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Electron Transport Chain
(Respiratory Chain)- exercise -Vladimíra Kvasnicová
Respiratory chain (RCH)
a) is found in all cells
b) is located in a mitochondrion
c) includes enzymes integrated in the inner mitochondrial membrane
d) produces reducing equivalents (NADH+H+, FADH2)
Respiratory chain (RCH)
a) is found in all cells
b) is located in a mitochondrion
c) includes enzymes integrated in the inner mitochondrial membrane
d) produces reducing equivalents (NADH+H+, FADH2)
The figure is found at http://plaza.ufl.edu/tmullins/BCH3023/cell%20respiration.html (December 2006)
Respiratory chain (RCH)
a) belongs among oxidative pathways
b) can proceed under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions
c) is a reversible pathway
d) needs oxygen (O2) for its function
Respiratory chain (RCH)
a) belongs among oxidative pathways
b) can proceed under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions
c) is a reversible pathway
d) needs oxygen (O2) for its function
The figure is found at
http://www.grossmont.net/cmilgrim/Bio220/Outline/ECB2Figures&Tables_Ed2-Ed1/Chapter14_13/REDOX_POTENTIALS_ElectronTransportChain_Fig14-21.htm
(December 2006)
Gibbs energy
„G“
Redox potential
„E“
reducing properties
oxidizing properties
The figure is found at http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/mito_ox.htm (December 2006)
Enzymes of the RCH
a) belongs among oxidoreductases
b) can transfer either H or electrons
c) are called Complex I, II, III and IV
d) transfer protons and electrons in the same direction
Enzymes of the RCH
a) belongs among oxidoreductases
b) can transfer either H or electrons
c) are called Complex I, II, III and IV
d) transfer protones and electrones in the same direction
The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley‑Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0‑471‑15451‑2
proton= H+
electron
= e-
Cytochrome c is drawn wrongly!
It is found in
the intermembra
ne space, bound to the
inner mitochondrial membrane
The function of the RCH
a) is to regenerate NAD+ from NADH
b) is to regenerate NADP+ from NADPH
c) is to regenerate FAD from FADH2
d) is to finish oxidation of energy substrates and conserve their energy in a form of ATP
The function of the RCH
a) is to regenerate NAD+ from NADH
b) is to regenerate NADP+ from NADPH
c) is to regenerate FAD from FADH2
d) is to finish oxidation of energy substrates and conserve their energy in a form of ATP
In reactions of the RCH
a) oxygen is reduced to H2O
b) protons (H+) are transfered into an intermembrane space
c) ATP is produced by the Complex I
d) all reduced coenzymes (NADH+H+ and FADH2) are reoxidized by the same mechanism
In reactions of the RCH
a) oxygen is reduced to H2O
b) protons (H+) are transfered into an intermembrane space
c) ATP is produced by the Complex I
d) all reduced coenzymes (NADH+H+ and FADH2) are reoxidized by the same mechanism
The figure is found at http://www.cellml.org/examples/images/metabolic_models/the_electron_transport_chain.gif (December 2006)
Choose correct statement
a) Complex I transfers H+ into an intermembrane space
b) Complex II transfers H+ into an intermembrane space
c) Coenzyme Q accepts e- from both Complex I and Complex II
d) Complex IV transfers electrones to oxygen
Choose correct statement
a) Complex I transfers H+ into an intermembrane space
b) Complex II transfers H+ into an intermembrane space
c) Coenzyme Q accepts e- from both Complex I and Complex II
d) Complex IV transfers electrones to oxygen
The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley‑Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0‑471‑15451‑2
proton= H+
electron
= e-
Cytochrome c is drawn wrongly!
It is found in
the intermembra
ne space, bound to the
inner mitochondrial membrane
Citrate cycle (CC) and the RCH are interconnected
a) by CO2 (produced by CC, used by RCH)
b) by NADH (produced by CC, used by RCH)
c) an enzyme succinate dehydrogenase
d) ATP (produced by RCH, used by CC)
Citrate cycle (CC) and the RCH are interconnected
a) by CO2 (produced by CC, used by RCH)
b) by NADH (produced by CC, used by RCH)
c) an enzyme succinate dehydrogenase
d) ATP (produced by RCH, used by CC)
The figure is found at http://www.cellml.org/examples/images/metabolic_models/the_electron_transport_chain.gif (December 2006)
Citrate cycle
succinate DH
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
a) can be produced only in a cooperation with the RCH
b) can be synthesized only under aerobic conditions
c) is formed from ADP by addition of one phosphate
d) is transported from a mitochondrion into a cytoplasm by exchange with ADP
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
a) can be produced only in a cooperation with the RCH
b) can be synthesized only under aerobic conditions
c) is formed from ADP by addition of one phosphate
d) is transported from a mitochondrion into a cytoplasm by exchange with ADP
ATP-ADP translocase
The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley‑Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0‑471‑15451‑2
When the term is used it always means „ATP synthesis“
a) phosphorylation
b) oxidative phosphorylation
c) aerobic phosphorylation
d) substrate level phosphorylation
When the term is used it always means „ATP synthesis“
a) phosphorylation
b) oxidative phosphorylation
c) aerobic phosphorylation
d) substrate level phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation
a) needs proton gradient on the inner mitochondrial membrane
b) is catalyzed by ATP synthase
c) can be interrupted by uncoupling proteins (UCP)
d) means ATP synthesis in any oxidative metabolic pathway
Oxidative phosphorylation
a) needs proton gradient on the inner mitochondrial membrane
b) is catalyzed by ATP synthase
c) can be interrupted by uncoupling proteins (UCP)
d) means ATP synthesis in any oxidative metabolic pathway
The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley‑Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0‑471‑15451‑2
The figure is found at http://plaza.ufl.edu/tmullins/BCH3023/cell%20respiration.html (December 2006)
ATP synthase
inner mitochondrial membrane
The figure is found at http://departments.oxy.edu/biology/Franck/Bio222/Lectures/March23_lecture_shuttles.htm (December 2006)
Uncoupling proteins
(UCP)
= separate RCH from
ATP synthesis
(the synthesis is interrupted)
energy from H+ gradient is
released as a heat
ATP can be formed by the reactions
a) glucose-6-P + ADP → glucose + ATP
b) succinyl~CoA + GDP → succinate + GTP
c) GTP + ADP → GDP + ATP
d) ADP + ADP → ATP + AMP
ATP can be formed by the reactions
a) glucose-6-P + ADP → glucose + ATP
b) succinyl~CoA + GDP → succinate + GTP
c) GTP + ADP → GDP + ATP
d) ADP + ADP → ATP + AMP(adenylate kinase = myokinase)
Oxidation of NADH+H+ in the RCH produces more ATP than oxidation
of FADH2 because
a) higher proton gradien is made by oxidation of NADH+H+
b) NADH+H+ transfers H to different Complex of the RCH than FADH2
c) more protons are transported to the intermembrane space if NADH+H+ is oxidized
d) more e- are transfered from NADH+H+ to O2
Oxidation of NADH+H+ in the RCH produces more ATP than oxidation
of FADH2 because
a) higher proton gradien is made by oxidation of NADH+H+
b) NADH+H+ transfers H to different Complex of the RCH than FADH2
c) more protons are transported to the intermembrane space if NADH+H+ is oxidized
d) more e- are transfered from NADH+H+ to O2
The figure is found at http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/oxidative-phosphorylation.html (December 2006)
FADH2
Choose correct statement(s) about regulation of RCH and ATP
synthesis
a) O2 decreases the pathways
b) uncoupling proteins increases ATP synthesis
c) ADP increses ATP synthesis
d) NADH+H+/NAD+ increases the pathways
Choose correct statement(s) about regulation of RCH and ATP
synthesis
a) O2 decreases the pathways
b) uncoupling proteins increases ATP synthesis
c) ADP increses ATP synthesis
d) NADH+H+/NAD+ increases the pathways
