An electric motor is a machine that uses electric energy to produce motion. Electric motors operate a variety of devices: from vacuum cleaners in the home, to windshield wipers in the automobile, to conveyor belts in the factory,

All electric motors that produce rotation, work in essentially the same way as a direct current series motor, which is commonly used to drive electric railroad cars.

Current flows through wire to a block and graphite called a brush; the brush transmits current to the commutator which consists of two or more semi-circular split rings.

The commutator is connected to a large coil lof wire called the armature INTO the output shaft, current flows from the commutator through the armature, then back to the commutator.

current then flows to another brUSh to one or more electromagnets, each maDE UP wire coil wrapped around a piece of iron. This flow of current through the magnet coil produces a field magnetism, the field haS A North Pole and a south pole as shown in a simplified picture.

The current in the armature, one-loop which is shown, interacts with the magnetic field in the coil producing motion; The direction of this motion depends upon the directions on the field and the current thE split ring at the commutator interacts with the brush to keep the armature current flowing in the same direction, relative to the field WHILE the loop in the output shaft continueS to rotate in the same direction.