured diago-nally) console line willemploy the modular, all -solid -state SS1000 chassis.The significantly changedfeatures on this chassis

include a VoltageRegulator Transformersystem and a new horizon-tal and vertical countdown

system which eliminatesthe horizontal and verticalhold control.

Five chassis are em-ployed in the color TVline produced by the Ad-miral Group of RockwellInternational: The K 10,K19 and M24 are carry-over chassis without sig-nificant changes. The M10and 1M30 are new solid-state chassis just intro-duced. The K10 chassis isused with (2) 12-, (2)13-, (2) 16-, (2) 17-,(2) 18- and (3) 19 -inch(measured diagonally)screen size models. The

K19 chassis is used with(1) 19-, and (8) 25 -inch(measured diagonally)screen size models. TheM10 chassis is used with(3) 17 -inch, and (9) 19 -inch (measured diagonal-ly) screen size models.The M24 chassis is usedwith (1) 25 -inch (mea-sured diagonally) screensize model. The 1M30chassis is used in (13) 25 -inch screen size consoles.

1M30 COLOR TVCHASSIS

The 1M30 color TVchassis (Fig. 1) isequipped with nine mod-ules, including the conver-gence board, which ismounted around the neckof the picture tube. Mod-ules mounted on the mainchassis are secured withwing -type fasteners, whichrelease the module whenrepositioned a quarter of aturn. Connections to themodules are through easilyremoved plug-in and push -in type connectors, all of

which are on the top edgesof the modules.

The circuitry on themodules, which comprisesmost of the circuitry in thechassis is clearly road -mapped on the top of themodule, with key pointsand components markedfor quick identification.All components aremounted on the top of thechassis.

The components andmodules are laid out onthe schematic in the samephysical arrangement asthey are on the chassis.

Removal of two hold-down screws permits therail -mounted chassis to beslid out eight inches forconvenient component ormodule replacement.

Most circuits employedin this chassis are similarto those employed in itspredecessor M25 color TVchassis.

Major changes havebeen made in the LowVoltage Power Supply,Vertical and Horizontal

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20 ' ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER, DECEMBER 1974

Sync circuits and theChroma Amplifier andDemodulator circuits.

Low Voltage PowerSupply

The type of power sup-ply used in the 1M30 col-or TV chassis is a VoltageRegulated Transformer(VRT) System. Regula-tion of the supply voltagesis accomplished by thepower transformer.

Because of the physicalconstruction and magneticdesign of the transformer,square wave voltages of

fixed amplitudes are pro-vided by the outputs of itssecondary windings. It isoperated in saturation andis tuned to the line reso-nance by the oil -filled ca-pacitor, C122, shown inFig. 2. When an input linevoltage of 100 to 135 vAC is applied to its pri-mary winding, the outputvoltage at the secondarywinding is clipped on thetips of each alternation,forming a square wave offixed amplitude. Fluctua-tions in line voltages causean inverse clipping action,

Fig. 2-Schematic diagram of the power supply used in the 1M30 coin'TV chassis, employing a Voltage Regulated Transformer System. Courfesy of Admiral.

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and the peak -to -peak out-put voltage of the squarewave remains at a con-stant amplitude. Thissquare -wave output is thenapplied to the rectifier cir-cuits and line voltagechanges of ±10 percentare isolated from the B+supply lines, providingvoltage regulation.

Two full -wave bridgerectifiers are used to pro-vide B+ source voltagesof +25 v, +75 v, +130v and +250 v which areall constant because of theregulated AC input supplyvoltages.

Horizontal and VerticalCountdown Circuit

A new horizontal and

vertical countdown systemis used in the 1M30 colorTV chassis. This systemeliminates the vertical holdcontrol and the horizontalhold control is preset atthe factory.

The countdown circuitemploys horizontal signalobtained from the horizon-tal processor (Fig. 3)1C801 and counts downthe horizontal signal fre-quency to the vertical scanrate. Negative -going pulsesat the vertical sweep rateare obtained from the out-put of 1C800 (Fig. 4).These pulses are used todrive the predriver stage(Fig. 5) (Q600) and toinitiate the saw -formingaction of capacitor C600,

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Fig. 3-Horizontal Processor integrated circuit IC801. Courtesy of Ad-miral.

Fig. 5-The vertical predriver stages are contained in the M600 Ver-tical Module. Courtesy of Admiral.


Fig. 6-Chroma Amplifier and Demodulator integrated circuit IC401

and associated circuits. Courtesy of Admiral.

which changes the pulse -like waveform into a saw -tooth waveform. Integrat-ed Circuit IC800 takes theplace of a vertical oscilla-tor circuit and because thevertical signal is derivedfrom the fixed frequencyhorizontal signal, no verti-cal hold control is neces-sary.

Frequency doubled hor-izontal signal (31 KHznegative -going pulses) iscoupled to Terminal 1 ofIC800. The output signalof IC801, the horizontalprocessor circuit, is a fre-quency doubled horizontalsignal (31 KHz negative -going pulses) which iscoupled to Terminal 1 ofIC800. A flip-flop circuitcontained in IC800 di-vides this signal by twoand then couples the sig-nal to output Terminal 2of IC800, which is tied tothe base of Q800, the hor-izontal driver stage. Thefrequency of this pulsesignal is at the horizontalsweep rate.

The incoming 31 KHzpulse signal at Terminal 1also is applied to a count-er string consisting of tenflip-flop circuits containedin IC800. The 31 KHzsignal is then "counteddown" to the verticalsweep rate. Negative -go-ing pulses at the vertical

frequency rate can now beobtained at Terminal 7 ofIC800. This derived signalis then applied to the verti-cal predriver stage (Q600)where saw -forming andamplification takes place,providing the pulse whichinitiates vertical retrace.

Vertical sync signal(negative -going) from thesync separator transistor iscoupled into IC800 Ter-minals 4 and 14 for syn-chronization. All externalcomponents relating tothese terminals provide di-viding and waveshapingnetworks, which are neces-sary to meet the input re-quirements of IC800.

With the absence of thevertical sync signal (nosignal condition) verticalretrace (in time sequencewith the leading edge ofthe output pulse) is start-ed on the horizontal line"541" to maintain verticalsweep.

With the vertical syncsignal being out -of -phase(this occurs during chan-nel change), the counterinitiates retrace regardlessof correct count (as duringno signal condition).

When the vertical syncsignal is in phase (normalviewing), the counter initi-ates retrace on horizontalline "525." This will pro-vide a vertically locked -in

Fig. 7-Rear view of the 4M10 chassis employed in an Admiral tablemodel color TV set. Courtesy of Admiral.

picture. If adverse condi-tions exist, such as verticalsync missing the equaliz-ing pulses, the counterinitiates retrace from thevertical sync signal.

The B+ supply voltagefor IC800 (at Terminal3) is supplied from the24 v source through resis-tor R801 and regulated byzener diode D801.

Chroma Amplifier andDemodulator Circuits

A plug-in integrated cir-cuit (Fig. 6) IC401, per-forms three functionswhich include chroma am-plification, color killeroperation, and color dif-ference demodulation. Sixchroma circuits are usedto accomplish the threefunctions.

The previous similarchassis M25 used two in-tegrated circuits to accom-plish the functions.

The composite videosignal received from theVideo/Chroma BufferAmplifier transistor, Q204,is coupled through C428and C429 to the chromainput terminal 2 of theChroma Processor module.Components L405, C447,

R426 and the tilt adjust-ment, R425, form a tunedcircuit to select and passonly chroma and high fre-quency signals. This net-work shapes the chromaresponse of the chromaband-pass informationwhich can be slightly al-tered by the tilt adjust-ment. The chroma signalreceived from Terminal 2,is then applied to the in-put of the Chroma Am-plifier No. 1 contained inIC401. The AutomaticColor Control (ACC)connected to Terminals 1and 16 of IC401, deter-mines the gain of thechroma amplifier and col-or killer detection. TheDC ACC voltage (ob-tained from the ACC de-tector contained in IC400)is applied and establishedin balance and magnitudeby the input circuit con-sisting of R454, R453,R452 and C432. Whenthe chroma set-up jumperconnector is placed acrossTerminals "AA" the chro-ma circuits are in the op-erate position. Now resis-tor R452 is included in thecircuit, establishing theproper amount of divider


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Fig. 8-Top view of Admiral's 4M10 color TV chassis showing module Fig. 9-Schematic diagram of the low voltage power supply employedlocation and component layout. Courtesy of Admiral. in Admiral's M10 color TV chassis. Courtesy of Admiral.

resistance to ground onthe ACC lines for quies-cent operation. When theset-up jumper is placed inthe set-up position, acrossTerminals "BB," R452 isnot included in the circuitand both ACC lines aretied together for properadjustment of the ACCcontrol (associated withthe ACC detector con-tained in IC400).

The operation of thecolor killer circuit is con-trolled by ACC action.When a monochrometransmission is received,the ACC command causesan increase of DC voltageat the color killer input(Terminal 15), which isobtained by an increase ofDC voltage from ChromaAmplifier No. 1, con-tained in IC401. This ac-tion causes a DC shut-down in voltages from thecolor killer to ChromaAmplifier No. 2, containedin the IC. Resistors R440,R439 (color killer adjust-ment) and R446 form aDC voltage divider to pro-vide the threshold bias tothe color killer stage. Re-sistor R429 provides kill-er tracking when the vari-ous settings of the colorcontrols are changed, sta-bilizing the color killer op-eration.

Capacitor C430, cou-ples the amplified chromasignal from Chroma Am-plifier No. 1 to Chroma

Amplifier No. 2. A sam-ple of the chroma signalalso is obtained from Ter-minal 3 and applied to theACC and Automatic PhaseControl (APC) circuitscontained in IC400.

The bias voltage ap-plied at Terminal 6 of theIC, controls the gain ofChroma Amplifier No. 2and the overall color in-tensity. Two independentcontrol bias supplies areused. When the ColorMaster switch is in theoff position, the main col-or control acting as a DCvoltage divider is switchedinto the control line.When this takes place, thepreset color control andAutomatic Chroma Level(ACL) circuits are dis-connected from the con-trol line. When the ColorMaster switch is in the onposition, the main colorcontrol is disconnectedand the ACL voltage isconnected to the controlline. The preset color con-trol settings establish thequiescent operating volt-age of the ACL output.Variations in the trans-mitted color signal inten-sity, are compensated forby the ACL circuit, alter-ing the gain of the Chro-ma Amplifier No. 2. Theamplified chroma signalfrom this stage is thencoupled to the input of theR -Y and B -Y demodula-tors through a tuned cir-

cuit consisting of L406,R431, C437, C435 andC434. Chroma signal usedfor amplitude sampling iscoupled to the input of theACL circuit throughR438 and C436.

A 3.58 MHz referencesignal obtained from IC -400 also is applied to thedemodulator circuits. Thetwo input signals are out -of -phase with each otherto provide approximatelya nominal 105 -degree de-modulation angle with theColor Master switch in theoff position. When theswitch is placed in the onposition, the angle widensto approximately 120 de-grees. Capacitors C425and C426 provide thereference input coupling.

With the presence of3.58 MHz and chromasignals at the demodula-tors, color difference sig-nals are produced and ap-plied to the matrix stage.Then the two demodulatedsignals are mixed in prop-er mathematical relation-ship to derive the G -Ycolor difference signal.

The matrix circuit out-put provides all three(R -Y, G -Y and B -Y) col-or difference signals whichare then coupled to thebase element of each RGBoutput stage.

MIO COLOR TV CHASSIS

The M10 solid-statecolor TV chassis (Fig. 7)

is used with 17- and 19 -inch (measured diagonal-ly) screen size TV sets.The picture tube employsa precision close spaced,in -line gun structure, in-cluding a precision statictoroid deflection yokewhich is permanentlybonded to the neck of thepicture tube. This designeliminates the dynamicconvergence and most ofthe purity and static con-vergence adjustments re-quired in the field becausethey are made during themanufacturing process.

Most of the circuitry iscontained in satellite mod-ules (Fig. 8) to simplifyservicing if required.

Power Supply CircuitThe power supply used

in the M10 color TV chas-sis employs a half -waverectifier circuit (Fig. 8)with the low side of theAC line connected to chas-sis ground. A series B+regulator circuit is usedto compensate for linevoltage and load currentfluctuations. Three transis-tors are used; two ofwhich act as series passstages, and one as a passdriver stage. The completeregulator circuit is refer-enced to zener diode,D901. Rectification of theB+ voltage is performedby D900 and bypassed bycapacitor C900 for tran-sient protection and to


prevent spurious radia-tion. Resistors R116,R907 and capacitor C -101A provide B+ filter-ing. The unregulated B+supply voltage is appliedto the collectors of theparallel connected passtransistors Q101 andQ102.

Scan derived 235 v B+supply voltage is appliedto the cathode of reversebiased diode D901 throughresistor R900 and R909.A DC voltage divider net-work consisting of resis-tors R901 and R902, ad-justs and sets the operat-ing point of Q900, and inturn the entire regulationcircuit.

The unregulated supplyvoltage is placed acrossthe 120 v B+ load resis-tors R112, R113, andpass transistors 0101 andQ102. The voltage dropof the transistors vary withline voltage variations toprovide a constant 120 vsupply voltage at the out-put terminals. The regu-lated output line voltageis equal to the base volt-age of Q900, minus theforward bias voltage dropsof D903 and Q900, andthe base -emitter junctionsof 0101 and Q102.

As voltage fluctuationsattempt to occur, they arenot detected at the regula-tor output terminal be-cause the regulator circuitis referenced to the con-stant reference voltage,provided by zener diodeD901. A constant voltageis maintained for varia-tions of ± 10 percent ofthe 120 v AC line voltage.

When the TV receiver isturned on, there is no scanderived 235 v B+ sourcefor the biasing of D901.This bias voltage mustnow be provided by thestart-up diode D902. Theunregulated rectified sup-ply voltage received fromthe AC line is connected

to the anode of D902.Since there is an absenceof scan derived B+ sup-ply voltage on its cathode,it conducts and appliesthis unregulated supply tothe cathode of the zenerdiode D901. Regulatingaction begins, and the B+120 v source is estab-lished, developing the scanderived supply voltageagain. When this supplyvoltage is present, thecathode voltage of D902,exceeds the anode voltageand the diode cuts offcompleting its function.The scan derived supplyvoltage then maintains re-verse bias on the zener di-ode until the set is turnedoff.

Some of the AC linevoltage is coupled to thehorizontal shut -down cir-cuit to meet its input re-quirements and this cou-pling is provided by R910.The picture tube filamenttransformer T100, dropsthe 120 v AC line voltageto 6.3 v AC.

The high voltage adjust-ment control is eliminatedin this chassis, because theadjustment of the 120 vB+ control will affect thehigh voltage setting. Toprevent false triggering ofthe horizontal shut downcircuit, the 120 v B+adjustment should be ad-

justed to read 120 v DC,when measuring the volt-age of the line.

High Voltage ShutdownCircuit

The M10 color TVchassis employs a highvoltage shutdown circuit(Fig. 10) for componentprotection if the horizon-tal or high voltage sectionmalfunctions. Excessivehorizontal drive signal,high voltage, or B+ regu-lator failure can damagechassis components. Insome cases, the customermay not detect the mal-function because the soundand picture may appearnormal.

This circuit acts as acombination protectionand warning system. Thehorizontal pulse amplitudepresent at the high volt-age transformer is sam-pled and if there is an ex-cessive amount of hori-zontal drive or high volt-age we will have pulsatingaudio and a flashing ras-ter. A negative -going hori-zontal pulse is obtainedfrom the horizontal out-put transformer, coupledthrough C114 and R111to the cathode of zener di-ode D804. Diode p108provides negative tipclamping and keeps thenegative peak voltage at .6

jD51111

0604

CS, 9624

.9f

REGU4AltOr '20,

Qe(

YVV-IN ...4

96.4

Fig. 10-Schematic diagram of thefesy of Admiral.

High Voltage Shutdown circuit. Cour

v below ground potential.If a malfunction occurs,

the pulse amplitude is al-lowed to increase in thepositive direction, drivingthe 27 v zener diode intobreakdown, and then ap-plies the signal to the gateelement of SCR Q805causing it to fire. The hor-izontal oscillator is thenturned off, by groundingthe base of 0801 throughdiode D805 and the SCR.When the oscillator isturned off, there will beno current flow in the pre -driver, driver or the hori-zontal output stages.

A 50 mfd, capacitorC817, is initially chargedto approximately 24 v, be-cause of the voltage dropthrough one diode. When0805 fires, its anode volt-age drops and the base ofQ801 is grounded as men-tioned earlier. The 24 vsupply voltage drops tozero because it is a scanderived power supply. Ca-pacitor C817 dischargesthrough resistors R829and R828 and the con-ducting SCR. An AC volt-age from the high side ofthe AC line is injectedthrough R910 to the junc-tion of R829 and R828.The peak value of the ACvoltage at this point is 3.6v. When capacitor C817discharges to 3.6 v, theanode voltage will drop tozero on the negative peaksof the AC voltage. Thisoccurs approximately onesecond after the SCR fires.When the anode voltagedrops to zero, the SCRturns off and the horizon-tal oscillator functionsagain. If the problem stillexists, the SCR fires againand the cycle repeats it-self.

The pulsating scan pro-vided B+ voltage to theaudio circuits will producea "putt" sound from theatglip circuits at the once -per -second rate.


Solving Sync Problems inSolid State TV

By Joseph Zauhar

Sync and AGC circuits are closely related, making

isolation of the defective stage difficult if we don't have a thorough

understanding of all associated circuits

Troubleshooting for the loss ofsync can be difficult, because it canbe caused from problems in almostany part of the TV receiver. Weoften find sync instability caused byoutside interference, antenna sys-tem, signal overload and AGC cir-cuit problems. To locate and isolatethe problem we should have athorough understanding of the com-position of the sync pulse, the cir-cuits involved as it passes throughthe TV receiver, especially the op-eration of the sync amplifiers, clip-pers or separators, and noise can-celing circuits.

As you probably know, the pur-pose of the sync pulse is to syn-chronize the TV receiver's scanningrates to the scan frequency of theTV camera. If the synchronizing iscorrect, we will have a "locked in"stable picture. If it is not synchro-nized we will receive a picture thatrolls, tears, "piecrusts" or has

"Christmas tree" effects. These syncpulses are received with the videoinformation from the transmitter atabout a 25 to 30 percent higherlevel. It is this higher sync pulselevel that enables separation of thesync pulses from the video informa-tion. If we don't separate the videoinformation, changing video signalswill cause the picture to lose sync.

Sync Pulse Construction

The vertical and horizontal scansare synchronized by two sets of syncpulses, one at the vertical rate, andthe other at the horizontal rate. Thevertical and horizontal oscillatorsare usually adjusted to operate ata slightly lower frequency than theirnormal scanning rate. As the syncpulse is applied to the oscillator, itis "locked -in" to the proper fre-quency.

During the vertical retrace time

Ck EQUALIZING. I PULSES

100% --nInI

BLACK - tLEVEL (75%)

WHITELEVEL

SEPERATED EQUALIZINGI VERTICAL. PULSES

SYNC

H H

I I

3H I 3H

-4\ BOTTOM OF PICTURE

H BLANKINGPICTURE INFORM

1 H I I H 1

3H

0. H WHEN FIELD ENDS ON FULL SCAN LINE .

0. 0 5 H WHEN FIELD ENDS WITH HALF SCAN LINE

START OFNEXT FIELD

Fig. 1-Shown in the composite drawing is a sync waveform with the sync pulse structure vary-ing on odd and even scan fields. Equalizing pulses and the serrated vertical sync pulse maintainproper horizontal oscillator frequency during vertical blanl. ing and sync time.

the horizontal oscillator has to bekept from running off frequency, sothe horizontal rate pulses are super-imposed on the vertical blankingand sync pulse. Without these pulseswe would have "bending" or "flag-waving" near the top of the TVscreen.

To accomplish proper interlaceequalizing pulses are inserted in thevertical blanking interval whichmaintain the exact starting time forthe horizontal oscillator. Shown inFig. l is a composite drawing of thesync waveform. An integrator cir-cuit is employed to select the propertime for the vertical oscillator tostart, because all of the pulses dur-ing the vertical blanking time arethe same amplitude. The equalizingpulses are too short to allow enoughtime for the integrator to develop acharge with sufficient amplitude totrigger the vertical oscillator. To al-low the integrator enough time to

O MASTER +2 1--0.15.75C HzOSCILLATOR

315KHz -Ni+120 1-0.262.5 Hz

Fig. 2-(A) The illustration shows the exactodd -line relationship between the vertical andhor zontal rates as maintained by divider cir-cur's from a common oscillator. The odd ratiobetween the rates causes the scan to end on ahall line on one field and a full line on thenot field. (B) The beginning and ending pointsof the field preceding or following the half linefield.

DECEMBER 1E74, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 25

charge, the vertical sync pulse is ser-rated, forming pulses about twice aswide as the equalizing pulses. Asthe proper level is reached at theintegrator output, the vertical oscil-lator will start to conduct.

To maintain an odd -line relation-ship between the vertical and hori-zontal scans to allow interlace thesync pulses are developed from acommon oscillator with divider cir-cuits feeding separate sweep oscilla-tors as shown in Fig. 2. Becausethe relationship for 60 Hz scan isodd (525 horizontal lines perframe) every other field is the samelength; alternating between 262 and263 scan lines. Each frame is com-posed of two interlaced fields.

Sync Circuit Functions1) Removes the video informa-

tion and black level pedestals leav-ing only the sync pulses.

2) Amplifies the sync pulses forgood picture stability.

3) Clips the sync pulses to a uni-form amplitude and removes thenoise or interference pulses. Thesecircuits are called sync clippers orlimiters.

4) Shaping of the horizontal syncpulses into sharp blips for the opera-tion of the horizontal phase detectorcircuit and to control the horizontaloscillator frequency.

5) Forming of the vertical pulseswith sufficient amplitude to triggerand lock -in the vertical sweep oscil-lator. The RC differentiating and in-tegrating filters perform this func-tion.

6) Develop the correct syncpulse polarity which is needed totrigger the sweep oscillators or AFCcontrol system.

Sync Circuit Problems A complete loss of vertical syncor weak vertical hold "lock -in" abili-ty is a common problem. This symp-tom is usually caused by the ab-sence of vertical sync at the verticaloscillator, if the horizontal sync isnormal. With this symptom wewould most likely find the syncseparator stage or the vertical syncamplifier stage at fault. If we encounter a problem ofpoor interlace, as mentioned earlier,the timing sequence which regulatesthe odd -line relationship between

TUNER

TOVERT OSC

IF STRIP

INTEGRATORINVERTER

DET

SYNCAMP

TTO HORIZ AFC

VIDEO

AMP

SYNCSEP

CRT

Block diagram of the sync flow through most TV receivers. The sync separator removes all thevideo information from the composite signal and only the horizontal and vertical sync pulsesremain.

the horizontal and vertical scanrates provides interlace. If the ratioat the transmitting station is normal,one of the triggering circuits in thechassis is likely at fault.

Basically, the integrator circuit isthe only circuit which determinesthis ratio. If the time constant ofthe integrator circuit changes, equal-izing pulses may change the inte-grator and trigger the vertical oscil-lator prematurely. Substitution ofthe integrator unit is usually thebest method of isolating a problemof this type. Check all circuits afterthe sync take -off circuit output stageor any of its associated feedbacknetworks. A complete loss of vertical andhorizontal sync usually is caused bydefective components in a commonsync handling stage or AGC circuit. Loss of horizontal sync is anoth-er common problem. Horizontalsync problems produce symptomsof squealing, squegging, horizontalpulling or bending in the picture and"Christmas tree" effect. This prob-lem can be caused by a defectivesync separator stage or the horizon-tal AFC circuit which precedes thehorizontal oscillator or the horizon-tal oscillator circuit itself. A com-mon symptom is the breaking up ofthe picture into horizontal bars. Ifthe diagonal bars slant up hill diag-onally to the right, the oscillator fre-quency is too low and if the barsslant down the oscillator frequencyis too high.

Troubleshooting Sync CircuitsObtain the manufacturer's service

literature which provides informa-tion on the service adjustments, cir-cuit voltages and the oscilloscopewaveforms for the sync pulse shapesand amplitudes. If this informationis not available the technician mustrely on experience and informationobtained from measurements of nor-mal similar circuits or operatingcharacteristics and voltages found ina transistor manual.

When troubleshooting the synccircuits we must remember the syncand AGC circuits are very closelyrelated and a sync circuit malfunc-tion may resemble an AGC problemand vice versa.

Perform the normal set-up adjust-ments on the TV set and if the ad-justment of the contrast and AGCcontrols do not provide a normalpicture, then what may appear as async problem may actually be afault in the signal stages of the chas-sis, prior to the sync take -off point,or an AGC circuit malfunction. Anyoverloaded amplifier circuit willtend to clip the sync signal from thevideo information.

If we don't have sync pulses pres-ent at the input to the sync separa-tor we would then check back to-ward the video IF amplifier circuits.

A major cause of preceding stageoverload conditions is a defectiveAGC circuit, allowing one or moreof the amplifiers to have excessivesignal applied. Also, a defectivesync stage can interact with theAGC circuit so that preceding stagesare overloaded.

If a sync problem is suspected itis a good practice to "clamp" the


R7470

DIRECT R4COUPLED 5.6K

FROM IvrV1ST VIDEOAMP

C7

.15

R8

02SYNCAMP

18V

R9120

19V

C8

0033

4.285V

RI36706

RIO 75V5.66

RII2206

-.95

%%IVSYNCSEP

RI2I.5M

03RI4336

SYNCOUTPUT

Fig. 3-Schematic diagram of the sync amplifier and sync separator stage.

AGC line with a filtered power sup-ply that is adjustable between about0 and 22 v DC. When applying abias voltage to transistor circuitscheck the manufacturer's schematicfor proper AGC voltage and polari-ty, to prevent injury to the tran-sistors. Then set your bias supplyclose to this voltage before makingany connection to the circuit.

Using the oscilloscope, start bychecking the waveforms at the inputto the sync separator circuit, to de-termine the condition of the com-posite signal and whether both ofthe sync pulses are present. It is

easier to start troubleshooting atthis stage rather than, for example,the sync amplifier and then try todetermine if the amplitude of thesync pulses are sufficient.

If the input signal to the syncamplifier is normal, with the syncpulse riding clearly above the videoinformation by 20 to 30 percent,the sync stages are likely at fault.

Sync Amplifier and SyncSeparator Circuit

The sync amplifier circuit shownin Fig. 3 is a class A amplifier whichreceives video signal for the videoamplifier stage, then inverts and am-plifies the signal. The positive -goingoutput signal from the sync ampli-fier transistor Q2, is applied to thebase of the sync separator transistor03 and the bias voltage is appliedthrough resistor R12. The largevideo signal received from the out-put of Q2 and then applied to thebase of Q3 is of sufficient amplitudeto drive the transistor, causing it to

draw considerable current becauseof the base -emitter action of rectifi-cation, which in turn causes the baseto go negative. When the base isnegative, only the most positive -go-ing part of the signal will cause cur-rent to flow in the collector circuitand only the sync signals are am-plified leaving the video signal un-changed. The collector of the syncamplifier transistor Q2 has a com-plete positive -going video signal andthe output of Q3 will have negative -going sync pulses.

We will find that the collectorvoltage of 03 is higher than ex-pected in a solid-state circuit be-cause this particular circuit is usedin a hybrid chassis driving a circuitemploying a tube. If the circuit isused in an all -solid-state chassis thecollector voltage would be approxi-mately 20 to 30 v.

Troubleshooting Sync Amplifierand Sync Separator Circuits

The sync amplifier transistor Q2is a PNP transistor requiring a nega-tive bias voltage between the baseand emitter. It is biased by the +19v supply voltage and the collectorcircuit of the video amplifier is di-rect coupled to its base. The videoamplifier's collector circuit with amaximum voltage of 15 or 16 vwould mean that Q2 would haveexcessive negative bias ( +16 from+19 v would be a negative 3 v) so a1K resistor, R5, connected to the 19v source increases the voltage to theproper amount, along with thebleeder action of R6 from the baseto ground.

If we observe the waveform atthe output of Q2, we will have again of five times at the junction ofR7 and R8, as compared to the vid-eo signal at the base. The signal nowwill be positive -going and is coupledthrough C7 to the shaping circuitconsisting of C8 and R10. If we ob-serve the waveform at the base ofQ3, we will have a positive -goingsignal and at the collector we willhave strong negative -going syncpulses and no video signal.

After you have isolated the prob-lem with the scope to one of thesestages, you should then make DCvoltage checks to find the defectivecomponent.

Circuit Problem SymptomsIf the signal at the collector of

Q2 is weak and not inverted fromthe base signal we would likely findthe transistor defective or resistorR9 or R5 open.

If the signal at the collector ofQ2 is distorted the likely causewould be a defective transistor.First, check the bias voltage be-tween the base and emitter of thetransistor; it should be approximate-ly 0.6 v. Next, check the voltagedrop across R9 and calculate thetransistor current drawn. The cur-rent usually is about 4 to 7 ma if thecircuit is otherwise functioning nor-mally.

If the signal is normal at the col-lector of 02 and weak at the baseof Q3, capacitor C7 would likely beopen. If this capacitor or any part ofthe circuit is open, the video signalwill not be present at the base ofQ3, the DC bias voltage on Q3 willbe positive between base and emit-ter. In normal operation, the sync sig-nal will cause "reverse" bias on theNPN transistor 03. Without inputsignal, the collector voltage on Q3will be lower than normal becauseof additional collector current flow.

If the signal is normal at the baseof 03, and little or no output signalat the collector, we would most like-ly find the transistor defective orresistor R13 open.

When replacing transistor 02, ageneral-purpose silicon type willperform well in most cases. If wereplace 03, make sure it can with-stand a collector to emitter voltage(Vce) of at least 90 v.


TECH BOOK DIGEST

Material in this department is condensed from a singlechapter of a recently introduced TAB book, by permission of

TAB BOOKS, Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. 17214

TroubleshootingSolid -State Multivibrators

This article deals with multivi-brators, those circuits that generaterectangular wave shapes that varyaccording to the design of the cir-cuit. There are three types of multi-vibrators: the bistable, monostableand astable. The bistable multivibra-tor is so called because it has twostable conditions of operation andrequires an external input or triggerpulse in order to change from onestate to the other. The monostablemultivibrator gets its name from thefact that it has one stable state ofoperation and a temporary state ofoperation. When triggered by an ex-ternal input, it switches to the tem-porary state for a predeterminedamount of time and then shifts back

The astable orfree -running multivibrator is similarto the sine -wave oscillator. The asta-ble multivibrator requires no inputand continually switches from onestate of operation to the other.

ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATORSThe term astable multivibrator re-

fers to multivibrator circuits that canfunction in either of two temporarilystable conditions and are capable ofrapidly switching from one tempo-rarily stable condition to the other.The astable multivibrator is fre-quently referred to as a free -runningmultivibrator. It is basically an os-cillator consisting of two stages cou-pled so that the input signal to each

stage is taken from the output of theother. One stage conducts while theother is cut off until a point isreached at which the stages reversetheir condition; that is, the stagewhich had been conducting cuts off,and the stage that had been cut off,conducts. The circuit is free runningdue to regenerative feedback, andthe frequency of operation is deter-mined primarily by its coupling cio-cuit constants.

The frequency of the multivibra-tor can be controlled by changingthe value of the time constants in thecoupling circuits, if a large change infrequency is desired. If a smallchange in frequency is desired, thefrequency can be controlled bychanging the base -to -emitter voltage.Many multivibrators use separatepower supplies for the base and col-lector elements.

The output waveform of the asta-ble multivibrator is commonly asquare wave. A square -wave outputresults when the time constants ofthe coupling circuits are made equal.It is not always necessary, however,that the time constants be madeequal. For example, if an unsym-metrical pulse output waveform isdesired, the time constants of thecoupling circuits are purposely madeunequal.

The free -running (astable) multi-vibrator circuit is normally used toproduce a square -wave output for

-Vc(

OUTPUT

Fig. 1-Astable multivibrator.

use as a trigger or timing pulse inelectronic equipment. The circuit isfundamentally a two -stage, RC -coupled, common -emitter amplifier,with the output of the second stagecoupled to the input of the firststage. Since the signal in the collec-tor circuit of a common -emitter am-plifier is reversed in phase with re-spect to the input to the base, a por-tion of the collector output of eachstage is fed to the base of the otherstage. The output signal from eachstage is fed back in the proper phaseto reinforce the input signal on thebase of the other stage. As a resultof this regenerative feedback, sus-tained oscillations occur.

Operation (Fig. 1)The multivibrator circuit shown in

the schematic is a balanced (symmet-rical) circuit, since each RC -coupledstage is identical to the other. How-ever, in spite of the use of close -tol-erance components, there will al-ways be minor differences in circuitresistances and in junction resis-tances within the transistors them-selves. As a result of this inherentimbalance, the initial collector cur-rent, resulting from the forward -biasconditions set up by the emitter -basejunction resistances and bias resis-tors R2 and R3, is different foreach transistor. The immediate effectproduced by regenerative action be-tween the coupled stages is that onetransistor conducts while the other iscut off.

Assume that initially more collec-tor current flows through 01 thanthrough Q2. As the collector currentof 01 increases, the voltage at thecollector of 01 decreases with re-spect to its emitter, or ground. Inother words, the collector of 01 be-comes less negative and, in effect"outputs" a positive -going pulse,which is coupled through C1 to thebase of 02. The positive -going pulseat the base of Q2 makes the basepositive with respect to its emitterand, as a result, 02 approaches cut-off. The collector current of Q2 de-creases because of the reverse -biasaction, and the voltage at the collec-tor of Q2 increases and approachesthe supply voltage. The collector of

(From Chapter 6, TROUBLE-SHOOTING SOLID-STATE WAVEGENERATING & SHAPING CIR-CUITS, by Ben Gaddis, TAB BOOKS,Copyright 1973. A review of thecomplete book follows this article.)


Q2 becomes more negative and this,in effect, acts as a negative -goingpulse, which is coupled through C2to the base of 01. The negative -going pulse at the base of 01 placesthe base negative with respect to itsemitter, and the collector current ofQ1 is further increased because ofthe forward -bias action. This regen-erative process continues until 01 isdriven into saturation and Q2 is cutoff.

A better understanding of the op-eration can be achieved by referringto Fig. 2. Assume that 01 is con-ducting and has just reached satura-tion. When 01 is at saturation, itscollector current no longer increasesbut instead becomes a constant valuebetween times to and t1. There is nofurther change in collector voltage tobe coupled through Cl to the base ofQ2. The voltage at the base of Q1 is

only a few tenths of a volt negative,and C2 quickly charges through thelow resistance of R4 to a potentialwhich is approximately equal to thesupply voltage. Since the collectorvoltage at 01 is at nearly ground po-tential, CI starts discharging at arate which is equal to the C1-R3 timeconstant. As C 1 discharges, the volt-age at the base of Q2 becomes lessand less positive until a point isreached where reverse bias is nolonger applied and Q2 is able toconduct, as shown in the Q2 basewaveform at the end of period t1.

When the base of Q2 returns to aforward -bias condition, Q2 begins toconduct and its collector current be-gins to flow through load resistorR4. As the collector voltage at Q2drops at time t1, a positive -goingvoltage is coupled through C2 to thebase of 01, applying reverse bias.Transistor 01 is driven to cutoff,and the collector voltage of 01 rises.This rise, coupled through C 1 , willdrive Q2 into harder conduction.The voltage at Q1 is approximatelyequal to the supply voltage. Capaci-tor Cl quickly recharges throughthe low resistance of R I to a poten-tial which is approximately equal tothe supply voltage. Since the collec-tor voltage at Q2 is at nearly groundpotential, C2 starts discharging at arate which is equal to the R2 -C2

time constant.As C2 discharges, the voltage at

the base of Q1 becomes less and lesspositive until a point is reachedwhere reverse bias is no longer ap-plied, and 01 is able to conduct.

When the base of Q1 begins to con-duct, collector current begins to in-crease through load resistor RI. Asthe voltage drops at the collector of01, positive -going voltage is coupledthrough C 1 to the base of Q2 toinitiate another cycle of operation.

For each half cycle of operation,whenever a changeover of the multi -vibrator takes place, one of two ac-tions occurs: In one case, C1 re-charges (through load resistor RIand the base -emitter junction of 02)to the value of the supply voltagewhile C2 discharges through the se-ries circuit consisting of Q2, thevoltage source, and R2. In the othercase, C2 recharges (through load re-sistor R4 and the base -emitter junc-tion of Q1) to the value of the sup-ply voltage while C 1 dischargesthrough the series circuit consistingof Q 1 , the voltage source, and R3.

The waveforms shown in Fig. 2

are for a symmetrical multivibrator,and the output taken from the col-lector of either transistor is a squarewave. The waveforms shown in Fig.3 are for an unsymmetrical multi -vibrator, and the output waveformshave unequal time durations. Thegeneral circuit operation is identicalto that of the symmetrical multivi-brator; however, charge and dis-charge times are different since dif-ferent RC values are used.

TroubleshootingThe first step in troubleshooting

any of the multivibrator circuits iswaveform analysis. The output ofthe circuit should be observed with ascope and the quality of the outputwaveform noted. Checking the wave-form at various points in the circuitis also helpful for locating defectivecomponents.

An open circuit, short circuit, oroverbiased condition, as well as a

Fig. 2-Waveforms produced by symmetricalastable multivibrator.

defective transistor, can cause lackof output. The transistor voltagesshould be checked against the pre-scribed values. With the astable cir-cuit in the nonoscillating condition, acheck of the voltages at the collectorof each transistor will reveal whetherload resistor R I or R4 is open. If ei-ther resistor is open, there will be nocollector voltage on the associatedtransistor. Also, the other transistorwill conduct heavily because of thereduced bias and its collector voltagewill be low. If this happens, the col-lector resistor might burn out.

If coupling capacitor C1 or C2is leaky or shorted, the collector re-sistor of one transistor will beshunted across the base resistor ofthe other transistor, and the fixedbias on the base of the transistorto which the defective capacitor isconnected will be increased. If theincrease in bias is sufficient, thetransistor will be rendered inopera-tive. Sometimes an unsymmetricaloutput will occur. Also, if couplingcapacitor Cl or C2 is open, or if R3or R4 is open, the circuit will berendered inoperative. If output ca-pacitor C3 or C4 is open, the circuitwill operate at a slightly differentfrequency because of load changes,but no output will be observed.

The critical components govern-ing the frequency and pulse width ofthe multivibrator are those in thecoupling circuits. Any change in thecomponents governing the RC dis-charge time constant will directly af-fect both the frequency and the pulsewidth. A change in value of couplingcapacitor, C 1 or C2, or in the baseresistance, R2 or R3, will have the

01COLLECTOR

-vcc

01BASE

02CC LLE CTOR

vcc

02BASE

to

02

CONDUCTION TIMES

Fig. 3-Waveforms produced by unsymmetricalastable multivibrator.


greatest effect. Although a change inthe value of collector resistor R1 orR4 will affect the frequency and thepulse width, it will have a greater ef-fect on the output amplitude of thewaveform.

A variation in the collector volt-age may cause some frequency drift.In practical circuits where the multi-vibrator is unsynchronized and free-running, adjustments are usuallyprovided to adjust the collector volt-age or the base resistance. In thismanner, the circuit can be set to thecorrect frequency and pulse width,and can be compensated for the dif-ference in transistor characteristicswhen a replacement is made.

If output coupling capacitor C3 orC4 is leaky or shorted, the voltagedivider action which can occurthrough the base resistance of thenext stage might reduce the ampli-tude of the output waveform andcause the multivibrator to operate ata higher frequency. This is true be-cause the discharge time in the basecircuit is dependent on the amountof change in the voltage applied tothe base circuit capacitor.

BISTABLE MULTIVIBRATORS

The term bistable multivibratorrefers to multivibrator circuits thatcan function in either of two stablestates, and are capable of switchingrapidly from one stable state to theother upon the application of a trig-ger pulse. In the strict sense of theword, the bistable multivibrator isnot an oscillator. It is a circuit hav-ing two conditions of stable opera-tion and requiring two input triggersto complete a single cycle. The bi-stable multivibrator is initially atrest in either one of its two stablestates; when triggered by an inputpulse, the circuit switches to the oth-er stable state, where it remains untiltriggered by another pulse. Becausethere is a sudden reversal, or "flop-ping," from one stable state to theother, the bistable multivibrator isfrequently called a flip-flop circuit.

The bistable multivibrator pro-duces an output pulse, commonlycalled a gate, which has fast rise andfall times and a flat top. To generatethis type of waveform, the circuit re-quires one trigger pulse for turn-onand another trigger pulse for turn-off, generating a step function foreach input trigger. When the triggerpulses are of constant frequency andare applied at long time intervals,

the gates generated are wide. On theother hand, when the trigger pulsesare of constant frequency and areapplied at short time intervals, thegates generated are narrow. In allcases, however, two input triggerpulses are required to complete onecycle of operation, resulting in anoutput gate frequency half that ofthe input trigger frequency. The rec-tangular output of the bistable mul-tivibrator can be either positive ornegative in polarity. Each gate isformed by the combination of posi-tive and negative step functions pro-duced by triggering the flip-flop.

The basic flip-flop produces asquare or rectangular wave outputfor use as gating or timing signals inradar, computer, and communica-tions equipment. It is often used forrelay control functions and a varietyof similar applications. This type ofmultivibrator has two stable states inwhich one transistor is normallyconducting while the other transis-tor is normally held cut off, each onefunctioning for only a half cyclewhen triggered. Feedback from thecollector of one transistor to thebase of the other is similar to that ofthe astable circuit. Because two sep-arate input triggers are required tocomplete one cycle of operation, theoutput gate frequency of the flip-flopmultivibrator is half the input trig-ger frequency. The output gatelength is determined by the time in-terval between the turn-on and turn-off triggers. Output signals are takenfrom the collector of either or bothtransistors in the common -emittercircuit configuration.

Operation (Fig. 4)In Fig. 4, two transistors are

shown connected in a basic flip-flopmultivibrator circuit. Transistors 01and 02 are identical PNP types usedin a common -emitter configuration.

When voltage is first applied tothe circuit, the current which flows

Fig. 4-Basic two -input flip-flop (bistable) mul-tivibrator.

in each collector load resistor, R5and R6, is determined by the effec-tive resistance offered by 01 and Q2for a given value of base bias volt-age. As in the astable circuit, in spiteof the use of close tolerance compo-nents, there are always minor differ-ences in internal resistance withinthe transistors. As a result of thisinherent imbalance, the initial col-lector current for each transistor isdifferent, and the immediate effectproduced by regenerative action be-tween the coupled stages is that onetransistor conducts while the otheris cut off.

Waveforms for this circuit areshown in Fig. 5. Assume that Q1 hasbeen initially turned on and is con-ducting heavily in a saturated state,while Q2 remains cut off. Thus thecircuit is resting in one of its twostable states as discussed above. Theinitial turn -on period is representedby time interval to to t1 on thewaveform diagram, while the steady-state conducting condition of Q1 isrepresented by time interval t1 to t_.Therefore, the output at the collectorof Q1 is at its most positive excur-sion, while the output at the collec-tor of Q2 is at its most negative ex-cursion. Since there is no internaltime constant circuit provided topermit the nonconducting transistorto be automatically raised above cut-off, the circuit remains in this stablecondition until a positive turn-offtrigger is applied to Ql.

At time t2 the positive turn-offtrigger is applied to the base of 01via input 2 and 01 is instantaneous-ly driven toward cutoff. Collectorcurrent flow through 01 decreases,and heavy collector current flowthrough Q2 develops a positive -going output voltage across R6,which is also applied through R4and C4, to reverse -bias the base of01. This additional reverse biasquickly causes 01 collector currentto cease, and the collector voltagerises quickly toward the supply val-ue, producing a negative -going out-put through C5. At the same time,this negative -going collector voltageis fed back through R3 and C3 tothe base of Q2 as a forward bias.This continuous feedback action ofreverse bias on Q1 and forward biason Q2 continues until the collectorvoltage on Q2 bottoms. The circuitnow rests in its second stable statebetween t2 and t3, with Q1 cut offwhile Q2 conducts heavily. The


switching action is speeded up by C3and C4 which allow the instantane-ous changes to be immediately ap-plied to the associated base elementto produce the steep leading andtrailing edges of the waveform. Thecircuit remains in this condition untilanother turn -on trigger of positivepolarity is applied.

At time t3 the positive turn -ontrigger via input 1 is applied to C2and the base of Q2, which is alreadyforward -biased and heavily conduct-ing. The instantaneous positive biasproduced by the input signal cancelsthe existing forward bias and re-verse -biases 02, drastically reducingcollector current flow. As the collec-tor current of Q2 ceases, the collec-tor voltage of Q2 rises towards thatof the supply and produces a nega-tive -going output signal. Meanwhile,this negative output voltage is alsofed back to the base of Q1 throughfeedback resistor R4 (which is by-passed by C4). The instantaneousnegative swing through C4 quicklydrives the base of Q1 in a forward -biased direction, and causes 01 toconduct. As 01 conducts, an outputvoltage of positive -going polarity isdeveloped across R5, and is fed backthrough R3 (bypassed by C3) tothe base of Q2, driving it still furthertowards cutoff. Finally, 02 is heldcut off, while Q1 once again con-ducts heavily near saturation. This isthe starting condition and the otherstable operating point during time t3to t4.

Examination of the waveforms re-veals that the length of the outputgates is determined by the time in-terval between the turn -on and turn-off triggers. If the frequency of theturn-off trigger is decreased, thetime interval between the triggerswill increase. Also, the gate lengthwill decrease if the turn-off triggerfrequency is increased. The bistablemultivibrator provides a positive ornegative output gate in response to atiming input trigger pulse, with thegate being terminated by a turn-offtrigger pulse.

If a single, constant -frequencytrigger is used for both the turn -onand turn-off functions, the circuitproduces a symmetrical square waveoutput, with a frequency half that ofthe trigger frequency. A single pulsecan be used for triggering becauseeither the leading or the trailing edgeof the trigger can be used. Whenconducting, and the leading edge is

applied, a positive trigger operatesto reverse -bias the conducting tran-sistor, while the feedback causes thenonconducting transistor to beturned on. Conversely, if the trailingedge of the trigger pulse is applied tothe nonconducting transistor, it pro-duces a forward -biased conditionand starts the transistor conducting,while feedback from the transistorproduces a reverse bias to stop thefirst transistor from operating. Thisaction is true as long as the triggeris a sharp pulse of short duration. Ifof long duration, an unsymmetricaloutput will be produced.

In the symmetrical input bistablemultivibrator, negative trigger pulsesof sufficient amplitude can also beused to initiate the switching actionbetween 01 and Q2. When the neg-ative pulse is applied simultaneouslyto the base of the transistors, therewill be no effect on the operation ofthe conducting transistor. However,the collector current on the transis-tor that is cut off will be increased,causing the collector voltage to de-crease. The decrease in collectorvoltage, when coupled to the base ofthe nonconducting transistor, drivesthis transistor into full conduction.In turn, feedback through this newlyturned on transistor biases off theoriginally conducting transistor.

Although it is true that either neg-ative or positive input trigger pulsescan cause the switching action to oc-cur, triggering with positive pulses ispreferred. If the transistor that is cutoff is biased with a highly positive

TURN -ON 0TRIGGER

TURN OFFTRIGGER

-VCC

VC2(02)

-vcc

vci

Vbi 0

1.

Vb2 0

- - -

II II

to ti t2 t3 tq

Fig. 5-Waveforms produced by bistable multi -vibrator.

potential, a high -amplitude negativepulse is required to drive it into con-duction, and only the most negativeportion of the pulse has any effect.On the other hand, a low -amplitudepositive pulse applied to the con-ducting transistor immediately drivesthis transistor into cutoff, causing arelatively instantaneous switchingaction.

TroubleshootingWith no output present, the input

trigger should be checked with ascope to determine whether it is be-ing applied to the circuit, and wheth-er it is of the proper amplitude andpolarity. Lack of an input trigger atthe base of 01 or Q2 can be due toan open input coupling capacitor,C1 or C2, or to failure of the exter-nal input trigger source. If the inputsignal does not appear on the baseside of the capacitor, use an in -cir-cuit capacitance checker to checkCI or C2 for proper capacitance oran open circuit.

Failure of the base bias or collec-tor bias supply will disrupt operationof the circuit as would an open feed-back circuit. Use an electronic volt-meter to check the base bias, collec-tor, and supply voltages. Normalvoltage indications on these elementsalso indicates that neither R1 norR2 is open; and likewise R3 and R4.

If either C3 or C4 is shorted, thecircuit will still operate as a direct -coupled unit and operation will besomewhat slowed up, but an outputwill still be obtained. If normal sig-nals appear on the collectors but notat the output, C5 or C6 is probablyopen. An in -circuit capacitancechecker may be used to verify theirvalues and to check for an open or ashort.

A reduction of output is usuallycaused by low collector voltage, im-proper bias, or a defective transistor.A change in the resistance of the as-sociated collector load resistor (R5or R6) will also affect the outputamplitude. A leaky or shorted out-put coupling capacitor, C5 or C6,

will form a voltage divider with theinput resistor of the following stage.If the input resistor of the followingstage is returned to ground or to abias supply, the collector voltage oneither 01 or 02 will be changed andoperation of the following stage willbe upset by the change in voltage onits base. In addition, this might pos-sibly cause additional collector cur -


rent flow through one of the collec-tor resistors (R5 or R6) and maycause one to burn out.

The basic flip-flop has no partsgoverning the frequency or width ofthe output gate signal. These aregoverned by the input triggers ap-plied to the circuit. Therefore, any.change in the output gate frequencyor width is a direct result of improp-er operation of the turn -on or turn-off trigger generating circuits.

MONOSTABLE MULTIVIBRATORS(ONE -SHOTS)

The monostable multivibrator hasonly one fixed or stable state. Theother, operational, state is deter-mined by an RC time constant net-work. Initially, the monostable cir-cuit is triggered into action similar tothe bistable circuit. Once triggered,the change of state occurs and theformerly conducting transistor is cutoff, while the other transistor con-ducts. This state continues until theRC network is discharged sufficient-ly to trigger the nonconducting tran-sistor on again and restore the initialstate of operation which existed be-fore the trigger was applied. Themonostable circuit can usually beeasily recognized by the base bias-ing connection of the normally con-ducting transistor. It usually con-sists of a voltage divider connectedto the supply which holds the tran-sistor forward biased until cut off bythe action of the trigger pulse,whereas the other type of multivi-brators have symmetrical feedbacknetworks.

Because of the single stable stateof operation, this circuit is alsoknown as a one-shot, single -swing,or single -shot multivibrator. Be-cause of the time constant switchingaction, the circuit needs only onetrigger per output waveform, and

operates at the same frequency asthe input trigger, instead of half thetrigger frequency as in other multi-vibrators.

The basic one-shot (Fig. 6) isused to provide a gating function incomputers, electronic control, orcommunications equipment. The ba-sic one-shot is a triggered circuit,which requires a trigger pulse to ini-tiate action. Once the trigger pulseinitiates the action, the circuit usesits own power to complete the oper-ation. Either the stable state of cut-off or saturation is used. Normally,one transistor is operated saturatedwhile the other is at cutoff. Whenthe circuit is triggered by an externalpulse, the operating point is movedfrom the initial stable region to thestatic operating region. The timeconstant of the circuit elementsholds the operating point in the stat-ic region for a short period of time,the operating point then movingback to the original stable state.

Operation (Fig. 6)In the stable condition, Q2 con-

ducts heavily while 01 is cut off.This action occurs initially becauseof the large negative forward biasplaced on the base of Q2 by R2,which is connected back to the nega-tive supply. On application of pow-er, Q2 quickly saturates and devel-ops a positive -going output acrossR4, which is fed back through R3 tothe base of 01, holding 01 at cutoff.During the on period of Q2, Clcharges through R1 and the lowbase -emitter resistance of Q2. Thelow saturation resistance ofQ2 baseemitter junction effectively acts as aswitch, connecting RI and Cl in se-ries with the negative supply sourceand ground.

When the negative trigger is ap-plied to 01 base through coupling

capacitorC2 (time t1 in Fig. 7), Q1is instantly driven into conductionby this forward bias. The flow of Q1collector current produces a posi-tive -going voltage across R1, whichis applied through feedback capaci-tor Cl as a positive reverse bias tocut off Q2. As the collector currentof Q2 reduces, the voltage acrosscollector resistor R4 rises towardthat of the negative collector supply,and an increasing forward bias is fedback to the base of Q1 through feed-back resistor R3. Transistor Q2 iscut off and Q1 is turned on.

Operation is now reversed andthe output from Q2 is a negativevoltage during time t1 to t2. SinceCl is positively charged, when dis-connected from ground by Q2 beingdriven into cutoff, Cl holds the baseof Q2 highly positive until it dis-charges. The discharge path isthrough the low collector -emittersaturation resistance of 01, andground on one side, and through R2to the negative supply on the otherside. The discharge is shown by thetypical RC discharge curve on thetrailing edge of the Vb2 waveformat time t1 to t2. Transistor Q2 re-mains cut off until the base voltage

zero and the base of 02goes slightly negative at time t2.

Now Q2 immediately starts toconduct, and the flow of collectorcurrent through R4 produces a posi-tive -going voltage, which is appliedthrough feedback resistor R3 todrive Q1 in a reverse -biased direc-tion and stop conduction through

INPUT

VW 0

Vci 0

VCC

Vb2

vc2 0

Fig. 7-Waveforms produced by one-shot multi.vibrator.Fig. 6-One-shot multivibrator.


Q 1. This regenerative feedback ac-tion occurs quickly, and the outputof Q2 is a positive rectangular volt-age. The quiescent state of operationcontinues until the next trigger oc-curs.

TroubleshootingIf bias resistor R2 value increases

with age or if it opens, the base ofQ2 will tend to float in a zero -biasedcondition, the collector of Q2 willrise to the supply value, and a con-tinuous output with no switching ac-tion will occur. The same indicationwill also occur if R3 is open, since01 will be biased beyond cutoff andthe trigger will not be large enoughto initiate action. At the very best,an attempt to switch may be noticed,with the circuit reverting back to thecutoff condition when the triggerceases. Such action is best observedwith a scope.

Should R5 open, both 01 and Q2will conduct, with a continuous posi-tive output from Q2. On the otherhand, if 01 is stopped from con-ducting by a short across R5, Q2will continue to operate alone, alsoproducing a continuous positive out-put. Because of the few resistors inthe circuit, a quick check with anohmmeter will determine if they aresatisfactory.

Should CI open, no feedback canbe applied from the collector of Q1to the base of Q2 and switching willnot occur. Again, 02 will rest in aconducting position with a positiveoutput near zero. If Cl becomesshorted, RI and R2 will be paral-leled and a higher forward bias willbe applied to Q2 base, holding it inconduction and preventing opera-tion.

Low collector voltage, improperbias, or defective transistors cancause a low output voltage. Achange in resistance of R4 will alsoaffect the output amplitude. Use ascope to check the output waveformand determine where the reducedamplitude exists. Then check for theproper bias and collector voltages inthat portion of the circuit. If normalvoltages are present and the collec-tor resistor is within tolerance, but alow output amplitude still exists, itcan only be because of reduced col-lector current. Replace the doubtfultransistor.

While the frequency is governedby the input trigger, the length oftime the circuit operates before flip-

ping back to the initial stable condi-tion is determined by the circuit timeconstant governed by the charge anddischarge of C 1 through R2, andalso R1. If the value of C1, R1, orR2 changes, or the saturation re-sistance of Q2 changes, a differentpulse width may be expected. Ob-servation of the output pulse on ascope will show any change in width.Measure the values and if theseparts appear satisfactory, replace Q2with a known good transistor.Should a noticeable delay in switch-ing occur after the circuit has beenoperating properly, first check allparts values; if satisfactory, replacethe transistor with a good one.

TECH BOOK REVIEWTitle: Troubleshooting Solid -StateWave -Generating and Shaping Cir-cuits (TAB BOOK No. 653)Author: Ben GaddisPrice: $7.95 hardbound; $4.95 pa-perbackPublished: January 1974Size: 192 pages, 78 illustrations

Everything technicians need toknow about troubleshooting wave -generating and wave -shaping circuitsis right here in one handy volume.Theory and aboutany kind of oscillator or signalsource one can name are clearly andconcisely explained. Armstrong,Colpitts, Hartley, Clapp, RC, Wein-bridge, etc.-the list reads like a"Who's Who" of signal sources.Equally complete coverage of thetheory of wave -shaping modulation,demodulation, and frequency -con-version circuits is provided. Thisbook is literally jam-packed with cir-cuits and theory.

But circuits and theory are onlyhalf the story when it comes totroubleshooting. It's one thing toknow how a circuit works but quiteanother to know what to do when itdoesn't. Circuit -sleuth Ben Gaddisshows how to detect the clues withinstruments, piece them together(using theory and deduction), andtrack down the errant part! Whenchecking out wave generators andmodifiers, the reader is interested intwo quantities: amplitude and fre-quency. Amplitude is measured witha voltmeter-no instruction is need-ed in that. Thus, the text starts rightout with a description of frequency -measuring devices and how to usethem. Counters, wavemeters, fre-quency meters, dippers, and scopes

are covered in a way that's like hav-ing a lab instructor present. All thebasic wave -generating circuits aredetailed, transistor by transistor, re-sistor by resistor, capacitor by ca-pacitor. How to track trouble downquickly and efficiently to a specificcircuit, then to a specific part isshown. The second half of the book(wave -shaping circuits) kicks offwith a review and explanation of RCand RL differentiators and integra-tors, serving as a lead-in to advanceddiscussions of detectors, discrimina-tors, mixers, and converters. CONTENTS: Frequency Measure-ment - Using the Scope - Lissa-jous Patterns - Frequency -Count-ers - Wavemeters - Grid -dip Me-ter - Heterodyne Frequency Meter- IC Oscillators - RC Oscillators- Wein Bridge - Crystal Oscilla-tors - Blocking Multivibrators -Pulse Shapers - Differentiators- Integrators - AM Detectors -FM Detectors - Video Detectors- Mixers and Frequency Convert-ers - Modulators - Limiters andClampers - Double -diode Limiters- Biased Limiters, Clippers,Clampers.

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The Expansion ofCitizens BandBy Skip Meuron

Additional channels and conversion to

single-sideband emission promisedealers and servicers increased income

from an already booming market

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) re-cently has proposed new rules which, if adopted, willexpand citizens band (CB) radio from the present 23channels to 70, and ultimately to 100 channels (see theaccompanying chart). In addition, under the proposednew rules, citizens band radio will be converted com-pletely, over a period of a few years, from the presentconventional AM transmission to suppressed -carriersingle-sideband (SSB) transmission.

The proposed new rules initially will establish sevennew AM channels between 27.23 MHz and 27.31 MHz(excluding the space now occupied by Channel 23at 27.255 MHz), plus 40 new suppressed -carried SSB(upper sideband only) channels spaced 5 KHz apartbetween 27.315 MHz and 27.505 MHz. These new SSBchannels will be designated 60-99.

The new rules further provide that, a few years afterthe rules are adopted, the present AM and lower side -band SSB transmission will be abolished and the asso-ciated 30 AM channels will be divided into 60 SSB(upper sideband) channels spaced 5 KHz apart.

The additional channels and the SSB method of trans-mission will provide better utilization of the radio spec-trum and will eliminate the increasing congestion on thepresent 23 channels.

HOW THE PROPOSED NEW RULES WILLAFFECT SERVICERS

Technician LicensingIt is doubtful that the present FCC rules covering the

licensing of electronic technicians who service communi-cations equipment will be affected by the proposed newrules.

Existing FCC rules permit unlicensed technicians toservice CB equipment under the supervision of a tech-nician with a First Class or Second Class Radiotele-phone Operator license. An unlicensed technician canservice a CB transceiver when it is not connected to aradiating antenna. However, before it is operated in thetransmit mode while connected to a radiating antenna,the transceiver must be checked out by a licensed tech-nician.

Fig. 1-Test setup for measuring SSBtransmitter frequency.

SSBTRANSCEIVER

AF SIGNALGENERATOR

50 OHMAir-DUMMY LOAD

PL -259/PLUGS 83- IT

T -ADAPTER

BNCPLUG

83-IJ' -ADAPTER "PL -259,-_<PLUGS

ATTENUATOR-Ar

FREOUENCCOUNTER

AF SIGNALGENERATOR

AUDIOMIXER

SSB--e'TtANSCE

AF SIGNALGENERATOR 83- IT

T -ADAPTER

PLUGSRFWATT ,.=RUMMY

LOAD

PL -259PLUG

50 OHMPL -259

SCOPEFig. 2-Test setup for measuring SSBtransmitter power. BNC

PLUG

Techniques and Test EquipmentThose now servicing or planning to service AM and

AM/SSB transceivers will have to acquire knowledgeabout SSB and the additional test equipment requiredfor servicing it.

Along with the addition of new channels, a new typeof CB transceiver will emerge as a result of the pro-posed new rules. Of the 47 new channels, only seven willbe available for AM transmission; the other 40 will bereserved for suppressed -carrier single-sideband (SSB)transmission (upper sideband only). Existing CB trans-ceivers will not be operable on the 40 new SSB-onlychannels.

The most popular basic type of CB transceiver cur-rently on the market is operable on all of the existing23 CB channels. It is equipped with a frequency synthe-sizer which, typically, employs 14 crystals. The otherbasic type, operable on fewer channels, requires instal-lation of a pair of crystals (one for transmit, one for re-ceive) for each channel.

When the FCC adds Channels 24 through 30 for AMor AM/LSB/USB use, it is anticipated that adapters willbe available for expanding the capability of 23 -channeltransceivers to 30 channels, if the FCC approves the useof adapters. Transceivers that do not employ a frequen-cy synthesizer can be made operable on any or all ofthe seven new AM channels by simply installing appro-priate crystals.

Operation on the 40 new SSB-only channels (60-99)will require an entirely new type of transceiver. Theyare already being designed. And, some of them will beunique in that they will employ a PLL (phase lockedloop) and a single crystal instead of a conventional fre-quency synthesizer or a pair of crystals per channel.Some will be operable in the USB mode on Channels 1through 30 as well as Channels 60 through 99.


RFSIGNAL

GENERATOR

6d8PAD

sseTRANSCEIVER

AUDIOITTEM

Fig. 3-Setup for testingand alignment of SSB receiver.

ACVOLTMETER

SPEAKER ORDUMMY LOAD

c>iIl

ii

FREQUENCYCOUNTER

SPECTRUM CHART OFPROPOSED EXPANSION OF CITIZENS BAND

2,4'54'4

EXISTING CHANNELS I-22-

1111112±;=

160-991

Existing AM/SSB transceivers can be operated in theAM mode when measuring carrier frequencies. How-ever, because SSB-only transceivers do not emit a car-rier, measurement of frequencies requires unbalancingor bypassing the balanced modulator so that the carrierfrequency signal will be present at the transmitter out-put. Since this method requires "tampering" with the in-ternal circuitry, more time is required to measure thefrequency of a suppressed -carrier transmitter. An easiermethod is to modulate the transmitter with a 1000 -Hztone and measure the frequency of the resulting uppersideband with a frequency meter or counter and de-ducting 1000 Hz from the measurement figure, usingthe setup shown in Fig. 1.

In addition to a frequency meter or counter accurateto at least ±0.0005 percent, a wide -band oscilloscope(up to 30 -MHz vertical response) will be required forobserving the modulation envelope when measuringpeak envelope power (PEP) output and adjusting theautomatic level control while the transmitter is beingmodulated simultaneously by two tones (400 Hz and1800 Hz). This means that two audio signal generatorsalso will be required. The setup is shown in Fig. 2.

Since the 40 new SSB-only channels (Channels 60-99) are spaced only 5 KHz apart, new receivers willhave to be extremely selective. Transmitter frequencytolerance is to be 0.002 percent under the proposed newrules. But it will actually have to be better, because evensmall frequency errors will result in unintelligible re-covered audio at the receiver.

Receiver servicing will be different too. You can feedinto the receiver an unmodulated RF signal at a fre-quency 1000 Hz above the carrier frequency, to obtain asideband signal for alignment and signal tracing pur-poses, using the setup shown in Fig. 3. By tuning the RFsignal generator from 300 Hz to 3000 Hz higher than

the suppressed carrier frequency, you can measure thefrequency response and bandwidth of the receiver. Thefrequency of the RF signal generator must be very ac-curate and extremely stable. For this purpose, a fre-quency synthesizer, such as the communications moni-tors made by Cushman and Singer, is recommended.

In addition to a very accurate frequency measuringinstrument, a wide -band scope and two accurately cali-brated audio signal generators, you also will need 50 -ohm dummy loads and conventional multimeters. Also,very useful as a time saver is a peak -reading RF watt-meter, such as the Bird 4311, which indicates PEP on ameter scale.

HOW THE PROPOSED NEW RULES WILLAFFECT DEALERS

The proposed ban on the use of AM within a fewyears should not alarm dealers, existing CB'ers and thosenow buying current -generation equipment. The samething happened in the marine radio field. When the FCCchanged the marine rules to require the use of onlySSB on marine frequencies between 2 MHz and 24MHz, the Commission set a five-year cut-off date on theuse of AM (January 1, 1977).

Obviously, dealers also will participate in the presentand future CB radio boom. According to records keptby CB Magazine, there are approximately 14,000 retailCB outlets. They include thousands of independentdealers and parts distributors plus retail chains such asLafayette, Penney, Radio Shack, Sears and Wards. Ithas been rumored that even Macy's will soon be han-dling CB radios, because most buyers fall into the "con-sumer" category. Handling CB equipment is a naturalfor TV, hi-fi, auto radio and auto tape equipment deal-ers.

TYPE ACCEPTANCE

Since all CB transceivers of existing and future typessold or first installed after November 22, 1974 must beFCC type -accepted in order to be licensed, CB equip-ment service technicians should be aware of the rulesconcerning type -acceptance. Modification of a type -ac-cepted transmitter can result in automatic loss of type -acceptance unless the modification is classed by theFCC as a "permissive" one approved by the equipmentmanufacturer. Transmitter components may be replacedonly with factory furnished or factory approved com-ponents.

Detailed information about type -acceptance rules canbe found in an up-to-date edition of Part 2, FCC Rulesand Regulations, and information about CB technicalstandards can be found in Part 95 of the rules. Copiesof these rules can be obtained from the GovernmentPrinting Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.

CONCLUSION

Precision is the name of the game when servicingSSB equipment, as many in the marine radio businesshave learned. Servicing is a lot easier when there is acarrier signal. But, when there is no carrier signal ex-cept at the input of the balanced modulator in the trans -


THE CB SERVICING MARKET

In spite of the almost unbelievable congestionon the existing 23 CB channels, thousands of newCB'ers are going on the air each month, and theneed for servicing keeps increasing. The lid willreally be off when the proposed 47 new channels(24-30 and 60-99) are added.

As of June 30, 1974, there were 928,642 licensedCB stations. Based on an estimated average of4.2 transceivers per licensee, it is probable thatthere are more than 4 million licensed CB trans-ceivers in use. It is believed that there are equal-

ly as many, if not more, that are being operatedillegally, without a license.

During the year ending June 30, 1974, the totalnumber of CB station licenses increased by95,630. This does not indicate that only 95,630 newstation licenses were granted during the year, be-cause this figure does not reflect the number oflicenses that were not renewed or which wererevoked. Countless licensees continue to operatetheir transceivers after their licenses expire be-cause they do not want to pay the $20 licenserenewal fee (which the FCC proposes to reduceto $6).

mitter and a locally -generated carrier re-inserted at thereceiver detector, an intimate understanding of SSB andmore precise servicing techniques are required.

When new -generation CB equipment will becomeavailable depends on how soon the FCC acts. It is an-ticipated that the FCC will act during the first half of1975. For the present and for several years, there willbe a great demand for current -generation CB equip-ment.

It is expected that many more TV service establish-ments will expand into the CB service business be-cause of the significant increase in the use of CB equip-ment.

Recently, IBM increased its New York City rates for

MODEL 3916

The "Dip -Clip"is specially designedto allow the attachment oftest probes to 14 or 16 leadDIPs. The unique patenteddesign greatly reduces thepossibility of accidentalshorting while testinglive circuits. Numeroustest probes may bequickly connectedfor hands -free testing.

typewriter servicing from $16 to $23 per hour. Sinceservicing CB transceivers requires considerably moreskill than servicing typewriters, the CB radio serviceshop operator should be able to command as much, ifnot more, except in areas where the economy and com-petition will not permit it. But once you have acquiredCB servicing skills, particularly SSB skills, don't sellyour services too cheaply.

Whether you service or sell or do both, the CB radiofield offers unique opportunities. During the past 16years, the CB industry has become almost as big as theentire electronics industry was at the start of World WarII, and in half the time. Every citizen is a prospectiveCB equipment buyer and service customer.

ip clip

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The 501A is complete-with scope graticule and FP -3 probefor fast, one -handed in -circuit testing. It generates true current and voltagesteps, with 3% accuracy, for measuring beta at all current levels.And it has a sweep up to 100 volts and100 milliamperes.

With the 501A, curves aredisplayed on an auxiliary scope screen.And you can hook it up to any scope-old or new.

All three controls can be set inquick -test positions to test and evaluate90% of all solid-state devices withoutmanufacturer's data sheets.

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TEST INSTRUMENT REPORT

HEWLETT PACKARD MODEL 5381A FREQUENCY COUNTER

. . for more details circle 900 on Reader Service Card

The Model 5381A is an AC -oper-ated, direct -counting, digital -readoutfrequency counter with a range of 10Hz to 80 MHz.

Display Type

The digital readout is provided byseven light -emitting diodes (LED's),each of which has seven segments.

Input ImpedanceInput to the counter is through a

BNC connector on the lower right ofthe front panel. The input impedanceis 1 megohm shunted by less than 50pf of capacitance.

Sensitivity and Input LevelsMaximum sensitivity is 25mv (rms

sine wave) from 30 Hz to 20 MHz,with a nominal overall sensitivity of50 my (rms sine wave) throughout theusable frequency range of 10 Hz to80 MHz.

A three -position ATTENUATOR Mitchon the front panel reduces the sensi-tivity of the counter by factors of 10and 100. Maximum sensitivity and anoptimum ratio of signal to noise areprovided in the X1 position of theATTENUATOR switch. Maximum rec-ommended input levels with the AT-

TENUATOR switch in the X1 positionare 200 volts (DC plus peak AC)from DC to 40 Hz, 250 volts rmsfrom 40 Hz to 100 KHz, .25 micro-volt per hertz from 100 KHz to 5MHz, and 5 volts rms for signals over5 MHz.

The X10 and X100 positions of theATTENUATOR switch reduce the sensi-tivity by factors of 10 and 100, re-spectively. Maximum recommendedinput levels in the X10 and X100 po-sitions are 200 volts (DC plus peak

AC) from DC to 40 Hz, 250 voltsrms from 40 Hz to 1 MHz, .025microvolt per hertz from 1 MHz to50 MHz, and 5 volts rms from 50MHz to 80 MHz.

If the amplitude of the signal to bemeasured is unknown, or if noisecauses an unstable display, the ATTEN-UATOR switch should be set initially tothe X100 position and then reducedto X10 or XI, if necessary, to obtaina stable readout.

Time BaseThe internal time base of the Model

5381A is equipped with an unheated,1 -MHz crystal which has an agingrate of less than .3 parts per millionper month (ppm/month) and is ac-curate to within ± 10 ppm over atemperature range of 32 degrees Fto 104 degrees F.

A BNC jack labeled EXT IN and atwo -position switch labeled EXT/INTon the back of the Model 5381A per-mit use of an external oscillator inplace of the internal time base of thecounter. Externally generated timebase frequencies from 10 KHz to 2MHz at levels not exceeding 25 voltsrms can be accommodated by thecounter.

Gate Times and ResolutionThe length of time the counter

takes to make a measurement is man-ually selected by a three -positionswitch, labeled GATE TIME, on thefront panel of the instrument. (Thegate time effectively establishes therange of frequencies which can bemeasured and displayed by the coun-ter.) In the .1s position of the GATETIME switch, the counter "accumu-lates" hertz (cycles) for .1 secondand, at the end of this period, displaysthe accumulated count in terms of"tens" of MHz plus decimal fractionsof MHz up to 5 places to the right ofthe decimal point. (The decimalpoint is automatically shifted and dis-played when the GATE TIME SWItCh isrepositioned.) This provides a mea-surement resolution to within at least

10 Hz of any frequency between 10Hz and 80 MHz. For example, a fre-quency of 79.999999 MHz would beindicated as 79.99999 MHz.

In the Is position of the GATE TIMEswitch, the counter accumulates hertzfor 1 second and then displays thecount in terms of up to thousands ofKHz plus decimal fractions of KHzup to three places to the right of thedecimal point. For example, 5555.555KHz would be displayed as 5555.555.This is a resolution of 1Hz.

In the 10s position of the GATETIME switch, the counter accumulateshertz for 10 seconds and then displaysthe count in terms of up to hundredsof thousands of hertz plus decimalfractions of a hertz one place to theright of the decimal. This is a resolu-tion of .1 Hz.

If the number of hertz accumulatedduring the time period of a particularposition of the GATE TIME Mitch ex-ceeds the readout capability of the in-strument in that position, a dot on theupper left of the display lights, indi-cating the overrange condition. TheGATE TIME switch then should bemoved to the next faster position (forexample, from the lOs to the Is posi-tion).

Accuracy

The accuracy of the readout is ±1count ± the accuracy of the time baseoscillator.

Size and WeightThe Model 538IA is a compact 3.5

inches high by 6.25 inches wide by9.75 inches deep and weighs only4.75 pounds.

The frequency range, accuracy andprice ($249.00) of Hewlett Packard'sModel 5381A Frequency Countershould make it particularly appealingto electronic technicians who serviceClass D CB and low -band VHF com-mercial two-way communicationsequipment. Technicians who do notservice communications equipmentshould find it useful for servicing andcalibrating other test instruments as


well as a variety of industrial electron-ic servicing applications.

TRIPLETT HIGH -

VOLTAGE PROBE


A new high -voltage probe, Model79-70, for measurement of DC volt-ages up to 30 kv, recently was an-nounced by the Triplett Corporation.

The probe is designed for use withTriplett Models 630, 630A and 631VOM's and Triplett's new Model 615Maintenance Tester. When these in-struments are used with the 79-70probe. their function switches are ro-tated to the 3VDC position. The mea-sured voltage is read on the 0-300DC scale and then is multiplied by100.

Although the 79-70 probe isequipped with an insulated handle andcord, a spring -loaded hook on thepoint of the probe eliminates the needfor holding the probe against the volt-age source during the measurement.This safety feature permits you toconnect the probe to the voltagesource before power is applied to theequipment, and then, after power isapplied, you can make a hands-offmeasurement.

The price of the Model 79-70 high -voltage probe is $22.80.

THERE= BEEN SOMECHANGE MADE

SHORTLY YOU'LL BESEEING AN IMPROVED BLUE STUFF

ON YOUR DISTRIBUTOR'S SHELF

We've asked technicians all over thecountry how we could improve BLUE STUFF . .

They told us that they wanted a product thatwas easier to apply and one that wouldn't hardenover the years.

So we vent to the lab with their ideas andengineered a greatly improved new BLUE STUFF.

Here's why it's better .. .

LONGER LIFEYou'll be able to tell immediately that the new formula issofter. What you won't see immediately is that it won'tharden - even after years of service or under elevatedtemperatures.

BETTER POLISHINGThe new formula is twice as effective in polishing contacts.The new polishing ingredient won't clog and won't harmthe tuner contacts. We tested it through 420,000 tunerrotations without harm to the contacts - we would havetested it further but the bearings wore out.

(el-) LESS SPATTERThe new formula is packet with less pressure - whichmeans that it won't blast all over the tuner. It's much easierto control.

CtrEASIER APPLICATIONWe've added a very convenient accessory - a 24"FLEXTENSION that lets you set the can on the bench oron the floor of the set aid still bring the extension toexactly the right spot

WE KNOW THAT THOSE OF YOU WHO'VE USED BLUE STUFFFOR YEARS ARE REALLY GOING TO LIKE THE NEW FORMULA.

AND THOSE OF YOU WHO D,DN'T LIKE THE ORIGINAL SHOULDLOOK AT THE NEW BLUE STUFF . . IT'S UNQUESTIONABLY THEFINEST IN THE FIELD.

LOOK FOR IT ... IT'S EASY TO SPOT

IT HAS A SPECIAL WHITE LABEL ON THE CAP THAT SAYS"SPECIAL NEW FORMULA, PACKED WITH A 24" FLEXTENSION."

from TECH where we find solutions for your problemsSPRAY P. 0. Bcx 949 Amarillo, Texas 79109

... to more details circle 124 on Reader Service Card


TECHNICAL DIGEST

The material used in this section is selected frominformation supplied through the cooperation of therespective manufacturers or their agencies.

ADMIRALColor TV Chassis K1O-No Color

A problem of no color can possibly be caused by anopen coil, LC63 (620 mh). If this coil is open, we willnot have voltage at the collector of the 2nd Bandpasstransistor, Q14. Replace the defective coil with Part No.73A55-48.

If we lack some colors in the TV picture, it possibly

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can be caused by an open coil LD74 or LD75 (680 mh)With LD74 open, blue will be missing; with LD75 openred will be missing. Replace the open coil with Part No.73A55-17.

GENERAL ELECTRICColor TV Chassis "C"-High Voltage "Ticking/Sizzling" Sounds

The "ticking/sizzling" sounds that are sometimes heardin the high voltage cage area of the "C" chassis are causedby static build-ups and discharges. The condition is notdetrimental or an indication of a fault existing in the TVset. There have, however, been some customer complaintsabout these sounds. The following recommended procedureshould be used to reduce and, in most cases, eliminatethe noise.

Step 1-Measure the high voltage at minimum bright-ness and contrast. If it is high, adjust to correct level (withminimum illumination of screen) as follows: Sets with afocus rectifier should be set to maximum 26.0 kv.Sets with a focus divider resistor should be set tomaximum 25.0 kv. If the high voltage cannot be adjustedas described, check the high voltage circuitry for a com-ponent failure (possibly the hold down diode). If this stepdoes not correct the "ticking" problem, continue to thenext step.

Step 2-Reduce the high voltage to the minimum setting(i.e., turn the high voltage adjust pot completely counter-clockwise). Turn the brightness and contrast controlsthrough their complete range from minimum to maximumto insure that there is no picture deterioration caused bylowering the high voltage. If picture deterioration exists,increase the high voltage until it is eliminated and a cus-tomer acceptable picture exists.

Step 3-With the brightness and contrast controls bothset at maximum, increase the brightness limit control (i.e.,clockwise direction) until picture tube spot blooming isseen. Reduce the brightness limit setting until the bloom-ing is no longer evident.

Step 4-Remove and discard the strap that holds the3DS3 tube in place during shipment.

If these steps fail to eliminate the problem in stubborncases, the following items should be checked and/or cor-rected as indicated.

Disconnect the anode cap from the picture tube and in-spect for corona/arcing damage. If the anode cap showsdamage or deterioration, replace with a new cap. This mayoccur especially on sets that have been in use for a longtime.

Wipe lightly around the anode connection of the picturetube with a soft cloth and distilled water to remove anycontaminants. Clean the anode cap in the same manner.Allow sufficient time for complete drying of the anode capand anode connection area on the picture tube before re-connecting the anode and applying power to the set.

Replace the high voltage rectifier with a brand new3DS3 insuring that the tube is clean and has not been pre-viously used.

Before installing the plate cap on the 3DS3, fill the platecap with "Insulgrease" (EP90X9).

Remove and discard the duct seal (gray putty material)from the pins of the high voltage rectifier socket.

Replace the black cap on the high voltage cup with thenew clear cap (EP60X16). Some sets produced in the lastquarter of 1973 already have the new cap and it is notnecessary to complete this step.

Inspect the 3DS3 socket connections insuring that nopigtails exist and that all connections are smooth andround. Inspect the cup area to insure no foreign material(such as solder balls or splashes, etc.) are in the cup.

Install new duct seal (EP90X24) in the high voltagecup so that the duct seal covers all of the pins in the cupcompletely and does not come in contact with the cover.

On sets that have focus dividers, excessive spark gaplead length protruding through the terminal board maycause arcing. Cut the leads on the backside of the boardso that they are flush with the board. Resolder the connec-tions to produce a smooth round solder joint.

On sets with a focus divider, clean the spark gap with aclean, soft cloth to remove any dust or oil built up in thegap (Note: Do not use sandpaper, files or other abrasivessince they will leave sharp edges which will encouragespark gap breakdown).

MAGNAVOX

Color TV Chassis T981/T982/T981-Power Supply Diode Failures

Failure of one or more power supply diodes, and pos-sibly the CRT filament, might occur in the T981, T982,and T987 color TV chassis as a result of arcing in the pic-ture tube. The voltage pulse produced by the arc travelsdown one of the CRT filament leads to point W8B on theScan board. If this lead is positioned too close to thermistorRV200, the pulse will be transferred to the thermistor andto the power supply diodes. Should any of these diodes

40 j ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER, DECEMBER 1974

have to be replaced, check the position of the filament leadto be sure it is dressed as far away from RV200 as pos-sible. An inspection of the filament lead dress should bemade on all T981, T982, and T987 chassis during routineservice.

The power supply diodes might also be destroyed if theT981 or T982 chassis is connected directly to earth ground.Neither of these chassis is equipped with isolating powertransformer. The AC line voltage is connected directly to abridge rectifier, and the circuit arrangement causes the

chassis to measure approximately 70 v AC above earthground, regardless of the polarity of the AC plug. If thechassis is connected to earth ground (such as through theground lead of a VTVM using a three -wire AC cord), oneor more of the diodes in the bridge circuit will be destroyedinstantly. This problem can occur in any radio or TV setwhich has one side of the AC line connected to the chassis.Therefore, an isolation transformer should always be usedwhen servicing this type chassis.

Color TV Chassis T995-Module Removal

The Horizontal module and the Retrace/Screen modu'eare each held in place by a nylon mounting post fastenedto the module with a 'A inch hex screw.

The nylon post snaps into a hole in the chassis to securethe module. The modules should be removed by pushingthe post out of the chassis hole, not by removing the screwon the module. Replacement modules are supplied withnylon mounting posts attached to the module.

MOVING?Be sure to let us know your new address.

Please enclose a complete address label

from one of your recent issues.

WINEGARD AMPLIFIEDPRODUCTS PROVEN IN OVER1,000,000 INSTALLATIONS.

CASE IN POINT:WINEGARDPREAMPLIFIERS.

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Winegard preamplifierscome in 12 different broad-band models and a completerange of single channelmodels. With Winegardpreamplifiers you get allthese features:

work with any TVantenna

75 or 300 ohm output solid-state, printed

circuit cartridge unique lightning

protection circuit switch selectable

FM trap pre -amp and downlead

connections 100%protected from weatherand industrial deposits

power supply includedin all models

Best TV products for Best TV reception

WINEGARDTELEVISION SYSTEMS

Winegard C.nn KIrkwood Street 'BurlIngton Iowa 52601 . for more deta Is circle 130 on Reader Servce Card

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. for more details circle 117 on Reader Service Card


NEW PRODUCTSDescriptions and specifications of the products in-cluded in this department are provided by the man-ufacturers. For additional information, circle the cor-responding numbers on the Reader Service Card inthis issue.

RF SIGNAL GENERATOR 700

Solid-state compact unitprovides three types of outputs

Dynascan Corp. has introduced theB&K Model 2050 RF Signal Genera-tor. The unit is all -solid-state, com-pact, and is ideal for numerous appli-cations in the audio, radio and TV ser-vice field. The many applications in-clude AM receiver alignment, markersource for TV sweep alignment; RFamplifier gain tests and signal tracing.The generator provides three types ofoutputs: RF, 400 Hz modulated RF,and externally modulated RF with anaccuracy of 1.5 percent of dial setting.Combination HIGH -LOW switch, pluscontinuously variable RF output con-trol which provides 20 dB of signalchange. The power supply is zener-regulated; FETs are used in the RFand audio oscillator stages-ensuring

greater stability and maximum linear-ity of modulated signals. Most of thecomponents are mounted on a singlePC hoard, and the isolated RF circuitassures maximum protection againstexternal voltage sources. Other fea-tures include a multicolored, large 41/2inch dial with positive anti -backlashdrive; sturdy case with convenient car-ry handle; 3 -wire, grounded AC linecord. The generator measures 71/2 in-ches by 61/2 inches by 93/4 inches deep.Price is $107.

TV TUNER CLEANER/ 701LUBRICATING KITCorrects noisy VHFturret -type TV tuners

The Tube Products Department-General Electric Co., is offering indepen-dent service dealers an inexpensive kitdesigned to help solve the problem ofnoisy VHF turret -type television tun-ers. The kit includes ten foam padsand a bottle of cleaning/lubricatingjelly. Simply remove the tuner cover

and affix the foam pad on the insideof the tuner cover where the pad willlightly wipe all tuner contacts whenrevolved. Apply a light coating of jellyand replace the tuner cover. The kitsells for $3.75.

FREQUENCY COUNTER/TIMERFeatures bright 702planar readout

Simpson Electric Co. announces theavailability of Model 7016 ElectronicFrequency Counter -Timer. The coun-ter -timer has a frequency range of 5Hz to 50 MHz with gate times of 10msec (0.1 KHz resolution), 0.1 sec,1.0 sec and 10 sec (0.1 Hz resolution).

It has a total display range of 1 to1,999,999, and an accuracy of ± 1

count. This compact, lightweight unitmeasures 4 inches high by 8.5 incheswide by 8 inches deep and weighs 6.5lb. A new .55 -inch, bright planar read-out can be read from a distance of sev-eral feet. Display storage is selectableby means of a front panel switch. Thesample rate is continuously adjustablefrom 2 readings per second to hold.

ANTENNA SYSTEMDIRECTIONAL COUPLER TAPSCompatible with 30 -channel 703two-way antenna systems

Jerrold Electronics has developed anew series of directional coupler flush -mounted tap -offs for use in internal

TV distribution sys-tems. The newDFT series is rec-

'\, ommended for usewith either anMATV head -endor a CATV feed.They are compati-ble with 30 -chan-nel, two-way ser-vice systems. Fivevalues of uniformtap isolation areavailable: 7 dB, 13dB, 19 dB, 25 dB,

and 31 dB. Directionality is 16 dB,5 to 300 MHz. Minimum isolation be-tween outlets is 30 dB (twice tap iso-lation plus 16 dB directionality). The

7 -dB isolation DFT passes 5 to 300MHz, and the 13, 19, 25 and 31 dBunits handle 5 to 806 MHz, with di-rectionality of 10 dB minimumthrough the UHF band. Insertion loss-es of the DFT's range from 0.5 dB to1.7 dB, 5 to 300 MHz, and 0.7 dB to1.0 dB, 470 to 890 MHz. Tight shield-ing is achieved by means of a sealed,die-cast enclosure with F connectors.The unit will mount in any standard2 -inch -depth, single -gang outlet box.

OMNI-DIRECTION TUNERSPRAY NOZZLE 704

Assures better cleaningon all sides of the component

Tech Spray, manufacturer of aerosolchemicals for electronic technicians,announces a new service aid called"OMNI-SPRA." This aid is a nozzleextension that sprays in a 360 -degreecircle, as well as out the end, assuringbetter cleaning of all sides of the com-ponent. The aid is being packed withall cans of the company's BLUESHOWER product line.

DESOLDERING TIPS 705

Designed forminiature components

Two new small size desoldering tipsfor removing miniature componentshave been introduced by Enterprise De-velopment Corp. The tips-with an I.D.of .025 and .031-brings the totalnumber of tips available to eight, foruse with its Model 510 Endeco pencilstyle desoldering iron. All eight are in-cluded with the firm's desoldering

AAAAA.11 rl

kits. Tips also fit the new desolderinghead that quickly converts any Endecosoldering iron into a desoldering tool.Tip sizes range from .025 to .090.with the .063 standard.

FLAMEPROOF FILM RESISTORSCan be used as 706general-purpose replacements

Flameproof film resistors are nowavailable from RCA Parts and AccessoriesDivision. These resistors won't flame orshort under the most severe overloads.While they are designed for use as"exact replacements" in RCA instru-


3temperature

ranges

WITH THIS

CONTROLLED OUTPUT

SOLDERING STATION

BYWellerModel WTCP-L. Exclusive closed loopsystem of this 60 -watt unit controlstemperature output in three ranges:600"F. 700 F. and 800" F. Temperature determined by selection of quick -change, anti -oxidation -coated, heat -sensing tips available in several typesand sizes. Easy -to -hold, pencil -gripiron with flexible, non -burning cord.Power unit features rapid heat recov-ery. ON/OFF switch. red indicatorlight. "non -sinking" tool stand, tip -cleaning sponge receptacle.

Ask your local distributor or write...

Weller- XceliteElectronics Division

'1\ The Cooper Group eCOOPERINDUSTRIES

P. 0. BOX 728.APEX. NORTH CAROLINA 27502

. for more details circle 127 on Reader Service Card

ments, they can also be used as gener-al-purpose replacements in consumerinstruments of any make. To assuretheir use by service technicians, theyare marked by a star, as "safety" partsin RCA service data. The resistors

have a 2 -percent tolerance and areavailable in 1/2 -watt, 1 -watt, and 2 -watt ratings. There are 61 standard re-sistance values, ranging from 10 ohmsthrough one Megohm, in each wattagerating.

TEST RIG HIGH -VOLTAGEMETER 707

Designed for add-onto any TV test rig

The Model HVM 3900 ADD -A -METER from Telematic is designed foradd-on to any TV test rig. The self-contained unit can be mounted any-

ing of the picture tube second anodevoltage of the chassis under test, with-out additional connections. Featuresof the high -voltage meter are: a 31/2 -inch precision meter with self -shieldedmovement and jewel pivot bearings,

a tull scale reading of 35 kv, and anaccuracy of 2 percent. The multiplierassembly is a calibrated high -voltageresistor and a grounding assembly,which insures precise, accurate opera-tion of the meter. The meter is com-pletely assembled with hardware formounting at any convenient locationup to 36 inches from the test rig.

ANTENNAS 708

The UHF director trainfeatures diamond -shaped elements

The UHF gain of Channel Masters"Quantum" antenna series has beenincreased up to 3 dB by the develop-ment of a UHF director train featur-

continued on next page

ghost =vpliers=pun -1-1

B,XceliteA_L THE TYPES

YOU NEED IN A

FULL RANGE OF SIZES

From 4" miniature elec-tronics to 10" utility. Pre-cision made in U.S.A.Forged alloy steel con-struction. Cleanly milled,perfectly aligned jaws.Hand -honed, mated cut-ting edges. Most withCushion Grip handles.

INCLUDING

5" Bent Thin Chain Nose. For handlingfine wires in close quarters. No. 79CG

51/2" Thin Needle Nose. For firm gripping and looping of wires No. 57CG

4" Full Flush Cutting Diagonals. Snapcuts to the extreme tip. No. 84CG

5" Midget Slip Joint. Narrow jaws forclose quarters. 3 openings to 1/2".No. 50CG

Ask your local distributor or write...

Weller-XceliteElectronics Division

The Cooper GroupORCHARD PARK. N.Y.14127


1974, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER I 43DECEMBER

NUN PRODUCTS."continued from preceding page

ing diamond -shaped elements. The de-sign is standard on all UHF/ VHF"Quantum" models. The directors aremounted side -by -side in co -linear fash-

ion, and provide high gain and direc-tivity across the entire UHF bandwithout the necessity of pre -tuning forspecific bandwidths or "peaking" forspecific channels. The diamond shapeof the director lowers the element's in-ductance without changing its capaci-tance, resulting in improved band-width. Positioning the diamonds side -by -side creates a broad aperture andan extremely narrow beam width, cre-ating the affect of two yagis mountedside by side with a common feed. The

antenna rejects interference from sideand rear by combining high gain withvery high directivity and narrow beamwidth. There are seven VHF/FMmodels and eight UHF/VHF/FMmodels.

COMMUNICATIONS COUNTER

Eight -digit display with units 709annunciators and overflow indication

Anadex Instruments, Inc., introducesthe Anadex Model CF -710 Communi-cations Counter. The instrument fea-tures a 1 GHz measurement capabilityat 30 my RMS sensitivity over thetemperature range of 0° C to 50° C.Packaged in a rugged case with a car-rying handle on the side, the counterhas an 8 -digit, .55 inch high Sperry

1=0-1111111111- '_....lor

106.3897D

display with units annunciators andoverflow indication. Function modesare selected by front panel pushbuttoncontrols. Plug-in IC's are used

throughout the chassis. The counterfeatures phase lock multipliers ofX100 and X1000 for input frequenciesfrom 50 Hz to 10 KHz. Resolution of0.001 Hz on frequency inputs and upto 10 KHz is provided by these mul-tipliers. Front panel pushbutton con-trols permit selection of the multipli-cation factors and resolution desired.Price is $920.

TRUCK INTERIORSHELF/BIN UNITS 710

Constructed of 20 -gauge steelwith 600 -lb. shelf -load capacity

These Kole Compact Truck InteriorShelf and Bin Units, offered by Kole En-terprises, Inc., are designed for easy ac-cess and conservation of valuablespace-anyone can custom fit any vanto fit whatever their needs are. Avail -

Don't buy a rejuvenator...buy the complete picture -tube service system!For only $199*.

1. Leakage and Shorts Tests/Repairs :Meters indicate simultaneously shorts orleakage in R. B, and G guns. Here. Greengun is detective.

RED GREEN

1 1--j-1

3. Emission/Tracking: Simultaneous emis-sion readings give you instant check onratios between guns. Here. Red -gun emis-sion is not acceptable.

2. Easy Intermitent Tests: Simultaneousmonitoring of hree guns quickly detectsintermittent gun, eliminates lime -wastingguesswork. Blue gun, above. is intermittent.

RED BLUE GREEN

4. Rejuvenation. Rejunevate picture tubes 5ways with the WT -333A depending ontube's condition. Meters, above, show Redgun has been restored.

When you buy the 3 -meter RCAWT -333A, you get both an accuratepicture -tube tester and a rejuvenator.The WT -333A performs all the vitaltests and repairs you need to servicenearly 2000 picture -tube types.

'Optional Price

Get all of these servicing essen-tials at RCA's sensible price - only$199! Buy the WT -333A from one ofthe more than 1000 authorized RCAdistributors worldwide. Or, write toRCA, Harrison, N.J. 07029.

Remember, onlyonly RCAmakes both picture tubes and

a picture -tube tester.Ours has to be good!

RCA ElectronicInstruments

... for more details circle 121 on Reader service Card44 ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER, DECEMBER 1974

able in two popular sizes-three- andfour -foot units-they can be arrangedthe way they are needed. The units areconstructed of 20 -gauge steel with600-1b. shelf capacity. Features in-clude: 1 -inch increment holes for shelfadjustment; shelves trimmed and fold-ed for greater strength and safety;shelves can be adjusted and slanted upto 3 inches and have special lockingnuts that won't vibrate loose.

POWER METER 711

Provides a perfect matchand stops power loss

Two all new matcher -reflected pow-er meters are added to the line of ac-cessory products of Gold Line Connector,

Inc. The GLC 1087 (shown in pic-ture) is a 500 watt, 13-78 MHz unitand the GLC 1088 has a rating of1000 watts and 144-220 MHz. Bothmatchers eliminate the need for anSWR Bridge. They both stay in linefor a perfect match and stop powerloss. By simply inserting the unit be-tween the transmitter and antennalead-in and adjusting the tuning knobsto the lowest meter reading, a perfectmatch results and power loss is elim-inated. The price of the Model GLC1087 is $28.95 and the GLC 1088 is$33.95.

TUNER LUBRICANT/CLEANERProvides continuous cleaning, 712polishing and lubricates tuner contacts

PTS Electronics, Inc., announced a newproduct-PTS No.108, GREEN GI-ANT TUNERFOAM. The foamprovides continu-ous cleaning, pol-ishing and lubricat-ing of the tunercontacts. It is safefor all plastics andwill not cause driftor detuning whensprayed only on thecontacts. Available

from all PTS locations.

TGIUGH!

THEY HAVE TO BE. THEY'RE ENGINEERED TOPROTECT YOUR COSTLY COMPONENTS FROM ACIRCUIT OVERLOAD.

ALL our fuses are subjected to the most rigid tests beforethey become a WORKMAN Amp Fuse or Sans -A -Fuse:

The WORKMAN Sans -A -Fuse* ( circuit breaker with ampfuse pins ) is so tough it may be reset time and timeagain and still maintain it's original reliability.

This is only possible because WORKMAN puts quality,reliability and performance into each of it's color codedAmp Fuses and Sans -A -Fuses® and both are tough as

( expletive deleted )!

WorkmanELECTRONIC PRODUCTS, INC.Subsidiar of lEW TECHNOLOGY INC.

BOX 3828 SARASOTA, FLA. 33578

NOW, with a WEST COAST WAREHOUSE located at:P.O. Box 5218, 817 Douglas Avenue

Redwood City, California 94063To better serve you.

. . . for more details cire le 129 on Reader Service Card

DECEUER 1974, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 45

346 WaysTo Sive OnInstruments!EICO's Test Instruments lineis the industry's mostcomprehensive because eachinstrument serves a specificgroup of professional needs.You name the requirement-from a resistance box to aVTVM. from a signal tracer toa scope, from a tube tester toa color TV generator, etc., youcan depend on EICO to give

you the best professionalvalue. Compare our latestsolid state instruments at yourlocal EICO ElectronicsDistributor, he knows yourneeds best-and serves yourrequirements with the bestvalues!

"Build -it -Yourself" and saveup to 50% with our famouselectronic kits.

For latest EICO Catalog on TestInstruments, Automotive and HobbyElectronics, Eicocraft Project kits,Burglar -Fire Alarm Systems and nameof nearest EICO Distributor, check readerservice card or send 500 for fast firstclass mail service.

EICO-283 Malta Street,Brooklyn, N.Y. 1120730 years of service to the ProfessionalServiceman.

EICOL... for mere details circle 101 en Reader Service Card

DEALER SHOWCASEDescriptions and specifications of the products in-cluded in this department are provided by the man-ufacturers. For additional information, circle the cor-responding numbers on the Reader Service Card in

this issue.

CB PARTS/ACCESSORIESPROGRAM

Over sixty different productsdisplayed on a self-servicemerchandiser

I596A 2 -way splitter, are mounted onthe display. The other plexiglass dis-play board holds 12 Jerrold OMNI-TAP tap -offs, completely wired withattenuators simulating cable losses.The dealer or distributor salesmanwho uses the display can easily con-nect it to any good antenna and TV

713 -"°1 INSTANT MATV

A comprehensive selection of CBand Amateur radio replacement parts,accessories and "step-up" items areoffered in a new CB Accessories Pro-gram introduced by GC Electronics.Merchandising Program No. 49-810features over 60 different products dis-played on a self-service, 4 ft. by 4 ft.floor merchandiser. Among the itemsfeatured in the program are power

base and mobile unit microphones,dual power SWR meters, noise filtersand suppressors and a specially select-ed assortment of microphone and an-tenna plugs and connectors. Alsoavailable is a colorful CB Accessoriescatalog that illustrates and describesthe entire GC Citizens Band equip-ment line.

MATV SYSTEM DISPLAY 714

Helps distributors anddealers ex lain instant MATV

As an aid to merchandising theirnewly developed Instant MATV, Jer-rold Electronics has developed a com-pact portable display. Mounted on onedisplay board are a choice of head -endamplifiers-a 4330 all -channel Gibral-tar, a 3455 Gibraltar for VHF areas,and a TAC-8l all -channel amplifierfor small systems. Two splitters, amodel 1597 4 -way splitter and a model

441111.1,11.11k01

00

11.115001, it Wr

INSTANT MATV

M CD m M Q CM

set for a simple Instant MATV dem-onstration. He can show the prospectthat pictureTAP and the end of the MATV feederline is equal to pictures obtained fromone set connected directly to the an-tenna. He can also show the effect ofvarying the isolation of the OMNI-TAPs which are screwdriver adjustablefrom 12 to 25 dB isolation. Jerrold In-stant MATV makes available a selec-tion of factory pre-engineered MATVsystems that require no customer cal-culations.

VHF HIGH BANDMONITOR/RECEIVER 715

Automatically locks inon emergency broadcasts

Channel Master has introduced theModel 6258, VHF/High Band Moni-tor and Receiver. It is a hand-held,four -channel scanner that automati-cally searches for and locks in onemergency broadcasts. The crystal -controlled unit is designed to receivefrequencies used by fire and rescueworkers. It can be set to bypass un-wanted channels, or locked into a sin-gle preferred channel. Channel selec-tion may be manual or automatic. Asquelch control quiets unwanted back-ground noise as the receiver scans forsignals. Other features include indica-tor lights for each channel, a belt clipfor hands -free carrying, an AC adapt-er jack, and a charging jack. The scan -


ner operates on four penlight cells,and an AC recharger/adapter is avail-able. The audio output is 300 milli -watts; frequency range is 150-170MHz. The unit measures 6 inches by23/4 inches by 11/2 inches. Price is$119.95.

STEREO SPEAKER SET 716

Especially suitable forflush -mount installation

An economy model stereo speakerset is introduced by RCA to sell at amoderate price, making it especiallysuitable for low-cost installations.

These speakers are especially suitablefor flush -mount installation in confinedareas such as in cars, trucks, recrea-tional vehicles and boats, as well as inwalls or ceilings of homes. The stereospeaker set, Model 12R403, includes20 feet of speaker wire, all necessarymounting hardware, and simplified in-stallation instructions. Technical speci-fications are: 61/2 -inch grill, 5 -inchspeaker with 3 -oz. ceramic magnetand 7600 -gauss flux density, 8 -ohmvoice coil. The speaker is rated for 10watts music maximum input. Price is$7.50.

DIGITAL CLOCKChangeable messagespromote electronic servicing

The Tube Products Department-General Electric Co. is currently offeringindependent service dealers a digitalclock, promoting the "Four Seasons ofElectronic Servicing." One of a varietyof items available in GE's new Busi-ness Aids Catalog, the clock features

continued on page 48

717

NOW! Protect againstTransient Voltage Damageto TV, Stereo andHome Appliances with

Metal Oxide Varistors.TV Set manufacturers know that many component failures arecaused by voltage transients: lightning, voltage spikes and powersurges. Now you can do something about it .. . economically.

Insert easy to install GE-MOV metal oxide varistors in componentcircuits and prevent damage from transient voltage once and forall. The varistor absorbs the dangerous transient and dissipates itas heat. The cost is low. The installation fast and easy. It's likeoffering your customers an insurance package ... and it's anopportunity to make a profit!Our GE-MOV program is ready and waiting. For all the facts aboutthis addition to General Electric's growing replacement semi-conductor line, see your authorized distributor.

TUBE PRODUCTS DEPARTMENTGENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYOWENSBORO, KENTUCKY 42301

GENERAL ELECTRICDECEMBER 1974, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 147

DEALER SHOWCASE...continued from page 47

four full color, changeable messagespromoting the servicing of color tele-vision, stereo sets and portable radiosthroughout the year.

NEEDLE MERCHANDISER 718

A totally self-contained selling unit

A new phonograph needle merchan-diser, the NEEDLE FINDER, hasbeen introduced by EVGAME. The mer-chandiser requires only one square

foot of counter space and incorporatesthe simplest to use system for needleidentification. Actual size and colorphotographs of the 77 fastest sellingneedles are printed on durable plasticpages, tabbed for easy reference andmounted on the merchandiser with athree-ring binder. The photographsare taken in a manner that gives theneedles a third dimension appearance,and are grouped by physical charac-teristics which enable the user toquickly locate his needle. The unit isa complete merchandiser-colorful,compact, pilferproof and a totally self-contained merchandiser. Two pro-grams are available-the 69-130 whichconsists of 69 types totaling 130 dia-mond needles, and the 77-347 with 77types totaling 347 diamond needles.Both programs include many extrassuch as spring loaded needle drawersand storage bin, eye-catching mobile,window banner and catalog.

CONSUMER PRODUCT DISPLAYS

Features raised molded platforms andbackdrops which frames the 719merchandise

Channel Master is offering dealers avariety of new, full color counter dis-plays for its Emergency BroadcastScanner, Telephone Answering Sys-tem, and Walkie Talkies. All threeunits feature raised molded platformsand backdrops which dramatically "set

up" and frame the actual merchandise.The Scanner display attracts shoppers'attention with a flashing red beacon

which dramatically highlights its func-tion as a receiver of police and fireemergency calls. A copy panel on thePhone Answering System display ad-vertises its unique one-year instant re-placement guarantee.

HEADPHONES 720Contains a 21/2 inchdriver in each ear piece

Panasonic has added the ModelEAH-23 headphones to its popularpriced line, offering features as light-weight, adjustable head bands, and earpads which are removable for clean-

ing. The stereo headphone set containsa 21/2 inch driver in each ear piece forcomplete stereo sound reproduction. Italso features separate volume controlsfor convenient adjustment to individ-ual tastes. The frequency response is20 to 20,000 Hz. Price is $34.95.

NEEDLE AND CARTRIDGEDISPLAY 721

Displays 150 needles and 30cartridges in standard packages

Pageant/N.A. Miller Industries intro-duced a merchandising display thatcan accommodate both phonographneedles and cartridges. It stores either200 needles or 150 needles and 30cartridges in standard industry pack-aging. Constructed of masonite andsheet metal, the merchandiser mea-sures 16 inches by 16 inches by 10inches. Being compact, it is ideal for

counter -top merchandising wherespace is at a premium. A lock, on thehinged rear panel opening, preventspilferage. The front and rear panelsof the merchandiser identify 28 of themost popular needles sold today. Life-size illustrations make it easy for con-sumers to match needle styles, savingconsiderable time for sales personnel.

CD -4 DEMODULATOR 722

Can be used with anyfour -channel receiver

The Marantz Co., Inc., announces theaddition of the Model CD -400 De-modulator for playing of CD -4 dis-crete discs. It features a Phase -Lock -Loop for the 30-KHz subcarrier, andAutomatic Noise Reduction Systemcircuitry. Also included is a complete

set of auxiliary four -channel inputsand a front -panel AUX pushswitch.This feature provides the user with anadditional input selection for his four -channel equipment. Of importance tohigh fidelity listening is that the unithas its own built-in RIAA equalizationnetwork, obviating the need to dras-tically roll off the phono frequency re-sponse of the amplifier used with it.The demodulator can be used with anyfour -channel receiver. The price is$99.95.

MOTION DETECTION SYSTEMDetects motion at 723ranges of up to 100 ft.

A complete alarm system featuringreliable detection of moving intrudersat ranges up to 100 feet has been an-nounced by Mountain West Alarm. Vol-ume coverage can provide floor -to -ceil-ing and wall-to-wall protection. Formany applications the Model R4, Mi-crowave Intrusion System can provideprotection with no added equipment asit detects motion over a large area. Lo-,cal alarm is provided with a distinctiveyodel type electronic siren which canbe heard a block away. In addition,the system provides means for con-necting other detectors from doors,windows, floor mats, fire detectors, andpanic switches to the same alarm.Alarm relay outputs are available forconnecting the system to telephone


dialers, direct wire alarms, and audi-ble signals. The 10.525 GHz micro-wave motion detection system coversa 30° angle over ranges adjustablefrom 0 to 100 feet. Moving intrudersare detected with solid-state digitalcircuits that eliminate false alarmscaused by random vibrations, air mo-tion, telephone bells, etc. The systemis simple to install and can be placedon a shelf or mounted permanently.

The unit is powered from AC line or12 v DC and switches to 12 volt bat-tery for emergency power. The unitmeasures 9 inches wide by 6 incheshigh by 7 inches deep. Price is $369.

TWO-WAY CB RECEIVER

Features double -conversion, outputfor extension speaker and a 724tone control

The Model CAM -89, CB Base Sta-tion Receiver introduced by DynascanCorp., is all -solid-state, offering maxi-mum legal power output, and includesa number of important features.Among these is the exclusive Cobra"DynaMike" gain control, which pro-vides even more "talkpower" during

transmission than its predecessor Mod-el CAM -88. In addition, it includesdelta tune, to permit pulling in evenslightly off -frequency transmissionswith clarity; separate illuminated me-ters for modulation percentage andsignal strength indications; switchableautomatic noise limiting; RF gain con-trol; and PA capability. The receiveralso features double -conversion, out-put for extension speaker, and a tonecontrol. The unit measures 53A incheshigh by 133/4 inches wide by 125/8inches deep. Price is $240.

ELECTRONIC CLASSIFIETECHNICIAN/DEALER

send...write,

a messagee here.

1. Number of insertions: (circle) 1 2 3 6 122. Start with (month) issue (Copy must be in by 1st of month preceding)3. Amount enclosed: $PAYMENT MUST ACCOMPANY ORDER WELL BILL RATED FIRMS NO AGENCY COMMISSION

NAME COMPANY

STREET

CITY STATE ZIPMAIL COPY FOR AD(S) TO ROZ MARKHOUSE. Electronic Technician/Dealer. 757 Third Ave . New York, N Y 10017

1-

RATES: 35t per word; 45 per word Bold Face Type. Minimum $10.00 charge. ClassifiedD;splay Rate billed $40.00 per inch, 1 inch minimum. Add $3.00 if you wish boxrumber. Remittance must accompany order. Mail ad copy to Roz Markhouse,Electronic* Technician Dealer, 757 Third Ave.. New York, N.Y. 10017.

[CORNELL) ELECTRONICS COMPANYTHE ORIGINAL

HOME OF

4213N. UNIVERSITY AVE. SAN DIEGO CALIF. 92105Same Low Price * Bargain Tools

East or West Coast!* Transistor Tester* Technic.sn's Library

ONE YEARGUARANTEE

INDIVIDUAL_'BOXED

5 DAY MONEYBACK OFFER

LAB TESTED USED

SEND FOR FREE

NEW 48 PAGECOLOR CATALOG

* Dumost Picture Tubes* Diodes-Transistors--Kits* Tube Cartons

SPECIALOFFER

ON ALL ORDERSOVER $10.00

25cPER TUBEmourm

FROM THIS LIST

6AG5 6CB66AU6 6.166AX4 6SN7

Your Order FREE if Not Shipped in 24 Hours... for more details circle 106 on Reader Service Card

SADELCO FS719B!

Offers the Best!SINGLE INPUTUHF/VHF/FM

. Features Accuracy

PriceFor the name of your local distributor, contact:

SADELCO, INC.299 Park Ave.Weehawken, N.J.07087

Finest in its Class 201 866-0912THE LARGEST MANUFACTURER OF TELEVISIO*1 FIELD STRENGTH METERS IN THE U.S.A.

Ava table in Canada from Co-nm-Plea Electronics Ltd.. for more details circle 122 on Reader Service Card

DEOEMBEF. 1974, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER ; 49

BUILT-INSPEAKER

TUNOPOWERRESTORES TUNERS!

CHEMTRONICSru INCORPORATED1260 RALPH AVE BROOKLYN N Y 11236

Our business is improving yours.


roCurrent &

Voltage ReadingFor Today ...

And Tomorrow !

MODEL $2651

995RANGE NO. 1 40,000 VOLTS DC

Send literature and nameof my distributor.Polaris New York2862 FULTON STREETBROOKLYN, N.Y. 11207

Name

Address

City State

-JReader Service Card

READERS

SERVICE INDEX

ADVERTISER'S INDEX

101 B & K Division Dynascan Corp. 37

102 Blonder -Tongue Laboratories, Inc. 6

103 Book Club Tab Books 16-19

104 Channel Master 2

105 Chemtronics, Inc. 50

106 Cornell Electronics Co. 49

107 Fordham Radio Supply Co., Inc. 50

108 Eico Electronic Instruments Co. 46

109 Finney Company, The 33

GTE Sylvania 1

GTE Sylvania 11

General Electric Company 47

112 Heath Company, The 7

113 International Rectifier Corp. 15

114 Jensen Tools & Alloys 50

115 Jerrold Electronics Corp. Cover 3

116 Leader Instruments Corporation 4

117 Motorola Training Institute 41

110 Oelrich Publications 50

118 PTS Electronics, Inc. Cover 2

119 Perma-Power Company 10

120 Pomona Electronics 36

121 RCA Electronic Instruments 44

122 Sadelco 49

123 Sprague Products Company 5

124 Tech Spray 39

125 Telematic Div., UXL Corp. 50

126 Triplett Corporation Cover 4

127 Weller Xcelite 43

128 Weller Xcelite 43

130 Winegard 41

129 Workman Electronic Products, Inc. 45

NEW PRODUCTS

700 RF Signal Generator 42

701 TV Tuner Cleaner/Lubricating Kit 42

702 Frequency Counter/Timer 42

703 Antenna System DirectionalCoupler Taps 42

704 Omni -Direction Tuner Spray Nozzle 42

705 Desoldering Tips 42

706 Flameproof Film Resistors 42

707 Test Rig High -Voltage Meter 43

708 Antennas 43709 Communications Counter 44

710 Truck Interior Shelf/Bin Units .44711 Power Meter .45712 Tuner Lubricant/Cleaner 45

DEALER SHOWCASE

713 CB Parts/Accessories Program 46

714 MATV System Display 46

715 VHF High Band Monitor/Receiver 46

716 Stereo Speaker Set 47

717 Digital Clock 47

718 Needle Merchandiser 48719 Consumer Product Displays 48

720 Headphones 48

721 Needle and Cartridge Display 48

722 CD -4 Demodulator 48

723 Motion Detection System 48

724 Two -Way CB Receiver 49

TEST INSTRUMENTS

900 Hewlett-Packard Model 5381AFrequency Counter 38

901 Triplett High -voltage Probe 39

"I toldtold her you would have it fixed as soonas possible. She wants to know if you canmake it a little sooner."

FREE CATALOGHARD -TO -FIND PRECISION TOOLSLists more than 2000 items-pliers,tweezers, wire strippers, vacuum systems,relay tools, optical equipment, tool kitsand oases. Also includes ten pages ofuseful "Tool Tips" to aid in tool selection.

a E tat TOOLS4117 N. 44th Street, Phoenea, Area 85018


IT'S NO PUZZLETO ORDER

OELRICH SERVICE FORMSFOR TV RADIO & 2 WAY RADIO SERVICE LEGAL FORMS FOR CALIF. FLA.UTAH NOW AT YOUR PARTS JOBBER OR WRITE FOR CATALOG A64

OELRICH PUBLICATIONS4040 N NASHVILLE AVE CHICAGO. ILLINOIS 60634


DISCOUNTTEST

EQUIPMENTSPECIALISTS

ENt HICKOK

L/EicaL7 Lgasiar.COMPLETE LINE OF ELECTRONIC SUPPLIES

ICC/Mullard & Raytheon TubesTelematic Test Rigs

FREE CATALOGQUOTATIONS ON REQUEST

FORDHRMRadio Supply Co., Inc.

558 Morris Ave., Bronx, N.Y. 10451Tel 12121 585-0330

... for more details circle 125 on



READER SERVICE INFORMATION CARD 12-74

Circle

the

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Service

numbers

of those

items of

interest

to you.

LYour signature

This card is usable until Marcn 1, 1975.

For more information on products or services mentioned in this issue, simply circle the appropriatenumbers below, type or pint your name and address, apply postage, and drop in the mail.

ADVERTISED PRODUCTS TEST INSTRUMENTS NEW PRODUCTS

101 109 117 125 133 141 149 900 908 916

102 110 118 126 134 142 150 901 909 9',7

103 111 119 127 135 143 151 902 910 918

104 112 120 128 136 144 152 903 911 919

105 113 121 129 137 145 153 904 912 920

106 114 122 130 138 146 154 905 913 921

107 115 123 131 139 147 155 906 914 522

108 116 124 132 140 148 156 907 915 923

NAME_

COMPANY

CITY

POSITION _

STREET _

STATE

Please describe your type of business or industry

GET

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FACTS

Your own

personal

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700 708 716 724 732 740

701 709 717 725 733 741

702 710 718 726 734 742

703 711 719 727 735 743

704 712 720 728 736 744

705 713 721 729 737 745

706 714 722 730 738 746

707 715 723 731 739 747

ZIP CODE

Reader Service Department

ELECTRONICTECHNICIAN/DEALERPOST OFFICE BOX 6016, DULUTH, MINNESOTA '35806

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3 Years $13

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'BONUS: With a 2 or 3 sear subscription, you receive both TEKFAX 111 and theCOLOR TV GUIDEBOOK free! If you are subscribing for 1 year, please indtateyour choice of eitrier: TEKFAX 111 COLOR TV GUIDEBOOK

PLEASE CHECK BELOW:1. In the TV, Radio aid other consumer products fields, is your firmPRIMARILY a: (please check most descriptive item) 2. Title (please check one)

Retailer with service department [( Industrial electronics Owner, manager, buyer.; Service repair firm with service firm other executive

some retail Manu'acturer Service manager Service/repair firm with no retail ,] Other (please describe) Service repairman or other employee

NAME STREET_

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ELECTRONICTECHNICIAN/DEALERPOST OFFICE BOX 6016, DULUTH, MINNESOTA 55806

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ADVERTISED PRODUCTS TEST INSTRUMENTS NEW PRODUCTS

101 109 117 125 133 141 149 900 908 916 700 708 716 724 732 740

Circle

the

Reader102 110

103 111

118

119

126

127

134

135

142

143

150

151

901

902909 917

910 918701

702

709

710

717

718

725

726733

734

741

742 Service104 112 120 128 136 144 152 903 911 919 703 711 719 727 735 743105 113

106 114

121

122

129

130

137

138145

146

153

154

904

905912 920913 921

704

705

712

713

720

721

728

729736

737

744

745numbers

107 115108 116

123

124

131

132

139

140

147

148

155

156

906907

914 922915 923

706

707

714

715722

723

730

731738

739

746

747 of those

NAME POSITION items ofCOMPANY STREET interestCITY STATE ZIP CODE

to you.Please describe your type of business or industry

Your signature

BUSINESS REPLY MAILNO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES

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FIRST CLASSPERMIT NO. 665DULUTH. MINNESOTA Your own

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ELECTRONICTECHNICIAN/DEALER

GROUP

268

COMPLETE MANUFACTURER S' CIRCUIT DIAGRAMSAND TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR 4 NEW SETS

SCHEMATIC NO. SCHEMATIC NO.

SONY 1560 ZENITH 1559Color TV Model 10/ 1730R TV Chassis 12CB12X, 2X

SYLVANIA 1562 ZENITH 1561TV Chassis A22-1 Color TV Chassis 19FC46 SCHEMATIC NO. SCHEMATIC NO. SCHEMATIC NO.

COMPLETE MODEL CHASSIS INDEXFOR ALL CIRCUIT DIGESTS AND TEKFAX FROM

JANUARY 1964 THROUGH DECEMBER 1974

Month In Which Schematic Appears

829-833 ... . Jan. 1964 1105-1110 Sept. 1967 1355-1359 . May 1971834-838 Feb. 1964 1111-1116 Oct. 1967 1360-1364 June 1971839-843 March 1964 1117-1122 Nov. 1967 1365-1369 July 1971844-850 April 1964 1123-1127 Dec. 1967 1370-1374 Aug. 1971851-853 May 1964 1128-1133 Jan. 1968 1375-1379 Sept. 1971854-858 June 1964 1134-1139 Feb. 1968 1380-1384 Oct. 1971859-863 July 1964 1140-1145 March 1968 1385-1389 Nov. 1971864-870 Aug. 1964 1146-1151 April 1968 1390-1393 Dec. 1971871-875 Sept. 1964 1152-1157 May 1968 1394-1398 Jan. 1972876-881 Oct. 1964 1158-1163 June 1968 1399-1404 Feb. 1972882-887 Nov. 1964 1164-1169 July 1968 1405-1409 March 1972888-893 Dec. 1964 1170-1175 Aug 1968 1410-1414 April 1972894-900 Jan. 1965 1176-1181 Sept. 1968 1415-1419 May 1972901-908 Feb. 1965 1182-1187 Oct. 1968 1420-1424 June 1972909-916 March 1965 1188-1193 Nov. 1968 1426-1429 July 1972917-923 .AprIl 1965 1194-1198 Dec. 1968 1430-1434 Aug. 1972924-926 May 1965 1199-1204 Jan. 1969 1435-1438 Sept. 1972927-934 June 1965 1205-1210 Feb. 1969 1439-1442 Oct. 1972935-942 July 1965 1211-1216 March 1969 1443-1446 Nov. 1972943-950 Aug. 1965 1217-1222 April 1969 1447-1450 Dec. 1972951-953 Sept. 1965 1223-1228 May 1969 1451-1454 Jan. 1973954-961 Oct. 1965 1229-1234 June 1969 1455-1459 Feb. 1973962-969 Nov. 1965 1235-1240 July 1969 1460-1463 March 1973970-975 Dec. 1965 1241-1246 Aug. 1969 1464-1467 April 1973976-982 Jan. 1966 1247-1252 Sept. 1969 1468-1472 May 1973983-988 Feb. 1966 1253-1258 Oct. 1969 14731477 June 1973989-995 March 1966 1259-1264 Nov. 1969 1478-1481 July 1973996 1001 April 1966 1265-1269 Dec. 1969 1482-1485 Aug. 19731002-1009 May 1966 1270-1275 Jan. 19/0 1486-1489 Sept. 19731010-1015 June 1966 1276-1281 Feb. 1970 14901494 Oct. 19731016-1022 July 1966 1282-1287 March 1970 1495-1499 Nov. 19731023-1028 Aug. 1966 1288-1293 April 1970 1500-1503 Dec. 19731029-1035 Sept. 1966 1294-1299 May 1970 1504-1508 Jan. 19741036-1041 Oct. 1966 1300 1305 June 1970 1509-1513 Feb. 19741042-1047 Nov. 1966 1306-1310 July 1970 1514-1518 March 19741048-1054 Dec. 1966 1311-1315 Aug. 1970 1519-1523 April 19741055-1060 Jan. 1967 1316-1320 Sept. 1970 1524-1528 May 19741061-1067 Feb. 1967 1321-1325 Oct. 1970 1529-1533 June 19741068-1073 March 1967 1326-1330 Nov. 1970 1534-1538 July 19741074-1080 April 1967 1331-1334 Dec. 1970 1539-1543 Aug. 19741081-1086 May 1967 1335-1339 Jan. 1971 1544-1548 Sept. 19741087-1092 June 1967 1340-1344 Feb. 1971 1549-1553 Oct. 19741093-1098 July 1967 1345-1349 March 1971 1554-1558 Nov. 19741099-1104 Aug. 1967 1350-1354 April 1971 1559-1563 Dec. 1974

ADMIRAL 10312-1 9569361G611-1 .

101155-1 918Chassis:C21E112-1, 1AG, IAS, 1HR, 1N. 18, 1C... 1K18-14, 24

1850883391

910 204910C211313-1

C211315-1, 14G, 1AS 910

.....883

C21C12-14G, IAS, 1C 910 883C21C15-1. 14G, 145 910

2281131.1, 3, 42042-1

883D4 883 883D11 890 22200D444111425--3.1 883042-1 883 201163,1 890044-1, 2, 4 883 204 944D61-1, 2, 4 8440412-1 883 20424-1 944

944

20632-1. 20414-1, 2, 4 883

20421-1

883 9180415-1 ..0416-1, 2, 4 883

201156-1

0610-1, 2. 4 844201157-12H5221(18163.H. 8. 4H5. M2H5, M4H5

1152928

DD7161801-1-2. 6

01161-2, 6890

12111361

890 890883 .890D4117-1

02 9913321140-1. 3, 4301171-1. 3, 4 890

G3 956 301162-3Gd 944105505, 205. 3G5 7G5, 9G5 1074

303 Series

3321111515-2, 3

.936

G7G6 936 916

976 3H5 1152G7 Series920 3H10, 4H10, 5H10 Series 1082997 1546936 ...903

001131 540.44.

956

443:044619_3

.. 890G61-2 ...

95640110310- 1, 4

. 8830338 1944

440041116015.-37

.8900416-1, 5944 401161-7 ..890944 883

G417-10422-1

9360610-2. 3 4G640-1 .936936_,g3e0612-1936

40641-140645-1 . .936

936 4H5 ..1152G613-1G617-2

936 .873936

1016918

7043-100862108-411, 2. 3, 4. 6 70413 101161-2, 3 804 .883H1-14. H2 -1A 804H1-14, 1H1 -14,14H1. H2-14 1300

11111348044°6°9itt931/

944H3- i A. H4 -1A, 11-14-2A1479.883H12. 1812.. 888:K44182183 11

13861(10K15

930 Series.883

K19 1461

91)410 1. 883

89G40412-1

SCHEMATIC NO.

1209054, B12080681208074, B 110877711

120810

10251098112024778:A8

120847-B. 10251208564. 8 10561208574 B120926, 28

1056

120926, 928,957, 95812301327

ELECTROHOME (CANADA)

Chassis:C6 1268C8 1289C12 145e

1202111131

M4M6MIO

841Beaucourt8418740Chra4nncder,iloiri c i i

.854Safari. U8i1

EMERSON

C11hHa5ssis:

11442271

5K 1675-2- 3146014001454

339302 KMK 11276373 -32, 1686 4, 1687 2920 1362120642-42 Chrome Board 870

1122947731

F/28-12

872872

1112122770808827

872

112020772152

830830830

120732 AM/FM Tuner

12074312t)74°

880. 872

872872

120759120754

t129

11248

120760929

1(20 1351 CORONADO929

M20 1465. .944 Chassis:

1197-153

10291157

938946M24 1540

1273

11154;90

999000444111603- 111

121(18

...944

111120202020277782807701

M25 946

19H10 .. Model: 120781

120783

946N41-14TV2-71104 .N2 71124

120784

946-

1 : 11351187

4

5.

33;55

T.611 G04221021-

1 A

TV2-7310AAIRLINETV2-93684

11904135730

120785

112082°81(2

TH3-1A, TH4-1A, T2H4-1A, T3H4-1A,

120806

1199TV2-9398ATV2-9453A ..847

1188°060160211

TV2 -9454A .

1172&80237

T8H4- IAChassis.10118-254D

1174-184, 1174U-184, 1188-184 831TTTKKI 282

-IA12-124.24U, K20K240341iJ201(17-24Model:

909 TV2-95524TV2 25534

120839

TR2 11113F1130681 1452TR3 . . 1399 TV17-93864

112208734071294 GAI-1-130034 1489T3K3-14, T3K3-1131205 1489 7TvV2211--0984363744 1094

384

T3K4-14, T3K4-19GGAA:.-11-112-041-4084, 1499GAI-112344, BGAI-112534, El

1499T7H2-14. T9H1 -14

11428581

11547187

11432171 GAI-129148 1530

11111112220825482349:567941

T9K3-I A. IBT1OH1-14X

Tri151KK1100-14. , 15151326 DGA411.-11331133334C., DB

1524TT2228KH34-1

AX

. 1535 GGAAI--11734440254A. 13

Tm104041dK:1210,

T K 2 K 10

104 . 883GEN11160A

1013 2890

GEN-11269A

883GEN-11460A0EN-114614,0EN-11481A

111111111543225:39459202

883903

GEN-11469A

1311

1061-1104122 883

GEN-11760A

903GEN-11765A

928 DGEENN-.11769B

10611-1, 2. 3, 4

92811960410760-1

89010761-1 GEN-11961101160-5

890GEN-11965A

.. 956GEN-12069AGEN-12078A

101161 5

956 118310310-1 .

GEN-12349A10311-1

GEN-12440CGEN-12442AGEN-12448A

11111243116445652

GEN-12985A 1555GEN-13160AGEN-13168AGEN-13460A

113116145GEN-13469A

1111:65

GEN-13768B 1238GEN-17148AGEN-17158AGHJ - 1466A 978GHJ15664 978GHJ-17864 978

.918978

H10.872

GHJ3067A 1042GHJ-3367A 1042GHJ-45164 978GHJ-4546AGHJ 4556A 978

GHJ-8257AGG HH JJ "8214047884A

GHJ-14148A 1111212888

GHJ-14158AGHJ-14549AGHJ-14829A, GHJ -1484913,

11281223

GHJ-14859BGHJ - 17949A, 59A

12291189

GMW-1447A 1068GMW-1457A 1068GMW-14447A 1087GMW- 14457AGTC-16844

1087831

GTC- 16944 831GTC-26844 831OTC- 39144 847GTC - 3944A 847GTC 39644 847GTC-40154 909GTC-4415A 909GTC 4445A 909GTC -4455A 909GIC 49144 847

847OGTTCC-440T444 847WG 27854 888

CHANNEL MASTER

Chassis.T5o02112020775344T6001 Series 14161502

CUR118 MATHESChassis:TV -17, 17-1TV -19-1

1057937

DELCO

98Mo56d94el. Auto Radio 833

Chassis:40NT120699. 891

120708 876120712 876120722120725120780

891876962

1207831208044, 8

9621071

1111111111000331..2

103311090333333

120842184

120843.120846120848120852. 853, 85511220808891, 884, 890, 896

1212153

1212120895120904,911 1239

1112220089056212414: 56642133

:

1221- -

1;132882:35623

120969, 97012097413

Model:112109p 5761, 29 Pp50,

980, 981,982, 983,984 1313

9P5012HP02

12P50

100513751390

12P60 12P61 -W975

1280

COPYRIGHT 1974 BY ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN /DEALER 1 EAST FIRST STREET. DULUTH. MINNESOTA 55802


29P10 1248 M618 103035P01/35P02 1177 M638 1171

T2L2-1A 1451 M649 1101 Model: Model.T2R2-1A 1374 M685 1123 CM -250A, 51A, 52A 1512 1315 1320T8K3-113 1442 M687 1112 CS -165 1520 1316A-89 1286T10K10-1D, C 1336 N 1 1307 CS -197 1516T25H4- 1A 1446


HEATHFIRESTONE Model: Model:Chassis, AA -21 Stereo Amp 829 Chassis: NT -600 Radio 86712-129-94U 918 GR-53 839 TS -454 931 01054 1113

TS -458 1107 Chassis:GENERAL ELECTRIC HOFFMAN TS -460 Series 7089 N1052 935

TS -461 1047 N1200 932Chassis: Chassis: TS -465 1258 N1294 932AA 889 913-000366,386 1166 TS -467 1424 3CR40/41 1475AB 963 TS 584 05, -H 913 3CS45 1542AC 1164 TS -586 904 3CY80 1480AD 1148 KORTING TS -587 919 3cy91 1463AY 832 Model: TS -588 964 48117/48118 1500A-1 1191 M12233, 2243 Tape Recorder 865 TS -589 899 1507A-2 1370 MT34343/3633 Stereo Tape RecorderTS-592 1149 44713 1537BA 1447 Constellation 853 TS -594 1031 4CY90 1525C-1 1353 TS -596 957 14G20 855C -2/L-2 1376 TS -597 1021 14N30 871MAGNAVOXCB 953 TS -599 1298 14N50 862DA 861 Chassis: TS -611 1196 15G20 905DB _930 40 Series 849 TS -612A 1203 15J25 1007DC 990 43 Series 835 TS -613 1232 15J27 884DD 1075 45 Series 882 TS -908C-02 to D-02 924 15M91 898DI 1214 47 Series 1062 TS -912A 819 15N30 914D2 1345 48 Series 912 TS -914A-00 to A-07 951 15N50 921EN 1046 49 Series 901 TS -921 Series 1142 16J27 981.ETV IA 1265 T907 Series 981 TS -9240, C 1225 16JT26, A 96EFY 866 T908 Series 993 TS -929 1363 16N35 971G-1 1156 T910 eries 985 TS -930 Series 1260 16NT82 1017H-1 1173 T911 Series 1088 TS -931 1517 160785 1017H-2 1236 T914 Series 954 TS -934 1296 17C21, A, V, AV 1099H-3 1318 T915 Series 1181 TS -934 (Late prod 1366 17J25 1084H-4 1406 T916 Series 1140 TS -938 1395 17J27. 27A 1063HB 1011 T917 Series 1186 TS -938 (Additional Information) . 1419 17J28 1096HD/H4 1470 T919 Series 1012 TTS-587 919 17KT50 1017JA 1432 1920 Series 1103 VTS-587 919 17N35 1049KC 1037 T921 Series 1059 17NT45 1078KD 1141 T922 Series 1079 18C724 1305KE 1184 T923 Series 1076KE-II/EB 1474 T924 Series 1135 Chassis:hiUNTZ

18J32 115118L33 1130

L -T2 1417 T925 Series 1111 T68A14 . 940 18LT43 1137MA 1469 T927 Series 1158 T68A15 940 18NT45 1125MUA 1528 T928 Series 1311 168H28 947 1801135/18MT70 1118N1 1412 1932 Series 1200 19FT6OB 1277N-2 1357 1933 Series 1224 19HT15 1250P-1 1195 1934 Series 1283 OLYMPIC 19KT4OB 1242QB 1550 1935 Series 1285 19KT50/508 1207R-1 1485 1936 Series 1341 Model: 19L21 1233R-2 1435 1937 Series 1215 31'70 1430 19P22 1226R-2 (Late prod.) 1539 1938 1206 6P28, 6P29,6P30 992 190T85R 1197SA 911 T939 1271 9P44,45,46 1275 19S32 1235SB 939 1940 1254 9P54 1275 20HT70 1332SC 1018 T941 1344 9P94 Series 1379 2OHT71 1332S-2 1155 T942 1349 CT -910 1064 20L23 1264S-3 1393 T944 1259 91'56, 57, 58 1095 20P22 1299TA 881 T9441Late prod.) 1364 9P59, 60 1090 20P24 1267TB 1004 1945 1266 9P901/9P91 1245 200774 1358TC 1048 T946 1359 Chassis: 200T75 1372T-5 1257 T946 (Late prod.) 1384 CTC-19/21 Series 1077 20R27 1276T-6 1544 T947 1458 CTC 31 1231 20ST30AV 1422UB 1534 T948 1297 CTC-1940 1218 20532/A 1293U-1 1398 T949 CTC 400 1255 20133 1287U1/UAVB

1459 1950 11NDP 1013 20V35 1253

V-2 1263979 TT:21 1i'

1433

NEC 1365 21HT15 143421KT41 1367

W-1 1478 T956 1377 21L23A 1439PACKARD BELLYA 1556 1957 Series 21ST31V 14389SF1OHE

1464 19581959

9°72 Model: 21ST90, 91 13471511 1420 MSJ-202 1134 22LT45/R 1401

100A 1506 T960 1425 MSJ-204 1134 2210179 139612SE 15SE/S3 1473 1961 Series 1394 Chassis:160A 1536 T962 Series 877190A 1531 T963 1135-178 688--118C 941 QUASER ELECTRONICS25MB 1497 T966 Series970Model T968 144314'8 :1-1 1083 Chassis:7- 3000A, B Stereo Receiver 636 T969 Series 1467 98C17 ... 1131 1775-941. C19, E19. 19TS-941 1551

940A, B Radio 858 T974 1445 ATS, CTS, TS -942 156011P31, 33, T225A. 35A. 36A Radio 845 T979 1448

T979 (Late prod.) 14764987987

MGA PENNY, J. C.

PHILCO-FORD

GENERAL ELECTRIC (CANADA) T981, T982,1984 1509 AM ieieL 1508 Model.

Chassis' T984 Series 1514 CT -771 1402 Raytheon Two -Way Encoder/C12 .1456 1989 Series 1514 ETA -1 1481 Decoder

MOTOROLA:

PANASONICRAYTHEON CO.

SCHEMATIC NO.

RCA SALES CORP.Model:KR105/112,KRK112 with96209 866KRK105/KRK66 Series 856RFG35 Radio . 863RP -215-C1 Record Player 848Chassis:CTC16, X 885CTC17X 952CTC19 984CTC20 1032CTC 22 Series 1109CTC25 1040CTC27X Series 1261CTC28 Series 1136CTC31 Series 1144CTC35 Series 1132CTC38 Series 1237CTC39X4A 1319CTC40 1219CTC41 1314CTC43 1308CTC44 Series 1368CTC46 Series 1373CTC47 Series 1278CTC48 Series 1444CTC49 1342CTC50 Series 1381CTC51 52 1436CTC53 Series 1487CTC54 1440CTC55 Series 1378CTC59 Series 1408CTC60 Series 1466CTC62 1483KCS136M 1008KCS136N1L Series 1161KCS136X 879KCS142 834KCS142XA . 982KCS143F 906KCS144E 998KCS147A, B 786KCS148 927KCS149AA AB, AD 942KCS151A 917KCS152A 915KCS153 959KCS154A, B 948KCS155 966KCS156 1019KCS157 Series 1116KCS158 Series 1119KCS161 1022KCSI62 1028KCS163 Series 1065KCS164. 1050KCS165 Series 1104KCS168 Series 1175KCS169 Series 1192KCS169X Series 1306KCS171 Series 1198KCS172 Series 1385KCS173 Series 1180KCS174 Series . 1182KCS175 Series ... 1204KCS176 Series 1269KCS177 Series 1251KCS178 Series .1270KCS179 Series .1340KCS183 ................ 1331KCS184A ....... 1315KCS185 . 1339KCS186 . 1404KCS187 ..................... 1482KCS188 .1410KCS191 ......................... 1472RC -1216 Radio ................. 863RS -206 -A Record Changer

SETCHELL-CARLSONChassis:401 1066U809ILI810 1201

SILVERTONEModel.6122 ....... . .10396150 .............................995

895 6151 995

SCHEMATIC NO. SCHEMATIC NO. SCHEMATIC NO

6152 995 B05-1, 2, 3 973 V-2490 Series 10146154 995 B06-1.2 3 960 V-2496 Series 10236155 995 B06.1, 2 3 4 5 1108 V-2498 Series 10296156 995 B09.1, 2 1122 V-2528-3 Radio 8466157 995 610-1,2 1209 V-2652.2 10926164 1000 B10-7,12 1450 V-2655 2 3 4 7 8 13 10587110 1026 B10-14,17 1486 V-2652-1-2 11217111 1026 610-19 1529 V-2659 Series 11437114 1026 812-1,1 1247 V-2660 11627120 1038 813-1 1350 V-2664 Series 11577121 1038 814-1 1321 V-8001 12137122 1026 B15-1-2 14557128 1026 DOI -1, -2 925 ZENITH7131 1026 D01-1, -2, -8 10437151 1098 003, 3 967 Model.7152 1098 005 1024 40 Radio 8577154 1098 D06-1 .2 1091 Chassis:

7155 1098 D07-1,-2 1115 1Y211355 1139

7156 1098 008-2 1154 6K T50213 Radio 8577157 1098 009-1, -2. -4 1150 8V4B36 11457158 1098 D11-1, -2 1190 12A8C14 1302

81401,411,421 1167 D12-20, 21 1343 12A16, M, S, Z, MZ, SZ 1360Chassis: 013-2 1243 12A10C15 1272

456.61580 955 D14-3,4 1301 121314C50 1441

456 61581 955 015-1, 2 1333 12BC15, 12B9C16 1437456 70120 967 015-3, 5 1382 12CB12X 1414

456 70121 967 D16-2 1338 12CB12X, ZX 1559528.61580 955 017-1, 2

14134;3 I1M30 20

1325528.61581 955 D18.1, 2, 3967 D19-1, 2, 3 1388

528.70121 967 019-1013M15 923 1532 13X15

3Al2

1034

77

528 70120

528.70270, 71 1133 E01-1, 2, 11 12 1322 13X18 1086528.71120 1120 E02-1,2 1453 13V12 1176

528 71150 1138 E05 1484 13Y16, Z 1246

528.72280 1114 606-1 1521 13212,132)2S 1228

528.72281 1114 E06-2 1526 13Z13 1187

528.72282 1114 609.1.610-1 1557 14A9C29 1309

528 72500 1160 406-3 Stereo 859 14A9C50 1324

528 72940 1249 577 1 2 851 14A10C29 1308529.61580 955 584-1 thru 7 933 14836 1334

529.61581 955 585-1, 2, 4, 5 922 148382, 39Z 1355

529.70120 967 14CC14Z 1418529.70121 967 TRAV-LER 14DC15, 16 1449

562.10096 972 Chassis: 14L20 842564.10000 972 T9H1 -1 A 1533 14L25 836564.10003 972 14M20 893564.10000 988 TRUETONE 14M21 1054

564 10001 988 Model:14M23 87514M27 910564.10002 988 2DC1501A, B 894 14M32 934564.10003 988 2DC1605 983 14N22 1001564.10004 988 2DC1605 1079 14N26 955564.10005 988 20C1803 1110 14N27 1080

SONORA2DC36512DC2555

109497914N28 1010

Model. 2DC3712 107314N29 969

563P197 852 2DC3741 104114N29Z 1067

563P197 ............... 852 2DC3815 115614N31 986

S64K236M 989 2DC3818 112714X21 1039

S65P198 1060 2DC3819 116814Y21Z 116E

Chassis: 2DC3916 122214Y33 1163

1194-194. 869 2DC3918, 19 121014Z21, 14Z21Z 1257

2DC3921178

0 119314237 1216

2DC4815 14238,14Z43 124015M22 908

3912 122715Y6C15 117416EB12/16EB12X 150416EB12X, ZX 154816N24 1006

- - 986 1628C19 128417EC45/18EC45 148617FC35 1552

Model: 725 Tape Recorder 850 19CB36 140521TC1-C2 851 19CC19 139721LC3 851 WESTERN AUTO 19DC11 148821LC12-1 851 19DC20 1428Model:21LC14-1 851 19DC21 14714DC7260A Tape Recorder 84045P36 Stereo 859 19EC13 1522Chassis: WESTINGHOUSE 198812, 13 1543A02-1,2 999 19FC46 1562A04-1,2 1051 Model: 20VJ37

A06, A07A06-1, 2

1035 Chassis:1085 V-2444-1, 2, 3, 9, 10 ........ 837 23EC15 15;7

1234 H -883N29 Radio 846 22083623DC14

1126A04-311115031457

A09-1 1369 V2474-1, 2, 3, 6, 7 . .. ..875 23XC36 1027A10-1 1409 V-2475-1,4 ............. 887 24NC31 994Al2-1, 2 1513 V-2476-1 4 900 25CC55 138:,Al2-3, 4,5 1553 V2478-1, 2 907 25DC56 1493A16-1 1490 V2483.1 1053 25DC57 1462A16-2,3 1558 V-2495-11 961 25MC30 886A22-1 1563 V2486 Series 996 25MC36 926E104-1, 2 968 V-2487 Series 1002 408C50 1348

SONY

Model.KV-1500 1547KV-1722 1501KV 17309 1561KV-5000 1545

SYLVANIA

UNITED

Model:Contact 23 CB Transceiver

SCIENTIFIC LABS

VOICE OF MUSIC

COPYRIGHT 1974 BY ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 1 EAST FIRST STREET, DULUTH, MINNESOTA 55802

1559

,

r--- 1 r":1i D 1 I C IL-__1 L_J

..

INPUT SOO ONUS MINT 42,. 6:1:1 'T l'" 11,'

40e SPM/1 44... X.=_. T.t"4T

.,,iff71Ye ;VW ART. 1.110 LE

-4.---..01".1. .0. ARIL,..., ....., a.- r OWEISES.I2..2 . 2., ,,..: 123-433

.41.4%,..;..ru H.. O'.. ' ' , 352 tr....ik2 r 0 .0 0, moo 4.,.1 me. 61,04i

MINER

MIXER

-OUT

OSCILLATOR

.211

Jp

osc.

it f LAN VER INAS VVDCMR. -I

e._.4.44 ave..array 1.: fa eV! Mr'

,....,-

' ""

'

YMBOL DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION ZENITH PART NO.

C203 -A-50 electro cap 200v0-300 f electro cap 175vC -550 11f electro cap 175v 22-6322

R208 - 300n contrast control 63-8998R209 -20K volume control 63-10175R227 - 7M vert size control 63-8897R229 -1M vent hold control 63-8895R235- voltage dependent resistor 63-7447R236 -290K vert lin control 63-8894R238 -3K AGC control 63-8893R401 - 10K AGC delay control 63-8791L103 -47.25MHz trap coil 20-31001104-41.25MHz trap part of T102L202 - horiz hold S-898233T201- audio output xformer 95-3024T202 - vert output dormer 95-30061204- horiz sweep 'dormer, use with CR203 .... S-94248

horiz sweep 'dormer, use with 1X2C or 113X2 S-88066T602 - ratio detect winding assembly S-75699F201 - fuse 1.8a 3 AG pigtail 136-65

lee TRAMS1STORTUBER

24v

I 2 05..0-, 70101,41, t, -

Sr114

Ton u

if COIL

.01

I 1210-N503121- 505

I 1ST. I.F.

0100 IO22..

V.:

251.

340.4

BASE

COLLEC

courc,c

TRANSISTOR T VRE 5

PRPCOLLECTOR

0 MT TER

S

[RITTER

SKETCH 1"

.102.121- 504

-IQ.I

OR'n o, ;lit -;,7- 121-506

Lg."

;NO.

I.F.

TonAMLAvt-

;11

140,

.0CU I

EMITTER

MOUNTED ON TUNER

0 4011?1- 699 OR 121-865

A.G C.DELAY

24y

IPART In 1- BIM..407 PANEL .52.40,

TO 4SOV BOOST

4 3 4 5

O v202 v204

°Ant. 1420,

I

I 'L

240

V20341/2 17J28VERTICAL OSC.

8242

is

0402121- 671 OR121-863A.G.C.OUTPUT

.o, ;Tr

V2038I/2 17.1Z8VERTICAL OUTPUT

CISr.Pr

TvvOLOK CORI

SA3E

NON

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Co

CRITTER

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,ru .4-32

EIMITTE

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COL LIM* ir EMIT . ER

I- InstS4E ICH *D"

0103121-522OR 121- 5263 RD. I.F.

01V.00 210,

I OMON

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0403121-446 OR121 -A.G C. GATE

c.,n, LICA

You

0404121-434

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A.G

car

C11..r. v

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1,-

232CUR 053

1110VAC

1

+2.

ELECTRONIC 7 rCOMPLETE MANUFACTURERS' CIRCUIT DIAGRAMSAND TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR 4 NEW SETS

ER.TTER2.11211

COLL I C1OR

'-saIELD II CASESAE TC14

\cp.."(

24.1,14,..

.32

COLLECTOR

SKETCH '5'

F--0601

.7,, :

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I .

1-:

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se

01 LEC 201.

EMITTER

SKET

0602121- 4 5 3SOUNDLIMITER

oo,(41

NCO2.0

-SAIL

50.0 WC r.lt 4552.,

1402

0405121- 447NOISE BIASTRANSISTOR

.2121414

042

12

1N1,

V20441/2 6LN8NORIZ.CONTROL

40,

CBS(+150V

toy

COY

0406121-600 OR 121-862

01 VIDEO DRIVER

1J 0

O

1.1!

V20481/2 6LN8HORIZ. OSC.

BOOST

V205AI/O 38246 7 OR1/2 38HE 7H011170NTAOUTPUT

C205C4130V

FIN.Atc Ton

EMITTER

east -

ZENITHTV Chassis12CB12X,ZX

DECEMBER 1974

:OLrt_r_or

RASE

-e 3t EMT..SKETC. .11 S4E 'Cm 1,"

-[BITTER

COLL ECM.

SOLE TCH L SRETCN

0603121- 434

DRIVER spi 7r.SOUND

MGR THE 35.222

0201121-743 OR I21-777VIDEO OUTPUT

F--;..,,,1,. ..... -1212

1.425,

1 I' Rr. 205IV1,00

I IXtC

11 V "'RECT.! _

OR 1/2 18HE 7$2 ...I DAMPER

12

I =WI T,:j 1!212HOI 0

--i-C""' nitt

V20 V202, Na ".../S4 i/S,Loysti=_ 70,.." 7,,;, 1701.-- 0-0 -4.25

' - - - -

--.'--...1L-11L--:2.".,..11-111---''"

1

I 00-( ITEM

120XCAMIC - Or. gi.

'i

'" 'r. %VW' / r. 20J , 4 r-. .__.__ 4 _...__..__,Lb

L.-,, ..7__,__ _

..:-204.1_,.:2ORTRRLI74,

2.2......

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1--I ..-..t '2,T. C30204 .°, I

:20 -^Cf...r. T -.

--I_

-- tsar. JAC240'. -C.2. 1.0

. I WWI .2.,...1 I I ia

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/,- _ SOW T,'-'--!

---,Z7115 ONE- - - - ' - ---1 . Cd"WIDE11 44, KC I 143.6":02

M.." IT

12 1 012 2 X 0,0 .7--------,--_ , .,11.

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up1.ar.111100

IeitC5 2034.1I

V20112F55SOUNDOUTPUT

213,

TIP'LW I TOC203C

cOLLICTOR

170r

itio11.22. me ,ospor

4) TZ,

'."'"i°,11.'01.tz?',"''1-

it1 ____r____rf-2-74-1.' ,,J1

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11

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V20581/2 381167

VOI POINTS

ILL 0,01.12012TICTOS 0111201/2

C v10.0 A As.COLD , COLLECTroov1020 PANT

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NOTES

SuRE EV IRO., CHASSIS TO POINTS

ALL ,OLTAGES Mt 0 c waLCSS 02r12114031 sPECIFIE03 ALL yOLTNIE NESuRE RENTS TO SE MADE wiTN NO

TWMAISICHAIL.E, SENT 11TH CHANNEL scL2cTon SET TO

4

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SI5 P NoCATES2 2016 TOL (RAKE MAY RE 0510 Al L RE 31310145 IN 1 P Cilltua 6 SOUND ASS2111111L1

114 RATT 12112 SS 011121112S1 SPIC,201.[SiST4RCE NEASuRIWENTS SHOWN IN COILSO.SCONNECTID 111031 CINCUITCOIL KS.STANCt NOT S. CRIED Ant uNDER ONE ORM.ALL CAPACITY vALutS IN 411C110,421AD5 ONLT S3 OTHER -RISE SPEW MD

00 ION CAPACITY TOLERANCES. HE LEGEND ON SKEET 210 motors ON POT, WOW TE RS ROCATE CLOCKWISE

ROTAT100L.1 MRS. IIEGARER,Z- NEG2C,CL ..)ERWiCIOC.2.04.

13 41 INDICATES CNASs.s 510050IA 0- INDICATES VOLTAGE SOURCE

5 0-4. INENCAES ALIGNMENT OP REST Mire

IS O INDICATES Mb/PEONYIT TURN POWER OKE SIFORE REPLAGRAG SERNAIROUCTORS

COPYRIGHT 1974 BY ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 1 EAST FIRST STREET. DULUTH. MINNESOTA 55802

1560IA

SONYColor TV ModelKV-1730R

0

160060 1000,11

4 CIVp Mot,

006 IN

L200

0

6 OVo-o 11400,21

ELECTRONIC 1-7 ry-W=EfiTECHNICIANMEALEFI

DECEMBER 1974COMPLETE MANUFACTURERS' CIRCUIT DIAGRAMSAND TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR 4 NEW SETS

0

77'(i)

vp i. v1c ,vox 46000 Verl

La13 Lb13 103

10120 0,11.0./F,,1612 LC ,2 NOVO

La11 0 o-,1f,o-'TOLD II Lo ll Oar,.

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La 90 0-,T,o,T,OLO 9 Lc 9 o -To o

Lobo O-ft...,0,oL0 6 Lc 6 0

La 70 0-13,..0,61.0L07 Lc 7 0,0,-oC234 43o

Lobo o --*1106 R234 Lc 6

L." flgl'-'1-1.58233 Lc 5

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12

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La 11 0,7,0

10 10 0,17,0

10 9 0-13,-0

1.0 8 o-,110-0

Lo 7 0-11-0

Lo 6 0-,0,0

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lo 3 0-1no

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COPYRIGHT 1974 BY ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN DEALER 1 EAST FIRST STREET, DULUTH. MINNESOTA 55802

to P board

(2,3

VHF TORCH01- 700901

cap.M=-D

1111R111

11111NM T ER MOOT 2420

m"a-rimowsto

F

cam rv.IL

to UHF channelselector, 8T90

WHT

to SC board

0® RED

\ to W board

to Dboard ®®io

to P board

to P board to P board

(24 BRN RED

BAA

Ulf

00-902

2SCO211

MAO. artt I

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GRN

GRN

to neon lampNL902

SCEOr CX-003

30004PM

to chassis

RED

sr.Soo Ilia etaKO SO, Una

1.9

to SC board

BLK

WHT/BRN

to RU board

NMIn>110

oss1,210.67

to SC boardto UHFtuner to antenna

terminal

to ET board

111-011kii1/11126

lalalalaJo

XEL

BRN

to RU board 0

040../L!334

rej,tm.223 taf1514GPO

r ITO

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fin

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0404 250033A t

SONYColor TV ModelKV-1730R

SYMBOL DESCRIPTION SONY PART NO.

L604 - coil, horiz centering 1-459-056-00L903 -deflect yoke 1-451-069631304 - xformer. burst amp 1-405-372-001501 -xformer, vertical osc 1-435-008-00T502 - xformer, horiz drive 1-437-028-00T602 - xformer, horiz output . .4444.. 4444 1-439-078-00T801 - xformer assembly, flyback 1-439-120-131901 - xformer, sound output 1-427-307-00T902 - xformer, power 1-442-020-00VR902 -20 -k -B, vertical 1-222-388-00VR903 - 1 k -B, picture 1-222-383-00VR904 -5010) volume 1-224-124-00VR905- 500-B color . 4 1-222-386-00VR906 -3 k -U hue 1-222387-00VR951 -2.2 k -B UHF AGC 1.222.785-00VR1101 -22 k -B SS AGC 1-222-786-00C8901 - circuit breaker 1-515-144-31F601 --fuse 5a 1-532-214-00

0402 214131.4

irk

MOI

GO

el .

Oar 230077 0162 200291

ea. 1.53 Ft

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NO.

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112/

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RO01.02 00-4C

-0 -

COPYRIGHT 1974 BY ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 1 EAST FIRST STREET. DULUTH. MINNESOTA 55802

1561ZENITHColor TV Chassis19FC46

DECEMBER 1974

TTorr. 5 4-)ii/:?:FE r "

)U4T.0.100-11

LOK Pot,* A.G C

Ur

v/IFVTPut

L200

ELECTRONIC -TV=LFTECHNICIAN /DEALER /

COMPLETE MANUFACTURERS' CIRCUIT DIAGRAMSAND TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR 4 NEW SETS

r,50, 190Ai.FLL RESISTORS ARE ir4WATT

UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 0101121-5030R 121-501

I 1ST. 1, F.

L.CA

aYli010

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1.01

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121-970 1

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CRITICAL SAFETY RAPT C212100 //wr TEKT7 TOCIPIATI

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0202121- 651MOR1Z. OUTPUT

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1.301

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WHEN SERVICING THIS c0Ass.k000En NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD THE ORIGINAL PISMO SE MODIFIED ALL COMPON1015SHOULD BE REPLACED ONLY WITH TYPES IDENTICAL TO THOSE IN THE ORIGINAL CIRCUIT. IN SOME INSTANCES 010u0-DANT CIRCUITRY 5 INCORPORATED FOR ADDITIONAL CIRCUIT PROTECT/0N AND 0-RAEHATION SAFETY. SPECIAL COMPO-NENTS ARE ALSO USIA TO PREvENT SHOCK APO FIRE HAZARDTHESE CRITICAL COMPONENTS ARE SHADED ONTHE UK/001C AND PARTS LIST FOR EAST IDENTIFICATION.

CAUTION: THIS CIRCUIT DIAGRAM SAT OCCASIONALLY DIFFER FROM THE ACTUAL CIRCUIT USED

THIS WAY IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LATEST SAFETY AND PERFORMANCE /0/0.0vE.E.TCHANGES NATO THE SETS IS NOT DELAYED UNTIL THE KW SERVICE LITERATUREIS PRINTED..

A

B

C

COPYRIGHT 1974 BY ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 1 EAST FIRST STREET. DULUTH, MINNESOTA 55802

A

B

C

D

E

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VOLUME LIMITER CONTROL

/ !% &sr.

929.210.1n 12 WS WOW, W9 1.12

gat 0502.1;-II-

C,,50 ?2.41"".

9-103 MODULE AUDIO- -

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uz

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0100

103

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CONTROL ASS',

0901121-433

VERT. BLKR

.17

0903121-699

IL ANKING6,DRIVER ,44

0905 0000.1130-

LUMILKI.121- 699

0902 121-695,

BRIGHTNESS LIMITER

SYMBOL DESCRIPTION ZENITH PART NO.

C213 - 3.5,f electro cap 440v .22-7126-01C2148 -40011f electro cap 150v 22-7309C214C - 500 y1 electro cap 35vC214D- 80uf electro cap 250vL204 - horiz hold coil S-56875T200 -line choke 95-2964T201 - voltage reg 'former 95-3172T202 - filterchoke 96-2825-02T206 -Dora output 'dormer S 9473 02T1101 -quad xformer 95-2769T1102 -4.5MHz input coil 95-2620F200- fuse 136-87

220

1340

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A050w5 ON pOrENTIOATETER INCICATE CLOCKWISE 0011705

0- INDICATES ALIGNMENT A50 TEST POINT.

PFD PiCOTMPAO 001 MEGANERT 2 Am. IMCRO SSSSS

r INDICATES 20% NM IC 0510. INDICATES VOLTAIII SOURCE.

OW INDICATES WAVEFORMS CIOCK POINTS MEE CHART vil0fLICIRM1E ASUR(D FROM POINT INDICATED TO CHASSIS GROUND/

400 INDICATE ATAvETORM 15(1 CHART/ TOKIO. MEASURED ACROSSPOINTS INDICATED (NOT TO CHASSIS GROUNOI 01C11.1.01C01.2350010 NOT OE CAOLINDED 70 CHASSIS 1,110113000 LEADSREVERSES VIAMEFORM

tINDICATES CHASSIS GROUND

CHROMATIC SWITCH 10110:0 POSITIONIND CATES PM NURSER ON 155:4A.E BOARD

COPYRIGHT 1974 BY ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN 'DEALER 1 EAST FIRST STREET. DULUTH. MINNESOTA 55802

1562SYLVANIATV ChassisA22-1

O

ELECTRONIC 1-7TECHNICIAN/DEALER

DECEMBER 1974COMPLETE MANUFACTURERS' CIRCUIT DIAGRAMSAND TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR 4 NEW SETS

11111111111.11111

O 2 VPPVert. CD

50 VPPVert.

imemmil0111CD

10 VPP 0 2 VPPHoriz. Vert. O 3.5 VPP

Vert. O 55 VPPVert. O 55 VPP

Horiz.

.7 VPP .7 VPP 9 VPP 0 32 VPP 28 VPP 0 28 VPP 0 2 VPP 28 VPP15 28 VPP 0 20 VPP18 6 VPPCD

8 VPPVert. Vert. Vert. Vert. 12 Vert. Vert. Vert. Vert. Horiz. Horiz. Horiz. Horiz.

10130 VOLTAGE C9AR T

PIN NO. I 2 3 1 5 6 7 6 9 10 II 12 13 14

IC CHIPINSERTED

+1.9VI11 901

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PLC

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COPYRIGHT 1974 BY ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN/DEALER 1 EAST FIRST STREET, DULUTH. MINNESOTA 55802

110,;'0'11L..4

(D180 VPPHoriz.

8.5 VPPHoriz.

Depends onamount ofcouplingHoriz.

3.5 VPPVert.

.2 VPPVert.

20 VPPVert.

8 VPPVert.

Jim is one of the busiest antenna installers in Pennsylvania.He does work for 17 major appliance dealers. But the bulkof his antenna sales come from his own advertising, yellow pagelistings and word-of-mouth recommendations fromsatisfied customers. JERROLD

Ela GENERAL INSTRUMENT company

Jim doesn't try to be the cheapest - only the best.He stresses quality of workmanship plus quality of materials.With this philosophy and a lot of hard work, Action Sales has doubledsales volume each of the four years since Jim started the business.

"My reputation means everything to me," says Jim. "That's whyI'm so delighted with the performance and durability of the JerroldSuper VU -Finder line. My customers aren't much interested inthe technical specifications. But, they do want excellent colorquality without interference and no problems from their antenna.And that's what Super VU -Finder delivers. -

For more information on the Super VU -Finder line,contact your local Jerrold Distrubutor or ...

JERROLD ELECTRONICS CORPORATICNDistributor Sales DivisionP.O. Box 350200 Witmer Road, Horsham, Pa. 19044

THE JERROLD

SUPERVU -FINDER

IS T FINESTor-,ANTENNA MI/

EVER BUILT! fv/i

SAYS JIM WELLENERACTION SALES

FEASTERVILLE, PA.

":"..;/

004

©1974 Jerrold Electronics. Inc


The reader that canstayon, and on, andon.The 603.The price of the Model 603V -O -M is on:y $173.

The one V -O -M you can forget aboutforgetting to turn off. The incredibleModel 603 FET V -O -M withexclusive Triplett Micro-PowerTMdraws only 10 uA, can stay onindefinitely without impairing per-formance. Ideal wherever frequenttest changes, interruptions, distrac-tions-or gremlins-keep your V -O -Mworking when you're not.

Truly outstanding features:1. Exclusive Triplett Micro -

Power (TMPTM) providesbattery life in excess of a yearfor carbon batteries with unitleft on continuously 24 -hoursa day.

2. Low -Power Ohms (LP!Tm)-6ranges with 70 mV powersource for in -circuit measure-ments without damage tocomponents.

3. FET V -O -M with PatentedAuto-Polarity-convenientand time -saving, always readsup scale.

Accurately measures electric andelectronic circuits on productionlines, in quality testing, during main-tenance, in service shops and oncalls, in the laboratory or classroom,in the field.

One range selector switch operatesthe unit. One probe handles allfunctions-AC, DC, MA, Ohms-anda simplified scale utilizes only 4 arcsfor all 44 ranges. The Low PowerOhm circuit permits fast circuitmeasurements without biasing semi-conductor device junctions. The

Model 603 also has a unique,Patented Auto -Polarity circuit: pusha button, measure either plus or minusvoltages without switching leads.Make very fast voltage checks wherepolarity is known or doesn't matter.

For more information or a freedemonstration, call your Triplettdistributor or sales representative.

For the name of the representativenearest you, dial toll free (800) 45-9200. New York State, call collect(516) 294-0990. Triplett Corporation,Bluffton, Ohio 45817.

TRIPLETTALL YOU'LL EVER NEED IN V -O -M s

Triplett. The easy readers.. . . for more details circle 126 on Reader Service Card

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