Electric Energy Systems - Electrical and Computer …people.ece.umn.edu/groups/power/faculty_workshops/feb09_napa/... · Electric Energy Systems ... ©Copyright Ned Mohan 2009 8 Electric

1©Copyright Ned Mohan 2009ONR-NSFEPRI-AEP Sponsored Workshop

Napa, CA 12-15, 2009

Curriculum Reform inElectric Energy Systems

With Emphasis on- Renewables/Storage- Reliable Delivery- Efficient End-Use

AL AS KA ENE RG Y AU TH.S O LDO TN A-40/+70 M var115kV

AL AS KA ENERG Y AU TH.DAVES CRE EK-10/+25 M var11 5kV

W AP A

W AP AFARG O -45/+22 M var14kV

M AINE E L. P OW E RCHE S TE R -140/+425 M var345kV

NIAG AR A M OHAW KLE EDS -300/+270 M var345kV

JER SEY CEN TRALATL AN TIC C ITY -130/+26 0 M va r230kV

CO NECTIVCARDIFF -100/+150 M var230kV

C ONECTIVINDIAN R IV E R -1 00/+20 0 M var2 30kV

C ONECTIVN ELSON -1 00/+15 0 M var1 38kV

AM . E L. POW E RBE AVER CREE K -125/+125 M var138kV

V IRGIN IA PO W E R COLINGTO N -30 /+78 M var11 5kV

VE LCO E ssex S TATCO M

G eorgia P ow erNorth Dub lin

K ANSAS GAS & EL. G OR DO N EV ANS 0 /+300 M var1 38kV

KANSAS G AS & EL. MU RRAY G ILL 25 /+200 M var138kV

L ANL LO S ALAM O S -50 /+100 Mvar115kV

LADW PAdelanto

BO NNEV ILLE P O WE R M AP LE V ALL EY -300/+300 M var230kV

SDG &ETale ga STATCO M

BO NNEV ILLE P O WE R KEELE R -300/+300 M var230kV

AE P W estEagle Pass S TATC OMBack-to-Back2 x +/-36 M VA

Austin E nergyHolly S TAT COM+/-95 M VAr

P G&EP otrero-100/+240230 kV

NY S EGFraser-300/+325 (Upgrade)34 5kV

PG &E New ark-100/+240 Mvar230kV

NS PFORBES -110 /+150 M var (Cont.)-615 /+460 M V Ar (10 S ec.) 500kV

LADW PMarketplace

Tri-State G&TClapham Retrofit

Northeast U tilitiesGlenbrookS TATCOM

XC ELLake Y ankton

RO LE O F FA CT S Ro le of FAC TS – SVC & STATC O M

Solar

F lyw heels for S torageFuel C ells

R ole of Pow er E lectronics

H ybridH ybrid

W ind

CFL

AL AS KA ENE RG Y AU TH.S O LDO TN A-40/+70 M var115kV

AL AS KA ENERG Y AU TH.DAVES CRE EK-10/+25 M var11 5kV

W AP A

W AP AFARG O -45/+22 M var14kV

M AINE E L. P OW E RCHE S TE R -140/+425 M var345kV

NIAG AR A M OHAW KLE EDS -300/+270 M var345kV

JER SEY CEN TRALATL AN TIC C ITY -130/+26 0 M va r230kV

CO NECTIVCARDIFF -100/+150 M var230kV

C ONECTIVINDIAN R IV E R -1 00/+20 0 M var2 30kV

C ONECTIVN ELSON -1 00/+15 0 M var1 38kV

AM . E L. POW E RBE AVER CREE K -125/+125 M var138kV

V IRGIN IA PO W E R COLINGTO N -30 /+78 M var11 5kV

VE LCO E ssex S TATCO M

G eorgia P ow erNorth Dub lin

K ANSAS GAS & EL. G OR DO N EV ANS 0 /+300 M var1 38kV

KANSAS G AS & EL. MU RRAY G ILL 25 /+200 M var138kV

L ANL LO S ALAM O S -50 /+100 Mvar115kV

LADW PAdelanto

BO NNEV ILLE P O WE R M AP LE V ALL EY -300/+300 M var230kV

SDG &ETale ga STATCO M

BO NNEV ILLE P O WE R KEELE R -300/+300 M var230kV

AE P W estEagle Pass S TATC OMBack-to-Back2 x +/-36 M VA

Austin E nergyHolly S TAT COM+/-95 M VAr

P G&EP otrero-100/+240230 kV

NY S EGFraser-300/+325 (Upgrade)34 5kV

PG &E New ark-100/+240 Mvar230kV

NS PFORBES -110 /+150 M var (Cont.)-615 /+460 M V Ar (10 S ec.) 500kV

LADW PMarketplace


Northeast U tilitiesGlenbrookS TATCOM

XC ELLake Y ankton

RO LE O F FA CT S Ro le of FAC TS – SVC & STATC O M

Solar

F lyw heels for S torageFuel C ells

R ole of Pow er E lectronics

H ybridH ybrid

W ind

CFL

2©Copyright Ned Mohan 2009

Group Effort:Ned Mohan Bill RobbinsBruce WollenbergPaul ImbertsonTom PosberghDr. Narain G. Hingorani (Consultant)Ron Fitch (Distance Learning)Heather Dorr and Josette Barsness (Organization)Students

www.ece.umn.edu/groups/power


Past Sponsors:Lab Development Grants:

• NSF• NASA• ONR

Initial Dissemination Grant:

Center for Electric EnergyHistory

Established in 1981 by Prof. Vern AlbertsonPresent Director - Prof. Bruce WollenbergSupported by 7 Regional UtilitiesBudget: ~178 k$/year


Present ONR Dissemination Grant:Program Officer: Terry Ericsen

(1.23 Million Dollars over 5 years)

Supported by:1. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)

Clark Gellings: VP-TechnologyRosa Yang: VP-Innovation35 k$ Honorarium to 35 Faculty/yr

2. American Electric Power (AEP): Ray Hayes20 k$/yr to 10 Universities

3. NSFDagmar Niebur 10 k$/yr


Perspectives on Need for Curricular Reform

Terry Ericsen - ONRNSF – Barbara Kenny EPRI – Clark GellingsAEP – Ray Hayes


Outline:CrisisOpportunitiesApproachResultsWorkshop Agenda


Energy Crisis and Climate Change700 B$/yr

Production and Consumption


Electric Power as a Percentage


Workforce Crisis:BPA Workforce:

2,944 employeesMedian age is 5021% eligible to retire by 12/0742% eligible to retire by 12/11

Data Source: HRMIS as of 2/9/06

BPA Employee Age (as of 3/9/06)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 >67

Age

Num

ber o

f Em

ploy

ees

Source: HRM IS Date Accessed : 3/23/06

Source: Clark Gellings, EPRI


Courses have not kept pace with Industrial Practices

ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.SOLDOTNA-40/+70 M var115kV

ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.DAVES CREEK-10/+25 M var115kV

W APA

W APAFARGO -45/+22 Mvar14kV

MAINE EL. POW ERCHESTER -140/+425 M var345kV

NIAGARA M OHAW KLEEDS -300/+270 M var345kV

JERSEY CENTRALATLANTIC CITY -130/+260 M var230kV

CONECTIVCARDIFF -100/+150 M var230kV

CONECTIVINDIAN R IVER -100/+200 M var230kV

CONECTIVNELSO N -100/+150 M var138kV

AM . EL. POW ERBEAVER CREEK -125/+125 Mvar138kV

VIRGINIA POW ER COLINGTON -30 /+78 M var115kV

VELCO Essex STATCO M

Georgia Pow erNorth Dublin

KANSAS GAS & EL. GORDON EVANS 0/+300 M var138kV

KANSAS G AS & EL. MURRAY GILL 25/+200 M var138kV

LANL LOS ALAM OS -50/+100 M var115kV

LADW PAdelanto

BONNEVILLE POW ER M APLE VALLEY -300/+300 M var230kV

SDG&ETalega STATCOM

BONNEVILLE POW ER KEELER -300/+300 M var230kV

AEP W estEagle Pass STATCOMBack-to-Back2 x +/-36 MVA

Austin EnergyHolly STATCOM+/-95 M VAr

PG&EPotrero-100/+240230 kV

NYSEGFraser-300/+325 (Upgrade)345kV

PG&E Newark-100/+240 M var230kV

NSPFORBES -110/+150 M var (Cont.)-615/+460 M VAr (10 Sec.) 500kV

LADW PM arketplace


Northeast UtilitiesGlenbrookSTATCOM

XCELLake Yankton

ROLE OF FACTS Role of FACTS – SVC & STATCOM

Guangdong

Fujian

Taiw an

Sichuan & Chongqing

Hubei

Hunan

Jiangxi

Heilongjiang

Inner Mongolia

Hebei

Henan Jiangsu

Shandong

Anhui

Guangxi Guizhou

Beijing Tianjin

Shanghai

J ilin

G ansu

Shaanxi

Shanxi

Qinghai

Xinjiang

Xizang

Ningxia

Liaoning

Zhejiang

Yunnan

Hainan Xiaow an/Yunnan-Guangdong3000 M W , 2009

Bangkok

Northw est-Sichuan Interconnection ( Baoji – Deyang )3000 M W , 2009

BtB Shandong-East1000 MW , 2012

BtB North - Central1200 MW , 2009

Future HVDC Projects in ChinaTrans Asia Transm ission

2000 MW , 2018BtB Northeast-North600-1000MW , 2011

G oupitan - Guangdong3000 MW , 2011

Russia

Jinghong-Thailand3000M W , 2013

Northw est-North Interconnection(YinNan - TianJing)3000 M W , 2010

NW PG

NC PG

NEPG

C CPG ECPG

North Shaanxi-Shandong3000 M W , 2011

Guizhou-G uangdong II3000 MW , 2007

SC PG

Three Gorges-Beijing(North) 3000 MW , 2009

Xiangjiaba - Jiangsu3500 M W , 2012

Xiangjiaba - Jiangxi2700 M W , 2013

Xiluodu - Hubei2700 MW , 2015

Xiluodu - Shanghai3500 M W , 2014

Nuochadu - Guangdong3000 M W , 2016

Xiluodu - Zhejiang3500 MW , 2016

Xiluodu - Hunan2700 MW , 2016

Jingping – East China3500 M W , 2015

(The year m eans project in operation)

APPLICATION

ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.SOLDOTNA-40/+70 M var115kV

ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.DAVES CREEK-10/+25 M var115kV

W APA

W APAFARGO -45/+22 Mvar14kV

MAINE EL. POW ERCHESTER -140/+425 M var345kV

NIAGARA M OHAW KLEEDS -300/+270 M var345kV

JERSEY CENTRALATLANTIC CITY -130/+260 M var230kV

CONECTIVCARDIFF -100/+150 M var230kV

CONECTIVINDIAN R IVER -100/+200 M var230kV

CONECTIVNELSO N -100/+150 M var138kV

AM . EL. POW ERBEAVER CREEK -125/+125 Mvar138kV

VIRGINIA POW ER COLINGTON -30 /+78 M var115kV

VELCO Essex STATCO M

Georgia Pow erNorth Dublin

KANSAS GAS & EL. GORDON EVANS 0/+300 M var138kV

KANSAS G AS & EL. MURRAY GILL 25/+200 M var138kV

LANL LOS ALAM OS -50/+100 M var115kV

LADW PAdelanto

BONNEVILLE POW ER M APLE VALLEY -300/+300 M var230kV

SDG&ETalega STATCOM

BONNEVILLE POW ER KEELER -300/+300 M var230kV

AEP W estEagle Pass STATCOMBack-to-Back2 x +/-36 MVA

Austin EnergyHolly STATCOM+/-95 M VAr



PG&E Newark-100/+240 M var230kV

NSPFORBES -110/+150 M var (Cont.)-615/+460 M VAr (10 Sec.) 500kV

LADW PM arketplace



XCELLake Yankton

RO LE O F FACTS Role of FACTS – SVC & STATCOM

Guangdong

Fujian

Taiw an

Sichuan & Chongqing

Hubei

Hunan

Jiangxi

Heilongjiang

Inner Mongolia

Hebei

Henan Jiangsu

Shandong

Anhui

Guangxi Guizhou

Beijing Tianjin

Shanghai

J ilin

G ansu

Shaanxi

Shanxi

Qinghai

Xinjiang

Xizang

Ningxia

Liaoning

Zhejiang

Yunnan

Hainan Xiaow an/Yunnan-Guangdong3000 M W , 2009

Bangkok

Northw est-Sichuan Interconnection ( Baoji – Deyang )3000 M W , 2009

BtB Shandong-East1000 MW , 2012

BtB North - Central1200 MW , 2009

Future HVDC Projects in ChinaTrans Asia Transm ission

2000 MW , 2018BtB Northeast-North600-1000MW , 2011

G oupitan - Guangdong3000 MW , 2011

Russia

Jinghong-Thailand3000M W , 2013

Northw est-North Interconnection(YinNan - TianJing)3000 M W , 2010

NW PG

NC PG

NEPG

C CPG ECPG

North Shaanxi-Shandong3000 M W , 2011

Guizhou-G uangdong II3000 MW , 2007

SC PG

Three Gorges-Beijing(North) 3000 MW , 2009

Xiangjiaba - Jiangsu3500 M W , 2012

Xiangjiaba - Jiangxi2700 M W , 2013

Xiluodu - Hubei2700 MW , 2015

Xiluodu - Shanghai3500 M W , 2014

Nuochadu - Guangdong3000 M W , 2016

Xiluodu - Zhejiang3500 MW , 2016

Xiluodu - Hunan2700 MW , 2016

Jingping – East China3500 M W , 2015

(The year m eans project in operation)

APPLICATION

Power Programs are Stagnating

Crisis in Undergraduate Education


OPPORTUNITY: Young People are Concerned about the Environment -

We can tap into their enthusiasm to make a difference and provide them a career path.


Electric Power -Generation by Fuel Type:


Electricity from Renewables:Wind

On-landOffshore

PhotovoltaicWave EnergyGeothermal

Nuclear (?)Nuclear Power in Minnesota and the Nuclear Power Renaissance:

Terry Pickens Director, Nuclear Regulatory Policy, Xcel Energywww.ece.umn.edu/groups/power

Internet-based Monthly seminars (seminar 14, June 27, 2009)


“Wind can supply up to 20% of U.S. electricity”President Bush, February 21, 2006

Governor Pawlenty signs renewable energy law

Al Gore’s Call for 100% Renewable Energy Within 10 Years

Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS)


WIND DOE estimates offshore resources to be 900,000 MW.


Cost of ElectricityCoal-Fired: 5.0- 6.0 ¢/kWhSingle-Cycle Gas-Fired: 20 ¢/kWhCombined-Cycle Gas-Fired: 8.0-10.0 ¢/kWhWind Turbines:- 6.0 ¢/kWh with PTC*- 8.0 ¢/kWh w/o PTC*

*PTC – 1.9 ¢/kWh


“ The new wind projects account for about 30% of the entire new power-producing capacity added nationally in 2007 ….”

Solar is today where wind was 5-8 years ago.


Sodium Sulfur Battery Energy Storage and its Potential to Enable

Further Integration of Wind

By Xcel Energy


Reliable and Efficient Delivery:

ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.SOLDOTNA-40/+70 Mvar115kV

ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.DAVES CREEK-10/+25 Mvar115kV

WAPA

WAPAFARGO -45/+22 Mvar14kV

MAINE EL. POWERCHESTER -140/+425 Mvar345kV

NIAGARA MOHAWKLEEDS -300/+270 Mvar345kV

JERSEY CENTRALATLANTIC CITY -130/+260 Mvar230kV

CONECTIVCARDIFF -100/+150 Mvar230kV

CONECTIVINDIAN RIVER -100/+200 Mvar230kV

CONECTIVNELSON -100/+150 Mvar138kV

AM. EL. POWERBEAVER CREEK -125/+125 Mvar138kV

VIRGINIA POWER COLINGTON -30/+78 Mvar115kV

VELCO Essex STATCOM

Georgia PowerNorth Dublin

KANSAS GAS & EL. GORDON EVANS 0/+300 Mvar138kV

KANSAS GAS & EL. MURRAY GILL 25/+200 Mvar138kV

LANL LOS ALAMOS -50/+100 Mvar115kV

LADWPAdelanto

BONNEVILLE POWER MAPLE VALLEY -300/+300 Mvar230kV

SDG&ETalega STATCOM

BONNEVILLE POWER KEELER -300/+300 Mvar230kV

AEP WestEagle Pass STATCOMBack-to-Back2 x +/-36 MVA

Austin EnergyHolly STATCOM+/-95 MVAr



PG&E Newark-100/+240 Mvar230kV

NSPFORBES -110/+150 Mvar (Cont.)-615/+460 MVAr (10 Sec.) 500kV

LADWPMarketplace



XCELLake Yankton

Role of FACTS – SVC & STATCOM

3100MW

1920MW

200MW

200MW

200MW

200MW

200MW

210MW

150MW

200MW

600MW

1000MW500MW

1000MW

36MW

312MW370MW

320MW

100MW

200MW

350MW

330MW

1620MW

2000MW

2000MW

690MW

2250MW

2138MW

3100MW

1920MW

200MW

200MW

200MW

200MW

200MW

210MW

150MW

200MW

600MW

1000MW500MW

1000MW

36MW

312MW370MW

320MW

100MW

200MW

350MW

330MW

1620MW

2000MW

2000MW

690MW

2250MW

2138MW

HVDC Projects in North America

TCSC

( )a ( )c( )b


Efficient End-Use:

Figure 1-3 Block diagram of an electric drive system.

Electric Source(utility)

Fixed form

Power ProcessingUnit (PPU)

Motor Load

PowerSignal

Controller

Sensor

AdjustableForm

Input command(speed / position)

speed / position

Electric Drive

Plug-in Hybrid?

Motors 51%HVAC 16%

IT 14%

Lighting 19%

Motors 51%HVAC 16%

IT 14%

Lighting 19%

Motors 51%HVAC 16%

IT 14%

Lighting 19%

CFLLED Lighting

Adjustable Speed Drives


Role of Adjustable-Speed Drives


Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles


Flywheel Energy Storage

ResidentialDistribution Transformer

FlywheelModules

SmartGridController

1PV 2PV nPV....

1PHEV mPHEV....

Utility

Utility

Utility-Side of the Meter

ResidentialDistribution Transformer

FlywheelModules

SmartGridController

1PV 2PV nPV....

1PHEV mPHEV....

Utility

Utility

Utility-Side of the Meter


Flywheel Energy Storage


Our Response:Design an Integrated Curriculum

Benefits StudentsMeets Breadth and Depth Requirements

Independent of Workforce Shortages

Emphasizes Renewables


Wind Generation: Example of an Integrated System

0 69010 60

VHz

−−

34.5kV

161kV

Power ElectronicsConverter

V

Time0

60 Hz

Low-VoltageRide-Through

Generator

690V


Electric Energy Systems Focus Area: Only 3 Senior Technical-Elective Courses

Core Courses

Power Electronics

Electric Drives

Power Systems

Core Courses

Power Electronics

Electric Drives

Power Systems

ComplementaryCourse≡


Core Courses(First 3 Years; common to all focus areas)

PhysicsChemistryMathLiberal Arts RequirementsBasic Electric Engineering Courses– Circuits and Systems: dc, step-

response, steady state ac, Laplace Transform, Fourier Transform, Phasor Analysis

– Electronic Circuits– Electro-Magnetic Fields


Students can choose one of these Focus Areas in the 4th Year:1. Electric Energy Systems2. Control3. Computer Engineering4. Optics5. VLSI6. Digital Signal Processing7. Magnetics8. Micro-Electronics9. MEMS, Nano10.Solid-State Devices


Breadth and Depth Requirements in Senior Electives at UMN:

Breadth RequirementAt least one course each in four areas

Depth RequirementAt least two courses in one area

Similar at Numerous Other Universities


Suggested Complementary (5 to 6) Senior Technical-Elective Courses:

Analog and Digital Control coursesEmbedded Controllers: DSP and FPGAscoursesCourse on Analog Circuit DesignProgramming Language coursesCourse on Heat TransferCourse on Thermodynamics

A Senior-Design Project Required


Continuing Education:As a Graduate Student – MS or PhDInternet-based Distance Educationo as a Graduate Studento as a Non-Degree StudentShort Courses for CEUs or PDH


Benefits of Our Approach: • Broader range of topics in each course

• More in-depth coverage!

• Students are broadly trained

• Domestic Graduate Students (?)


Audience Response:Undergraduates will Benefit if Broadly

Trained (Graduate School is the place to Specialize):AGREE – press ASomewhat AGREE – press BDISAGREE – press C


Pedagogy:Online Homework Problems

TA as a co-Teacher

Student Response SystemField Trips

Gender Equality: A Goal


Increasing Student Enrollments –2008-2009 at UMN: Power Systems (PS): 90

Power Electronics (PE): 118Electric Drives (ED): 125

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

PSPEED


Mission:Affect Curricular Change in at least 175Schools Nationwide

– Adapted already in various combinations at ~100 schools


Distance Education:• For Practicing Engineers• University Education (?)

- Ron Fitch and Heather Dorr – 1:45-2:00 PM


Available Resources:- All Necessary Materials

- Course Learning Objectives- Textbooks (Presentation Slides, Solutions Manuals)- Labs- Online Assessment Problems

- Annual Faculty Workshops to Exchange ideas- Join the Community of Teaching Scholars

- Weeklong Summer Immersion Workshops- Travel Expenses paid plus honorarium


Workshop Agenda10:30-12:00 p.m. Details of the Proposed Curriculum and UMN Developed Laboratories

Power Electronics – Bill RobbinsPower Systems – Bruce WollenbergElectric Drives – Paul Imbertson


1:30-1:45 PMDescription of Corvallis, OR: Site of 2009 Summer

Faculty Workshop – Ted Brekken

1:45-2:00 PMDistance Education – Ron Fitch, Heather Dorr

3:00-3:30 PM Open Discussion of UMN-Proposed Curriculum and

Online Courses: Chaired by Julie Ellis

3:30-5:00 PMInvited Poster Session (Coffee + Cash Bar)


6:00-7:00 PMCurriculum Advisory Board Meeting –Chaired by Nari Hingorani

ECE Dept Heads Working Group Meeting –Chaired by Marc Bodson

7:00-8:30 PM Banquet (spouses invited): Presentation by Dr. Terje Gjengedal, VP-Statkraft, Norway on “Energy for the Future- Possibilities and Challenges”


Saturday7:00-8:00AM Continental Breakfast

8:00-10:00 AM Reports of the Working Groups10:30-12:00Presentations from Industry on Educational Needs

Yakout Mansour – President and CEO – California ISODanny Spear – General Dynamics Electric BoatWaleed Said – Hamilton SundstrandNoel Schultz – IEEE Power Engineering Society

1:30-3:30 PMDesigning 2nd Courses (Entry-Level Graduate Courses) -Chaired by Noel Schultz

3:30-5:00 Summation and Action Plan 5:00-5:30 Certificates of Appreciation

Documents

Electric Energy Systems - Electrical and Computer …people.ece.umn.edu/groups/power/faculty_workshops/feb09_napa/... · Electric Energy Systems ... ©Copyright Ned Mohan 2009 8 Electric