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Eldridge Cleaver
FBI File #100-HQ-447251Section 29
4*LAW OFFICES
WALD, HARKRADER & ROSS
Assoc. Dir.
Dep. AD Adm.
Dep. AD Iny.
Asst. Dir.:
Adm. Serv.
ROBERT L.WALDTHOMAS H. TRUITTDONALD H. GREENTHOMAS C. MATTHEWS, JR.TERRY F. LENZNERJERRY D.ANKERALEXANDER W.SIERCKSTEPHEN M.TRUITT,STEVEN K.YABLONSKITHOMAS W. BRUNNERMARK SCHATTNERRICHARD A. BROWNDAVID R. BERZROBERT B. CORNELLROBERT M.COHANNANCY H. HENDRYGLORIA PHARES STEWART
CARLETON A.HARKRADERROBERT M. LICHTMANNEAL P. RUTLEDGETHOMAS J.SCHWABDANIEL F;O KEEFE,JR,CHARLES C.ABELESTERRENCE ROCHE MURPHYTONI K. GOLDENJAMES DOUGLAS WELCHC.COLEMAN BIRDGERALD B. WETLAUFERAVRUM M. GOLDBERGCAROL KINSBOURNEDAVID B. WEINBERGSTEVEN M. GOTTLIEBSHEILA JACKSON LEE +RANGELEY WALLACE
* ON LEAVE
DELIVERED BY HAND
WM.WARFIELD ROSSSTEPHEN B.IVESJR.GEORGE A. AVERYJOEL E. HOFFMANDONALD T. BUCKLINROBERT E. NAGLEWILLIAM R.WEISSMANKEITH S.WATSONROBERT A. SKITOLGREER S. GOLDMANLEWIS M. POPPERDENNIS D. CLARKLESLIE S. BRETZANTHONY L.YOUNGSTEVEN E. SILVERMANJAMES R. MYERS
910 SEVENTEEN
WASHINGTON,
(202) 87,CABLE ADORE
TELEX: 2
SELMA M. LEVI]
OF COUPHILIP I
CHARLES F,
February 14, 191OUTSIDE .,OLE
Ext. Affairs
Fin.& Pers.
Gen. Inv.
Ident.
I ntell.
Plan. & In
Rec. Mgt.
S.& T. Serve.
Spec. Inv.
Training .
Telephone Rm.
Director's Sec'y
FBI/DOJ
ALL INFOTOTAT:
Mr. Clarence M. Kelley HERMIN IS TNDirector DAT 09-11-2(
Federal Bureau of InvestigationUnited States Department of JusticeWashington, D.C. 20535
CONTAIN
bU/P/EL b7C
Re: Eldridge L 4 Cleaver v.ClarencdeM. Kelley, et =IT-Civil Action No. 76-0795
Dear Director Kelley:
This letter is in further response to your letterdated January 12, 1977, a copy of which I have enclosed.As the matter of your agency's withholding of documents hasnow been fully joined in judicial proceedings, we do notbelieve it to be appropriate to fully and specificallyaddress ourselves to that matter outside of those proceedings.
So that the record of our correspondence is clear,we wish to note that in our view the invocation of theexemptions noted in your letter of January 12th is not legallyjustified. Accordingly, we will seek the release of thedocuments withheld from the District Court.
4
'V
p~S R4~'
Sincerely your
Robert B. Cornell
RBC m nn
cc: Bruce E. Titus, Esquire ( nc.)m
(/n3 FEB c4.77
17 AQ77 A
-:i-,
OFFICE OF" T'3!. DIRECTOR
UNITED STATES DEPARTMEN T OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20535
January 12, 1977
ALL INFRMArION CONrAINTEDRobert B. Cornell, Esq. .HEREIN IS CLASSIFIEDWald, Harkrader, and Ross DATE 09-11-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL910 Seventeenth Street, N. W.Washington, D. C. 20006
Dear Mr. Cornell:b7C
This letter is to confirm our understanding ofarrangements made by our counsel, Mr. Bruce E. Titus, DeputyChief, Information and Privacy Unit, Civil Division, Departmentof Justice, concerning delivery on January 12, 1977, of proc-essed documents from FBI files to you on behalf of your clientsLeroy Eldridge Cleaver and |pursuant to theFreedom of Information Act. Mr. Titus has advised us that hewill insure delivery to you of the processed documents, con-sisting of 1,336 pages and that the duplication costs thereof,at ten cents a page, totalling $133.60, will be paid by youby check or money order made payable to the -Federal Bureau ofInvestigation.
Excisions have been made from the above-mentioneddocuments and other documents have been withheld in theirentirety in an effort to protect information exempted fromdisclosure by the following subsections of Title 5, UnitedStates Code, Section 552:
(b)(1) information which is currently and pro--perly classified pursuant to ExecutiveOrder 11652 in the interest of thenational defense or foreign policy
(b)(2) materials related solely to the internalrules and practices of the FBI
(b)(7) investigatory records compiled for lawenforcement purposes, the disclosure ofwhich would:
(C) constitute an unwarranted invasionof the personal privacy of anotherperson
Robert B. Cornell
(D) reveal the identity of an individualwho has furnished information to theFBI under confidential circumstancesor reveal information furnished onlyby such a person and not apparentlyknown to the public or otherwiseaccessible to the FBI by overt means
(E) disclose investigative techniquesand procedures, thereby impairingtheir future effectiveness
(F) endanger the life or physical safetyof law enforcement personnel
Although we are fully aware of the pending litigationin the United States District Court for the District ofColumbia, the law requires us to advise that you have thirtydays from receipt of this letter to appeal to the AttorneyGeneral from any denial pertaining hereto. Appeals should bedirected in writing to the Attorney General (Attention:Freedom of Information Appeals Unit), Washington, D. C. 20530.The envelope and the letter should be clearly marked "Freedomof Information Appeal" or "Information Appeal."
Sincerely yours,
Clarence 14. KelleyDirector
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V
L
K
**
CLEAR TELETYPE PRIORITY
FM DIRECTOR 2/15/77
TO LOS ANGELES (PRIORITY)
SAN FRANCISCO (PRIORITY)
SACRAMENTO (PRIORITY) Attention:
SAN DIEGO (PRIORITY) ALL INFordBTION CONTAINEDHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED
BTDATE 09-11-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL
CLEAR
ELDRIDGE :t:T:iAVER V.
CLARENCE M. KELLEY, ET AL., (U.S.D.C., D.C.)
CIVIL ACTION NO. 76-795
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA) MATTER
BUDED FEBRUARY 18, ]977
RE BUREAU TELEPHONE CALLS FEBRUARY ]4 AND ]5, 1977.
CONFIRMING REFERENCED TELEPHONE CALLS, U.S. DISTRICT
COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA BY ORDER FEBRUARY 10,
]977, DIRECTED THE FBI, AMONG OTHER THINGS, TO CONTACT ITS
CALIFORNIA FIELD OFFICES AND *SUCH OTHER FIELD OFFICES AS
NOTE: Above being sent per Court order in capt owned matterCoordination with Legal Counsel Division, Information and
Assoc. Dir.
Dep. AD Adm. Privacy Acts Litigation Unit <Dep. AD Inv.
Asst. Dir.:Aes. Dr., FU:car (4)- -Adm. Serve.
Ext. Affairs-
Fin. & Pers.Gen. Inv.
dent.
Inspection
Laboratory 4Legal Coun.
Plan. & EvaL
Rec. Mgnt.Spec. Inv.Training
Telephone Rm.
Director Sec'y MAIL ROOM TELETYPE UNIT
GPO 1976 0 - 207-526
PAGE TWO CLEAR
MAY HAVE INFORMATION ENCOMPASSED BY THE COURT'S ORDER OF
DECEMBER 22, ]976, AND TO THEREAFTER PROVIDE PLAINTIFFS WITH
SUCH INFORMATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE DECEMBER 22, 1976,
ORDER."
THE AFOREMENTIONED DECEMBER 22, 1976, ORDER, AMONG
OTHER THINGS, DIRECTED THE FBI TO PROCESS PLAINTIFFS' FOIA
NARROWED REQUEST DESCRIBED AS INFORMATION CONTAINED IN OUR
FILES RELATING TO "...COVERT LAW ENFORCEMENT AND COUNTER-
INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES BY THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION,
ACTING ALONE OR IN COLLABORATION WITH CALIFORNIA LOCAL AND
STATE POLICE AUTHORITIES, .DIRECTED AGAINST ELDRIDGE AND
CLEAVER AND THE CALIFORNIA BRANCHES OF THE BLACK
PANTHER PARTY (BPP) OF WHICH THEY WERE A PART, FOR THE TIMEb6
PERIOD AUGUST, 1967, THROUGH APRIL, 1968." 1 u
IN AN EFFORT TO COMPLY WITH THAT PORTION OF THE
FEBRUARY 10, ]977, ORDER DESCRIBED ABOVE, RECIPIENTS SHOULD
CONDUCT A SEARCH OF THEIR-INDICES FOR ALL MAIN FILES IDENTIFIABLE
WITH LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, AND THE BPP
AND FOR ALL REFERENCES TO LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER AND
b * 6
b7 C
PAGE THREE CLEAR
ANY DOCUMENTS CONTAINING INFORMATION FALLING WITHIN
THE AFOREMENTIONED AUGUST ], 1967, THROUGH APRIL 30, ]968,
DATE SCOPE OF PLAINTIFFS' NARROWED REQUEST ARE TO BE DUPLICATED
AND TWO COPIES EACH THEREOF SHOULD BE FORWARDED BY COVER
AIRTEL TO FBIHQ, DESIGNATED TO THE ATTENTION OF RECORDS
MANAGEMENT DIVISION, FREEDOM OF INFORMATION-PRIVACY ACTS
BRANCH, TO REACH FBIHQ NO LATER THAN FEBRUARY 18, ]977.
PROCESSING PURSUANT TO.FOIA WILL THEN BE ACCOMPLISHED BY
FBIHQ PERSONNEL.
COVER AIRTEL SHOULD DESCRIBE THE RESULTS OF THE INDICES
SEARCH BY MAIN FILES AND REFXENCES, INCLUDING CASE CAPTIONS
AND FILE NUMBERS, AND THE DOCUMENTS ENCLOSED THEREWITH SHOULD
BE GROUPED AND LABELED ACCORDINGLY.
BT
FD-364Rev. 2-1,4-74)
ALL INFORMATION CONTAINEDHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIEIDATE 09-11-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/
Transmit the following in
b6b7C
F BI
Date: 2/16/77
-n oI(Type in plaintext or code)I
AIRTEL
(Precedence)- - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -I
TO: DIRECTOR, FBIATTN: RECORDS MANAGEMENT DIVISION
FOI - PA BRANCH
SAC, SACRAMENTO (62-564) (RUC)
ELDRIDGE CLEAVER v.CLARENCE M. KELLEY, ET AL.,(U.S.D.C., D.C.)CIVIL ACTION #76-795FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA) MATTERBuded 2/18/77
ReButel, 2/16/77.
Enclosed for the Bureau are 2 copies of Sacramentoserials pertaining to LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER,
I and Black Panther Party (BPP) from the period8/1/67 to 4/30/68. This does not include serials already,received by the Bureau.
Indices search revealed SC 157-52, BPP main filecaptioned BPP, RACIAL MATTERS, included serials for the timeperiod requested. Other BPP files and references did notcontain communications in the requested time period.
Indices search and file review of SC 157-291, mainfile for LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, and references to CLEAVERindicates the first Sacramento communication as May, 1968.
Indices search and file review determined SC 157-2149,main file for and references SC 157-52-20and 157-52-Sub # 34, p7, 9, shows first communication oMay, 1968. fq7 r
- Bureau (Enc. 1)- Sacramento
BRLK:smd(3) NA4IS.7-
Approved:
53 MAY 10 97 Special Agent in ChargeSent M Per _
a
4.%
1". of
b6SC 62-564 b7CSacramento indices and review of files determined
several references for LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVERafter date of requested period.
SAC, LOS 0.4GELES (157-1503)7\ ~*
10/3/67
SAC, SAN FRANCISCO (157-864) - RUC
BLACK PANTHER PARTYLOS AIGELES, CALIFORNIAIS - BLACK PANTHER PARTY
Reurlet 8/28/67.
LIPTATION CCI P, EIN IS IJMCLASS1kTE 09-11-2008 B) RP/PJ/EHL
The "Oakland-Tribune," daily newspaper published inOakland, California, for 6/17/67, in an article captioned,"Panthers File for Party Status," it was reported that paperswere .filed "yesterday" with the Secretary of State toincorporate subject organization as a non-profit politicalorganization. These papers were filed by attorney FRANK A.EVANS, JR. of Los Angeles and listed the founding directorsas JOHN FLOYD, FRANK HARDING, and RENE HARDING, all of LosAngeles.
According to the article, "Among the purposes ofthe Black Panther party, as stated in the proposed articlesof incorporation are to 'develop political power for theblack comunity....select and run our own candidatcs...establish and develop good relations with the third world,that is, Africa, Asia, and Latin America."
Sacramento is requested to check the office of theSecretary of State for verification and additional informationon this filing and advise Los Angeles.
2 - Los Angeles (RM)Z- Sacramento CRM)2 - San Francisco (1 - 157-864)
(1 - 157-677fJTQ/jr(6)
to2D 4 JL~fj
Co S
L1~NcroSUR~ Vrx? -~i ~I '1 ~S (~ (7)C~ &'( /
SAC, iS ANGELES (157-1503) Nov. 16, 1967
SAC, SACRAMEN!TO (157-52) RUC
BLACK PATHiER PARTYIDS ANGELES, CALIFORNIAIS - BLACK PAird PaRTY
Re Los Angeles letter to San Fr ncisco dated 10/3/67.
On November 7, 1067, Office of theSecretary of State Corporation records, Sacramento,California, advised that her files fail to reflect any b6incorporation records for the Black Panther Party. b7C
ALL INFORMATION COTTAINEDHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIEDDATE 09-11-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL
2 - Los Angeles (RM)1 - San Francisco (157-864)(RM)
j Sacramento14PL:grh(4)
r
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
REPORTING OFFICE OFFICE OF ORIGIN DATE INVESTIGATIVE PERIOD V'C
SAN FRANCISCO 'SAN FRANCISCO 1116/6. 4/27-11/16/67TITLE OF CASE REPORT MADE TYPED BY
LACK PANTHER PART FOR CHARACTER OF CASESELF DLEFnSE (BPPSD)
EXEMPTED FROM AUTTORATIC
DECLASSIFICATION ITERNA SECURITY MTSCELLAMEOUAUTHORITY DERIVED FROM:
FBI AUTOMATIC DECLASSIFICATION GUIDEEXEMPTION CODE 25%(1)
San1 Fr117isco teletype to Bureau dated 10/28/67.
ADMINISTRATIVE DATA: 01 - TI
Copies of this report have been designated for theLos Angeles and Sacramento Offices for information inasmuchas this report contains ramification of specific interestto those offices.
This report is classified-oonfidentifl becauseinformation furnished by SF T-1 if disclosed could possiblyresult in loss of an informant of continuing value.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS CLAIMED ACQUIT- CASE HAS BEEN:
CONVICT. AUTO. FUG. FIN ES SAVINGS RECOVERIES TALS PENDING OVER .ONE YEAR EZYES ONO
PENDING PROSECUTIONOVER SIX MONTHS mYES =NO
APPROVED SPECIAL AGENT DO NOT WRITE IN SPACES BELOWAPPROVEDIN CHARGE
COPIES MADE:
6 - Bureau (105-165706)(RM) T2 - 115th MI Group (RM)1 - NISO 12 ND (RM)1 - OSI 19 D (RlI)1. - Los Angeles (IN~FO)(RM4) NOiO67
FBI - SACRAMENTO- cranento (INFO) (R':,) ______
7 - San Francisco (100-58841)
Dissemination Record of Attached Report NotationsAgency
Request Recd.
Date Fwd.
Ilo w wd.
B y
4-, t i
SF 100-68841WJW /rg
LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER,HUEY PERCY NEWTON andthe Secirity Index.
are included on
Results of the prosecutier action taken, fines leviedand sentence-imposed of those who participated in varyingdegrees in the Invasion of the California LegislativeAssembly Sacramento, California on 5/2/67 have been reportedin e indIvidual case files on each of the individuals, andare not being restated in this summary.
Case files have been opened on each of theindividuals named in this report as an officer or suspectedmember of this oranization, for the purpose of compilingidentifying and background data. The cases on the followingindividuals will be closely reviewed to ascertain whetheractive investigations on these should be conducted.
The Sacramento Office has been requested to checkrecords of the Department of State, Sacramento, Californiato corroborate the information that their organization hasnot filed incorporation papers as a non profit politicalorganization.
-B-COVER PAGE
BOBBY JAMES HUTTON
b6b7;C
9
ST 100-58841JWlerg
This report is a summary of information previouslyfurnished in the main by LHM to Bureau and this informationwas appropriately disseminated throughout the investigativeperiod of this report.
INFO RMANTS:
Tdcntity of Sourcd
Sr T-1 is
SF T-2 is
File Where Located
Characterization off
100-58841-2SF T-3 is
(By request)
SF T-4 is
SF T-5 is
100-58841-2
SF T-6 is
(By request)
100-58841-2
- C -. OVER PAGE
4" ±l
b6b7C87D
SXE -
0~~1" ~
sr 100-S8841WJW/erg
Sr T-7 is
SF T-8 is
(By request)
SF T-9 isw
0
100-S Cl 841-41
ww100-58841-9
w
SF T-10 is
SF T-11 is
SF T-12 is
SF T-13 is
SF T-14 isb 1
SF T-15 is
Characterization of
This report
LEADS
SAN FRANCISCO
AT SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA: Will submitcharacterization of this organization for Bureau approval.
COVER PAGE
b7D
b6
b7D
9
SF 100-58841 -WJW/erg
Wi11 advise Bureau by letter of results ofcheck of records of Department of State, Sacramentoregarding incorporation status.
Will submit report within six months.
8SXETSE ETCOVER PAGE
S EX
FO-204 (Rev. 3-3-59)
UNEI D STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE*FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
CoPyto: 2 - 115th MI Group (R1) 1 - NISO 12 ND (RM)1 - OSI 19 D (RM)
b6Report of: Office: SAN FRANCISCO b7CDate: 11/16/67
Field Office File #: 100-58841 Bureau File #: 100-165706
Title: BLACK PANTHER PARTY FOR SELF DEFENSE (BPPSD)
DECLASSIFIED BY 60322/UCLRP/PJJEHL.ON 09-11-2008
Character; INTERNAL SECURITY - MISCELLANEOUS
Synopsis:
The Black Panther Party for Self Defense (BPPSD) was formedby HUEY PERCY NEWTON, Minister of Defense, and BOBBY GEORGESEALE, Chairman, in Oakland, California in December, 1966.RICHARD MATSUI A0KI held title of Minister of Education..BPPSD designed as political organization to combat "policebrutality", to unite militant black youth to determine -thedestiny of black communities, and to educate black peoplein African history. Only top leadership appeared to beknowledgeable of or interested in the political philosophyof BPPSD, taken from writings of MAO Tse-tung, ROBERT F.WILLIAMS, MALCOLM X LITTLE and black militant writers.Leadership has advocated use of guns and guerrilla tactics intheir violent revolutionary program to end oppression andoppose the drafting of black men to fight in Vietnam. BPPSDhas no apparent connections with other organizations; STOKELYCARMICHAEL, former chairman of SNCC was "drafted" and investedwith rank of Field Marshall. NEWTON and have beenconvicted on charges of "assault with deadly weapon"; both
EldeT otALExcluded aautomatic
.downgr ng a
de .a ssification
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned toyour agency; it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
SF 100-58841WJW/erg:mfm
and NEWTON and their associates carried carbine b7Crifles and holstered pistols in plain view on streetsof Oakland and elsewhere while on "defense patrols". OnMay 2, 1967, members of BPPSD invaded the CaliforniaState Legislative Assembly, Sacramento, carrying loadedweapons to protest restrictions on carrying of guns.Membership meetings were held on weekly basis at Head-quarters, 5624 Grove Street, Oakland. Membership included40 to 50 activists. Last issue of publication "The BlackPanther -- Black Community News Service" appeared July,1967; headquarters now closed and no meetings held since U7August, 1967.Newspaper article quotes NEWTON as having stated "Everytime you can execute a white racist gestapo cop you aredefending yourself." On 11/13/67 Grand Jury of AlamedaCounty, California, Oakland, indicted NEWTON for murderof Oakland Police Officer at 5:00 a.m. on 10/28/67, Oakland.
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SF 100-58841WJW/erg
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGEI. ORIGIN AND SCOPE 3
II. AIMS AND PURPOSES 12
III. LOCATION OF HEADQUARTERS 16
IV. PUBLICATIONS 17
V. INCORPORATION STATUS. 17
VI. OFFICERS 17
VII. MEMBERSHIP DATA AND MEMBERSHIPMEETINGS 20
VIII. POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY .2
IX. SPEECHES AND WRITINGS
X. CONNECTIONS WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 41
XI. GENERAL ACTIVITIES AND INCIDENTS
XII. FINANCES 56
XIII. HUEY PERCY NEWTON, CHARGED WITHMURDER OF OAKLAND POLICE OFFICER
AND ATTEMPTED MURDER OFANOTHER OAKLAND POLICE OFFICER,OCTOBER 28, 1967 57
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1SF 100-58841WJW/rlk.
DETAILS-
I. ORIGIN AND SCOPE
The concept of the formation of a militant blackpolitical organization designed to combat "police brutality"to unit militant black youthto determine the deny . of blackcommunities and to educate the black people in African history,was originated in December, 1966, by HUEY PERCY NEWTON andBOBBY GEORGE SEALE, former students of Oakland City College,now known as Merritt College, 5714 Grove Street, Oakland,California.. In December, 1966, SEALE and NEWTON named theirorganization "Black Panther Party for Self-Defense" (BPPSD),and assumed their titles.- NEWTON, Minister of Defense, andSEALE, Chairman.
SF T-1, 7/11/67
The name of the organization was inspired by thesymbol of the Black Panther adopted by the Lownde- CountyFreedom Organization of the State of Alabama, now" better knownas the Black Panther Party. There is no link between theseorganizations, but there may have been an exchange of literatureand correspondence on matters of mutual interest.
SF T-1, 7/11/67
In early 1967, the exact date not known, RICHARDMATSUI ADKI of Berkeley, California also a former Oakland b6City College student, was drawn into the BPPSD and had the title b7cof ilinister of Education bestowed upon him. NEWTON andknew m to be a scholar of the classic writings on revolutionby such former black militants as FRANTZ FANON, MARCUS GARVEY,MALCOLM X LITTLE and W.E.B. DuBOIS. The organizers of the BPPSDalso selected for a position of leadership in the organiza-tion because of his experience while serving .asof the Campus Committee for Lowndes County, a Socialist WorkersParty (SWP) and Young Socialist Alliance (YSA) front organizationon the Campus of the University of California, Berkeley, (UCB),which collected contributions for the aforementioned LowndesCounty Freedom Organization.
SF T-2, 5/1/67
- 3 -
b6b7C
2SF 100-58841WJW?rlk
resigned from the SWP in theSpring of 1967.
SF T-2, 5/1/67
In a special meeting at the Greek Theatre, UCB,October 29, 1966, STOKELY CARMICHAEL, Chairmanof the Student Non-Violent Co-Ordinating Committee(SNCC), stated in part "We developed the LowndesCounty Freedom Organization, a political Party.Alabama law says that a political party must have anemblem. We chose for the emblem a black panther."
A characterization of the SWP and YSA are foundin the appendix pages.
A characterization of MALCOLM X LITTLE is includedin the characterization of the Organization ofAfro-American Unity (OAAU) contained in the appendixpages.
The BPPSD is a militant black nationalist youthorganization which has headquarters at 5624 Grove Street, Oakland,California, located one block south of the Merritt CollegeCampus, Oakland.
Meetings were held on a weekly basis at 4:00 PM onSaturdays with approximately 8 to 22 young Negroes (males)in attendance.
SF T-3, 3/10/67
The leaders of the BPPSD are BOBBY GEORGE SEALE.and HUEY PERCY NEWTON, 881 47th
Street, Oakland. NEWTON and and some of their associateswere observed on the streets of Oakland, California, cecryingcarbine rifles and holstered pistols in plain view, as they wereengaged in what they called defense patrols". They 7ave notbeen known to carry concealed weapons or to possess n~h weaponsas sawed-off shotguns, which are in violation of exiFtJnglaw, and have, therefore, not subjected themselves tc arrest.
SF T-3, 3/10/67
b7C
3SF 100-58841WJWI/rlk
As of March, 1967, was employedasr
Oakland, California.
As of the Fall of 1965,m wasof the "Soulbook", self-described as the
Quarterly Journal of Revolutionary Afro-Americans".
:3F T-4, 3/1/67
Records of the Clerk of Superior Court, AlamedaCounty. California, Oakland, California, in ActionNumber |disclosed that on October 10, 1966,
was sentenced to one year courtprobation, Superior Court of Alameda County,California, after pleading guilty to a charge ofbattery of a Berkeley Police Officer on March 17,1966.
Records of the Military Records Center, St. Louis,Missouri, disclosed that was givena bad conduct discharge, February 11, 1959, as
IEll2sworth Air Force Base, South Dakota.w,,as diagnosed asl
FBI IDentification record Number containsthe following data concerningas of November 2, 1967:
- 5 -
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SF 100-58841WJW/rlk
On November 3, 1967, Inspector HomicideDetail, Oakland, California, Police Department,advised that was then incarceratedin the Santa Rita Rehabilitation Center, GraystonePrison, Alameda County, California, at Pleasanton,California, awaiting trial on his May 23, 1967,arrest by the Oakland Police Department on a chargeof carrying a concealed weapon.
Records of the Oakland Police Department, #1591483,disclose that HUEY PERCY NEWTON, born February 17,1942, Monroe, Louisiana, was on October 8, 1964,found guilty by jury in' Superior Court of AlamedaCounty, California, of an. assault with a deadlyweapon and on October 29, 1965 was sentenced tothree years probation, six months county jail.
The records of the Richmond, California, PoliceDepartment, Arrest Number 96945, Offense Number93310, disclose that at 5:50 AM on June 4, 1967,HUEY PERCY NEWTON was arrested by the RichmondPolice Department at 10th and Lincoln, Richmond,on a charge of violating Section 148 Penal Code(interfering with police). The details of theoffense report reads that a group of Negroesgathered around Richmond police officers who wereissuing a citation on a traffic violation. One ofthe Negro on-lookers, named in anintoxicated condition, attempted to kick theofficers. NEWTON swung at one of the officers andstruck this office'on the chest.
Booking record #129994 of Contra Costa County Jail,Martinez, California, disclosed that on October 9.1967, NEWTON was sentenced by Municipal Court, Richmond,California, to serve 60 days in County Jail followingconviction of the June 4, 1907, charge aforementioned.On October 10, 1967, NEWTON was released on bailon court order, pending appeal.
5SF 100-58841WJW/rlk
ContributoofFingerprin
PD OaklandCalif
PD BerkeleyCalif
SOOaklandCalid
PD OaklandCalif
FBI IDentification Record., Number 1804 121 E, containsthe following data concerning HUEY PERCY NEWTON:
r , Name Arrestedand of
ts Number Received Charge Disposition
HueyPercyNewton#159q83
HueyPercyNewton#20502
HueyPercyNew-ton#64-2363
HueyPercyNewton#159483
3/2/63
3/4/64
3/5/64
6/11/64
wrn't (848 PC)dism(PT)
Viol Sec459 PenCode (burg)
Burg 5 cts
warr 245 PC(ADTW)
dism
dism on chgof 4 ots burg
6 mos CJ 3yrs prob
SO OaklandCalif
SO OaklandCalif
PD BerkeleyCalif
Huey 10/8/64 ADWPercyNewton #64-9016
Huey P.klewton#66/2960
HueyPercyt#20502
3/18/66
3/17/66
242 PC battagainst peaceofficer
6 mos CJ 3 yrsprob
mlsd crt prob2 yrs
148 PC no comply on(resist arrest) 1st chg& 243 PC guilty of 242(B-pol ofc) PC (batt)
continued onprob 10/10/66
6SF 100-58841WjJWA(/rlk
ContributorofFingerprints
PDRichmondCalif
PD OaklandCalif
NameandNumber
HuevPercyNewton#42141
Huey P.Newton#159483
ArrestedorReceived
6/4/67
5/22/67
Charge
resistarrest
Disposition
60 days10/9/67
(1) 415 PC Set for trial(dist peace) Municipal(2) 417 PC Court #5(drawing or Oaklandexibit firearml/17/67or other deadlyweapon)(3) 3-4:01 OM1C(profane-obscenelanguage)(4) 2-7:02 OMC(displayingdangerousweapon)
SO MartinezCalif
HUEY NEWTON was reportedin 'demolition and reportedly, hadgathering of molotov cocktails and
to be qualified as an expertsupervised the' making orincendiary bombs.
SF T-5, 11/22/66
On March 6, 1967, 1 1b7Cb7D
0 0
HueyPercyNewton#129994
10/9/67 148 PCresistarrest
60 das
7SF 100-58841WJ/rlk
b6b7Cb7D
SF T-55 3 8/67
On April 25, 1966, a rally sponsored by the Afro-American Student Union (AASU) was held at UCB. DON JUAN DAVISPresident of the AASU urged Negroes to oppose the drafting ofblack men and stated in party "We are not about to go to VietNam and fight against people like ourselves who are fightingfor equal opportunities, equal rights and the end of oppression.
SF T-6, 4/25/66
The AASU is an organization recognized by the UCB b6Administration as a Campus Student Organization. b7c
In March, 1967, W and NEWTON emphasized that it7asthe objective of the BPPSD to arm The Negro community to fullcapacity for the purpose of backing all plays for the Negrocommunity; and to act as a deterrentto all organizationsincluding the Oakland and San Francisco Police Departments.
SF T--5, 3/8/67
II. AIMS AND PURPOSES
The asserted aims and purposes of the BPPSD are setforth in a leaflet captioned -Black Panther Party for Self DefenseWhat We Want - What We Believe". Copies of this leaflet werewidely distributed throughout the San Frandsco Eay Area duringApril) 19-67.
SF T-7, 5/3/67
A copy of the aforementioned leaflet is set forthbelow.
SF 100-5 88L41WJW/rik
"WHAT WE WANT NOW!:
1. WE WANT FREEDOM. WE WANT POWER TO DETERMINE THE DESTINY OFBLACK COMMUNITY.
2. 1IE WANT FULL EMPLOYMENT FOR OUR PEOPLE.
3. WE WANT AN END TO THE ROBBERY BY ThE WHI E MAN OF OUR BLACKCOMMUNITY.
4. WE WANT DECENT HOUSEING FIT FOR SHELTER OF HUMAN BEINGS.
5. 1E WqANT EDUCATION FOR OUR PEOPLE THAT EXPOSES THE TRUE NATUREOF THIS DECADENT AMERICAN SOCIETY. WE WANT EDUCATION THATTEACHES US OUR HISTORY AND OUR ROLE IN THE PRESENT DAYSOCIETY.
6. WE WANT ALL BLACK MEN TO BE EXEMPT FROM MILITARY SERVICE.
'7. WE WANT AN IMMEDIATE END TO POLICE BRUTALITY AND MURDER OFBLACK PEOPLE.
8. WE WANT FREEDOM FOR ALL BLACK MEN AND WvOMEN HELD TN FEDERAL,STATE, COUNTY, AND CITY PRISONS AND JAILS.
9. WE WANT ALL BLACK PEOPLE WHEN BROUGHT TO TRIAL, TO BE TRIEDIN COURT BY A JURY OF THEIR PEER. GROUP OR PEOPLE FROM THEIR
BLACK COMMUNITIES, AS DEFINED BY THE CONSTITUTION OFTHE UNITED STATES.
"10. WE WANT LAND, BREAD, HOUSEING, EDUCATION, CLOTHING, JUSTICEAND PEACE.
"WHAT WE BELIEVE:
1. WE BELIEVE THAT BLACK PEOPLE WILL NOT BE FREE UNTIL WE AREABLE TO DETERMINE: OUR DESTINY.
.2. WE BELIEVE THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS RSPONSIDLEAND OBLIGATED TO GIVE EVERY MAN DEPLOYMENT OR A GUARANTEEDINCOME.WE BELIEVE THAT IF THE WHITE AMERICAN BUSINESS MEN WILLNOT GIVE FULL EMPLOYMENT, THEN THE MEANS OF PRODUCTION
SF 100-58841WJW/rxlk
'SHOULD BE TAKEN FROM THE BUSINESS MEN AND PLACED IN THECOMMUNITY SO THAT THE PEOPLE OF THE COMMUNITY CAN ORGANIZEAND EMPLOY ALL OF ITS PEOPLE AND GIVE A HIGH STANDARDSOF LIVING.
3. WE BELIEVE THAT THIS RACIST GOVERNMENT HAS ROBBED US ANDNOW WE ARE DEMANDING THE OVERDUE DEBT OF FORTY ACRES ANDTWO MULES. FORTY ACRES AND TWD MULES WAS PROMISED 100 YEARSAGO AS RETRIBUTION FOR SLAVE LABOR AND MASS MURDER OFBLACK PEOPLE. 1E WILL ACCEPT THE PAYMENT IN CURRENCYWHICH WILL BE DISTRIBUTED TO OUR MANY COMMUNITIES. THEGERMANS ARE NOW AIDING THE JEWS IN ISRAEL FOR THE GENOCIDEOF THE JEWISH PEOPLE. THE GERAANS MURDERED 6,000,000MILLION JEWS. THE AMERICAN RACIST HAS TAKEN PART IN THESLAUGHTER OF OVER 50,000,000 MILLION BLACK PEOPLE'THEREFORE, WE FEEL THAT THIS IS A MODEST DEMAND THAT WEMAKE.
'4. WE BELIEVE THAT IF THE WHITE LANDLORDS WILL NOT GIVE DECENTHOUSEING TO OUR BLACK COMMUNITY THEN THE HOUSEING ANDTHE LAND SHOULD DE MADE INTO COOPERATIVE SO THAT OURCOMMUNITY, WITH GOVERNMENT AIDE, CAN BUILD AND MAKE DECENTHOUSEING FOR ITS PEOPLE-.
5. WE BELIEVE IN AN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM THAT WILL GIVE TOOUR PEOPLE A KNOWLEDGE OF SELF. IF A MAN DOES NOT HAVEKNOWLEDGE OF HIMSELF AND HIS POSITION IN SOCIETY AND THEWORLD, THEN HE HAS LITTLE CHANCE TO RELATE TO ANYTHING ELSE.
"6. WE BELIEVE THAT BLACK PEOPLE SHOULD NOT BE FORCED TO FIGHTIN THE MILITARY SERVICE TO DEFEND A RACIST GOVERNMENT THATDOSE NOT PROTECT US. WE WILL NOT FIGHT AND KILL OTHERPEOPLE OF COLOR IN THE WORLD WHO, LIKE BLACK PEOPLE, AREBEING VICTIMIZED BY THE WHITE RACIST GOVERNMENT OF AMERICA.
WE WILL PROTECT OURSELVES FROM THE FORCE AND VIOLENCEOF THE RACIST POLICE AND THE RACIST MILITARY, BY WHATEVERMEANS NECESSARY.
10SF 100-58841WJW /rlk
"7. WE BELIEVE WE CAN END POLICE BRUTALITY IN OUR BLACKCOMMUNITY BY ORGANIZING BLACK SELF DEFENSE GROUPS THAT AREDEDICATED TO DEFENDING OUR BLACK COMMUNITY FROM RACISTPOLICE OPPRESSION AND BRUTALITY. THE SECOND AMENDMENT OFTHE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES GIVES US A RICHT TOBEAR ARMS. WE THEREFORE BELIEVE THAT ALL BLACK PEOPLESHOULD ARM THEMSELVES FOR SELF DEFENSE.
"8. WE BELIEVE THAT ALL BLACK PEOPLE SHOULD BE PELEASED FROMTHE MANY JAILS AND PRISONS BECAUSE THEY HAVE NOT RECIVEDA FAIR AND IMPARTIAL TRIAL.
"9. WE BELIEVE THAT THE COURTS SHOULD FOLLOW THE UNITEDSTATES CONSTITUTION SO THAT BLACK PEOPLE WILL RECEIVE FAIRTRIALS. THE 14th AMENDMENT OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION GIVESA MAN A RIGHT TO BE TRIED BY HIS PEER GROUP. A PEER IS APERSON FROM A SIMILAR ECONOMICAL, SOCIAL, RELIGIOUS,GEOGRAPHICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, HISTORICAL AND RACIALBACKGROUND. TO DO THIS THE COURT WILL BE FORCED TO SELECTA JURY FROM TiE BLACK COMMUNITY FROM WHICH THE BLACK DEFENDENTCAME. WE HAVE BEEN, AND ARE BEING TRIED BY ALL WHITEJURIES THAT HAVE NO UNDERSTANDING OF THE 'AVERAGE REASONINGMAN' OF THE BLACK COMMUNITY.
"10. WHEN IN THE COURSE OF HUMAN EVENTS, IT BECOMES NECESSARYFOR ONE PEOPLE TO DISSOLVE THE POLITICAL. BONDS WHICH HAVECONNECTED THEM WITH ANOTHER, AND TO ASSUME AMONG THE POWERSOF THE EARTH, THE SEPARATE ANDEQUAL STATION TO WHICH THELAWS OF NATURE AND NATURE's GOD ENTITLE THEM, A DECENTRESPECT TO THE OPINIONS OF MANKIND REQUIRES THAT THEYSHOULD DELCARE THE CAUSES WHICH IMPEL THEM TO ThESEPARATION.
WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF-EVIDENT, THAT ALL MEN ARECREATED EQUAL, THAT THEY ARE ENDObJED BY THEIR CREATER WITHCERTAIN UNALIENABLE RIGHTS, THAT AMONG THESE ARE
LIFE, LIBERTY AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS. THAT TOSECURE THESE RIGHTS, GOVERNMENTS ARE INSTITUTED AMONG MEN,DERIVING THEIR JUST POWERS FROM THE CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED.--THAT WHENEVER ANY FORM OF GOVERNMENT BECOMES DESTRUCTIVE
1:
11SF 100-58841WJW/ rik
OF THESE ENDS, IT IS THE RIGHT OF PEOPLE TO ALTER OR TOABOLISH IT, AND TO INSTITUTE NEW GOVERNMENT, LAYINGITS FOUNDATION ON SUCH PRINCIPLES AND ORGANIZING ITSPOWERS IN SUCH FORM. AS TO THE_ SHALL STEM 1OST LIKELY TOEFFECT THEIR SAFETY AND HAPPINESS.
'PRUDENCE, INDEED, WILL DICTATE THAT GOVERNMENTS LONGESTABLISHED SHOULD NOT BE CHANCED FOR LIGHT AND TRANSIENTCAUSES, AND ACCORDINGLY ALL EXPERIENCE HATH SHEWN, THATMANKIND ARE M1ORE DISPOSED TO SUFFER, WHILE EVILS ARESUFFERABLE) THAN TO RIGHT THEMSELVES BY ABOLISHING THE FORMSTO WHICH THEY ARE ACCUSTOMED. BUT WHEN A LONG TRAIN OFARUSES AND USURPATIONS, PURSUING INVARIABLY THE SANE OBJECT,EVINCES A DESIGN TO REDUCE THEM UNDEF_ ABSOLUTE DESPOTISM,IT IS 'THEIR RIGHT, IT IS THEIR DUTY, TO THROW OFFSUCH GOVERJPiMET. AND TO PROVIDE NEW GUARDS FOR THEIRFUTURE SECURITY."
III. LOCATION OF HEADQUARTERS
During the period of M'arch to July, 1967, the BPPSD rentedground floor office space at 5624 Grove Street, Oakland,Califcrniia, for their headquarters and meeting place. Theorganization was forced to abandon their location because oflack of funds.
SF T-7, 4/1/67 and 7/5/67and 8/1/67
Ad of October, 1967, the BPPSD had no headquarterslocation and was no longer conducting membership meetings.
SF T-l, 10/25/67
4 0
12SF 100-58841WJW/rlk
From April through October, 1967, the BPPSD usedPost Office Box 8641, Emeryville Branch, Oakland, California,as its mailing address.
SF T-1, ll7/67
I V. PUBLICATIONS
During the period of April 25, 196 , through July 20,1967) five issues of The Black Panther - Black CommunityNews Service (The Black Panther - BCNS") official publicationof the BPPSD were published. The publication listed its mailingaddress as Post Office Box 8641, Emeryville Branch, Oakland,California, 94608, but -did not list its staff.
SF T-7, 8/1/67
On July 28, 1967, 1ISan Francisco, California,
advised that he had printed only issues number 4 and 5 of the"Black Panther - BCNS" and that the press run for the latterissue was 5,000. The BPPSD paid in eash.
V. INCORPORATION STATUS
As of October, 1967, the BPPSD was not known to havefiled papers with the Department of Ste, Sacramento, California,to become incorporated as a political organization and therewere no indications that this organization intended to file thesepapers.
SF T-1, 10/25/67 and11/7/67
VI. OFFICERS
As of early July, 1967, the Executive Committee of theBPPSD consisted of the following:
e6b7C
13SF 100-58841WJW/rlk
HUEY PERCY NEWTONMinister of Defense andTreasurer
BOBBY GEORGE SEALEChairman andBranch Captain of North Oakland
RICHARD MATSUI AOKIMinister of Education and..Branch Captain of Berkeley
GEORDE EDWIARD DOJELLBranch Captain of North Richmond
MARK EVERETT COMFORT -Branch Captain of East Oakland
LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVEREditor of Newspaper andBranch Captain of San Francisco
SF T-1, 7/11/67
California,was drawn into the BPPSD in April, 1967, whenleadership of the BPPSD chose to usel
as an example of whatthey called 'policebrutality'.
b 6SF T-1, 5/1/67 b-C
A characterization of is includedin the characterization of the Oakland Direct.Action Committee (ODAC) found in the appendix pages.
On February 27, 1967, Parole andCommunity Services Division, Region II, 69 11thStreet, San Francisco, California, advised that
18
9 -
SP 100-58841
LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, better known as ELDRIDGECLEAVER, was received in the California PrisonSystem in 1958, following conviction of assaultwith intent to commit murder and assault withdeadly weapon. Hie had previously been convictedand served time on a narcotics charge. He was placedon parole . December 12 , 1960, which wil be concludedlarch 20, 1971.
A mnimeographed leaflet captioned M>ialcolm X's IdeasStill Live announced that a memorial tribute on thesecond anniversdyof the assassination of Y.ALCOLMX would be held on February 24, 1967, at the Hall ofFlowers, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California,with ELDRIDGE CLEAVER as the main speaker.
SF T-5, 2/23/67
In the latter part of July,. 1967, both CLEAVER andhad broken away from the B:?PSD reportedly because of bdifferences with NDTON and m on the mt cf policies
and tactics. Began devotino- his time to attemptingto reactivate his organization, ODAC.
SF T-1 10/25/67
In addition to the foregoinc, a few individualswere riven paper titles" for publicity purposes. These individualshad no significant influence in this organization.
SF T-1,10/25/67
The July 3, 1967, issue of the "Black Panther -BCNS', on page 4 columns 1 and 2, contains a. photograph ofAUDRY HUDSON and identified this individual as the secretary ofthe BPPSD and a member of the Administrative Staff of thenewspaper. This article states in Dart She has fot herselftogether and enlisted in the strugg-le of.the total liberationof her people. She is a welcomed addition to the swellingranks of the Vanguard Party for the Black Liberation Struggle-.
191
b b6
SF 100-588419HJW/rlk
The May 11 19672 issue of the Berkeley DailyGazzette , Page 1, Column 4., in an Article caDtioned :BlackPanthers Hold Forth at Camoius Pally , identifies BARBARA AUTHIOR.as UC3 Student and Women's Chairman of the BPPSD. She was thespeaker at the M-ay l0, 1967, Rally at UCL to support the BPPSD.
was in May, 1967, referred to as theof the BPPSD. As a matter of fact served only
as of the BPPSD.
SF T-1. 7/11/67
As of May, 19677 was lofthe Camous Branch of the BPPSD at Merritt College. Oakland,California and was of this branch.
SF T-4, 10/20/67
VII. MEMBERSHIP DATA AND MEMBERSHIP MEETITS
As of April, 1967, the total membership of the BPPSDwas somewhere between 40 and 100. An estimated 15 memberscarried guns openly in public. It was the goal of the organizationthat each member have his own personally owned weapon for Dublicdisplay. It was recommended that handi weapons be .38 caliber orabove, and that shotguns be 12 guage. Carbines were consideredto be satisfactory weapons.
SF T-1, 5/1/67
The BPPSD discouraged dual membership and soughtnot to be identified with the Communist Party, USA the SUPJthe Progressive Labor Party (PLP), the Communist Party, USA -Marxist-Leninist, or any other organizations having 'left wingtendencies. As of Juld, 1967. there were no known members of
these named organizations who were members of the 3PPSD.P Dwas the only non--Negro known to be affiliated wIith
the BPPSD.
SF T-1, 10/25/67
20
SF 100-58841WJ'/rlk
Characterizations of the PLP and Communist Party,USA - Marxist-Leninist, are induded in the anpendixpages.
At public street meetings held from April, 1967,through June., 1967, in Alameda, Contra Costa, and San FranciscoCounties, applications for mebership were distributed to theaudience and were completed by numerous individuals. It wasestimated by leadership of the 3PPSD that at least 1,000
Daver members had been acquired through this procedure.These membership records were maintained in the personal possessionof HUEY PERCY NEWTON. The actual activist membership of theBPPSD averaged between 40 to 50 members, and at no tine duringthe period of its existence did this organization maintainnore than 100 of these 'activists-.,
SF T-1, 10/25/67
Membership cards issued by the BPPSD were signedHUEY PERCY NEWTON, Minister of Defense and bore the inscription
The spirit of the people is greater than the man's technology
SF T-1,10/25/67
At membership meeting of the BPPSD held on Aril 8,1967, at 5624 Grove Street, OaklandCalifornia., HUEY PERCYNEWTON distributed copies of a leaflet captioned Pocket Lawyerof Legal First Aid , and discussed the contents of this leafletat length.
Item #3 of this leaflet, which contains 14 items,states as follows:
Police have a right to search your car or your homeonly if they have a search warrant, probable cause,or your consent. They may conduct no exploratorysearch - that is, one for evidence of crime generally
21
17SF 100-58841VJ /rlk
or for evidence of crimes unconnected with the oneyou are being auetioned about. (Thus, a stop for anauto violation does not give the right to searchthe auto). You are not required to consent to asearch- therefore, you should not consent andstate clearly and unequivocally state your lack ofconsent, in front of witnesses if possible.If you do not consent, the police will have the
burden in court of show ing probable cause.
SF T-7, 4/11/67
On April 22, 1967, a short meeting of the EPPSDwas held at headquarters, 5624 Grove Street, Oakland, California.At this meeting, it was announced that the fatal. shooting ofDENZIL DOWELL of North Richmond, California, by a Richmond,California, Police officer following the baglary of a storeby DOWELL, was being used as a nucleus for the recruiting ofNegroes into the BPPSD. It was announced tiat a meetingfor the recruiting of new members into the BPPSD was scheduledto be held on Aril 29, 1967, at 2:00 PM ati
California, the residence of b
SF T-7, 5/3/67
On June 3, 1967, a DPPSD membership meetinT was heldat headquarters. 5624 Grove Street, Oakland, California.At this meeting. H1UEY NETITON spoke on the importance of obtain-ing firearms and the desirability of each member keeping hisown weapon in his home. he also spoke of plans to obtainproperty for new headquarters in the North Richmond area.Eight Negro males and two Hegro females were present at thismeeting.
SF T-7, 6/6/67
SF T-7, 7/12/67 I6b7Cb7D
SF T-7, 6/l/67
In view of the fact that the headquarters officelocated at 5624 Crove Street, Oakland, had been closed, theBPPSD on the nightof August 21, 1967, met at the BosnsLocker,5817Shattuck, Oakland, Califrria, with approximately 15 persons inattendance. The meeting had been called by HUEY NjETON becausehe was alarmed over the informatLon that the Richmond Branch-of the BPPSD, formerly regarded by NEW TON to be a strong-holdof the BPPSD, had not held meetinps for approximately three weeks.NEWTON indicated that the activities of the DPPSD were at a lowlevel at that time, due mainly to the fact that some of its bmembership, including were incarcerated. b7C
SF T-1, 8/28/67
The BPP5D ceased to be active as an organization inlate August, 1967, but HUEY NEWTON carried on in the name ofthe organization by making speeches at various locations in theSan Francisco Bay Area.
SF T-1, 10/25/67 and11/7/67
23
On July 1, l967,I
On July 29, 1967,
SF 100-58841rJW/rk
19SF 100-58841
Records of the Sacramento, California, Police Depart-ment, disclose that at approximately 12:00 Noon on Mav 2, 1967.a crouD of 24 Negrro males, identifying themselves as merbcrsof the T2PPSD, made a potest march and appearance at theCalifornia State Capital, Sacramrento,California. The purposeof their appearance was to protest an assembly bill beingintroduced on that date by Assemblyman DONALD HULFORD. Thebill being introduced by Assemblyman MULFORD prohibitsinstruction in the use of firearms for the commission of thecrime of riot. It further prohibits the carrying of a loadedfirearm on ones person in a public street or within a publicplace within any city. The legislation provides for specified exclusions, suchas police officers., members of the armed forces,and certain guards.
Upon arriving at the capital, ono :;roup, composedof approximately 12 men, went to the Assemb'y Chambers on thesecond floor of the capital building. This group was armedwith rifles, shotguns, and hand guns. Tne -roup forced itsway past two Sergeants-At-Arms and entered the floor of theAssembly Chamber, which is closed to the public and is so posted.The group was removed from the Assembly Chambers by member ofthe State Police and Sergeants-At-Arms.
Shortly after leaving the capital building, theentire group congregated at a street corner in Sacramento,California, in possession of loaded weapons and 24 Negro menwere arrested by the Sacramento Police Department officers.Twelve firearms, consisting of four hand guns, five rifles,and three shotguns were confiscated.
The group was taken to the Sacrament City Jail andeach individual was charged with violation of Section 182.1 ofthe California Penal Code.wid is conspiracy, the specific chargein this instance being conspiracy to commit a misdemeanor(disturbing the State Assembly while in session), which is aviolation of the California Penal Code.
24
20SF 100-58841NJU/rlk
On May 2, 1967, a Municipal Court Judge set bond oneach individual at $2,200.00. Two individuals made bond. Therest remained in custody and all were arraigned at M1funiciDalCourt on the sa-me date.
The following individuals were arrested and were thusidentified as being members of the BPPSD:
date of birthI IResidence rCII #1 1
Date of BirthResidence:CiI #1
JOakland,California
|Okland California
Date of Birth!ResidenceCII M
j Oakland, California
ELDRIDGE CLEAVERDate of Birth August 31, 1935Residence: 301 Broadway, San Francisco, CaliforniaCII l715185FBI #214830D
Date of BirthI IResidence-
CII #Oakland, California
Oakland, California
b7C
IDate of BirthResidence-,CII "1FBI #f
9
22SF 100-58841J/rlk
Date of Birth I10akland, California
BOBBY JAMES HUTTONDate of Birth April 21, 1950Residence: 89& 56th Street, Oakland,CaliforniaCII #3233969
Date of BirthResidenceCII #|FBI
Date of Birth I
Richmond. California
Residence-CII #I
IDate of BirthResidence-CII #FBI #
Date of BirthiResidence:CII #'FBI #
j Oakland, California
)akland, California
Berkeley, California
Residence -C II #F
1 I
,
I
to
23SF 100-58841WJ! / rlk
IDate of BirthResidence,CII #FBI #
Date of BirthResidence|CII #FBI #
BornResidence:CII #1
Oakland, California
Dakland, California
Oakland, California
Records of the Oakland Police Department, as reviewedon October 20, 1967, and November 3, 1967, disclosed that thefollowing individuals, in addition to those above-mentioned,are suspected members of the BPPSD:
Date of Birth|Residence:
Date of iJirthCII IFBI W[
(place not given)Oakland California,
_ (place not given)
b_-2
b7C
Residenccr I Albany, CaliforniaOakland Police Department (OPD) #|Operator's License [Social Security NumberI
25SF 100-58841WJW /rlk
b67o
b7C
Residence I ]Berkeley, CaliforniaCII #|Operator's license |
|lso known as f. and faresuspected members of the EPPSD in the RichmondCalifornia,area.
SF T-8, 8/3/67
The DPPSD has been accepted as of Mlay 31, 1967, asan inter--club Council Ilember at Merritt College, Oakland. Theirfaculty advisor is .isand Iis eetings areibld at 11:00 AIon Tuesday and Thursdays in Rooa B- . A $3.00 membership feeis requested, but Dersons will be aLllowed to join for 504 ifthey do not have the $3.00.
Persons who signed up as of May 31, 1967, are asfollows
30
SF 100-58841WJW/erg
VIII. POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
In April, 1967 sale of the small red book entitled"Quotations of Chairman MAO Tse-tung" was conducted principallyto raise funds for the BPPSD. Copies of this book werepurchased from the New China Bookstore in San Francisco.The members do not comprehend the complexities and detailsof the Maoist philosophy and teachings. Communist or Marxistmaterial and literature was not used at membership meetingsfor distribution or educational purposes. The BPPSD doesnot advocate communism or socialism but does oppose the exist-ing social and economic order as it does not live up totheir expectations and desires in racial matters.
SF T-15/1/67
The political philosophy of the BPPSD is a synthesisor amalgamation of the ideas and thoughts advanced by suchleaders as Chairman MAO Tse-tung of Comunist China, MALCOLMX LITTLE, Founder of the OAAU and ROBERT F. WILLIAMS ofthe Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM), and also well knownformer militant Negro writers as FRANTZ FANON MARCUS GARVEYand W. E. B. Du Bois. Onlv HUEY PERCY 6NEWTON andF__ were fully informed on thepolitical philosophies of the organization. With thepossible exception of ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, San Francisco BranchCaptain of BPPSD, none of the other activist members appearedto be knowledgeable of or interested in the political philoso-phies of the organization as expounded by the top leadership.
SF T-110/25/67
The July 20, 1967 issue of the BPPCNS on page 4,columns 4 and 5 contains an article captioned "Black Panthersand Hunter's Point" by BOBBY SEALE. This article states inpart as follows:
"The Black Panther Party for Self Defense wasinvited to a local federally.funded Poverty Program
4 6'
SF 100-58841WJW/e rg
"in Hunter's Point on July10, 1967 whereI addressed some 200 black brothers andsisters ranging in age from 14 to 30 atFremont Grammar School...
"It was explained to the black youth thatwe have been miseducated. about whatpolitics really is. That politics is warwithout bloodshed and war is politics withbloodshed, and that our blood is beingshed daily simply because black peoplehave certain political desires and needs.Politics is related to the adverse conditionsthat we are subjected to. I explainedto the black brothers and sisters thatpolitics starts with hungry stomachs,dilapidated housing, murder and brutaltreatment by racist cops, unfair treat-ment received in the courts, the way blackmen are drafted into the military forcesand are forced to fight other coloredpeople of the world who, as brotherSTOKELY CARMICHAEL says, 'have never calledus nigger'.
"....and now this racist dog invites,lures, and forces black people to fightin a maiming, murderous, genocidal waragainst people of the world while theracist police in Hunters Point and inour black communities throughoutAmerica are murdering and slaughteringblack people.
"....when a black revolutionary startspreparing his people, he must let thepeople know in what direction they aregoing.... It was explained to the brothersthat they as youth who have been resistingoppression across this country must developa tactic and unite around something
SF 100-58841WJW/erg
"Tractical and that the only practicalthing that a people can unite around toseek their liberation is the gun...that the party understands the necessityoffuniting around the gun, armingourselves in self-defense in all ,reasof racist oppression...
"When black people cause political conse-quences because we do not receive what wewant, then we are dealing in real politics...
"...the only thing that we can do now,brothers and sisters, is to get our gunsorganized, forget the Ins and shoot itOut. Organize with the tactics to be taughtby the Black Panther Party for Self Defense...But our goals...is simply to drive this racistdog, the racist policeman out of ourcommunities...and while we are survivingeveryday in our struggle remember when yourip something off, steal from the white man,snatch up whatever you can, you are dealingwith real politics...Black people and realpolitical consequences will change thisracist decadent system."
IX. SPEECHES AND WRITINGS
A. HUEY PERCY NEWTON
The June 20, 1967 issue of the BPPCNS on page 3,columns 1 through 5 carries an article entitled "InDefense of Self Defense" by HUEY P. NEWTON, Minister ofDefense, which states in part as follows:
"....The black people in America are theonly people who can free the world, loosenthe yolk of colonialism and destroythe war machine. As long as the wheels ofthe imperialist war machine. are turning,
SF 100-58841WJW/erg
"there is no country that can defeat thismonster of the west. But black people canmake a malfunction of this machine fromwithin. Black people can destroy themachinery that is enslaving the world.America cannot stand to fight eve v blackcountry in the world and fight a civil warat the same time. It is militarilyimpossible to do both these things atonce.
"The slavery of blacks in this countryprovides the oil for the machinery of warthat America uses to enslave the .peoplesof the world. Without this oil the machinerycannot function. We are the driving shaft,we are in such a strategic position inthis machinery that once we become dis-located, the functioning of the machinerybreaks down."
The July20, 1967 issue of the BPPCNS onpage 3, columns 1 through 5, contains an article captioned"The Correct. Handling of a Revolution" by Minister ofDefense, HUEY P. NEWTON, which states in part as follows:
"....At this time the black masses are mishandlingthe resistance in this regard.
"The Vanguard Party must provide leadership forthe peoph. It must teach the correctstrategic methods of prolonged resistancethrough literature and activities. If theactivities of the party are respected by thepeople, .the people will follow the example. Thisis the primary job of the party. Thisknowledge will probably be gained second-hand,by the imasses...When the people learn that itis no longer advantageous for them to resistby going to the streets in large numbers
U
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land when they see the advantage in theactivities of the guerilla warfare method,they will quickly follow this example...When the Vanguard group destroys themachinery of the oppressor by dealing with himin small groups of three and four and thenescapes the might of the oppressor,the masses will be overjoyed and willadhere to this correct strategy. When themasses hear. that a gestapo policeman hasbeen executed while sipping coffee at acounter, and the revolutionary executionersfled without being traced, the masses willsee the validity of this type of approach toresistance.
"The party must exist above ground as long asthe dog power structure will allow, andhopefully when the party is forced to gounderground the message of the party willalready have been put across to the people.The vanguard party's activities on the surfacewill necessarily be short-lived. This iswhy it is important that the party make atremendous impact upon the people before itis driven into secrecy.
"...If the Chinese revolution is investi-gated it will be seen that the CommunistParty was quite on the surface so thatthey would be able to muster support fromthe masses....A revolutionary must realizethat if he is sincere, death is imminent dueto the fact that the things he is saying anddoing are extremely dangerous. Without thisrealization, it is impossible to proceed asa revolutionary. The masses are constantlylooking for a guide, a Messiah, to liberatethem from the hands of the oppressor....it isof prime importance that the vanguard party
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"develop a political organ such as a news-paper produced by the party as well as employstrategically revolutionary art anddestruction of the oppressor's machinery...
"The Black Panther Party for Self Defenseteaches that in the final analysis the amountof guns and defense weapons, such as hand-grenades, bazookas, and other necessaryequipment, will be supplied by taking theseweapons from the power structure, as exemplifiedby the Viet Cong".
In early June, 1967 HUEY NEWTON stated that theBPPSD was going to set up a Republic of Free People (ROFP)in North Richmond, California. He said it would be a citywithin a city and would be more or less of an asylum forpeople who want to be free within the United States orCalifornia. He declared that there would be ROFP sitesthroughout the United States. That they would protect theirown cities and that any police officers in their area wouldbe arrested by the BPPSD. He said they would shoot it outwith any police officers that harass our people anywherenear the area of the ROFP. NEWTON stated he was going toLos Angeles, California one weekend in June (1967) toorganize another BPPSD. SF T-5 on 6/13/67
The Sunday, August 6, 1967 edition of the New YorkTimes beginning on page 6, contains a feature articlecaptured "The Goal of the Black Panthers" by SOL STERN,Assistant Managing Editor of Ramparts Magazine. Thisarticle quotes the leaders of the BPPSD on their philosophiesof violence and revolution against the white power structurethey charge is suppressing them. This article states inpart as follows:
"HUEY NEWTON provided a 15 minute .capsulehistory of the Negro struggle in America, andthen begins to relate it to the worldrevolution and the example of the peopleof Vietnam..black people can learn lessonsfrom the fight of the Vietnamese, NEWTONcontinues; Black people in America also must
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"arm themselves for self defense against thesame racist army. 'Every time you canexecute a white racist gestapo co -.you aredefending yourself', he concludes."
The aforementioned article on pagc 4, column 3continues as follows:
"Following street rally in North Richmondon Saturday afternoon in late June, 1967,NEWTON was asked whether the talk at ralliesabout killing cops is serious, NEWTON repliesit is very serious. Then why, he is asked,stake everything, including the lives of thepanthers, on the killing of a couple of cops?'It won't be just a couple of cops'he says
'when the time comes, it will be part of awhole national coordinated effort.' Is hewilling to kill a cop? Yes, he answers,and when the time comes he is willing to die,what does he think is going to happen tohim 'I am going to be killed...."
The July 3, 1967 issue of the BPPCNS onpage 7, columns 5 and 6 contains -the following article:
"CIUNS The weapons reccommended by the BlackPanther Party for Self Defense are as follows:
"GUNS BABY GUNS
1) Army 15 Army 45 will stopall jive
2) Carbine3) 12 guage magnum shotguns Buckshts will down
- with.18" barrell. copsPreferably the brand ofHigh Standard P38 will open
4) M16 Prison gates5) 357 Magnum pistols Carbine will stop
a war machine
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"6) P 38 357 will win us our heaven
And if you don't believe inlead, you are already dead
"BY MINISTER OF DEFENSE HUEY P.NEWTON"
At 3:15 pm on September 4, 1967, HUEY NEWTON asMinister of Defense BPPSD spoke at a session of the BlackAction Conference, Ravenswood High School, East Palo Alto,California to a group of about 100. He said that the blackman must use whatever means he has for protection; the"honkie" cop must be stopped from going into homes and usingbrutality on colored people. NEWTON also said "If thesituation continues in this country, the Negro will be inrevolution with 'honkies'." He said the purpose of theBPPSD is to protect the blacks now in revolution.
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The October 31, 1967 issue of "The Gator", SanFrancisco State College student newspaper on page 1, columns1 through 3 contains an article captioned "Panther's NewtonSpeaks...then" which is set forth as follows:
"by STEVE TOOMAJIAN
"To preserve any culture you have to havestrength. You have to have the gun. If youdon't, your adversary will bring in his gunsand impose his culture on you.
"The police are in the black community only tocontain us.
"As long as an act is revolutionary, it cannotbe regarded as a crime.
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"No one risks his life if he doesn't need to.
"These are the words of HUEY NEWTON, spoken atSF State a day before he allegedly killed anOakland policeman Saturday.
"Little is known about the pre-dawn gunfight,other than the most obvious result s.
"NEWTON lies wounded and in satisfactorycondition in Oakland's Highland Hospital,wounded policeman HERBERT HEANES remains inserious condition in Oakland's Kaiser Hospital,and patrolman JOHN FREY lies dead in an Oaklandmortuary.
"It is no secret that Oakland police keep aclose watch on NEWTON, the 25-year oldminister of defense for the Black PantherParty for Self Defense.
"In NEWTON's Friday Gallery Lounge addressbefore 300 people, the Panther leader expressedthe need for black people to defend their ownneighborhoods, and to resist by force theauthority of police.
"He and nearly 40 other weapon carrying Panthershave sporadically patrolled the Bay Area'sblack communities, in addition to a forayinto the State Legislature. '
"The Panthers believe talk has achievedalmost nothing for the black man. Physicalforce, t-ey say, is the only language whichcan make the white power structure react.
"No one knows for sure whether HUEY NEWTONactually murdered the Oakland policemanSaturday. No one knows if there were anyincidents in that particular situation whichwould have made him want to kill a cop."
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B. BOBBY GEORGE SEALE
The aforementioned New York Times article datedAugust 6, 1967, on page 13, column.5, states that at astreet meeting of the BPPSD at Potrero Hill, San Francisco,on Saturday afternoon at the end of June, 1967, BOBBYSEALE stated in part as follows:
"Black people can't just mass on the streetsand riot. Thaid just shoot us down.Instead, it is necessary to organize insmall groups to 'take care of business'. The'business' includes among other things'executing racist cops'."
The September 11, 1967 issue of the BerkeleyDaily Gazette on page 1,column 4, contains an articleentitled "Black Panthers Hold Forth at Campus Rally" whichstates in part as follows:
"SEALE said the Panthers 'are not out to killwhite people. If I catch a cop in mycommunity brutalizing any of my people, I'mgoing to kill him. We're gonna wipe such catsout'.1"
At a BPPSD rally held at Sproul steps, UCB onMay 10, 1967, BOBBY SEALE, Chairman of the BPPSD statedin part that the BPPSD was designed to protect blackpeople from racist cops and that if he saw a cop hit one ofhis black brothers he would kill him.
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X. CONNECTIONS WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
A. SNCC
A mimeographed leaflet distributed in San Franciscoin May, 1967 announced that "The Black Arts Alliance" was on
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Thursday, May 25, 1967 sponsoring a benefit for the BlackPanther Party for Self Defense at the Fillmore Auditorium,1805 Geary Boulevard, San Francisco, and that the speakerswould be as follows: HUEY P. NEWTON, Minister of Defensefor BPPSD, STOKELY CARMICHAEL,. Former Chairmaan of SNCC andLEROI JONES, black playwrite and poet.
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STOKELY CARMICHAEL spoke at the aforementionedevent sponsored by the Black Arts Alliance at 1805 GearyBoulevard, San Francisco on May 2E, 1967 which was a fundraising event for the BPPSD. CARMICHAEL spoke on organizationas the only means by which the government can be overthrown.He said that in four years several of the major cities inthis country will have black majorities in control.
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The July 3, 1967 issue of the BPPCNS on page 7,columns 1 through 5 contains an article captioned "STOKELYDrafted by BPPSD", which states that on June 29, 1967, BOBBYSEALE, Chairman of the BPPSD called a press conference onthe steps of the San Francisco Hall of Justice. Standingbefore the television cameras he unrolled a scroll and beganto read. The scroll which he read appears in full on page6 of this issue and is being set forth verbatim as follows:
"BLACK PANTHER PARTY FOR SELF DEFENSE
"HEADQUARTERS: OAKLAND CALIFORNIA
"EXECUTIVE MANDATE NO. 2
"So Let This Be Heard...
"Brother Stokely Carmichael:
"Because you have distinguished yourself in the struggle for thetotal liberation of Black People from oppression in racistwhite America;
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"Because you have acted courageously and shown great fortitudeunder the most adverse circumstances;
"Because you have proven yourself as a truI revolutionaryguided by a great feeling of love for our people;
"Because you have set such a fine example, in the traditionof Brother MALCOLM, of dedicating your entire life to thestruggle of Black Liberation, inspiring our youth and providinga model for others to emulate;
"Because you have refused to serve in the oppressor'sracist mercenary aggressive war machine, showing that youknow who your true friends and enemies are;
"Because of your new endeavor to organize and liberate theCrown Colony of Washington, D.C., you will inevitably beforced to confront, deal with, and conquer the racistWashington Police Department which functions as the protectorof the racist dog power structure, occupying the BlackCommunity in the same manner and for the same reasons thatthe racist U.S. Armed Forces occupy South Vietnam;
"You are hereby drafted into the Black Panther Party forSelf Defense, invested with the rank of Field Marshall,delegated the following authority, power and responsibility:
"To establish revolutionary law, order andjustice in the territory lying between theContinental Divide East to the AtlanticOcean; North of the Mason-Dixon Line to theCanadian Border; South of the Mason-DixonLine to the Gulf of Mexico.
"...So Let It Be Done: HUEY P. NEWTON,June 29, 1967 Minister of Defense"
B. Communist Party (CP)
On May 7, 1967 ROSCOE PROCTOR attended a meetingof the Northern California District CP (NCDCP) in San Francisco,
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California and at this meeting was elected to serve asChairman of the Negro Commission of the NCDC . There was along discussion of the BPPSD and the controv rsial activistsof that organization. PROCTOR was instructed. "to dealwith the BPPSD, but not officially" and to r port backto the Negro Commission. He further was ins ructed toinform the BPPSD that with regard to the pol.ical chargesagainst them the members of the CP will on an individualbasis assist in their defense, but that the CP does notsupport their program and policies. PROCTOR was furtherinstructed to handle this matter in a manner which wouldpreclude the BPPSD from tying the CP in as supporting theorganization in any public announcement. Also PROCTOR wastold to inform the BPPSD that any unofficial help woulddepend on their pledge to desist from creating any furtherdisturbances, referring to the May 2, 1967 "invasion" of theBPPSD of the California State Legislative Assembly, Sacramento,California.
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At the May 21, 1967 meeting of the NCDCP NegroCommission held in Berkeley, California, it was stated thatthough the BPPSD had received no advice from the CP thatorganization now wanted the CP to help defend it. Accordingto PROCTOR the BPPSD had no money and had not themselvestalked to any lawyers about their defense on conspiracycharges arising out of the arrest of members of that organi-zation on May 2, 1967 at Sacramento, California. PROCTOR saidthat he had personally talked to an attorney about theirdefense on the polical charges of conspiracy. PROCTORlearned that in the opinion of the attorney the case againstthe BPPSD members would be a long drawn out matter with over$20,000 in attorney's fees involved.
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The July 20, 1967 issue of the BPPCNS on page 6,column 3 states in part:
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"ROSCOE PROCTOR, the Comnissar of the BlackGhetto is the Communist Party's number 1boy in the Bay Area. When he discoveredhe would not be able to dictate to theBlack Panther Party and to turn the party andthe Sacramento case into a tool for the CPhe began to do everything he could to foulthe party up. ROSCOE lives in a palacialmansion in Berkeley, just as many of the fatcats on the left have grown rich off thesuffering of the masses, particularly theblack masses."
The Black Panthers refused to promise or guaranteethat they would make no public trouble until after their caseis settled as had been requested by ROSCOE PROCTOR in hiscontacts with them. The BPPSD also wanted a defensecommittee in their name to raise noney to defend all aspectsof their case and to defend them in any future charges whichmight arise. The CP position as of June 1967 was that theCP would not in any way be involved with the BPPSD. TheNCDCP Negro Commission stood between the CP and the dealingswith the BPPSD in an effort to afford help on the politicalcharges. The proposition from the Negro Commission was notaccepted. Therefore, no money was to be raised for the BPPSDby the CP.
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C. Socialist Workers Party (SWP)
The July 20, 1967 issue of the BPPCNS on page 6,column 3, contains an article captioned "White 'MotherCountry' Radicals", which states as follows:
"PETE CAMEJO and BOB HIMMEL, the two white men whoare in principal control of the Socialist Workers Party intheBay Area, also tryed to threaten the Panthers. They are thefirst ones to show up at any mass function in the black
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corrmunity. They will place themselves in a; conspicuousposition, spread out their tables covered wi b blackliterature and turn on their brotherly smiles. The truthis they are nothing but pretty bourgeis profiteers. Whatthey want is to drain off money from the bla k community tohelp finance their tiddley winks politics in the whitecommunity. But from the point of view of the black community,these groups are performing the same function that thelandlords and small store owners perform in the blackcommunity...They are bloodsuckers".
is of the SanFrancisco Branch of the SWP andl Ib7C
lis of the Oakland-BerkeleyBranch of the SWP.
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D. Black Panther Party of Northern California,San Francisco (BPPNC)
In April, 1967 members cf the BPPSD met with membersof the BPPNC, San Francisco to discuss the possible mergerof the two organizations. In May, 1967 the BPPNC sent aletter to the BPPSD criticizing that organization for theirinvasion of the California State Legislative Assembly,Sacramento, on May 2, 1967 and referring to this incidentas "adventurism". The BPPSD took offense at this letterand approximately 25 to 30 members of the BPPSD went to SanFrancisoand attacked members of the BPPNC who were meetingat the "Black House", 1711 Broderick Street, San Francisco,California. Two members of the BPPNC were quite seriouslyinjured on this occasion and there were no additional dis-cussions of merger between these two organizations.
The BPPNC is a militant black nationalistorganization which has held meetings at1211 Scott Street, San Francisco, Califcrniaand has referred to itself as a culturalorganizational rather than a politicalorganization and has designed its programto appeal to the intellectual group ofblack militants.
SF T-17/11/67
E. Black Panther Party of California, Inc. (BPPC)(Los Angles)
In the Spring of 1967 of the Black PantherParty of California, Inc., also known as Black Panther Partyof Los Angeles, visited leaders of the BPPSD in Oakland,California and discussed with them a proposed merger of the b6BPPC and the BPPSD into a state-wide political organization. b7CThis roal was made by m . Later HUEY PERCY NEWTONand of the BPPSD went to Los Angeles andascertained thatI had only eight members in the BPPCrather than the 100 membership he claimed. Contact betweenthese two organizations was thereafter terminated.
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The records of the Secretary of State,State of California, Sacramento,California disclose that on or aboutJune 14, 1967 the BPPC filed Articles ofIncorporation with the State ofCalifornia as a non profit corporation.The purpose for which this organizationwas formed is stated in part as follows:
"B. Develop a political power for theblack community held together andreenforced by cultural identity whichis enhanced by political successes...
"E. Make political alliances and/orcoalitions with groups which tacticallyand/or strategically can benefit thecommunity in terms of representation and/orpower...The principal office for thptransaction of the business of thiscorporation is to be located in theCounty of Los Angeles, State ofCalifornia."
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XI. GENERAL ACTIVITIES AND INCIDENTS
A review of some of the Field Contact Renortsof the Oakland, California, Police Department disclosinginformation concerning the activities of leaders and membersof the BPPSD during the early stages of the existence of thisorganization, as set forth as follows
On December 4 1966. HUEY PERCY NE 1TON,. oDeratcr' slicense K 12q266: land
were questioned by anofficer of the Oakland Police Department at 1912 16th AvenueOakland, California. NENTON was driving a 1958 Volkswagen,bearing California licensed [ registered toAt this time NEWTON vwas carrying a loaded weapon with clip andasserted that he was carrying this weapon Because of the whitebeast . NEUTON claimed police harrassment when his identificationwas requested.
On January 12, 1967, HUEY PECY NEWTON, 881 47thStreet: and Oakland, California,were observed departing from 562I Grove Street, OaklandCalifornia, the headquarters of the BPPSD, carrying a carbinerifle and a .38 caliber pistol. 'hen questioned by an officerof the Oakland Police Department, they identified themselves asmembers of the BPPSD. No arrest was made because the weaponswere carried in plain view.
On March 4, 1967, H IiUEY PERCY NEWTONandAlbany, California, were questioned by an officer of the OaklandPolice Department, following a minor traffic accident. At this
tim was wearing an automatic pistol slung over hisshoulder in a black holster. The Oakland Police Officer indicatedat this time NENTON was very much agitated and attempted tocause trouble.
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The February 25, 1967, issue of the Berkeley Barb,a weekly newsDaDer published in Berkeley. California on Dageone, column one, carried an article captioned Armed PanthersHere - Black Power Joins Left which stated in part thatapproximately 300 Berkeley High School students attended a rallyTuesday noon (February 21, 1967) and that the rally had beenheld in spite of police threats to ban the meeting. This articlestated further that ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, Ramoart's Staff Writer andChairman of the Bay Area Afro--American Unity Steering Committee,Called for the building of MALCOLM X organizations all over theBlack American Ghettos and territory. CLEAVER alcso reportedlysated if MALCOLM X can die, we can die. He are proud to beblack and we don't hide behind our women. One day it will beMolotov Cocktails next, hand grenades and bullets. If wecan't have our freedom then white America will die,.
The aforementioned article continued in part as followsAs if to underscore this noint, the next speaker wore a pistol
in holster on his belt. He was HUEY NEW2TON of the 3aklanadBlack Panther Party for Self Defense. 'You have allowed youselfto become black peoDle with a white mind' he said. 'Black isright and you can turn this around with this concept . NEWTONpointed out, patting his pistol, 'we have this,, but you can'tfight with just guns. The next sten is to go out into theblack community and organize for your needs. If we don't getthem, then we can dissolve this union of America".
On April 12, 1967, Inspector| IRichmond,California, Police Department advised that representatives of theBPPSD had recently attended a meeting of the Negro activistsof the Richmond, California !egro community, and that at thismeeting, all agreed that a confrontation with the white popula- b6tion on any issue must be obtained to stimulate enthusiasun on b7cNegro rights matters.
On April 18, 1967. Inspector advised that onApril 17, 1967, Council ofCommunity Service, Office of Economic Opportunity, 336 6th Street,
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Richumond, requested that Contra Costa County District AttorneyJOHN NEJEDLEY meetwith him on that date to Giscuss idifficulty in connection with racial inatters .
Inspector made the observation that recently aNegro by the name of DENZIL DO>ELL had been shot and killed by aContra Costa County Deputy Sheriff. while in, the act of burslarizinga residence. A coroners inquest on April 113, 1967, ruledthat the deputy's action was justifiable homicide.
According to Ins ector District AttorneyNEJEDLEY met with | |and unannounced there appeared sevenrepresentatives of the BPPSD, all armed with firearms, shotguns,rifles, and bandoliers of ammunition. There were no difficultiesand NEJEDLEY felt that the purpose of the visit was to flauntthe fact that there was no legal ordnance restricting the carry-ing of firearms when carried in open view.
i 1 On April 19, 1967, Inspector advised that onA~ril 18, 1967, representatives of the BPPSD p-articiated in aprotest demonstration by Negroes of the Richmond communityregarding the spanking of a Nepro -junior high school student atthe Helms Junior High School, Richmond, by a white teacher.One of the leaders, believed to be waswearing a pistol in a shoulder holster on this occasion.
On April 21, 1967. Sergeant t . IntelligenceUnit, Oakland Police Department, advised that early on thenight of April 18, 1967, five Negroes. all in their early 20'sand all dressed in three quarter length jackets of black leather,purchased a Hi Standard 129 pump riot shotgun, model K 1200L06,from a store in Berkeley, California. The person who tookpossession of the Tun was IUEY PERCY NEWTON, 811 47th Street,Oakland.
Sergeant further advised that the records ofthe Oakland Police Department, Crime Report il8886, disclosedthat approximately 9*40 PM. on the same night, April 18, 1967,an officer of the Oakland Police Department, was seated in a
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marked police car at 53th and Dover Street, Oakland, and noticeda 1954, four door white over green Chevrolet sedan, Californialicense LTD 687, as it passed slowly by him. The officer observedtwo occupants in the front seat and saw that the passenger washolding a shotgun in anupright position. The officer put on hisred light and siren, stopped this car, and requested the driverto get out. The driver refused and asked Am I under arrest?After the officer responded, 'No, not at the moment.', the driveragain refused to get out of the car as instructed. When theofficer opened the car door, the driver then grabbed the shotgunfrom the passenger and got out of the car. When the officerasked to be handed the shotgun, the driver refused, stating,'This is my property and I have a right to carry it. Thedriver then walked over to the south curb and held the gun atport arms and began shouting in a loud voice, Here is a whitebigot, we have the right to bear arms, gather around my people-.During this tEme, the passenger was unloading a .q5 caliber auto-matic, which he had holstered to his right side outside of hisclothing.
The aforementioned report further disclosed that afterother units of the Oakland Police Department arrived, includinga photography-technician, the driver produced identifying datawhich revealed him to be HUEY N4EWTON and the passenger Droduced bEidentification which dislcosed him to be b'cAn unarmed passenger in the rear seat of the car identifiedhimself as BO3BY HUTTON, age 16, 898 56th Street, Oakland.At the time of this incident, adult classes at nearby MerrittCollege were lettingout and NEWTON shouted to the homewardbound students -We are out here to protect you from the babykillers-.
After talking briefly about how a young NerTro had beenmortally wounded by a Deputy Sheriff in North Richmond, California,NEWJTON invited those assembled to attend the next meeting ofthe BPPSD on the following Saturday night. He said that he
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would teach them how to use guns so they co6ld kill the fascistpolice. NETWTON kept asking for someone in the crowd to getahold of the newspapers andtelevision stations.
The Anril 30, 1967) issue o.f the San Francisco SundayExaminer and Chronicle on Page 4, Columns 4 through 3, carriedan article entitled The Gun Wearing 'Black Panthers' with aphotograph of BOBBY GEOPRE SEALE wearing a bolstered Distoloutside of his leather jacket and -UEY NEWTON carrying a shotgunat Dort arms Dosition and wearing a bandolier of shotgun shells.Beneath the photograph appears the statement 'They make nobones about being anti-white or about being revolutionary'.This article states in part as follows:
"A dozen armed Black Panthers appeared in Martineza week ago Thursday to protect to Contra CostaCounty Sheriff Walter Young about what they callthe murder' of a young Negro burglar suspect in NorthRichmond. The confrontation ended with no decision --
and with no guns being fired.
Yesterday, they held a quiet outdoor meeting inNorth Richmond to discuss the same shooting.
Some 150 Negroes listened as leaders of the groupstood atop autos to make speeches and armed guardskept away all whites. The speakers reportedlyadvised the crowd what to do regarding allegedpolice brutality.
"While Contra Costa County Deputies kept an eyeon the gathering from a helocopter, no action wastaken on the ground.; since a Sheriff's spokesmansaid 'the" Black Panthers broke no laws and displayedtheir weapons orenly.1-'
The May 2, 1967, invasion of the California StateLegislative Assembly by a group or individuals stating themselvesto be members of the DPPSD has been set forth in the section ofMembership and Meetings, and will not be restated here.
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Records of the Oakland Police Department contain thefollowing information:
ON May 22, 1967, three members of the Black PantherParty for Self Defense, HUEY P. NEWTON, and
were arrested by the Oakland, California, PoliceDepartment. Oakland p-olice officers were in estigatingq acomplaint alleging that juveniles were observed with a sawed-off shotgun in North Oakland. Investigating officers locatedthe juveniles reported, who ran into a house upon sighting thepolice officers. Investigating officers entered and searchedthe house in order to locate the juveniles and the reportedshotgun. .While the officers were still investigating the comDlaint,IEWTON. land arrived and accosted the officers.
NEWTON had a dagger with a 9 and 1/2 inch blade inhis hands which he shook in the face of one of the officersand asserted that the officer's throat was going to be slit.m was carrying a-.45 caliber semi-automatic pistol. HUEYNEWTON was charged with disturbing the peace, displaying adeadly weapon in a threatening; manner, Dossession of a knifewith a blade in excess of 3 and 1/2 inchesand use of profanity.
was charged with disturbing the peace and usingrofanity. f was charred with violation of the Oakland
Municipal Code - Carrying a Deadly Weapon.
and NEWTON were all released onbail on the afternoon of MIay 22, 1967. The dagger and .145caliber pistol were seized as evidence. The three membersof the BPPSD will be arraigned in Oakland :IuniciIal Court on themorning of May 23; 1967.
On the afternoon of May 22, 1967. members of theBPPSD congregated at the public entrance to the Oakland CityJail on Broadway between Sixth and Seventh Streets. Twomembers of this group carried firearms consisting of oneshotgun and one semi-automatic pistol of small caliber andforeign manufacture. These weapons were taken from the BlackPanthers on orders of Deputy Chief of Police BROWN. The weaponswere emptied of ammunition and returned tothe Black Panthermembers
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On the morning of 1ay 23, 1967, in the Oakland., CaliforniaHu'"crilal Court of Judge ATI PUIHUEY P. NEW-TON,I
Iand appeared for arraignment. Theseindividuals were accompanied by other members of the BlackPanther Party for Self Defense who were bearing firearms.Judge PULICH ordered the entire group to leave the courtroom.
After the Black Panther grouD had departed from thecourtroom, Oakland police ascertained that two members of thegroup were carrying shotguns with barrels of illegal length.
and BOBBY LUTTON were arrested for possession ofillegal firearms, Dail was set at $3,300 for I U UTTON isa juvenile.
At 3:30 AM, May 24, 1967, Officers of the OaklandPolice Department arrested | Iat his residence,
was arrestedon authority of a warrant issued by Judge HARTIN PULICH,Oakland Nunicipal Court. The warrant charges violation of PenalCode, Section 4574. in that he carried a loaded firearm in orabout the Oakland City Jail on May 22, 1967. Bail for mhas been set at $3 300.00. He will appear for arraiment inOakland Municipal Court on May 25, 1967.
On July 6. 1967, Sergeanta IntelligenceUnit, Oakland, California Police Department, advised thatcommencing at 12,30 PM on July 5, 1967, a rally sponsored bythe EPPSD was held on the library steps of Herritt College, 5714Grove Street, Oakland, California, to demand a ;black curriculum<at Marritt College and to urge the hiring of additional Negroinstructors at that college. Two of the speakers were: HUEYPERCY NEWTON, Minister of Defense, BPPSD, and SIDNEY WALTON,Negro counselor at Merritt College, who is the faculty sponsorof the BPPSD on campus and is a member of the BPPSD. HUEY NEUTONmade statements to the effect that the Dlack People of the U.S.A.are enslaved by Vhite Racism and WALTON related that iecroesmake up 26% of the enrollment at Merritt College and that theadministration at that college has not hired Negro instructorsin proportion to the Negro enrollment.
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On July 6, 1967, Sergeant advised that investi-gation by the Oakland Police Department disclosed that
Iage 26, Caucasian student atiMerritt College,had heckled the speakers, described himself is a Nazi; referredto the speakers as niggers and endeavored to take the micro- bphone away from WALTON. When of b7Cthe BPPSD, tapped hi.m on the shoulder took a swing athim and a fracas resulted in which blows were exchanged and
fled into the college building. While this incident wasin ogress., a second Caucasian Merritt College student n
age 27, intervened on behalf of m by holding thearms of one of the members of the BPPSD who was about to strike
W also was struck several times by members of theBPPSD and was chased from the scene of the rally.
XII. FINANCES
On April 1, 1967, a meeting of the BPPSD was heldat headquarters, 5624 Grove Street, Oakland, with a7proximatelv16 Negro males in attendance. At this meeting, it was decidedthat on April 15, 1967, all of the members of the BPPSD wouldproceed to San Francisco and endeavor to sell copies of thebook Quotations from Chairman, Mao Tse-tung" at the demonstrationby the Spring Mobilization Comittee to End the War in Viet Nam.They hoped to raise approximately $1,000.00 through the saleof the coDies of this book and planned to use the proceeds topurchase guns and ammunition.
SF T-7, 5/29/67
b7D
SF T-15, 11/3/67
The above bank information is not to be made publicexcept through the issuance of a subpoena duces tecum.
9S 100-58841W~JN/r1k
XIII. HUFY PERCY NEYTON, CHARGED WITH MURDER OFOAKLAND POLICE OFFICER AND ATTEMPTED HURDEROF ANOTHER OAKLAND POLICE OFFICER, OuTOBER 2B, 19167
On October 28, 1967, Officer , IntelicgenceUnit,. Oakland Police Department, advised toit at 5 00 A"! on tha1tdate., Oakland Police Officers JON F. FREY, age 23, andm
age 24.. made a routine traffic violation car stop of thecar driven by HUEY PERCY NENITON at 7th and Willow S+treetsOakland, California. NEITON got out of the car while officerswere waiting results of car registration check by radio. NEWTOhad no drivers license in his Dossession. As officers andNEWJTOIN walked toward MEN7TON's car, NE'TON pulled a 9 milleieterpistol from his waistband, fatally shot officer FREY andcritically wounded Officer . EVTON was also wounded andwas placed under guard at-Kaiser Hospital, Oakland, where heunderweit surgery for gunshot wounds.
Officer advised that the Oakland Police Depart-ment was conducting an intensive investigation to identity andlocate the individual who was accompan4ng NE'ITON at the timeof this incident on October 28, 1907.
Records of M*unicipal Court, Oakland, California,disclose that on October 30, 1967, a complaint was filedcharf'ing, HUEY PERCY NENTON rith murder and assault with intentto commit murder. H.e was accused of the fatal shooting of OfficerJOHN F. FREY and the wounding of Officer |
On October 31, 1967, NETO1 was arraigned beforeMunicipal Judge STAFFORD P. BUCKLEY at his bedside at highlandHospital, Oakland, California.
On October 28, 1967, Inspector HomicideDetail Oakland Police Department made the observation that as ofOctober 28, 1967, the date of the fatal shooting , NEWTON wasout on bail on appeal from convictions or charges arising outof incidents on May 22, 1967, and June '4, 1967. NEWTON was
10SF 100-5884L1WJW/rlk
scheduled to anpear in Munici'al Court, Oakiand,. on November17, 1957, to appeal conviction of charges, Aaking threats with
a weapon, possession of illeVal knife, using. profanity anadisturbing the peace on May 22, 1967, in Oakland.
Inspector further advised tt the automobile
driven by NEWTON on the early morning of October 28, 1967,was a Volkswauen sedan,_ bearing California license
b".registered to b6
,Oakland, age 22,. a 77th b7C
the Neighborhood Youth Corps.
AS of October, 1967, HUEY PERCY NEW*!TO. T was livingwith , Oakland.
SF T-1, 10/25/67
The November 2, 1967, issue of The Bird"s Word;published by the Associated Students of Merritt College, Oakland,California, in a front page article stated in part as follows-
Help Huey! Black students, one of our black leaders,ministerr of Defense . Huev Percy Newton., needs ourblack support. Here are four ways to give it:
This article which was signed by CAROLYN SCOTT,under item number 4, stated as follows:
Remember that if anything happens to Huey it happensto the black community and that the white I.owerstudent must be made to 'suffer the politicalconsequences,'.
The-Noicvember 4, 1967, issue of The Sun ReporterSan Francisco, California, Negro Community newspaper, on page 13,Columns 1 through 3, contained an article captioned Fund DriveOpens to Aid Black Panther Minister, which states in Dart asfollows:
SF 100-53841YJU?rlk
A Negro section of the black comic nity held a meetingon October 30, 1967, in Oakland and formally establishedthe Huey Percy Newton Defense Fundt Machinery wasset un to raise money to cover the lone and extensivelegal battle which all experienced observers know isin the offinq.....
SNCC and CORE, through their national offices, havepledged their complete and continuous suoDort, haveagreed to help develop branches of the defense fundin local areas across the nation, where they haveroots in the community. ...
Locally black and white students on college campuseshave set in motion machinery to establish studentcommittees to support Huey P. Newton. At Universityof California in Derkeley, there is particularlyintensive activity by students to rally to Huey'ssupport. They indicate that much of their motivationfor doing this grew out of the savage brutalityvisited upon them by the Oakland cops during therecent demonstrations against the draft at theOakland Induction Center.
-Everywhere people are discussing this case and thereis an unprecedented groundswell of support and it iscrystal clear that this is going to be the bi'-estcase to be aired in America since the SCOTTSDORROboy's case in the 30's. People are arrangin- banquets,house parties, and numerous other events to raisefunds for the effort;.
The November 8, 1967., issue of The Daily CalifornianAssociated Students newspaper of UCB, on Page 3, Columns 1through 5, carried Un article entitled Dlack Student UnionHere Finances Rallyv, which stated in part as follows:
SF 100-58841lNJW/rlk
members of the Camous Afro-American Student Union(AASU) took possession of Sproul Steps Rallyyesterday in spite of a ruling by the Universitythat the rally time was not theirs.
AASU members stressed that they needed therally time yesterday in conjunction withone todav in order to speak on the imprisonmentand impending trial of Huey P. Newton, who isaccused of killing an Oakland Policeman andwounding another, last week.
JIM NABORS, Vice Chairman of the AASU said atthe rally that members of the Voliton had 'madeno overt effort to understand our' immediateProblem or to contact us on a groit o-group basis -
On seizing the rally from Voliton, Nabors said thatI've been denied so long that anything I take is
right.
Huey P. Newton was defended at the rally as a man'whose only crime was to be born in white racist
.America.
Nabors said that the AASU would demand that NEU>TONbe freed from jail before his trial and that hebe tried before his peers', and not before an allwhite jury-.
Nabors said Newton committed the crime of protectingblack women first, black children *second, andwhite policemen last, and any white man who doesn'tlike it can go take a crap.
He concluded by saving that 'if you touch any blackwoman, man or child with the intend to harm. ki4llor anything, we are going to assert blackness allover yoU.'"
1SF 100-58841WJ/ rlk
On November 13, 1967, OfficerIIntelligence Unit, Oakland Police Department, advised thatHUEY PERCY NEWTON had been transferred from the hosDital atCalifornia State Prison San Quentin, California, on Nbvember 11,1967, to the Graystone Annex, Santa Rita Rehabilitation Center,Alameda County Sheriff's Office, Pleasanton, California.
On November 14, 1967, Officer advised thatHUEY PETCY NEUTON had on November 13, 1967, been indictedby the Alameda County Grand Jury. A four count indictment Lwas returned accusing NEYTON of murder,, assault with adeadly weapon on a police officer, kidnaping, and one countof having a prior felony, a 1964 assault conviction for whichhe received probation. The kidnaping count involved theabduction of the driver of a passing automobilecommandeered at gunpoint by NE)TON following the shooting.
On November 15, 1967- Officer advised that onNovember 16, 1967, i'EWTON was scheduled to appear in SuperiorCourt. Alameda County, to hear the reading of the chargesagainst him and to advise him of his rights.
61 1
1
BAY AREA PROGRESSIVE LABOR PARTY, akaBay Area Progressive Labor Movement,Bay Area Progressive Labor,"Progressive Labor"
The masthead in the February 8, 1915 issue of "Spark"reflects it is published by the Progressive TLabor Movement ofthe Bay Area, P.O. Box 73, Station A, Berkely.. .page 4 of thisissue of "Spark" carries an article describing MORT SCHEER as the"West Coast organizer" of the Progressive Labor Movement (PLM).
A source advised on January 7, 1965,that MORTIMER SCHEER,following a press conference in San Francisco, California, onJanuary 7, 1965, related that he was the West Coast Organizer forthe PLM and National Vice Chairman. PLM was started about threeyears ago as a national organization located mainly in the New Yorkand Buffalo areas, and he has been here since last July strivingto organize PLM. He stated PLM has several publications, including"Progressive Labor," a monthly, and the "Marxist-Leninist Quarterly.'
The April 19, 1965 issue of the "San Francisco Chronicle,"a daily San Francisco newspaper, carried an article which relatedthat the Progressive Labor Party (PLP) was officially formed April18, 1965, after a four day convention in New York. PLP wasformerly known as the Progressive Labor Movement and MORT SCHEERwas elected as one of the vice presidents of PLP.
A second source advised during May, 1967, that the BayArea Progressive Labor Party (BAPLF) rents an office at 292916th Street, San Francisco, California, which is used as aheadquarters and mailing address.
APPENDIX
1.
COMMUNIST PARTY, USAMARXIST-LENINIST (CPUSA, M-L)
On August 24, 1965, a source advised that the WestCoast Provisional Organizing Committee for a Marxist-Leninist Communist Party (WCPOC) was formed in Los Angeles,California, on August 23, 1965, under the leadership of MIKELASKY. Although similar in name, the newly organized WCPOChad no connection whatsoever with the Provisional OrganizingCommittee for a Marxist-Leninist Communist Party (POC) or thelatter's West Coast POC.
On September 7, 1965, the above source advisedthat a National Conference of the newly formed WCPOC was heldover the September 4-5, 1965, weekend in Los Angeles. At thatmeeting, the name WCPOC was dropped, and the CPUSA, M-L wasformed under LASKY's leadership. The CPUSA, M-L has thefollowing aims and purposes:
1. To conduct guerrilla warfare training,including the use of firearms;
2. To organize CPUSA, M-L cells in theSouth to exploit all "racialsituations" that might arise there,to agitate the population, and createsituations which would require theuse of Federal Troops so that Ameri-cans would be fighting Americans;
3. To establish and maintain an acceleratedrecruiting program to include acceptanceof anyone who is an anti-imperialist.
On May 5, 1967, the above source advised that theCPUSA, M-L continued to exist.
APPENDIX
770 0 -~ 58 8 di-1
MUSLIM MOSQUE, INCORPORATED (MMI)
The March 13, 1964, edition of "The New York Times,"a daily newspaper published in New York, New York, containedan article on page 20 which indicated that MALCOU1 X (LITTLE),former national official of the Nation of Islam (NOI) who brokewith the NOI on March 8, 1964, publicly announced in New York Cityon MNarch 12, 1964, that he had formed the Muslim Mosque, Incorporat-ed (MMI). The MMI, according to the article, would be a broadlybased politically oriented black nationalist movement for Negroes,only, financed by voluntary contributions. In this public state-ment, MALCOLM X urged Negroes to abandon the doctrine of non-violence when it is necessary to defend themselves in the civilrights struggle, and he also suggested that Negroes form rifleclubs to protect their lives and property in time of emergenciesin areas where the government is unable or unwilling -to protectthem.
Incorporation papers of the MMI filed on March 16, 1964,with the Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York County, NewYork, reflect that the MIMI was incorporated under the ReligiousCorporation Law of the State of New York to acrk forth impartingof the.Islamic Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with"accepted Islamic principals." The principal place of worship tobe located in the Borough of Manhat-tan, New York, New York.
The May 23, 1964, edition of the "New York Amsterdam jews',a weekly Negro newspaper published in New York City, containedan article by columnist JAMES BOOKER in which he indicated that hehad heard that the visit by MALCOLM X with Muslim leaders duringhis African tour has changed him to become soft in his anti-whitefeelings and to become more religious.
On October 6, 1964, a confidential source advised that theMMI is apparently affiliated with the true orthodox IslamicReligion through its affiliation with the Islamic Foundation(of New York), 1 Riverside Drive, New York City. The only teachingsof the MMI are on the Islamic Religion.
APPENDIX
This confidential source advised on May 17, 1965, that theheadquarters of the MMI are located in Suite 128, Hotel Theresa,2090 Seventh Avenue, New York,1 New York, where they were estabshedon March 16, 1964. These headquarters are shared with the Organiza-tion of Afro-American Unity, Incorporated (0AAU) which was alsoheaded by MALCOLM X.
MALCOLM X was assassinated on February 21, 1965, whileaddressing an OAAU rally at the Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 166thStreet, New York City.
This same confidential source advised on September 8, 1965,that the activities of the MMI following the death of MALCOLM Xwere limited to the teaching of classes in the Islamic religionand a class in judo for self-protection. These classes wereheld regularly until the latter part of July, 1965, when they werediscontinued. Since then, the MMI has held no meetings and therehas been absolutely no activity by the MMI which appears to becompletely "dead."
APPENDIX
NATION OF ISLAM, Pormerly referred toas the Muslim Cult of Islam, also knownas thammId's Temoles of Islam
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH MUHAMMADhas described! his organization on a nation.ie basis asthe "Nation of Islam" and "Muhaimmad's Temples of Islam.
On May 5, 1967, a second source a- ised ELIJAHMUHAMMAD is the national leader of the Nation of Islam(NOI); Muhamad's Templ.e of Islam No. 2, 53'5 SouthGreenwood Avknue, Chicago, Illincis, is the nationalheadquarters of the NOI; and in mid-1960 MUbAMMAD andother NOI officials, when referring to VfHAMMAD's organ-ization on a nationwide basis, ccmenced usinr either"Mc .squE" or "Temple" when mentioning one of "Mubamd'sTemrples of Islam."
The NOI is an all-Negro organization which wasoriginally organized in 1930 in. Detroit, Michigan.MUHAMMAD claims to have been selected by Al,'ah, theSupreme Being, to lead the so-calleLd Negro race outof slavery in the wilderness of iEarth Ameri: by estab-lishing an independent black nation in the United States.Members following MUHAMMAD's teachings and his interpretationof the "Koran" believe there is no such th2i as a Negro;th-at the so-called Nemvoes are slaves of the whiterace, referred to as "white devils," in the UnitedStates; and that the white race, because of itsexploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and willbe destroyed in the approaching "War of Armageddon."
In the past, officials and members of the NOI, in-cluding MUHAMMAD, have refused to register under the pro-visions of the Selective Service Acts and have declaredthat members cwe no allegiance to the United States.
On May 5, 1958, the first source advised MUHAMMADhad, upon advice of legal counsel, tempered his personalstatements and instructions to his ministers concerning theprinciples of his organization in order to avoid possibleprosecution by the United States government; however, hedid not indicate any fundamental changes in the teachingsof his organization.
.On May 2, 1966, a third source advised MUHAMMAD had,early in July, 1958, decided tc de-emphasize the religious-aspects of the teachings of Islam and to stress the economicbenefits to be derived by those.Negroes who joined the NOI.This policy change, according to MUHAMMAD, would helD himacquire additional -followers and create more interest inhis program. .
APPENDIX
OAKLAND DIRECT ACTION COM'iMITTEE, akaOakland Direct Action for Freedom Now,ODAC
On February 9, 1965, a source advised that on thatdate at Oakland Direct Action Committee (ODAC) headquarters,8512 East 14th Street, Oakland, California, MARK EVERETT COMFORT,Chairman of ODAC, held a press conference. COMFORT stated thatthe objective of ODAC was to organize the Negro community,particularly in the eastern section of Oakland, commonly knownas East Oakland. He said that ODAC would make demands for equalhousing, equal job opportunities and living conditions, andwould educate the Negro community to realize that "things arenot as good as they seem. COMFORT said that ODAC, in contrastto existing civil rights organizations, would strongly emphasizepolice brutality.
The January 25, 1964 issue of the "People's,World' (PW), page 3, contains an invitationto the 26th anniversary celebration of the PW .to be held on February 1, 1964, in San Fraicisco,California. This invitation lists MARK COHFORTas one of four special guests to be honored atthis celebration.
The PW is a West Coast Communist newspaper.
A second source advised thatattended the National Convention of the ProgressiveLabor Party (PLP) held in New York City April 15 -
18, 1965, as a delegate and was assigned to the"Black Liberation" workshop.
A third source advised that since the beginning boof ODAC| I 7 has been in frequent b7ccontact with I
the Bay Area Progressive Labor Party,concerning plans and activities of I linthe civil rights movement. This source statedthat in November, 1965, Isaid he feltthat was on the side of the PLP.
APPENDIX
6 7
A fourth source advised that as of April,1966,) ODAC is operating out ofI
, Oakland ,where is assisted by L anda Negro teen-age gang known as the Alm Boy ESDukes. b7C
The fourth source, along with a fifth source,advised in March, 1967, that ODAC has ceasedoperations. The only member and officer as ofthis date is who uses the title of
when speaking on behalf of anycause.
APPENDIX
1. OR1GA4IZATION OF AFRO-AEI CANUNITY, INCORPORATED (0AAU)
On June 28, 1964, M'ALCOLM, X LITTLE, founder andleader of the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated ( P!I), publiclyannounced the formation of a new, all :Jegro , militant civilrights action group to be known as the Orgahization of Afro-American Unity (MAAU), with himself as Chairman. Thisannouncement was made at a public rally held by the M1I inthe Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 166th Street, New YorkCity.
A printed and published statement of basic OAAUaims read by MALCOLMX at this meeting indicates that it shallinclude "all" Deoole of African descent in the WesternHemisphere, as well as 'our; brothers and sisters on theAfrican continent. It is patterned after the "letter and spirit"of the Organization of African Unity established (by Africanheads of States) at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in M-ay, 1963.
A recording of the remarks of MALCOL ! X at thismeeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminatedifferences between Negroes so they can work together for"human rights", while the initial objective is to 'internation-alize" the American civil rights movement by taking it to theUnited Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-violent civil rihtsmovement and claims that Negroes should be taught to protectthemselves, when and if necessary. The OAAU will sponsor aprogram for Negroes in education, politics, culture, economics,and social reform.
M'jALCOLI X was assassinated on February 21, 1965,while addressing an OAAU rally at the Audubon Ballroom, MewYork City.
On April 13, 1965, a confidential source advisedthat on March. 26, 3.965, the OAAU filed a Certificate ofIncorporation with the Department of State, State of New York,Albany, New York, and henceforth, the organization's truename will be Organization of Afro-American Unity, Incorporated.
APPENDIX
9
ORGANIZATION OF AFRO-AERICANUNITY, INCORPORATED (OAAU)
On February 28, 1966 a second confidential sourceadvised! that Eof the OAAU is m
|who resides inHarlem-n, New York.
On May 8, 1967, the first confidential sourceadvised the the headquarters of the OAAU is located at
, New York, New York, which is the
separately.Characterizations of M[MI and NOI are set out
APPENDIX
6
1. .PROGRESSIVE LABOR PARTY
A source advised on April 20, 1965, that theProgressive Labor Party (PLP), formerly known as theProgressive Labor Movement (PL), held its first nationalconvention April 15, - 18, 1965, at New york, New York, toorganize the PL'I into a PLP. The PLP will have as itsultimate objective the establishment of a militant workingclass movement based on Marxism-Leninism.
The "New York Times" City Edition, Tuesday,April 20, 1965, page 27, reported that a new party of"revolutionary socialism" was formally founded on April 18,1965, under the name of the PLP. The PLP was described as anoutgrowth of the PLF. Its officers were identified as MILTONROSEN, New York, President, and !7ILLIAU EPTONI of New York,and MORT SCHEER of San Francisco, Vice Presidents. A 20-memberNational Committee was elected to direct the party until thenext convention.
According to the article, "The Progressive LaborMovement was founded in 1962 by ir. ROSEN and Mr. SCHEERafter they were expelled from the Communist Party of theUnited States for assertedly followin- the Chinese Communistline'.
The PLP publishes "Progressive Labor," a bi-monthlymagazine, "Challenge", a monthly Mew York City newspaper,and "Spark", a West Coast newspaper.
The April, 1967, issue of "Challenge", page 14,states that, "This paper is dedicated to fight for a newway of life-where the working men and women own and control theirhomes, factories, the police, courts, and the entire governmenton every level-.
A second source advised on September 26, 1966, thatthe PLP utilizes the address of General Post Office Box 808,Brooklyn 1, New York, but also utilizes an office in Room 617,1 Union Square, Vest, New York City, where PLP publications areprepared.
APPENDIX
L21
1I P
POVIWSTIONAL ORGAIZIIG COMITTEE FR)? ~.RXISTr~l'lI TT COMl.IST PARTY (PC)
The u4e to Subversive 'reanizationsand Publicationsrvea uls1 1961, preparec and release,
by the Cormittee on Urn--Prerican Activities, United States Houseof Pepresentatives, contains the following on prges 142-143:
1. Fcund to be "a new Cormmiuni.st splinter grou, TheDrovisionafl reani zing Cormittee for a arxist-LeninistCor-unist >artv " 1 so known as the PPC * was forried inAucust 1958 by a number of Coriunist Party members who weredissatisfied with the trends and policies of the party and, whilewithin it, had referred to the-mselves as the >;rxist-LeninistCaucus.
"The leaders and participants in the Provisional OrganizingCopiittee roup had been expelled from the Conrunist Party onthe technical charFe of 'disruptive, factional, anti-partyactivities.'
"The PO ,roup is composed largely of extreme left-wingelements from the Coruni st Darty. Throughout the party'shistory, there have been contendin': right and left-wing factionswhich, in periods of turr'oil such as the party has -one throughin the recent Dast, have fcught for control. The POC elementslost out in this recent strucele within the U. S. party^,
"The one fact that is copletely clear today is that thePOC clroup is 2ade up of hard-core, dedicated, and extremistCorr.unists, who, despite their present differences with theConr-unist Tarty leadership, are intent upon dcino all within theirpower to s'jeed the echieve-ment of the c:oals of international
(Comittee on Un-Amrericar '-ctivities, AnnualReport for 1959, H"ouse 7erort 1251, February 8,1960, -p. 69 and 70.)
AP' DIX
91
SOCIALIST WORKERS PARTYSAN FRANCISCO DIVISION
A source advised on August 1, 1960, that the SanFrancisco Branch of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) was formedapproximately in the early part of 1938, and the Oakland Branchof the SWP was formed in the latter part of 1938.
A second source advised on October 26, 1959, thatthe name of the Oakland Branch of the SWP was changed to theOakland - Berkeley Branch of the SWP.
A third source advised on May 1, 1967, that the SanFrancisco Branch and the Oakland - Berkeley Branch of the SWPfollow the policies and directives of the National SWP with whichthey are affiliated.
The SWP has been designated by the AttorneyGeneral of the United States pursuant toExecutive Order 10450.
APPENDIX
1
YOUNG SOCIALIST ALLIANCE (known inthe San Francisco Bay Area as theBay Area Young Socialist Alliance, aka.,the Bay Area Committee of the YoungSocialist Alliance, Bay Area Committeefor the Young Socialist) _____
A source advised on May 16, 1960, that the Bay AreaYoung Socialist Alliance (BAYSA) was formed in February, 1958,as the Bay Area Committee for the Young Socialist (BACYS). Ata later stage in its development prior to adoption of the nameBAYSA, the organization was known as the Bay Area Committee ofthe Young Socialist Alliance (BACYSA).
The source advised that as a result of a nationalconvention held April 15 - 17, 1960, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,the BAYSA became a branch of the national organization to beknown as the Young Socialist Alliance (YSA) and will carry out-in the Northern California area the policies of the YSA.
A second source advised May 1, 1967, that the BAYSAis currently active and is composed of two locals: The SanFrancisco YSA and the Berkeley YSA.
The first source advised on May 1, 1967, that theBAYSA, although ostensibly an independent organization, is inreality controlled by the San Francisco Branch, Socialist WorkersParty (SWP) and the Oakland Branch, SWP.
The SWP has been designated by the AttorneyGeneral of the United States pursuant toExecutive Order 10450.
APPENDIX
1. YOUNG SOCIALIST ALLIANCE
The May, 1960 issue of the "Young Socialist' (YS),page 1, column 3, disclosed that during April 15-17, 1960,a national organization entitled "The Young SocialistAlliance' (YSA) was established at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.This issue stated that this organization was formed by thenationwide supporter clubs of the publication YS.
The above issue, page 6, set forth theFounding Declaration of the YSA.. This declaration stated thatthe YSA recognizes the Socialist workers Party (SF) as theonly existing political leadership on class struggleprinciples of revolutionary socialism.
On March 10., 1967, a source advised that the YSAwas formed during 1957, by youth of various left socialisttendencies, particularly members and followers of the SiWP.The source further advised that the YSA has recently becomemore open about admitting that.it is the youth group of theSW1P and that an SUP representative has publicly stated thatthe YSA is the SJP's youth group.
The headquarters of the YSA are located inRooms 532-536, 41 Union Square est, New York City.
The SW11P has been designated pursuant toExecutive Order 10450.
A characterization of Young Socialist"is set out separately.
-ENDIX
9: OF
"YOUNG SOCIALIST"
The "Young Socialist" is a magazine Dublished fivetimes a-year by the Young Socialist Alliance. The October,1964, edition, the initial edition utilizing the magazineformat, relates that this magazine succeeds the "YoungSocialist" newspaper in an effort to provide "more factson more general issues than a small newspaper can."
The newspaper Young Socialist" was formerlydescribed as the official organ of the Young Socialist Alliance.
The "Youn- Socialist' maintains headquarters atRoom 535, 4 1 Union Square lest, Nt-ew York City, and themailing address of P.O. Box 471, Cooper Station, New York,New York 10003.
A PPE ~DIX
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
In Reply, Please Refer toFile o,
100-58%041
San Francisco, California
ALL INFOPHEREIN ISDATE 09-11
Title
Character
Reference
1967
ATION LUNCLA2SS:
TEC
-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL
BLACK PAINTER PARTYFOR SELF DEFENSE
I:NTEPNAL SECURITY -IISCELLAEOUS
Report of SAWdated an cautioned
as above
All sources (except any listed below) whose identitiesare concealed in referenced communication have furnishedreliable information in the past.
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusionsof the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned toyour agency; it and its contents are not to be distributedoutside your agency.
b6b7C
M
'ION- CONTA:[CLASSIFIEl:008 BY 6o:
ALL INF01HEREIN I,DATE o9-J
AIRTEL
TO
FROM : SAC, SACRAMENTO (157-52)(RUC)
SUBJECT: BUCK PANTHER PARTYFOR SELF-DEFENSEIs
On 2/7/689,Fadvised that an inmate,
ICSP 14is presently
confined and has indicated to0 Ithat he isin a position to furnish information concerning the BlackPanthers.
nterviewed at onHe advised that he has some information concerning
the Black Panthers which he is willing to furnish to an FBIagent and feels that if he were on the street, he coulddevelop considerably more pertinent information. He statedthat F he renewed his previousassociation with in the Oakland,California, area] was a member of the Black Panthers and,
Invited to join this group.stated that he did not join the group at that time and
has not done so since. lie stated that in his conversation with
San Francisco (Ra)1 Sacramento
B B: I(3)
1. /I.
K'.7
..1 .7
_______________________________________
9
AIR MAIL
SAC, SAN FRANCISCO (100-58841)
2/12/68
1:7cb7D
SERIALIZED VIM)
b6b7b7D
SC 157-52
H le told] -ethat he was proficient in the use of dynamite and various otherexplos-ives.
W tatedl continued to try to influencehim to join the Black Panthers but that he never did join. Onone occasion, stated that this group would like to have him,
work with them, even though he was not a member. Therewere no specific acts enumerated and does not know exactlywhat was contemplated. lie refused to go along with them.
had conversationwithF 1who is described byl as a member ofthe Black Panthersl
In the conversation that ensued toldthat he had not made up his mind and that he was not sure
whether he wanted to accept the offer.
lie stated that since he has met7who is a Black Nationalist.
-In a conver-sation shortly after told L that theywere "getting ready to move." He told him that "the stuff"would be moved in sometime between Sunday, February 11, and thefollowing week. He did not elaborate or explain what he meantby these remarks. He stated that it is his understanding fromconversations with members of the Black Panthers that Oaklandis a target area and that this confrontation would include mem-bers of the "Deacons" from Detroit, New York, and Los Angeles,as well as members of the Black Nationalists, the Muslims, andthe Black Panthers.
was questioned as to whether he had ever fur-nished this information to any other official. He stated thathe had furnished information to|
Oakland, California, Police
- 2 -
SC 157-52
that these two officers contact him concerning a matter whichthey had under investigation.
where these officers contacted himshortly thereafter. Hie furnished information to these officersin the hopes that they would use their influence with the Cali-fornias Adult Authority inputting him on the street to workwith them in their investigation of the Black Panthers.
t Stated that he has not heard from them and thathe and that sincethese officers had not been able to help him, he was hopefulthat the F could exert some influence in affecting his earlyparole.
stated that he had never volunteered any infor-mation to the FBI or any other law enforcement agency on anyprior occasions. He stated that he is willing to work with theFBI and feels that he can develop valuable information concerningthe Black Panthers and these other radical groups.
The above information is furnished for your evaluationand consideration. No investiIation is being conducted toidentify any of the persons referred to byl If the infor-mation appears to be of any value, Sacramento should be requestedto review to determine whether he
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VACAVILLE,
END- 07FEOE
1P 0 0* 592,30.
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SP.ADDEONE OITICAL LEADERS WHOZ HlAD &OTIN 00 TOSA
AO i R MARTIN LUTHER "ING D URIN G H SIS LTTINE ANMD ARE V7
MEULOGIING H,'WIM FOR T11 EIR POI TI CAL ADVENT AGE ROBERT AVAKIAN OF
PAE AND FREEDOM PARl URGED ALL TO REMAIN FOLLOWING RALLY AND
SURUDTHE COURT 'HOUSE "TO LET TH1E1" PIG3 COPS KIROV W E ARE OUT HEETO
FR EE HUZY AND TO JAIL THE PIG 00PS"
FOLLOWING RALLY APPROXIMATELY ONE THOUSAND PERSONS5 CONGREGATED
0ls8 N1ORTH1 SIDE OF COURT HO0US"E, TEM PO'RARILY BLCIGSTREET. TH-EY 1W1ERE
PEACEF71,ULLY.D*ISPERSED BY APPROXIMATELY THIRTY ALAMEDA COUNTY SH11ERI3 FF'S9
OFFICE DEPUTIES AND ALL HMAD DEPARTED SCENE B3Y FIVE THiRpTY Pa 4M.
MARCH AMD RALLIES WERE PEACEFUL AND THERE WERE NO ARRSTS MADF.
THi Wt!!RE VERY FEW NEGROES PRESENTo
LEAFLETS WERE DISTRIBUTED DURING mARC AND RALLIS ANNUNCING
.THAT THE STATE IDE PEACE AND FREEDOM MOVEMENT AND THE TLACKt PA!THER
PARTY FOR SELF DEENS E WERE URGING ATTENDANCE ON THURSDAY, APRIL
END OF PAGE TWO,
PAGE THEE.
SF 100 - 59230.
ELEVEN NEXT 9 AT FUNERAL OF BOBBY HUTTON 9 WHO WAS KILLED BY OAKLAND
POLICE DURING THE APRIL SIX LAST SKIRMISH. THESE LEAFLTS ALSO URGED
PARTICIPATION IN A CAR CARAVAN TO VACAVILLE, CALIFORNIA, TO -SUPPORT
CLEAVER 'S DEFENSE AND DEMAND HIS IMMEDIATE RELEASE FROM CONFINEMENT.
INTELLIGENCE UNIT, OAXLAND POLIC! DEPARTMENT 9 TRIC DATE
ADVISED THAT FUNERAL SERVICE FOR DOMBY HUTTON WILL 3Z HELD AT
ELEVTN A. M., FRIDAY, APRIL TWELVE NEXT 9 OAXLAND; AND RESUMASLY TME
CAR CARAVAN TO VACAVILLE WILL FOLLOU ON FRIDAY AFTERNOON.
LHM WILL FOLLOW.
OTHER STATION NOTIFIED SEPARATELY.
END.
P 340-- 1zy 2icw
ALL INFOPlfATION CONTINEDHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED
FBI SACTO -15-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/ L
FB I SAN FRAN
1126AM URGENT 4-12-68 MS
TO DIRECTOR ,& SACRAMENTO
BLACK PANTHER PARTY; RN - BPP
FOR INFO BUREAU AND SACRAMENTO, OAKLAND, CALIF., PD
ADVISES THAT FUNERAL FOR BOBBY HUTTON, SEVENTEEN-YEAR-OLD BLACK
PANTHER PARTY (BPP) MEMBER KILLED IN POLICE SIEGE OF WEST OAKLAND
HOUSE EARLY MORNING SUNDAY, APRIL SEVEN, LAST, BEING HELD TODAY
ELEVEN A.M., EPHESIAN CHURCH OF GOD IN CHRIST, ONE SEVEN ZERO NINE
ALCATRAZ AVE., BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA. BURIAL WILL BE MOUNTAIN
VIEW CEMETARY, OAKLAND.
BPP PLANS MEMORIAL FOR HUTTON ONE THIRTY P.M. MERRITT ,PARK,
ACROSS FROM ALAMEDA COUNTY COURT HOUSE. FOLLOWING MEMORIAL,
PROCESSION OF-CARS -AND BUSES WILL PROCEED TO STATE MEDICAL FACILITY,
VACAVILLE, WHERE BPP MINISTER OF INFORMATION ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, WHO
WAS ARRESTED FOLLOWING SHOOT-OUT IN WEST OAKLAND APRIL SEVEN WHEN
HUTTON KILLED, INCARCERATED.
END PAGE ONE
SE, - .'
PAGE TWO
OAKLAND, BERKELEY AND RICHMOND PDS ALERT FOR ANY TROUBLE
rHICH MAY. ARISE AS RESULT OF FUNERAL, MEMORIAL OR PROCESSION TO
VACAVILLE.
CONTACTS- BEING MAINTAINED WITH LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT,
INFORMANTS, AND ONE ONE FIVE MI GROUP.
END
OTHER OFC ADVSD
CLV
'FBI SACTO
3I 1SACTO ALL INFOITATION CONTAINEDHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIEDDATE 09-15-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL
FBI SAN FRAN
6:22PM DEFERRED 4-12-68 MIS
TO DIRECTOR, BOSTON, LOS ANGELES, NEW YORK & SACRAMENTO
FROM SAN FRANCISCO (157-1204) 2P
BLACK PANTHER PARTY; RM - BPP
-REMYTEL TODAY TO DIRECTOR AND SACRAMENTO.
FUNERAL FOR BOBBY HUTTON, SEVENTEEN-YEAR-OLD BPP MEMBER
KILLED BY OAKLAND POLICE IN SIEGE EARLY SUNDAY, APRIL SEVEN, LAST,
HELD WITHOUT INCIDENT AT CHURCH IN BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA. ATTENDED
BY APPROXIMATELY ONE THOUSAND PEOPLE. AFTER BURIAL OF BODY MOUNTAIN
VIEW CEMETERY, OAKLAND, MEMORIAL HELD ONE FORTYFIVE TO THREE FORTY-
FIVE P.M. MERRITT PARK, OPPOSITE ALAMEDA COUNTY COURT HOUSE,
OAKLAND. APPROXIMATELY FIFTEEN HUNDRED PR. ENT, MOSTLY BLACK. THEME
OF MEMORIAL WAS THAT HUTTON WAS A REVOLUT ONARY AND THE BPP IS A
REVOLUTIONARY PARTY9 ONE OF FEW IN THE UNTRY. POWER STRUCTURE
MUST BE DEFEATED, POLICE SYSTEM MUST B CHANED, BLACKS MUST BE ARMED
TO RID THE COMMUNITY OF POLICE SO BLA KS CAN CONTROL THEIR OWN
DESTINY.
END PAGE ONE
SRE
I
b6b7c
CARAVAN TO CALIFORNIA MEDICAL FACILITY VACAVILLE, CALLED OFF.
TNOSE ATTENDING MEMORIAL ENCOURAGED TO ATTEND PRESS CONFERENCE
FOUR THIRTY P.M. BPP HEADQUARTERS, FOUR FOUR TWO ONE GROVE ST.,
OAKLAND, AT WHICH FOLLOWING WERE ANNOUNCED AS PARTICIPATING: CHICO
NEBLETT, JAMES FORMAN, MARLON BRANDO AND BOBBY GEORGE SEALE.
IS ALSO KNOWN AS AND
AND HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED IN PAST ASI BOSTO
MASSACHUSETTS.
BPP.
MARLON BRANDO IS MOVIE ACTOR WHO HAS MADE PUBLIC STATEMENTS
IN SUPPORT OF GOALS OF BPP.
BOBBY GEORGE SEALE IS CURRENTLY CHAIRMAN OF BPP.
ANY FURTHER INCIDENT ARISING FROM TODAY'S EVENTS WILL
BE FURNISHED THE BUREAU AND INTERESTED OFFICES.
SACRAMENTO ADVISED BY PHONE,
END
PLS HOLD, HAVE ONE FOR U
SC..LAL
FBI SACTO
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
FE UOF IVESTIGA
In Reply, Please Refer toFue NO. San Francisco,, California
- - April 12, 1968
DECLASSIFIED BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHLON 09-15-2008
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP),also known asBLACK PANTHER PARTY FORSELF DEFENSE (BPPSD)
Reference San Francisco memorandum, dated March 28,1968.
Copies of this memorandum are being furnished locallyto Army, Air Force, Navy, Secret Service and the United StatesAttorney's Office.
The April 7, 1968 edition of the "Oakland Tribune",Oakland, California newspaper, on page 1, columns 1 and 2,carried an article captioned, "Oakland's 90-minute War - OneDead, Four Shot in Battle - Two Panthers and Two Cops Hit inSiege", which states in part as follows:
"One suspect was killed, two wounded and two OaklandPolice Officers shot and wounded Satutday night (April 6, 1968)during a 90-minute gun battle and siege in West Oakland.
"The slain suspect, shot as he emerged from abarricaded house at 1218 - 28th Street was tentativelyidentified by police as Bobby Hutton, about 18, a member of theBlack Panthers.
"Another Black Panther member, Minister of InformationEldridge Cleaver, was wounded in the lower left leg. The otherwounded man was Warren W. Wells, 21, who gave a Richmondaddress. Wells was wounded in the left buttock and hiscondition was reported to be satisfactory. ......
"Neither officer was wounded 'critically. Two otherofficers were treated for minor injuries.
R automatic.ng an ~FBi SACR'XTO. owngr ng an . ..-
de ssificatic _
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusionsof the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned toyour agency; it and its contents are not to be distributed
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP)
"Deputy Police Chief Robert R. Cazadd said thegun battle grew out of a definite attempt to ambush the police.
"Police said the shooting began after a patrol carstopped to question the occupants of three p rked cars in the2900 block of.Union Street.
"When Police Officer Richard R. Jersen stepped fromthe passenger side of the cruiser, police said, he was shotwithout warning.
"As his patrol partner, Nolan R. Darnell, steppedfrom the car he was grazed with buck shot.
"Police and firemen quickly sealed off the two-blockarea and police officers, crouched behind cars, traded shotswith the men inside the building. Spotlights gave the scenethe errie appearance of a movie set.
"A man and a woman who occupied the upstairsapartment (1218 - 28th Street, Oakland, California) wereallowed to leave the house during the effort to flush thesuspects.
"Some twenty minutes later after police gunfire hadbroken a front window and tear gas had been fired into thefront room, the men inside called out that they wanted tosurrender.
"A police officer with a bull horn told the barricadedtrio to come out with their hands up. The men began to emergeone at a time from the building.
"As the first came out, there was a cry that he hada gun, several shots were fired and the man collapsed andfell to the sidewalk, dead.
"The other two men, their hands above their heads,came out of the building and surrendered."
-2-
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP)
The records of the Identification Division, OaklandPolice Department, disclosed that the following individualswere arrested and charged with assault with iintent to commitmurder in connection with the aforementioned incident:
Berkeley, California.
Eldridge Cleaver, refused to give residence address.
b6Oaland, California. U7C
SOakland, California.
San Francisco, California.
, Oakland, California.address not
given.
Richmond, California (a non-existentaddress).
The March 1 through 7, 1968 issue of the"Berkeley Barb", a weekly newspaper .published in Berkeley, California, onPage 3, Column 1 and 2, contains an articlecaptioned "Council Bows to Bobby", whichquotes Bobby George Seale, Chairman of theBPP, in part as follows:
"It is the actions of the Gestapo pigpolice that causes riots, not the people.We love ourselves and our blackness. .....
This article quoted Charles Bursey (not
-3-
CLBLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP)
otherwise identified) as telling thecouncil "If any pig cop busts into myhouse I'll kill him".
On April 10, 1968, Officeri, IntelligenceUnit, Oakland Police Department, Oakland, California, advisedthat investigation by the Oakland Police Department subsequentto April 6, 1968, has disclosed the following facts:
Early on Saturday evening, April 6, 1968, LeRoyEldridge Cleaver, better known as Eldridge Cleaver, Minister ofInformation, Black Panther Party (3PP), gathered members and . b6leaders of the BPP together at BPP Headquarters, 4421 GroveStreet, Oakland, California, and told them that he receivedalarming information from a source considered by him to bereliable and in a position to know. He said he had been toldthat the Oakland Police Department was planning genocide againstthe BPP. Then he stated, %'6ll take care of that. We'll getthem first."
About fifteen BPP members, including Cleaver andof the BPP, proceeded in three cars to
a house located at 3421 Chestnut, Oakland, ,California, wherethey gathered up numerous weapons, including rifles and shotguns.At this location Cleaver stated that they would cruise aroundNorth Oakland to look for a policeman to kill.
They then proceeded to North Oakland and spotted twopolice officers as they were getting out of their patrol car.The BPP members got out of their cars unnoticed by the officers.By jumping fences and going through backyards they endeavored tomaneuver themselves into a position to shoot at the officers.Before they could get set up, the officers were back in theircar and departed. No shots were fired and the officers neverbecame aware of the presence of the BPP members. The officershad responded to a missing persons complaint and had onlyremained at the location of the complaint for a short timebecause they were informed upon arrival that the missing personhad returned home.
After previously cruising around North Oakland, theBPP members decided to rendezvous in the vicinity of 30th and
-4-
I
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP)
Union Streets, Oakland. Shortly after they arrived in thatlocation, the aforementioned shooting incident took place.
Investigation by the Oakland Polici Department hasdisclosed that the following individuals are suspected of havingbeen involved in the April 6, 1968 BPP gun b ttle with theOakland Police Department:
student at San Francisco State College andsuspected of being affiliated with the Black Student Union.
b 6b7C
The April 11, 1968 issue of the "San Francisco Chronicle",San Francisco daily newspaper, on page 3, paragraph 5, containsan article captioned "Panthers Plead Not Guilty", which statesin part as follows:
"Black Panther Eldridge Cleaver was brought in a heavily-guarded ambulance from the Vacaville Medical Facility to make anOakland court appearance with six co-defendants yesterday.........
"More than one-half of the spectators in court wereBlack Panthers, and they gave Cleaver and the other defendantsthe clenched fist salute of the militant Negro organization.Scme chanted 'Black Power' at the End of the hearing.
"Cleaver and the others entered pleas of not guiltyto charges of assault with intent to commit murder arising froma gun battle in West Oakland last weekend. .......
"Judge Stafford P. Buckley denied a request by defenseattorney Charles Garry for a reduction in Cleaver's bail of$63,000.00 and the $40,000.00 bail set for the others.
-tQZ -D-Fr -I-E, r 2
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP)
"Garry filed five affidavits claiming police mistreat-ment and harrassment of defendants.
"The judge set April 18th for preliminary hearing.
"One of the defendants Warren Wel s, 21, of Richmond,was released when $40,000.00 was posted.
"After the court hearing, Bobby Seale, the BlackPanthers Chairman, said 'Although the bail is atrocious, theblack community is responding with contributions. We will bailout all of the defendants in two or three days'".
The same issue of the "San Francisco Chronicle" on,page 3, columns 1 through 4, contains an article captioned, "GhettoTragedy - The Death of a Panther", written by Keith Power, whichstates in part as follows:
"It is a matter of public record that Bobby Hutton wasa black kid who made trouble with the authorities.
"He was born on April 21, 1950 in Pine Bluff, Arkansas,and he died last Saturday night, April 6, 1968, in Oakland ofwhat the coroner's report said was 'shock and hemmorage due togunshot wounds'.
"The manner of his death is on record but disputed.
"The police say they shot him as he dashed from abesieged house apparently carrying a gun. His friends said hecame out stripped to the waist with his hands held high".
Leaflets widely distributed throughout Alameda County,California announce that the funeral for Bobby James Hutton willbe held at 11:00 a.r., Friday, April12, 1968, at the StarBethel Baptist Church, 5812 San Pablo Avenue, Oakland, Californiaand readers are invited to attend these ceremonies. Theseleaflets also announce that a car caravan to the California StateMedical Facility, Vacaville, California, will take place onFriday afternoon, April 12, 1968, to demand the release ofEldridge Cleaver from confinement.
- 6-
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP)
On April 10, 1968, a source advised that several carloads of militant Black Nationalists from the Los Angeles areaare expected to attend the funeral ceremonies for Hutton-
On April 11, 1968, a second source advised that it hasbeen rumored that the BPP plans to stage a march from thelocation of the funeral services to the Oakland Hall of Justice,Oakland, California, to protest the slaying of Bobby Hutton.
On April 10, 1968, the second source advised thatof San Francisco, California, is now in
charge of the BPP, but has not been given an official title.reportedly is E lat San Francisco
State College and isat that college.
Characterization of the BPPSD is attached b6hereto. b7C
Also attached are copies of photographs furnished bythe Oakland Police Department on April 11, 1968. These photo-graphs are of the following:
1. The gun battle scene at 1218 - 28th Street,Oakland, California.
2. The Oakland, California Police Department cruiserof officers and
3. One of the BPP automobiles involved in theApril 6, 1968, incident.
4. Arsenal of BPP weapons confiscated by OaklandPolice Department April 6, 1968.
-7,-
1
BLACK PANTHER PARTY FOR SELF-DEFENSE (BPPSD)
A source advised that the Black Panther Party ForSelf-Defense (BPPSD) was formed by HUEY PERCY NEWTON, Ministerof Defense, and BOBBY GEORGE SEALE, Chairman, in Oakland, _California, in December, 1966, as a militant black nationalistpolitical organization to combat "police brutality," to unitemilitant black youth, to determine the destiny of blackcommunities, and to educate black people in African history.The political philosophy of the organization was taken from thewritings of'MAO TSE-TUNG of Communist China and black militantwriters.
The official BPPSD publication "The Black Panther -
Black Community News Service" indicates the leadership of theBPPSD advocates the use of guns and guerilla tactics in theviolent revolutionary program to end oppression and to opposethe drafting of black men to fight in Vietnam.
A second source advised that in early 1967,,NEWTON, and their associates carried carbine rifles and .holsteredpistols in plain view on the streets of Oakland and elsewherewhile on "defense patrols."
was one of the persons arrested bythe Sacramento, California Police Department on May 2, 1967, whenmembers of the BPPSD invaded the California State LegislativeAssembly in Sacramento while in session, carrying loaded guns toprotest restrictions on the carrying of guns.
A Grand Jury of Alameda County, California, Oakland,California, on November 13, 1967, indicted HUEY PERCY NEWTON oncharge of murder of an Oakland, California police officer onOctober 28, 1967, in Oakland, California.
The first source advised that the headquarters officeof the BPPSD at 5624 Grove Street, Oakland, California, is closedand that no membership meetings have been held since August, 1967.
The November 4, 1967, issue of "The Sun Reporter," aSan Francisco, California Negro community newspaper, states thata HUEY PERCY NEWTON defense fund has been established and that theStudent Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the Congresson Racial Equality (CORE) through the national offices have pledgedtheir complete and continuous support to the defense of HUEY PERCYNEWTON.
APPENDIX
In Reply, Please Refer toFile No.
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
San Francisco, California
April 12, 1968
Title BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP), alsoknown as BLACK PANTHER PARTYFOR SELF DEFENSE (BPPSD)
Character
Reference San Francisco memorandum,dated and captioned as above
All sources (except any listed below) whose identitiesare concealed in referenced communication have furnished reliableinformation in the past.
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions ofthe FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to youragency; it and its contents are not to be distributed outsideyour agency.
U
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.. I . L 1
ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED F BIHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIEDDATE 09-15-2006 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL Date: 4/12/68
Transmit the following in _______________ ________________
(Type in plainext or code)
Via AIRTEL AIR MAIL(Priority)
------------------------------------------------------------------------ L -----
TO: DIRECTOR, F I (105-165706)
FROM: SAC, SAN RANCISCO (157-1204)
SUBJECT: BLACK,,PANTHER PARTY (BPP), akaBLACK'-PANTHER PARTY FORSELF DEFENSE (BPPSD)RACIAL MATTERS - BPP
Re San Francisco teletype to Bureau, dated 4/7/68.
Enclosed to the Bureau are 8 copies of LHM and onecopy each of LHM enclosed to Los Angeles and Sacramento Offices.
Copy of this LHM has been furnished to the Los AngelesOffice because it contains information concerning activities of
3 - Bureau (Enc. 8)(RM)- Los Angeles (Enc. 1)(Info.)(RM)
it- Sacramento (Enc. 1'(Info.)(RM)14 - San Francisco b 6
(2 - 157-1204) b/C
(1 - 157-1199)((1 - 100-55520)(LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER)(1 - 157-(1 - 10(1 157-(1 -157-
(1 - 157-(1 - 157-(1 - 157-1229)( FBI -
(1 - 100-53950)( -(1 - 157-266)(RACIAL MATTERS - OAKLAND)(1 - 157-400)(RACIAL MATTERS - SPI FRANCISCO DIVISION)
WJW:rnb(19)
Approved: Sent - M Per ________
Special Agent in Charge
SF 157-1204WJW:mb
individuals located in that division.
The sources utilized in this LHM are as follows:
Source one is b2b7D
Source two is a confidential source[.(concealed by
request).
This LHM has been classified confidential inasmuch asit contains information furnished by the second source requestingthat the information furnished be confidential.
The following individuals mentioned in this LHM areincluded on the Security Index: LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER,
and BOBBY JAMES HUTTON.
By separate communication the Bureau will berequested to delete the name of BOBBY JAMES H-UTTON, deceased,from the Security Index.
Files are being opened for active investigation underthe 157 classification on all individuals mentioned in thisLHM as being affiliated with the BPP. 86
b7C
On 4/10/68, Officer , Intelligence Unit,Oakland, Calif. Police Department, confidentially advised thatsome of the BPP members arrested in connection with the shootingincident against the Oakland PD on 4/6/68, have been interviewedand have furnished the following information to the Oakland PD:
On Saturday afternoon, 4/6/68,representing himself to be a San Francisco Police officer,off duty, presented himself at the BPP Headquarters, 4421 GroveStreet, Oakland, Calif., accompanied byHe displayed a badge which was purported to be a San Franciscopolice badge and stated that he wanted to be a "pipeline" forthe BPP and indicated that he had good sources of informationin the San Francisco PD. It was apparent that this individualhad been drinking.
- 2 -
0Mb6b7C
SF 157-1-204WJW :mb
He told ELDRIDGE CLEAVER that the Oakland PoliceDepartment was planning to start genocide on the BPP.
CLEAVER immediately became aroused and said, "We'lltake care of that, we'll get them first". CLEAVER gathered14 members of the BPP, including .
|of the BPP, together at the headquarters for a briefmeeting, before setting forth on the cruise to find an Oaklandpolice officer to kill.
The following is a physical description of theindividual who represented himself to be a San FranciscoPolice Department officer:
RaceSexAgeHeightComplexionHairDistinctivecharacteristics
Wearing apparel
wasdescribed as follows:
RaceAgeComplexionHairWearing apparel
Officer requested that this informationconcerning the individual who represented himself to be aSan Francisco Police Department officer not be disseminatedat this time, inasmuch as the Oakland and San FranciscoPolice Departments are conducting an active investigation inan effort to identify this individual and they desire totake all precautions to safeguard the confidential natureof this investigation.
- 3 -
U
g LALL IronMurroN CONTrAINEDHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIEDDATE 09-15-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL
4/25/68
PLAIN TEXT
TELETYPE DEFERRED
TO: DIRECTOR (105-165708), NEWARK AND NEW YORK
b6FROM: SAN FRANCISCO (157-1204) 7
BLACK PANT ER PARTY (BPP), AKA BLACK PANTHER PARTY FOR SELF
DEFENSE (BPPSD). RM. A
BPP MASSIVE PROTEST AROUND TRIAL OF HUEY P. NEWTON,
MINISTER OF DEFENSE, BPP, SCHEDULED FOR MAY TWO THROUGH FOURTEEN,
NEXT. PLANS FOR THE "INTERNATIONAL DAYS OF BLACK REVOLUTIONARY
PROTEST" INCLUDE GENERAL BOYCOTT OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, STORES,
CARAVAN TO SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA, TO COMMEMORATE THE MAY TWO,
SIXTYSEVEN BPP ARMED INVASION OF CALIFORNIA STATE LEGISLATIVE
ASSEMBLY, TEACH-INS, AND MASSIVE MARCH AND DEMONSTRATION AT
ALAMEDA COUNTY COURTHOUSE, OAKLAND, MAY SIX, NEXT, THE DAY
NEWTON'S TRIAL ON MURDER CHARGES BEGINS. BPP WILL DEMAND
NEWTON MUST HAVE PUBLIC TRIAL AND THAT HE BE SET FREE BY
MAY FOURTEEN.
END PAGE ONE
-Los Angeles (AM)Sacramento (AM) s /c(EDt
JW/jrI AuIzE D/.ou(3)B- AAMT
9 1 -. G- A ~M ZT 0
b6b7C
SF 157-1204WJW/jrPAGE TWO
BPP, REPORTEDLY
NOW IN NEW YORK CITY TO ENLIST REPRESENTATION BY SNCC LEADERS
AT THIS EVENT, AND POSSIBLY MAKE APPEARANCE WITH ACTOR MARLON
BRANDO AND BOBBY GEORGE SEALE, CHAIRMAN, BPP, ON LES CRANE
TELEVISION SHOW, NEW YORK CITY.
OF US, LOS ANGELES, AND A CONTINGENT ARE
EXPECTED TO PARTICIPATE.
BLACK STUDENT UNION, SAN FRANCISCO STATE
COLLEGE, SAN FRANCISCO, HAS ARRAGED FOR
OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, TO MAKE PERSONAL APPEARANCE
SAN FRANCISCO APRIL TWENTYEIGHT, NEXT.
ADMINISTRATIVE DATA:
RE SAN FRANCISCO TELETYPE TO NEW YORK, APRIL TWENTYFOUR,
LASTo CAPTIONED RM.
LOS ANGELES AND SACRAMENTO ADVISED AIR MAIL,
LETTERHEAD MEMORANDUM FOLLOWS,,
END.
- 2 -
C,
ALL INFORHEIN IS
RTAINEI
2/UCLRP/PJ/EH
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year's May 2 Black Panther visitto the Capitol, a busicad of about,50 members of the black para--military group from Oakland to-day staged a noon demonstrationbefore the Capitol.
Bobby Seale, present leader ofthe Panthers, condemned the)
Suspension of the parole of oneof the best-known Panthers,writer Eldridge Cleaver.
Seale repeated accusationsmade last May 2 by Hucy P.,Newton, Panther minister of de-jfense, that "black people aretdisarmed and powerless" while'America fights a "racist warof genocide in Vietnam."
Cleaver's wife, Kathleen, de-livered, a plea for the release
:of her writer-husband and con-demned, as did Scale, what theytermed a "racist conspiracy" todecimate the Black PantherParty.
Asked why the Panthersbrought no weapons, Seale re-Iplied there is no need, that themilitance of the Panthers isknown.
"We're saying like Malcolm'X did: either the ballot or thebullet," said Seale, now a can-didate for an Oakland Assemblydistrict seat.
Tight security prevailed in thel!Capitol today. Gov. Ronald Rea-gan was in his office when the
.Panthers arrived via bus short-ly after noon today. Numerous
*uniformed and plainclothes po-'lice were on duty.
Scale said "definitely" whenasked if the assassination of
'Dr. Martin Lutheri King, Jr.'had prompted membership inthe Black Panther party toclimb.
He said every time the "pow-er structure," provokes a nci-2dent concerning the pariv or itsimembers, the membership in-1creases.'
rW;ui Clipping In Space Below)
1
ALL IMFOPATION CONTAINEDHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIEDDATE 09-15-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL
- O~ J- I
URGENT
5/1 /68
TO SACRAMENTO AND SAT FRANCISCO
FROM DIRECTOR
BLACK PANTHER PARTY, RACIAL IATTE:RS.
INFORMATION RECEIVED FROM -ASSISTANT CIIEF OF STAFF FOR
INTELLIGENCE, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, THAT BLACK PANTHER PARTY
MtEMIlBERS PLAN TO REVTSIT CALIFORNIA STATE CAPITOL MAY TOO, NEXT,
IN COMMEMORATION OF MAY TWO, LAST, ARMED DEMONSTRATION IN STATE
ASSEMBLY CHAMBERS. PLANS INCLUDE STOP OVER AT VACAVILLE TO VISIT
ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, BLACK PANTHER LEADER. SOURCE SHOWN AS
CALIEO2NIA ARMY NATIONAL GUARD AS FURL ISHED TO ONE HUNDRED
ONE FIVE MILITARY INTELLIGENCE GROUP, SACRAMENTO, NO INDICATIONb 6
OF DISSEMINATION TO FBI LOCALLY. b7C
IF NOT ALREADY DONE, SACRAMENTO NOTIFY APPROPRIATE STATE AND.
LCCIL OFFICIALS. SA FLALCISOO COIQTACT SOURCES FOR1 ,ICSEARCHED ,.g '
AND ADVISE SACRAMENTC. /) )IAa
F -''AC f;,',
TOA: 8:17PMDECODED: jem
If the intelligence contained in the above message is to be disseminated outside the Bureau, it is suggested that it be suitablyparaphrased in order to protect the Bureau's cryptographic systerns.
9INFORM-AIN IS TIT0-5
IRTEL AIR UAIL
DIRECTOR, FBI (105-165706)
ERO& : SAC, SACRAMENTO (157-52) (
5UBJE CT: BLACK AlNTHERS PART (BPP)RACIAL MiVTTERS
Re Bureau teletype to Sacramento and San Fran-cisco, 5/1/68; and San Francisco airtel and LIM, 4/29/68.
Enclosed for the Bureau are eight (8) copies ofa letterhead meoranduim. Six (6) copies are enclosed forSan Francisco.
3 - Bureau (Encls. 8) (R)2 - San Francisco (Encs. 6) (RM)
1 - 157-12041 - USA, San Francisco1 - Secret Service, San Francisco
- Sacraento
(7)
.ARcl I t
SERIALZ
D-36 (Rev. 5-22-61)
F I4/29/63
Date:
transmit the following in(Type in plaintext or code)
Via AIRTEL AIR MAIL(Priority)
---------------------------------------------------------------------- L
TO: DIRECTOR, FBI (105-165706) AL NwoMelow CONAN:DHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED
FROM SA, SA FRNCISO (57-104)DATE 09-15-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHLFROM: SAC, SAN FRANCISCO (157-1204)-
SUBJECT: BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP), akaBLACK PANTHER PARTY FORSELF DEFENSE (BPPSD)RACIAL MATTERS
Re San Francisco airtel to Bureau, 4/12/68,and San Francisco teletype to Bureau, 4/25/68.
Enclosed for the Bureau are eight copies of LHMand one copy each of LHM to Newark, New York, Los Angelesand Sacramento Offices. Copies of this LHM have been
3 - Bureau (Encls. 8) (RM)1 - Newark (End. 1) (Info.) (RM)1 - New York (Encl. 1) (Info.) (RM)
- Los Angeles (End. 1) (Info.) (RM)Sacramento (Encl. 1),,TInfo.) (RM)
- San Francisco <"'V
(2 - 157-1204)
(1 - 157-1057) ((1 - 157- )(1 - 157-1199) ((1 - 100-55520) LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER)(1 - 157- )(1 - 100- )D(1 - 157- )((1 - 157- )((1 -157- )((1 -157- )((1 -157-1229)((1 -100-53950)(
WJW:bja(24)
Approved: SentSpecial Agent in Charge
1 - 157-266)(RACIAL MATTERS-OAKLAND)
1 - 157-400(RACIAL MATTERS--
,SF Division)-i ii 100-56678
(NDEXEEp)
SF 157-1204WJW :bja
furnished to the Newark, New York, Los Angeles and SacramentoOffices because it contains information re activities ofindividuals located in that division.
The source utilized in the LHII is a. confidentialSOUTCel b7D
(concealed by request), which notavailable for recontact cr for the purpose of furnishing;testimony.
This LHM has been classified confidential in-asmuch as it contains information furnished by the afore-mentioned source.
- 2 -
FD-350 (Rev. 7-16-63)
9.L INFOUTIONEREIN IS UNCLAS1TE 09-15-2008
(Mount Clipping in Space Below)
a ck a ntherfectred, at Friday
oon eace an-reedoim ralk
The seemingly incongruousOcoalition of the militant!.Black Panther party and thePeace and Freedom party'statewide came to BakersfieldFriday when a Peace andFreedom party rally at Cali-fornia Avenue park featuredthree Black Panther leaders,including Southern CaliforniaChairman Stormont Banks.
Although ThTT Thn%'r? in-sisted they are "non-violent"and believe only in self-de-fense, they were frank in ad-mitting they have declaredwar on police who are notfrom within their own com-munities".
Banks and Panthers LalryPowe I and Robert Lawrence,arrayed in their black beretsand black coats adorned withpolitical buttons. took turns atthe microphone to call for sup-port of their movement andtheir party's 10-point program,
which demands, among otherthings;
-"that Black men be ex-empt from military service;
-"the immediate withdraw-al of police from the Blackcommunity;
-"that the Black peoplehave the power to determinetheir own destiny;
-"full employment;-"decent housing
n education that expos-ies the true nature of this dec-1adent American society and ahistory that will tell our rolein the present day society;
-"freedom for Black menheld in federal, state, county,city prisons and jails; and
-"that all Black peoplewhen brought to trial to be.tried in court by a jury oftheir peer group or people 4from their Black community ,..".
,,_AWtough the Panthers in
(9 N
(Indicate page, name ofnewspaper, city and state.)
Page 1 and 14.BakersfieldNews Bullentin,Bake rsfield,
- California
Date: 4/28/68Edition:
Author:
Editor: JUDY CLAUSETitle: Black Panther
Party
Character: S7.Or
Classification:
Submitting Office:
Being Investigated
t) I, -
ACHED INDEXED___iRIlAtl2ED_.. FLD
FBI SACRAMENTO
'3
Ac Pnther Party
s'irlhey are "non-violent7Lawrence said, "Our freedommust be obtained by anymeans necessary . . . it's upto you, and you, and you. If aguy confronts you with a gunand you blow him away . . . isthat violence or is it self de-fense?'" .
The "police", who were con-"'iftfi'ly referred to as "pigs"
are the Panthers' most hatedtargets. Powell called for anend to "police brutality" and"murder of Black people" andLawrence said, "You've got tostop it now because we' arer a p i d l y approaching geno-cide."
Lawrence pointed to HueyNewton, the Panthers' Minis-ter of Defense, who is jailedin Oakland charged with at-.tempted murder and kidnap-'ping.
Lawrence said the only thing"the white man in this country
respectss is violence and he iurged, "You've got to take upyour gun. You've got to defendlyourself. You've got to showthat you are tired and will notstand for any more."
Although the Panthers wereapplauded on several occa-sions, not everyone in the au-dience agreed with their for-mula for success: One elderlyNegro man said, "I'm a Black
"man and I have no complaintagainst the white man."
Powell answered with,"We're not talking to you.You're satisfied. I'm talking tothe black people who are notsatisfied. I'm speaking to thewhite people who are not satis-fied."
A young man in the audiencedisagreed with Lawrence's di-atribe against the police, say-
;ing they are only representa-) tive of the "white power struc-. ture".
Said Lawrence, "We don'tDenieve in going out in the 11white community indiscrimi-nately. We don't believe in at- 1tacking people. We believe indefending ourselves from at-tacks of the racist pig cops inour communities. We wanthim out of here, because wewant to determine the destinyof our community."
He went on to charge thepolice are "tools of the whitepower structure to keep you
In a Black Panther partypamphlet made available tothe group, it states the Pan-thers believe they "can endpolice brutality in our blackcommunity by or gani z ingblack self-defense groups thatare dedicated to defending thecommunity from racist police-ioppression and brutality."
Banks confined his remarks i' continued on page 4) L ,
Miss Dunn also charged,1"The Black Panthers havebeen ludicriouslv distorted inthe press as a militaristic vio-lent group out to take overthe white community. Theywant control of the Black coin-munity. They want control oftheir own institutions and theywant freedom from intimida-tion from poece harrassmlentand the Peace and Freedomparty supports this."
The stated purpose of therally was to support the "stu-dent Strike against the war inViet Nam, the draft and racialinjustice". 4 -
Black Panthers(Continued from Page 1)
to a plea for support fromBakersfied residents, notingthere is no Black Panther par-ty in this city.
Miss Feggy'\ Dunn a co-chairman df' th"eace andFreedom party inKern Coun-ty explained the Black Pan-
,4bu-Efgace and Freedom coahi-hion with: "The Black Pantherparty is primarily aimed atthe self defense of the Blackcommunity. It is not involvedin any attack on the whitecommunity. They are defend-ing themselves under theirrights as guaranteed by theConstitution. The Peace andFreedom party supports theirright to self defense."
-2-
9 9I .
R: p anh part
.100-
-News Bulletin Photo
SHERMONT BANKS, head of the Black Ponther party in Southern California, spoke at aPeace and Freedom party rally in California Avenue park Friday afternoon, staged in sup-port of the Student Strike against "the war in Viet Nam, the draft and racial injustice." i
iBanks, and two fellow Black Panthers-Larry Powell and Robert Lawrence, explained their!party's 10O-point program, which includes organization of armed groups for defense pur- 1poses. i .- .
-3-
:' UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
In Reply, Please Refer to _File Nv Im
San Francisco, California
DECLASSIFIED BY 60322/UCLP/PJ/EHL29, 1968ON 09-15-2008
BLACK PANTHER PARTY BPP),also known asBLACK PANTHER R PARTY ORSELF-DEFENSE (BPPSD)
Reference San Francisco memorandum Uated April 12,1968.
Copies of this memorandum are being furnishedlocally to Army, Air Force, Navy, Secret Service and theUnited States Attorney's Office.
The April 25, 1968 issue of the "'Oakland Tribune",Oakland, California daily newspaper, on.page one, columnsone and two, contained articles captioned, "Gain: PanthersAre a 'Threat'" - 'Chief Issues Warning"- "Shootout Result:8 Indicted" which stated in part as follows:
"Oakland Police Chief Charles Gaincharged today that the Black Panther Partyis a threat to the peaceful persons, both
black and white, in this community.'
h 'Their irrational statements regard-ing the police, calling the police murder-ers and demanding that they do not policethe minority community, are both ridiculousand irrational.'
Then, sitting very straight at a longtable surrounded by reporters and camera-
~SEARCIHEL)D .~IEESERIALIZED LF EJ.
Ec -cd FB - SACRAMENTOdwn. ig a n e cI1is3"IfJat
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusionsof the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to youragency; it and its contents are not to be distributed outsideyour agency.
U-.0*
BLACK PAN
0
THER PARTY (DPP)
men, the chief warned:
'All reasonable persons, bbth blackand white, in this city should recognizethem for what they are and let th m knowthat their irrationality will not betolerated.'
The chief also attacked pres state-ments by Charles Garry, a Panther defenseattorney, calling them 'a serious disser-vice to the people .of this community.'
" 'Regarding the vicious allegationsmade against the police: since the shootingincident there has been a great deal ofsounding off in the press and TV by Mr.Charles Garry, attorney for the BlackPanthers, to the effect that the police aremurderers.
" 'His intemperate and false statementshave appeared to be designed to.agitate andspread false propaganda,' the chief said.
"The Alameda County Grand Jury exoneratedOakland police in the shoot-out death of.BlackPanther Party treasurer Bobby Hutton, re-vealing that he had been nabbed by.officersand was shot when he broke and ran fromthem.
"A formal statement of -vindication fromthe jury accompanied the attempted murderindictment voted against eight Panthersarrested in connection with the April 6West Oakland gunfight.
;The jury statement said:
" 'We find that the police conduct
e
BLACK PANT
0
HER PARTY (BPP)
in the death of Rcbert Hutton was lawful.'
The eight, including Eldridge Cleaver,32, party information minister, appearedfor arraignment today before Su erior CourtJudge Redmond C. Staats on charges ofattempted murder.and assault against policeofficers.
"Judge Staats continued the hearinguntil 10 a.m. May 16 to allow defenselawyers time for legal pleas includinga motion for reduction of bail.
"All are held in lieu of $50,000bail, except Cleaver, whose bail is $75,000..A bid for immediate reduction of bailwas denied by Judge Staats.
"Besides Cleaver, those indicted wereCharles Bursey, 21; Terry Cotton, 21.David Hilliard, 25; Donnell Lankford, 18;John L. Scott, 17; Wendell Wade, 23, andWarren Wells, 21.
The April 23, 1968 issue of the "San FranciscoChronicle", San Francisco, California daily newspaper,on page three, columns one and two, contained an articlecaptioned, Panthers' Suit Against Police" which statesin part as follows:
"The Black Panthers went to Federalcourt here yesterday to stop Oakland andAlameda-County from harrassing andprosecuting them and all black persons.
"Judge William T. Sweigert set May 2for a court hearing on an injunction soughtby the Panthers.
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (EPP)
"That is just four days before theOakland trial of Huey P. Newton, ministerof defense for the Panthers, on a chargeof murder. And the Federal suit asksthat that trial be halted.
"'In addition to injunctions againstharassment and prosecutions, .the Panthersare asking the courts to declare certainparts of the California Penal Code un-constitutional.
-These sections include chargeslodged against variousnembers of thePanthers, and include murder, kidnappingassault with a deadly weapon, plus sectionsdealing with selection of a grand jury,indictment by that jury and prosecutionafter such an indictment.
"Their suit is aimed, said Pantherattorney Charles Carry, at preventing 'thechaos which exists in the ghettos ofOakland' because of alleged police har-assment.
"The suit, which charges Oaklandwith violating the rights of Panthersunder the First and 14th Amendments, statesthe Oakland police, 'motivated by whiteracism,' have 'undertaken to destroy theBlack Panthers.'
"Police there, the suit said,harass Panthers 'to kill, to maiE and towound' them.
zi : w i 1: . .....
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP)
On April 25, 1968, a source advised that theBPP plans a massive protest around trial of Huey P.Newton, Minister of Defense, BPP, during the period ofMay 2-14, 1968, to be known as the lInternational DaysOf Black Revolutionary Protest.." Plans reportedly includegeneral boycott of Oakland, California stores, caravan toSacramento, California to commemcrate the May 2, 1967 BPParmed envasion of the California L lative Assembly,teach-ins and massive march and demonstration at the AlamedaCounty Courthouse, Oakland, on May 6, 1968, the day Newton'strial on murder charges was scheduled to begin. BPP .will demand that Newton must have public trial and -thathe be set free by May 14, 1968.
A leaflet widely distributed throughout theSan Francisco Bay Area captioned, "Mlay 2 - Black PantherDay", lists the schedule of events for that date as follows:
9:00 A.M.:
-Support Bobby Seale atAlameda County Courthouse(Oakland, California)
Immediately Following:
Caravan to Sacramento, California,return to State Capitol, SupportEldridge Cleaver, demonstration atParole Board
10:00 A.M..
San Francisco, Federal Building450 Golden Gate, hearing on Pantherinjunction against Oakland
2:00 P.M.:
Free Black People Rally
b6b7C
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (BPP)
De Fremery Park, 18th andAdeline, Oakland.
This leaflet also announced that a massivemarch and demonstration to free iluey (Huey P. Newton)will be held at the Alameda County Courthouse at a dateto be announced.
Also distributed in the San Francisco Bay Areawas a mimeographed leflet of the Peace and Freedom Move-ment announcing a Free Huey Workshop" to be held onMay 2 at 8:00 P.M. at the Jefferson School Auditorium.Berkeley, California. The announced purpose of this work-shop was to hear discussions on "The Facts and GeneralConditions Surrounding the Case of Huey. P. Newton, Ministerof Defense, Black Panther Party, and candidate for theCongress of the United States.J
On April 25, 1968, the aforementioned sourceadvised that of US, Los Angeles, and a contingentof the US organization of Los Angeles were expected toparticipate in the rInternational Days of Black RevolutionaryProtest" at Oakland, California beginning May 2, 1963.
US is a militant black nationalistorganization having headquarters in LosAngeles, California.
This source also advised thatBlack Student Union (BSU), San Francisco State College, SanFrancisco, California, had arranged form of Newark, New Jersey to make personal appearance.at San Francisco, California April 28', 1968. I in-dicated that would be available forparticipation in the BPP "International Days of BlackRevolutionary Protest."
The BSU of San Francisco StateCollege is a militant black nationalistorganization which is recognized by theAdministration of that college as a
b6. b7C
BLACK PANTHER PARTY (EPP)
student organization.
This same source advised that, BPF, had indicated that she
planned to travel to New York City on or about April 24,1968 for the purpose of enlisting support and a personalappearance with certain leaders of the Student NonviolentCoordinating Committee (SINCC) at the BPP event scheduledfor May 2-14, 1968.
A characterization of SNCC iscontained in the Appendix.
On April 29, 1968, this source advised thathad found it necessary to cancel ,her
trip to New York City in order to attend a two-dal! meetingof the BPP at Oakland, California which was called forthe purpose of developing new leadership to replace thoseBPP leaders who were incarcerated or were busily engagedin speaking engagements for BPP.
i A characterization of the BPPSDis contained in the Appendix.
On April 29, 1968, Sergeant|, Intelli-.gence Unit, Oakland Police Department, advised thatHuey P. Newton is scheduled to make an appearance beforeJudge Monroe Friedman, Superior Court of Alameda County,Oakland, California on April 30, 1968 for continuationof hearings on motions of discovery of the prosecutionwitness list. Sergeant White stated that there are strongindications that the trial of Newton on murder chargesscheduled for May 6, 1968 will be postponed to May-16, 1968.
STUDENT NONVIOLENT COORDTNA.TING COMMITTEE
Literature distributed by the Student NonviolentCoordinating Committee (SNCC), headquartered at 360 - 362Nelson Street, S.W., Atlanta, Georgia, describes itselfas not being a membership organization, but rather an agencyattempting to stimulate and foster the growth of local pro-test movements. SNCC was born out of the sit-in movementwhich erupted across the South beginning on February 1, 1960.A conference at Raleigh, North Carolina, that Spring, broughttogether many of the demonstrating Southern students in aloose network of militant youth which was officially namedSNCC in October, 1960.
A source has advised that in May, 1966, STOKELYCARMICHAEL was elected National Chairman by the CentralCommittee. In May, 1967, CAPMICHAEL was replaced as Chairmanby H. RAP BROWN, with CARMICHAEL assuming the position ofRecruiter and Organizer for the SNCC. In August, 1967, atthe invitation of FIDEL CASTRO, CARMICHAEL participated inthe Organization of Latin American Solidarity Conferencewhich was held in Havana, Cuba. Subsequent thereto, CARMICHAELtraveled to Hanoi and other sections of North Vietnam. Hereturned to the United States in December, 1967, at whichtime his passport was picked up because of travel to unauthorizedcountries.
A source advised that when CARMICHAEL was electedChairman of SNCC, the organization embarked on a program ofeliminating Caucasians from its ranks. With the election ofH. RAP BROWN as Chairman in 1967, it embarked on a world-wide struggle for human rights and to take a firm standagainst violations of these rights by the American Governmentand to strengthen its programs of opposition to the draft andto the United States involvement in Vietnam.
Literature distributed in February, 1968, identifiesSNCC as an organization in the revolutionary vanguard. It ad-vocates that to be successful it is necessary to develop arevolutionary ideology and revolutionary program.
On August 13, 1967, while addressing a group in theWatts area of Los Angeles, Califcrnia, H. RAP BROWN said, "Youbetter shape up America, or we'll burn you down." Later inFebruary, 1968, in a publicized note-BROWN wrote, America,if it takes my death to organize my people to revolt againstyou and to organize your jails to revolt against you and toorganize your children, your God, your poor, your country,and to organize mankind to rejoice in your destruction and ruin,then here's my life."
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
San Francisco, California
April 29, 1968
BLACK PANTHER PARTY
Reference San Francisco memorandumdated and captioned asabove.
All sources (except any listed below) whoseidentities are concealed in referenced communication havefurnished reliable information in the past.
ALL INFOM1
HEREIN I'SDATE 09-15
[ED50322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL.
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusionsof the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned toyour agency: it and its contents are not to be distributedoutside your agency.
In.Reply, Please Refer toFile No.
Titl
LU
Best Available Copy.
-ALL IFO
EEIN TDAT 09- )8 BT- 50322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL
SAC, AN Ri&cScO (100-4is41)
8A, LAS VYGAS (157-130) )
BLC PZTER PAT
F O R I97 D F R S S P D
eSn Erimcisco airtel to Director, dated: /15/68.
|In, :::vada, was contracted
pur'cnses oI gusr oy the iditv tdUal mentiocd in rafcrenedxirtel would be isnnediately reported to the £Reno A.On Z/n/8, Isrector Pown Sh31op Sqlund icnO PID,
t hsIc been cJIletely coertivc with tbe iAgency in the pastt, advised that no local law enforcement
N::or:zy in th AiQHeno Ir oltamins lI1ts of newu purYchMS.re, sated thlrAt the only ist obtcatend is the puI. W___stted that if ll" obtain V Sy r inox ontt'cc~ncening a Ilarge purchase of gun, uy question:70le individual,
hec* would advise the crto RA of mate.
On 4/17/6, l w Ws rncontacted bySA |und radviscd that the ollowing
e gns be has sold to.hgcets snco prior contact.
On 3/23/L, he sold two "HG", .33 co t oibcr,special1 revolvers, ser~ial rnumbers Im landl b
tone tkx-si , .2S c1li2 e speciaSnl rev ?tOlver? serMial :1 netrFl od 2:Br ing maillitaeter autoinatic,a tof list ing ak res idence of I
4 On Franclsco (3 - 100-i8841)(1 - 100-586870) (RM~)7 C 27
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'HD'
(1I 5-1 9
F SAC RV ENTOS O
91
b6
b7C
IS 157e130
San rncisco, California. exhibited his draftcatd waen purchasing £be guns.
On 3/23/68 he sold three Browning ' 1"wt ,
serial nuab-eryl toIlirtng so is ot I MOPland, Caliornia,
who exhibited blo draft card.
c 4/3/63, he nold three .38 mcaliber revolvers,"Charter Arms" make, bearing seral numbers
and [011on Browning, 9 dlliciator autcmn tic rus tol,bearing. serial number m and one Astra brtnd . 25caiber zrutomtic., 'eriii e'riai number ,TTTT to
riti tia an address ofan Ani cClornio. The above adres was tEIaln
irom a California driverrs license Boo.exhibited by| [J All then above thrcte individualswere young Negroa wales who had the same type of Uuahy stylehaircut.
Im lon 3/22/68, sold on "R-10".t2 caliber pistol, seril. number to
was an older 14-rro Liale rndemployed by |3i)u Francisco. Hedid nzt Vppear to be stnilar in any wny to the other threeindividuals listed above.
For the information oF Sacrnmento, inreferenced communication, Sn Franci sco set forth informationCcnl~crningl the recent rurciase and possession ot weaponsby cymbers of tr5 th4 e 'A InVo.stiation dicoe since10/21/37, 64 had guns had been rurchan& Lor cAsh by±our individuals believed to uo members or conrkected withthe DPPS!, from|- |Rno, Iernd.
Tndividuals purchasing same iated Californiaaddresses.
For the information of San Francisco,by airtel dated 4/U/!, caution'd' "2ale of 2aciine Guns
and Otbor ve;oons bay , ino, Iovnd to 1aryrossl~ Californiia, Sairaento Divisiou advised as olltws:
-2-
b6nr b7C
LV 157-130
A aifo r nia Hi May-a Patrol officer, Sacrnento relatedthat he had been told thatalu,_1 snaVp Rina; in , &ao> Cent Xy aetL. 4 to on
rHearo, ma le,
gnIs ofl the type use4 in Viet a, to N grees roxIQoria,
L U ps G Zs i- th roces of v
and I (LY file 157-139).
LA 9 V=GAS
III aaintain contact ith
I - . .. is t
FD-36 (Rev. 2--74)
ALL :HEPIDATE
F 8HAT I ON
3 UNCLAL5-2008
Transmit the following in
AIRTEL
Date: 2/17/77
(Type in plaintext or code)
AIR MAIL
(Precedence)
TO: DIRECTOR, FBIATTN: Records Management Division
Freedom of Information -Privacy Act Unit
FROM:
SUBJECT:
ADIC, LOS ANGELES (190-yEW) (1) (P)
ELDRIDGE. JGMV9,CLARENCE M. KELLEYET AL(U.S.D.C., D.C.)CIVIL ACTION NUMBER 76-795FREEDOM OF INFORMATIONACT (FOIA) MATTERBuded 2/18/77
Re Bureau telephone calls to Los Angeles, 2/14/77and 2/15/77, and Bureau teletype to Los Angeles dated 2/15/77.
Enclosed for the Bureau are two copies of allserials from main files identifiable with ELDRIDGE CLEAVER,
and the Black Panther Party (BPP) concerningthe information between the dates of 8/1/67 - 4/30/68. Alsoenclosed are two copies each of all serials from references to <ELDRIDGE CLEAVER and between the dated 8/1/67 -.4/30/68.
indicateThe results of
the followina/,Avlices search at Los Angeles.es or references were located:
REG 6 -41si
34 FEB 211977
-mmm -w
Sent M Per
S17 0 APR2 GPO : 1975 0 - 590-992
b 7 C
I (Enc.igeles
harge
ak
$100
LA 190-NEW
LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER
100-70073-503,505(Peace and Freedom Party, California StateConvention, Richmond, California)
100-70038-142,143 b6
b7C
157-2323*(LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, RM-BPP)
157-1618-60,61(BPP)
I I
157-2248*RM-BPPSD)
157-1618- 59
157-1618-59(BPP, aka BPP for Self Defense)
BPP
157-2268*(Peace and Freedom Party and BPP Sponsored Rally,Sunset and Vine, Los Angeles, California, 4/16/68)
157-1618*(BPP, IS-MISCELLANEOUS)
- 2* -
b2b7D
FD-36 (Rte;. 1-27-76)
TRANSMIT VIA:
F- Teletype
E- Facsimile
[X) Airtel
FBI
PRECEDENCE:
- Immediater Priority
F-1 Routine
I0CLASSIFICATION:
E- TOP SECRET
-- SECRET
E- CONFIDENTIALr] E F T O
ALL INFLATION COTAINEDLEARHEREIN IS UNJCLASSIFIED CLA
DATE 09-15-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL Date 2/17/77
TO: DIRECTOR, FBI// (ATTENTION: RECORDS MANAGEMENT DIVISION,FREEDOM OF INFORMATION-PRIVACY ACTS BRANCH)
V SAC, SAN FRANCISCO (66- 556)
T: ELDRIDGE1 'LEAVER V.CLARENCE M. KELLEY, ET AL.,(U.S.D.C., D.C.)CIVIL ACTION NO. 76-795FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA) MATTERBUDED FEBRUARY 18, 1977
Re Bureau teletype to San Francisco and otheroffices dated 2/15/77.
Enclosed for the Bureau is one Xerox copy ofall Serials pertaining to main files and references relatedto ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, , and the Black PantherParty as requested in referenced teletype.
Also enclosed for the Bureau are 2 Xerox copiesof Form FD-160 which are indices search slips revealingthe files located in the San Francisco Office.
For assistance of the Bureau, the indicessearch slips are attached to the packages containing theXerox pages, extracted from the files which fall withinthe August 1, 1967 through April 30, 1968 period of time,and are separated by rubber bands to correspond with theFD-160 for the pertinent period. -9%7
The enclosed Serials represent all of the recordscontained in the Sa'. frncisco files for the above period,even those records which had been previously forwarded tothe Bureau at the time of the investigation. Pinclude lA exhibit envelopes and bulky exhibits records forthat period.
- / /.LCJ 1u51
-)- Bureau (1 p'aE ge)3 - San FranciscoTJAH/cea(6)
70 2Approved: Transmitted
(Number) (Time)Per
QF F I C E
TO:
M E 0 A N D U M UNITED S TES GOVERNMENT
SAC, LOS ANGELEs (100-68137)
FROM:
DATE: 4/10/68
SA| ISUBJECT:
SM-C
ACTIVITY
Generalinformationre: F _
3/21/bb.
RECEIVED AGENT
3/28/68 Writer
LL INERE IN
LOCATIONb2b6b7Cb7D
COT
BY 6( )E
Informant's report is quoted as foll-ws:
"Canoga Par-:March 28, 1968
"The following information was learned during aconversation with on March 21. 1968.
W Iwas very disappointed in the Peace and FreedomParty's failure to nominate as its Vice Presidentialcandidate in Richmond, California recently. He claims that he willwork for ROBERT F. KENNEDY'8 election if Peace and Freedom doesn'tnominate a real revolutionary as its Presidential candidate at theirNational Convention.
CC: 1 - ALBUQUERQUE (REGISTERED)100- |
/
100-70073 (PFP)100-61558 | A
00 7 ELD EDGE CLEAVER)157-1503 BLACK PANrL R PARTY100-41391100-66686
(9) Read by
-~
I/~ ;K -,
i
f-rn'
~ ~
U I
Q1, )(
II
SOURCE
b2b7D
b-6b'7
LA 100-68137
'1 Said he was invited to help organize supportfor KENNEDY in the ghetto.
' said that didn't attend the Richimondconvention because he was back East organizing for the Peace andFreedom Party.
-'1 said that CLEAVER of the Black Panther b7CParty had nominated for candidate at theP & F Convention.
' said that has announced that he willrun for District Attorney in L.A. _Jwill work onifund raising committee.
"According to ,I wi1 do the following ifelected:
"l. Indict Chief REDDIN for his department's actionat Century Plaza June 23, 1968.
"2. Investigate the corrupt L.A. Police Department.
"3. Prosecute policemen guilty of malpractice.
"4. Legalize marijuana."
ACTION:Informant was thoroughly interviewed concerning the
above and could add nothing further.
All necessary action in connection with this memohas been taken by the writer.-
-2-
FD-36 (Rev 2-474)
FBI
Date: 2/17/77
Transmit the following in
Via AT RT EL
(Type in plaintext or code)
(Precedence)
TO: DIRECTOR, FBIATTENTION: RECORDS MANAGEMENT DIVISION
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION-PRIVACYACTS BRANCH
FROP SAC, SAN DIEGO (190-3)
SUBJECT: ELDRIDGE 'CLEAVERVSCLARENCE M. KELLY;ET AL(U.S.D.C., D.C.)CIVIL ACTION NUMBER 76-795FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA)
MATTER
Re Bureau teletype dated 2/15/77.
Enclosed herewith for the Bureau arexeroked copies of documents.
Aight (8)
Indices for San Diego were searc for allmain fi]#sidentifiable with LEROY ELDRIDA EAVR,
and the Black Panther Party (BPP).Indices were also checked for all references on ELDRIDGE
CLEAVER. files were reviewe r4
Bureau (Enc. 7QSan Diego
JRRmlr(3)
Approved: , ) SentS ASpec Agent in Charge5A 6 -Wy
y
M Per
GPO: 1975 0 - 590-992
_-W4
SD 190-3
information concerning these individuals for a period of8/1/67 through 4/30/68. No information was identifiablewith either CLEAVER.
The enclosed documents were extracted fromSan Diego File 100-13978 entitled "BLACK PANTHER PARTY,RM - BPP."
Indices reveal under Black Panther Party amain file (SD 44-428) which has not been located todate. Date on index card is shown as July, 1969.
-2-
EL
OPTIONAL FORt.No 0 . to is4'MAY %M2 EDIT'Cj
s Gs. REG. no. mIJN!TED STATES cENT
MemorandumTO : C. /Jj-/37/c,7J7
FROM :
DATE: 5/y " / Pe
/PJ/EHI
SUBJECT: A 2CSTh~L~ 1/4 tA.
, T" tyj ,t/(
(In,
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LL~L -
/Li
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frtlI I(2$, '~('-A 3
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(ZY,, .-~
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/
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F 9 1 S AND I EGO
FRI SAN FRAN ALL INForHTIDM co1TAINEDHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED
1230 PM URGENT 4-19-68 TR3 DATE 09-15-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL
TO LOS ANGELES AND SAN DIEGO
FROM SAN FRANCISCO (157-1204)
BLACK PANTHER PARTY, PjKA BLACK PANTHER PARTY FOR SELF DEF;NS; E-B3FPr
INFORMATION RECEIVED TODAY FROM INT ELLI GENCE UNI
OAKLAND PDs THAT BLACK PANTHER PARTY
(BPP)s ALONG WIT UNKNOWN NEGRO WOMAN LEFT THE SAN FRANCISCO
BAY AREA WEDN.E'SDAY AND IS BELIEVED TO BE IN LOS ANGELES- ALSCO THAT
BPPs AND
LPPs L.FT '....N ... ICI"C, A
APPROXV1ATELY SAME TIME AND IS IN SAN DIEGO.
DESCRIBED NEGROE iMALE, BORN
FIVE FEET TEN, ONE FIVE FIVE POUNDS SLENEF
BLACK HAIR> WORN NORMAL. NOT NATURAL, BROWN EYES:
NO MIOUSTACHE.
DESCRIBED FIVE FEET FIVE TO FIVE FEET SI,
MEDIUM BUILD* ONE TWO FIVE POUNDS> MEDIUM-DARK COMPLEXION, HAI R
NATURAL,
DESCRIBED AS NEGROP T ENTYTHREEp FIVE FElT 1
SLENDER> LIGHT BROIN COMPLEXION, BROWN HAIR WORN NATURAL, STANDS
OUT, FEATURES - FINE, ATTRACTIVE*
FOR INFORMATION.
OTHER OFFICE ADVISED
FDI SANDIEGO
I
OPTIONAL FORM NO to 50t-105*AV 1962 EDITIONUSA GEN. REG. NO. v7
UNITED STATES C' WMENT
MemorandumTO : SAC (1 DATE: 5/2/68
FROM : SA I I ALL INFOHERTIN I
SUBJECT: BLXCK PANTHER PARTY /-- D
RM
PTION CONTrAINEDS UNICLASSIFIED
-15-2008 BY 60322/
Attached pamhlet re Black Pahther Party furnished byon 5/1/68.
ror file only.
EIP :emp
b2b7D
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00.1f -- S~UJL
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31
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orderedMalcolm X was murdered.
Martin Luther King was murdered.
Both were 39; both wereministers, one Baptist, oneMuslim. Both were unarmed. ALL NFomrT:
HEREIN IS IJMEMinister of Defense DATE 09-15-2C
Huey P. Newton was shot byOakland pigs attempting tomurder him. He is charged withmurder and-attempted murder,facing a death sentence.
Minister of InformationEldridge Cleaver was shot byOakland pigs attempting tomurder him. He is charge with3 counts of attempted murder,and now that his parole hasbeen revoked, faces lifeimprisonment.
Brother Malcolm, Dr. King, HueyP. Newton, and Eldridge Cleaverall laid their lives on the linefor BOBBY HUTTON. Brother Bobbyis dead, murdered by an Oaklandpig. He.died fighting for our
freedom.FUNERAL AT STAR BETHEL CHURCHStanford and San Pablo, Oakland
11:15 Friday, April 12
MEMORIAL AT MERRITT PARK 1:30 pm(across the street from Alameda
County Courthouse)
PROCESSION TO JAIL for
Eldid gefollowing memorial
BODY IN STATE at Fouchette-HudsonFuneral Home, 37th and Telegraph
Oakland
9
N3 .4
BY 6( LRP/PJ/EHL
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Alt.?.4~' -.
\ I.
SA
44'
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3-
*0
SAC, SAN DIEGO (157-
SAI
RACIAL MATTERS
IORIMAT ION USE-D PRO4 THIS Mi.Oi SHOULD B,,TO FROECTITHE IDET2ITY OF THE1 INFORNAITT.
PAP~I~I-n~AST~!D
On wa scontacted by SA at which time he furnishedinformation which is filed as Thfoormant advisedhe had no further information in his possession at thist ime .
All necessary action, as indicated bycontents of this memo, has been takenwriter.
157-cc:
90 13976 (Black Panther Party)
theby the
READ B1Y
b2b7D
/ cG.'-c' /
.....................................
V..
c~
.- , P.
5/9/68
b6b7 C
RECOTMENDATION:
Fm -Rj'r P
L., I
FE *. 5-*1-59) .
FEDERAL BUREAU ODF INVESTIGATIONb6b7C
REPORTING OFFICE OFFICE OF ORIGIN DATE INVESTIGATIVE PERIOD
SAN FRAN.CISCO SAN FRANCISCO L5/2 3 / 6 8 2/16 - 5/20/68TITLE OF CASE /' i7, LPORT MADE BY TYPED UY
BfLACK PANTHER PARTY, aka CHARACTEOFCAS
Black Panther Party For Self-DefeiAse
RM
REFERENCE: Report of SA , datedNovember 16, 1967, at San Francisco,
.p*t. ALL INFLATION CONTAINEDHEREIN IS UNCLASSIFIED
ADMINISTRATIVE DATA DATE 09-15-2008 BY 60322/UCLRP/PJ/EHL
Copies of this report have been designated for Atlanta,Los Angeles, Las Vegas, Portland, San Diego, Seattle, Sacramento,Washington Field, and New York for information inasmuchas %hi pt i ri o. sp f i
to those offices.
Copies are also being disseminated locally to theArmy, Navy, Air Force and Secret Service and United StatesAttorney, San Francisco.
SPECIAL AGENTIN CHARGEAPPROVED
COPIES MADE:
7 - Bureau (105-165706)(RA)1 - LSA, San Francisco (RM)1 - Secret Service, San Francisco
(RM)2 - 115th MI Group (RM)1 - NISO, 12th ND (RMA)1 - OSI, 19th District (RM)
(SEE COVER PAGE B)Diseninction Record of Altched Report
Agency
Request Rocd.
Date Fwd.How Fwd.
By
DO NOT WR fTE IN SPACES BELOW
I - _______________
Notations -*
-VSEL)
SF 157-1204WJW: j 1
This report is classified Cnfid~ntinl becauseit contains information furnished by SF T-1 which, ifdisclosed, could possibly result in the loss of an informantof continuing value.
Case files have been opened for active investigationon those persons mentioned in this report as beingaffiliated with the Subject organization.
The bank information set forth in this report hasbeen summarized for the sake of brevity. The FD 302's coveringthe monitoring of the HUEY P. NEWTON Defense Fund checkingaccount at the 8th and Broadway Branch, Bank of America,Oakland, California, and the Black Panther Party CommercialAssociation Checking Account at the Emeryville Branch,Wells Fargo Bank, Emeryville, California, are filed in themain case file on this organization.
Agents who attended the HUEY P. NEWTON DefenseFund Rally held on February 17, 1968, at the OaklandMunicinal Auditorium. Oakland. California are SAE
SA and SA
On April 12, 1968, Agent Iobserved theBOBBY JAMES HUTTON Memorial gathering at the Oakland MuseumPark, Oakland, California, and heard JAMAES FORMAN, leader ofStudent Nonviolent Coordinating Corunittee (SNCC) give aspeech eulogizing the deceased.
-This report is for the most part the summary ofinformation previously furnished by LHM to the Bureau and to inter-ested offices and agencies.
.The firearms weapons-mentioned in this report ashaving been confiscated from Black Panther Party members orpurchased by Black Panther Party members heve been checkedthrough NCIC. The identifying data concerningtheseweapons has been recorded in this case file.
COPIES1 - Atlanta (RN)(Info.)1 - Los Angeles (RM) (Info.)1 - Las Vegas (R:1)(Info.) B1 - Portland (RM)(Info.)
San Diego (RM)(Info.)Seattle (RM)(Info.)
1 - WFO (RM)(Info.)1 - New York (Ri)(Info.)1 - Sacramento (RM) (Info.)4 - San Francisco (157-1204)
SF 157-1204WJW:jl
INFORMANTS
Identity of Source
SF T-i iswSF T-2 isa Reliable Source of
SF T-3 is
(BY REQUEST)
Of T- is-
SF T-5
(BY REQUEST)
SF T-6 is
SF T-7 is
(BY REQUEST)
SF T-8 is
b7D
File Where Located
w-
This report.
This report.
w-C-
COVER PAGE
@0 .5SF 157-1204WJW: j 1
LEADS
SAM FRANCISCO
AT SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. Will through informantsand established sources continue to follow the activitiesof this organization and submit a report within 90 days.
COVER PAGE
FD)-204 (Rev. 3-3-159)
UNiTl STATES DEPARTMENT OF JU E
1 - USA, San Francisco (R)1 - Secret Service, San Francisco (RA)2 - 115th MI Group (RM)
Copyto. 1 - NISO, 12th Naval District (RM)1 - OSI, 19th District (RM)
Office: SAN FRANCISCO5/23/68
Field Office File #: 157-1204Bureau File #:
105-16570G
BLACK PANTHER PARTY
DECLASON 09-
RACIAL MATTERS
Syno s:phe name of Black Panther Party for Self-Defense (BPPSD)changed to Black Panther Party (BPP) March, 1968. Nationalheadquarters located at 4421 Grove Street, Oakland, California.During 1968- general membershiD meetings of the BPP were heldat St. Augustine's Episcopal Church, Downs MemorialMethodist Church, and St. Philip's Community Church, Oakland,California. Merger of the BP? and Student NonviolentCoordinating Committee (SNCC) announced at February 17,1968, HUEY P. NEWTON Defense Rally, Oakland, California;H. RAPPBROWN named as Minister of Justice, BPP; JAMES FORMA'Nas Minister of Foreign Affairs, and STOKELY CARMICHAEL asPrime Minister of Afro-America* HUEY P. NEWTON, Ministerof Defense, BPP, incarcerated Alameda County Jail, Oakland,California, awaiting trial on charge of murder of an Oaklandpolice officer. The "International Days of Black RevolutionaryProtest" -June 5 - June 15, 1968, are focused on NEWTONs trial,scheduled for June 10, 1968. The BPP has entered into narrowcoalition with Peace and Freedom Party (PFP). The followingBPP leaders announced candidates for political office on thePFP ballot in the 1968 elections: BOBBY GEORGE SEALE, Chairman,for Assemblyman, 17th California State Assembly District; LEROY
C 1 D)E NT TIA-
' 2 Ecluned Dn autoni
j \$rdii -an (21asll o
This document contains neither recommrendations nor conclusions of the FBI. it is the property of the FBI and is loaned toYour agency; it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
Report of:Date:
Title:
b6b7C
Character:
SF 157-1204WJW:j1
ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, Minister of Information (incarcerated at CaliforniiState Medical Facility, Vacaville, California) for Presidentof the United States of America; HUEY P. NEWTON as Congressman,7th US, Congressional District.| b7D
On April 6, 1968, several members of the BPPincluding CLEAVER andwere involved in "shoot-out" with Oakland police officers,Oakland, California, which resulted in death of BOBBY JAMESHUTTON, age 17, a BPP member and injury to two police officersand two EPP members; arsenal of BPP weapons confiscated. b6On April 12, 1968, JAMES FORMAN, Minister of Foreign Affiars, b7CBPP, spoke at memorial gathering for HUTTON at Oakland,California. Twenty thousand copies of May 4, 1968 issue of"Black Panther Party-Black Community News Service- officialnews publication of BPP ordered for sale to public at 25 centsDer coy.
- 2 -
SF 157-1204WJW:j1
TABLE OF CONTENTSPage
CHANGE OF NAME OF ORGANIZATION 3
II. LOCATION OF THE NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS 3
III. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE 3-4
IV. OFFICERS 4
V. MEMBERSHIP 5
VI. MEETINGS AND TEACHINGS 6-8
VII. FINANCES 8-9
VIII. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION "BLACK PANTHER PARTY-ELACK COMMUNITY NEWS SERVICE (BPP-BCNS) 10-13
IX. PROGRAM OF THE BPP 13-14
i DTEMONSTRATIONS, RALLIES AND A COURTACTION IN CONNECTION WITH HIJEY P. NEWTON 14-17TRIAL
XI. COLLECTION OF GUNS AND GUN-CARRYING 17-29INCIDENCES
XII. BPP MERGER WITH STUDENT NON-VIOLENT 29-37COORDINATING COMMITTEE (SNCC)
XIII. COALITION OF BPP ANDPEACE AND FREEDOM PARTY 37-42
XIV. CONNECTIONS WITH THE REVOLUTIONARY 42-43ACTION MOVEMENT
XV. CONNECTIONS WITH THE BLACK STUDENT UNION(BSU), SY'SC, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 42-44
XVI. CONNECTION WITH THE AFRO-AMERICANSTUDENTS UNION 44-45
- 2a -
SF 157-1204WJW:jl
DETAILS:
I. CHANGE OF NAME OF ORGANIZATION
At press conference held on March 7, 1968, at theAlameda County Jail, Oakland, California, HUEY PERCY NEWTON9Minister of Defense, Black Panther Party (BPP) stated thatthe wo rds "self-defense" had been deleted from the officialname of the organization because peoplee seem to misinterpretthe definition of what self-defense is all about".
II. LOCATION OF THE NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS
The new national headquarters for the BPP and theHUEY P. NEWTON Defense Fund is located at 4421 Grove Street,Oakland, California, telephone number 654-2003. It issituated on the ground floor level of a commercial store frontbuilding in a semi-commercial, predominantly Negro district ofNorth Oakland.
III. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
The planned organizational structure of the BPP asof April, 1968, included the following chain of command:
Minister of DefenseChairmanMinister of InformationNational Headquarters CaptainMinister of EducationCaptainsSub CaptainsSection LeadersSub Section LeadersBlock LeadersThe People
SF T-14/8/6B
- 3 -
SF 157-1204WJW: j 1
At a general membership meeting of the BPP heldon April 13, 1968, at the Downs Memorial Methodist Church,61st and Idaho Streets, Oakland, attended by approximately110 members, BOBBY GEORGE SEALE, Chairman and GEORGE MASONMURRAY, Minister of Education, BPP, discussed-the "10-10-10Program" for the organizational structure of the BPP, inconnection with the revolutionary warfare tactics againstthe "white establishment" in Oakland, California. MURRAYannounced that the program included plans for dividing the"Black Belt" of the city of Oakland into ten sections, thosesections into ten subsections, and those subsections intoblocks to educate the black community of Oakland in revolutionarywarfare methods and tactics.
SF T-14/15/68
In early May, 1968, it was indicated that the BPP hadplans to expand and open branches of the BPP in the major
SF T-25/8/68
IV. OFFICERS
As of May 1, 1968, the officers ofconsists of the following:
HUEY PERCY N TO- /Minister'f / BOBBY GEORGE ASELE Chairman/ LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAR R(better known rs
ELDRIDGE CLE ER) MinisterDAVID HILLI D j D NationalGEORGE MA5 4 MUR 7Y MinisterH. RAPP, ROWN MinisterJAMES FORMAN MinisterAUDREY H N- SecretarKATHLEEN4 CLEAWER Comiunic
\ EMORY DOUGIS RevolutiEVELYN C. ROCTOR Finance
the BPP
of Defense
of InformationHeadquarters Caof Educationof Justiceof Foreign Affa
ations Secretaryonary ArtistManager
ptain
irs
I
SF 157-1204WJW: jl
V. MEMBERSHIP
As of May 1, 1968, the BPP had an estimatedactivist membership of approximately 125 persons in NorthernCalifornia. Several hundred others have completed applicationsfor membership in the BPP or have indicated sympatheticaffiliation with the BPP.
SF T-15/3/68
Membership in the BPP is restricted to non-Caucasians-after being oriented, . members are expected to possesstheir own firearms weapons. The prescribed wearing apparelfor the BPP members are black berets, black leather jackets,black trousers, powder blue shirtsand black ties.
SF T-15/3/68
In a press conferenIce in San Francisco, California,on April 11, 1968, as repopred in the "San Francisco Chronicle"'of April 12, 1968, and alz'o on KTVU Channel 2 television,Oakland, HARRY THOMAS E ARDS, Associate Professor ofSociology* t San Jose" tate College, San Jose, California,announced that he ha decided to join the BPP. EDWARDS urgedother Negroes who ad achieved social standing to also jointhe BPP to serve otice on society that "'you can no longer ignorethe Black Panthers". He proclaimed that he personally encouragedviolence because "non-violence essentially has not worked".
HARRY THOMAS EDWARDS has gainednation-wide prominence throughhis promotion of a boycott byNegro athletes of the OlympicGames to be held in Mexico City,Mexico. He has been publiclyidentified as a leader of theBlack Students Union (BSU) atSan Jose State College, whichis a militant black nationalistorganization recognized bySan Jose State College administrationas a student organization.
- 5 -
SF 157-1204WJW:j1
VI. MEETINGS AND TEACHINGS
From January to May, 1968, weekly generalmembership meetings of the BPP were held in Oakland, California,at St. Philips Community Church, 42nd and Grove Streets,or Downs Memorial Methodist Church, 61st and Idaho Streetsor St. Augustine's Episcopal Church, 27th and West Streets.Attendance at these meetings ranged from twenty to 110.
1SF T-1from 1/15/68 through 5/20/68
At meetings of the BPP held in January andFebruary, 1968, ELDRIDGE CLEAVER,in the capacity ofMinister of Information, BPF, distributed copies of "TheCatechism of the Revolutionist" which set forth an introductionby the Minister of Information which is quoted in partas follows:
by Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin, is oneof the most important formulations ofprinciples in the entire history ofrevolution. A contemporary Marxist,Bakunin was the epitome of theactivist and his deeds spokelouder than his words...
"The history of revolutionarymovements all over the world attestto the fact that Bakunin's messagemust be unearthed and scrutinized bya new generation faced with a new tyrany..."
SF T-1 on 2/16/68
At one of the meetings held .on January 14, 1968,at St. Philips Community Church, Oakland, one of themembers stated that the BPP had plans to request Negrobusinessmen to contribute $10 per month for support oftheir organization. These contributors would be provided asticker for the front windows of their stores to identifythem as contributors. Those who refused to contribute wouldbe told "we are not responsible if a brother happens toburn your place down".
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At another of these general membership meetingsof the BPP held on January 21, 1968, at the same location,ELDRIDGE CLEAVER gave a twenty minute talk in which heannounced that his book "Soul On Ice" would soon beavailable. CLEAVER stressed the importance of the BPPraising funds for the Defense of HUEY P. NEWTON statingthat the success of the BPP as .an organization rested on thematter of NEWTON being freed of charges of murdering anOakland police officer. CLEAVER further stated that theBPP members "should feel justified to rob, steal and ifnecessary, to kill in order to get what they needed forthe support of their organization." He also indicated that"some of the brothers have been sharing with the organizationthe loot taken from their robberies and burglaries."
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On March 30, 1968, approximately 65 to 70 Negroesattended a meeting of the BPP at St. Augustine's EpiscopalChurch, 27th and West Streets, Oakland. At this meeting
ObB3Y GEORGE SEALE spoke on the importance of dividing thewhite community and commented that one way to accomplish thisis to have the BPP work through the P.FP. At this meetingSEALE stressed that there will be "no spontaneous rioting,only organized". A map of the city of Oakland, California,
was placed on the wall and the city was divided into sectionsand subsections. A leader was assigned to each section andwas issued the instructions "you will not walk in groups ofless than four nor more than five". Those in attendance weredivided into two workshop groups repr sentinf- 0 .landLanBerkeley , California, to continue instructions on. guerrillawarfare tactics to be used in their respective areas.
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At still another of these meetings held on May 8,1968, at St. Augustine's Episcopal Church, Oakland,with approximately 55 persons in attendance, GEORGE MASON MURRAYin the capacity of Minister of Education asked the BPP memberspresent to volunteer the use of their apartments and homesfor educational classes in revolutionary tactics. Hespecified that groups of five or six persons would beexpected to attend these classes to be held at various locationsin the San Francisco Bay area and that the material for theseclasses would be taken from the red book 'Quotations ofChairman Mao Tse Tung", and publications of other leadingrevolutionaries. HURRAY stressed the importance of attendanceat these classes stating that there was need for preparationsfor defense against confinement in the concentration campsnow being planned for militant Negroes and that time wasrunning out. MURRAY concluded by stating "the spirit withguns will enable use to win this revolutionary struggleagainst white oppression".
SF T-1VTII FINANCES S/9/-1
b6b7Cb7D
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The above bank information can only bemade public through the issuance ofsubpoena duces tecum directed to themanager where the account is locatedor his designated representative.
reportedly had a couple of BPPmembers beaten up on or about March 17, 1968, for "dippinginto the till" of the HUEY P. NEWTON Defense Fund.
SF T-44/11/68
The .a ove bank information can only bemade ublic through the issuance ofsubpoena duces tecum directed to themanager where the account is locatedor his designated representative.
The accredited speakers of the BPP as of May, 1968,were KATHLEEN CLEAVER, GEORGE MASON MURRAY, BOBBY GEORGE SEALE.Theyindicated that they expected fees ranging .from $300 to$500 for speaking before church and civic groups for eachappearance.
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VIII. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION BLACK PANTHER PARTY-BLACK COMMUNITYNEWS SERVICE (BPP-BCNS)
On 1ay 10, 1968, Publishing b, On Mb C
Company, San Francisco, California, advised that representativesof the BPP had ordered and paid for 20,000 copies of theMay 4, 1968, issue of the BPP-BCNS at a cost of $35.00 perthousand. This official publicationof the BPP sells at 25 centsper copy.
Anexcerpt from an article appearing in the May 4,1968, issue of the BPP-BCNS cn Page 6, Columns 1 through 4,entitled "The Correct Handling of a Revolution" by theMinister of Defense HUEY P. NEWTON, is quoted in part asfollows:
"Most human behavior is learned behavior...At this time the Black masses are handlingthe resistance incorrectly...
"The Vanguard Party mst provideleadership for the people. It must teachthe correct strategic methods of prolonged resistancethrough literature and activities. If theactivities of the party are 'respectedby the people, the people will followthe example. This is the primary jobof the party. This knowledge will probablybe. gained second-hand by the masses...When the people learn that it is no longeradvantageous for them to resist bygoing to the streets in large numbers andwhen they see the advantage in theactivities of the guerilla warfaremethod, they will quickly follow thisexample. But first they must respectthe party which is transmitting thismessage. When the Vanguard groupdestroys the machinery of theoppressor by dealing with him in smallgroups of three and four, and thenescapes the might of the oppressor,the masses will be overjoyed and willadhere to this correct strategy. Whenthe masses hear that a gestapo policemanhas been executed while sipping coffeeat a counter, and the revolutionaryexecutioners fled without being traced,
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the masses will see the validityof this type of approach to resistance.It is not necessary to organize 30 millionblack people in primary groups of twos and threes,but it is important for the party to showthe people how to go about revolution..."
An article entitled Dig This-Credo for Riotersand Looters" on Page 4, Column 3 and 4 of the same issueof the BPP-BCNS quoted in full as follows:
' "An anonymous cop in an anonymous cityshoots to death an anonymous black youthsuspected of stealing a car, and riots,on the heels of the news, sweep thenation. Widespread looting is reportedin a dozen cities. Roving bands ofblack youths set buildings on fire.Snipers, firing on policemen and firemen,are reported in several cities. In twoor three places, the National Guardis called out to restore order. 'ResponsibleNegro Leaders', given prime time onradio and TV, appeal for calm; 'Cool it,Baby,' enjoin, but Baby isn't listening tothem. Strangely, demonic, maniacalblack demagogues raise their voices.above the crescendo of chaos and madness,urging the marauders to burn Americato the ground.
"Before the last flames die down, aBlue Ribbon Commission, established byPresidential Decree, is instructed to investigatethe cause of the disorders,. DistinguishedCongressmen, with the insight of theirracism, already know the cause ofthe disorders and waste no time announcingit to an uneasy nation: Stokely Carmichael!Rap Brown! SNCC! Leroi Jones! TheBlack Panthers! -- these apostles of violenceare to blame!
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"Upwards of 20,000,000 black people,knowing you for the rotten, racist, murdering nationof white thievish hypocrites that youare, are no longer interested in explaininganything to you, America. Indeed, weunderstand that you already know all aboutit. We know that your investigations intothe disorders are just a bunch of bullshitmaneuvers designed to buy -you time whileyou multiply and perfect your machineryof repression which you have alreadyunleashed upon us. In fact, your investigatorsthemselves are amongst your chief andshrewdest criminals.
"Black people have already judged you,America, and have condemned you to death.And we also know that history has selected us,your slaves and chief victims, to beyour executioner, the instrument.of yourdestruction.
"What a laugh! America the beautiful.Home of the brave. Friend of the underdog.You once had a beautiful dream -- but eventhen, while you dreamed that dream, youwere foul and corrupt and rotten inyour heart, but you were a minor leaguebrigand then and when you comparedyourself to the other tyrannies in the.world, you looked innocent by contrastto their greater evil. The innocent blood.they had shed was a vast and ancientocean, and yours was a fresh new stream.But now your little stream has become vaster thanthe sky and your evil dwarfs everything thathas gone before. Now you stand nakedbefore the world, before yourself, a predatory,genocidal Dorian Grey, stripped of allegalitarian democratic makeup.
"Is it any wonder that we burn you,that we loot you -- you who haveburned and looted the world? Who are youto judge? You have no say in the matter.In the councils of the oppressed, the oppressor hasno vote. The oppressor has no right whichthe oppressed are bound to respect.
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"America, you will be cleansed byfire, by blood, by death. We who performyour ablution must step up our burning --
bigger and better fires, one flamefor all America, an all-American flame;we must step up our looting--loot, untilwe storm your last hoarding place,till we trample your last stolen jewel intoyour ashes beneath our naked blackfeet; we must step up our sniping--until the last pig is dead., shot todeath with his own gun and the bullets inhis guts that he had meant for the people.
"We are not blind fools, America, weare not petty and greedy like you. You haveseen to that. You kept us from becoming likeyou. We are not even part of you. We arenot of you or in you and you are not in us.We stand.clear of you. And we are not unjust,as you are. We know that there are those amongstyour people who are innocent, thosewho have had no part in your decisions, thosewho.were brainwashed and manipulated out oftheir own humanity, out of their minds, out oftheir lives. We know who these are.These will help us burn you. These willhelp us loot you. These will helpus kill you, so that humanity might breathe anew air and bask in sunlight that willnot-warm your grave.
"Establish a Blue Ribbon Commissionto investigate that!"
IX. PROGRAM OF THE BP
Mimeographed leaflets widely distributed throughoutthe San Francisco Bay Area, California, during April, 19689, carriedthe program of the BPP under two headings, "What We Want",and "What We Believe".
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The ten points itemized under the heading "WhatWe Want" are being set forth as follows:
1. We want freedom. We want power to determinethe destiny of our Black Community.
2. We want full employment for our people.
3. We want an end to the robbery by the white manof our Black Community.
4. *We want decent housing, fit for shelter ofhuman beings.
5. We want education for our people that exposesthe true nature of this decadent American society.We want education that teached us our truehistory and our role in the present day society.
6. We want all Black men to be exempt from militaryservice.
7. We want an immediate end to POLICE BRUTALITYand MURDER of Black people.
8. We want freedom for all Black men held in federal,state, county and city prisons and jails.
9. We want all Black people when brought to trialto be tried in court by a jury of their peergroup or people from tieir Black Communities,as defined by the Constitution of the UnitedStates.
10. We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing,justice and peace."
X. DEMONSTRATIONS, RALLIES AND A CURT ACTION INCONNECTION WITH HUEY P. NEWTON TRIAL
The January 29, 1968, issue of the "Daily Californian"student newspaper, University of California, Berkeley, on Page 1Columns I and 2, contained an article captioned "NewtonBefore Court; 300 Protest Outside" which stated in part asfollows:
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"Black Panther Huey P. Newton madehis first appearance in court Friday,when arraignment proceedings beganover his indictment for the allegedmurder of an Oakland policeman inOctober, 1967.
"During the hearing, Newton's lawyer,Charles Garry contested his client's indictmentand requested that the case be dismissed ongrounds that the Grand Jury which indictedNewton was illegitimate (illegally constituted).
"The Constitution stated that a GrandJury must be composed of one's peers and Garryargued that the Grand Jury which indicted Newtonwas unlawful since its members were primarilyupper class whites and not Newton's peers...
"Chanting, 'Free Huey Now' and carryingsigns reading 'Free The 7" the demonstratorscircled the front of the courthouse and filledthe fifth floor hall outside the room whereNewton was being arraigned."
The records of the Clerk of the Superior Court,Alameda County Courthouse, Oakland, California, under ActionNumber 41266, disclosed that the arraignment for HUEY P.NEWTON, under indictment for murder, originally set forNovember 16, 1967, was on four separate occasions continuedand Newton was ultimately arraigned on January 16, 1968.
On May 20, 1968, Sergeantt, AlamedaCounty Sheriff's Office, Oakland, advised that thetrial of NEWTON which had been s.et for May 6, 1968, has beenpostponed to June 10, 1968, in Superior Court of AlamedaCounty, California, Oakland, California.
The April 23, 1968, issue of the "San FranciscoChronicle" on Page 3, Columns 1 and 2, contained an articleentitled "Panthers Suit Against Police" which states in partas follows:
i "The Black Panthers went to FederalCourt here yesterday to stop Oakland andAlameda County from harrassing andprosecuting them and all black persons.
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"Judge William T. Sweigert set May 2for a court hearing on an injunction sought
. by the Panthers... In addition to injunctionsagainst harassment and prosecution, thePanthers are asking the courts to declarecertain parts of the California Penal CodeunConstitutional...
"Their suit is aimed,said Panther attorneyCharles Garry, at preventing 'the chaos whichexists in the ghettoes of Oakland' becauseof alleged police harrassment."
The records of the U.S. District Court, San Francisco,California., disclosed that the above mentioned courthearing on injunction sought by the 3PP has been scheduledfor May 21, 1968, at San Francisco, California.
In latter April and early May, 1968, a mimeographedleaflet of the BPP announced that the "International Days ofBlack Revolutionary Protest" including a massive march anddemonstration to"free Huey" would be held from June 5 - 15,1968, and that the focal point of this activity would be the
tial f YT June 10., -198, Alamda
County Courthouse, 12th and Fallon Streets, Oakland,California.
The May 10 - 16, 1968, issue of the "BerkeleyBarb" on Page .3, Columns 4 and 5, contained an articlecaptioned "Panthers To Stop Oakland". This article statedin part as follows:
"The Black Panthers will try to stopOakland early next month.
"'We will deliver an ultimatum tothe white power structure to free HueyNewton, Eldridge Cleaver, and all blackpolitical prisoners -- or the sky's thelimit,' Black Panther chairman BobbySeale told BARB.
"As Seale sat in the Panther officemapping out plans for the InternationalDays of Black Revolutionary Protest,a young woman at a desk in the backgroundwas phoning the United Nations in New York.
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"'We're inviting representativesfrom delegations of all Afro-Asian nationsin the United Nations,' Seale explained,
and from North Vietnam and Red China.'
"The form of the Panther wrenchin Oakland's gears will be massive boycottsand city-wide marches. Seals said he anticipatesthat about 50,000 black Deople from throughoutthe USA and other countries will takepart in the June 5-15 actions.
"Huey Newton's trial begins June 10.On that day simultaneous marches fromthe outskirts of Oakland will converge alonga dozen streets onto the Alaneda CountyCourthouse.
"'We're going to apply for permits,'Seale told BARB, 'but if we don't getthe permits, we're going to marchanyway, because we have a right to
"The ultimatum will demand the releaseof all black political prisoners, andthat all Oakland businesses inform thePanthers of how many irmediate job openingsthey have for black people.
"'Businesses that don't respond will behit with a total boycott,' Seale said,'and those that give a satisfactory replywill be given signs for their windows:Don't Boycott This Store.'"
XI. COLLECTION OF GUNS AND GUN-CARRYING INCIDENCES
Records of the Berkeley Police Department disclosethat on February 25, 19G8,| |an d
Berkeley,were charged with Violation 12020, Penal Code (PC)(Possessionof Illegal Firearm) and 12090 PC (Obliterating IdentifyingMarks on a Pistol). Four of their associates were eachcharged with two violations, violation of 12025 PC (ConcealedWeapon in Automobile) and 12031 PC (Carrying a Loaded FirearmIn Vehicle in Public Place or Street Within City of Berkeley).
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All six persons pled not guilty and were free on bail.
The "Berkeley Daily Gaette" issue of February 26,1968, carried an article concerning the February 25, 1968,arrests and stated in part as follows:
"Charles Garry, Defense Attorney forBlack Panther Huey P. Newton...willrepresent Seale. He called the arrest'atrotious act by a law enforcementagency' and 'trumped.-up phoney charges.Garry said the Berkeley arrest ofthe Seales depletes the Huey NewtonDefense Fund further..."
On February 27, 1968, Captain BRUCE BAKER, ActingChief of Police, Berkeley, California, advised that onthat evening a group of approximately 300 persons ledby of the BPP, attended theBerkeley City Council meeting commencing at 7:00 p.m.He saLic tInl nd uLer represting hLie BrP andthe PFP took control of the council meeting from about7:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. Mayor WALLACE JOHNSOI of Berkeley,Chairman of the City Council reseized the meeting andrequested that Captain | have the police clear thecouncil chambers. Captain requested assistance from theAlameda County Sheriff's Office, the California Highway Patroland the Oakland Police DeDartment. He described the sceneas 'potentially riotous".
The April 7, 1968, edition of the "Oakland Tribune",Oakland, California newspaper, on Page 1, Columns 1 and 2, carriedan article captioned "Oakland's 90-Minute War -- One Dead,Four Shot in Battle -- Two Panthers 'and Two Ccps Hit inSieges', which states in part as follows"
"One suspect was killed, two woundedand two Oakland Police Officers shot and woundedSaturday night, ADril 6, 1968,during a 90-minute gun battle and siege inWest Oakland.
"The slain suspect, shot as heemerged from a barricaded house .at 1218 - 28th Street, was tentativelyidentified by police as Bobby Hutton, about18, a member of the Black Panthers...
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"Deputy Police Chief Robert R. Cazadd saidthe gun battle grew out of a definiteattempt to ambush the police.
"Police said the shooting began aftera patrol car stopped to question theoccupants of three parked cars i-nthe 2900 block of Union Street.'"
The records of the Identification Division,Oakland Police Department disclosed that the followingindividuals were arrested and darged with assault withintent to commit murder in connection with the April 6,1968, incident, Oakland, California;
ELDRIDGE CLEAVER850 Oak StreetSan Francisco, California
Oakland, California
Oakland, California
San Francisco, California
Oakland, California
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Address Not Given
San Francisco, California
On April 10, 1968, Officerc, IntelligenceUnit, Oakland Police Department, Oakland, California, advisedthat investigation by the Oakland Police Department subsequentto April 6, 1968, has disclosed the following facts:
Early on Saturday evening, April 6, 1968, LE ROYELDRIDGE CLEAVER, better known as ELDRTDGE CLEAVER,Minister of Information, Black Panther Party. gatheredd membersand leaders of the BPP together at BFP Headquarters,4421 Grove Street, Oakland, California, and told them thathe received alarming information from. a source consideredby him to be reliable and in a position to know. He saidhe had been told that the Oakland Police Department wasplanning genocide against the BPP. Then he stated, "We'lltake care of that. We'll get them first."
About fifteen BPP members, including CLEAVER andof the BPP, proceeded in three
cars to a house located at 3421 Chestnut, Oakland, California,where they .gathered up numerous weapons, including riflesand shotguns, At this location CLEAVER stated that they wouldcruise around North Oakland to look for e. policeman to kill.
They then proceeded to North Oakland and spotted twopolice officers as they were getting out of their patrolcar. The BPp members got out of their cars unnoticed bythe officers. By jumping fences and going through backyardsthey endeavored to maneuver themselves into a position to shootat the officers. Before they could get set up, the officerswere back in their car and departed. No shots were fired andthe officers never became aware of the presence of the BPP members.The officers had responded to a missing persons complaintand had only remained at the location of the complaint fora short time because they were informed upon arrival that themissing person had returned home.
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After previously cruising around North Oakland,.the BPP members decided to rendezvous in the vicinity of30th and Union Streets, Oakland. Shortly after they arrivedin that location, the aforementioned shooting incident tookplace.
Investigation by the Oakland Police Department hasdisclosed that the following individuals are suspectedof having been involved in the April 6, 1968, BPP gunbattle with the Oakland Police Department:
student at San Francisco State Collegeand suspected of being affiliated with the Black Student Union.
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The April 11, 1968, issue of the "San FranciscoChronicle", San Francisco daily newspaper, on Page 3,paragrAph 5, conti-n ;n articl e apt-ined "Panthers PleadNot Guilty", which states in part as follows:
"Black Panther Eldridge Cleaver wasbrought in a heavily-guarded ambulancefrom the Vacaville medical Facility tomake an Oakland court appearance withsix co-defendants yesterday...
"More than one-half of the spectators incourt were Black Panthers, and they gaveCleaver and the other defendantsthe clenched fist salute of the militantNegro organization. Some -chanted 'BlackPower' at the end of the hearing.
"Cleaver and the others entered pleasof not guilty to charges of assault withintent to commit murder arising from agun battle in West Oakland last weekend...
"Judge Stafford P. Buckley denied arequest by defense attorney CharlesGarry for a reduction in Cleaver's bailof $63,000.00 and the $40,000.00 bail setfor the others."
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The April 25, 1968, issue of "San Francisco Examiner"on Page 1, Columns 1 through 3, contained an articlecaptioned "Panthers Sought Battle, Jury Told," which statedin part as follows:
"The Grand Jury transcript todaydisclosed statements from Black Panthersthat an armed group of them went lookingfor 'some shooting' with police thenight of the April 6 gun battle in WestOakland.
"The statements were presented tothe Alameda County Grand Jury yesterdayas part of the evidence on which eightof the Panthers were indicted and policewere exonerated in the killing of onePanther, Bobby Hutton, 17.
"The Panthers had charged that Huttonwas shot down as he fled from the houseclad only in shorts. The evidence showedhe was fully clothed.
"One of the Panther statements givento the jury was made by Wendell Wadewho said 10 to 15 'brothers' hadgathered at the house, on the corner ofChestnut and 27th Streets, the night ofthe fight.
"GUNS ON FLOOR
"'All the guns were just lying aroundon the floor of the front room,' it read.'There were rifles, carbines, shotguns andhandguns of all types. There was also allkinds of ammunition.
"'Everyone picked out a weapon of hisown choosing. I took an Astraautomatic and three clips of ammunition.Eldridge Cleaver was acting as captain andhe had an AR-15 rifle. I'm not sure how theorganization got all these weapons. I don't knowif any were stolen.'"
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b6rOn May 20, 1968, Srgeant|, Alameda b7c
County Sheriff's Office, Oakland, California, advised thatELDRIDGE CLEAVER is incarcerated at the California "IedicalFacility, Vacaville, California, for violation of his aroleby participating in the April 6, 96, PP incident
Iis free on $40,000.00 bail; and the others arrestedin connection with this incident are incarcerated in theAlameda County Jail, Oakland, California, awaiting trial.
The May 17, 1968, issue of the "San FranciscoChronicle" on Page 26, Columns 5 and 6, contained an article"Panthers Win Delay" which announced that the arraignmentof seven Black Panthers of charges stemming from the April 6,Oakland shoot-out was postponed there yesterday untilJune 20, at the request of Panther Lawyer CHARLES R. GARRY. Thisarticle also stated:
"The postponement was granted afterGarry requested the delay in an attemptto quash the original secret GrandJury indictment charging the seven withattempted murder and lesser crimes..."
On May 7, 1968, Officer , IntelligenceUnit, Oakland. Police Department, advised that the OaklandPolice Department had confiscated four handguns, 13 riflesand four shotguns from the BPP participants in the April 6,1968, shoot-out with the Oakland Police.
The April 25, 1968, issue of the"OaklandTribune" on Page 1, carried an article entitled "Shoot-outResult: 8 Indicted" which stated in part:
"The Alameda County Grand Jury exoneratedOakland Police in the shoot-cut death ofBlack Panther Treasurer Bobby Huttonrevealing that he had been nabbed byofficers and was shot when he broke andran from them.
"A formal statement of vindication fromthe jury accompanied the attempted murderindictment voted against eight Panthersarrested in cornection with the April 6West Oakland gun fight."
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The May 13, 1968 issue of the "San FranciscoExaminer" on Page 16, Columns 1 and 2, contained an articlecaptioned "Slain Panther's Kin Sue for 2.5 Million" whichstates in part as follows:
"The parents of Bobbie James Hutton,slain in.Oakland April 6, files a $2.5million damage suit in federal court today,naring Oakland's chief of police andsix officers as defendants.
"Mr. and Mrs. John D. Hutton chargedin their action that the defendants'deliberately, wilfully, maliciouslyand without justification, and knowing theyhad no justification,' shot and killed theirson, thus 'depriving him of his lifewithout due process.'
Hutton 18, treasurer of the Black PantherParty, was killed in the shooting, andtwo other Panthers and two policeman werewounded.
"The action named Oakland PoliceChief Charles R. Gain, Captain 'John Doe'McCarthy; Sgt. 'John Doe' Howerton; andPatrolmen Robert Fredericks, Robert A.Coffman and John R. Schlim of Oakland andOwen C. Brown of Emeryville.
"It asked $500,000 in damages, andthe balance of the amount was soughtas a punitive measure.. The.suit wasfiled by attorneys Clinton W. White,Donald Warden and Henry Ramsey, Jr."
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On the afternoon of April 12, 1968, an Agentof the FBI observed approximately 2,500 persons predominantlyCaucasian as they assembled at the Oakland Museum Park,Oakland, California in connection with the Black PantherParty memorial Gathering for BOBBY JAMES HUTTON. Oneof the main speakers at this event was JAMES FORMAIN.
May 27, 1968, Sergeant , Ala:eda b6County Sheriff's Office, Oakland, California, madeavailable a copy of a transcript of a recording made of the speechof JAMES FORIAN who was introduced as the Minister of ForeignAffairs of the BPP.
An excerpt from this transcript is being quotedas follows:
"The memorial for Bobby Hutton, what can wesay about Bobby Hutton? We can say that, firstof all, he was born a revolutionary. BobbyHutton was born a revolutionary. All blackPeople Z ae born: revolutionary. They're bornrevolutionaries because they're born ina white racist society, a society which its racismpermeates every level, permeates all of itseconomic structure, permeates all of its culturaland social activity. And that's a problemthat all black people face who are bornrevolutionaries, and all of them are bornrevolutionaries, is whether or not theycan keep the revolutionary birthright whichthey were born with. Andwhen we look at BobbyHutton, seventeen ye-ars old, seventeen yearsold, the first Panther, tie first Panther,seventeen yearS old nd th first Pantherassassinated, slaugntered, shoz down in thestreets of Oakland we have to say that he diedas a revolutionary. He was born a blackrevolutionary and he died a black revolutionary.For how many people seventeen years old arejuvenile delinquents? How many people in thewhite community are hippies? They're not bornrevolutionaries
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"I know this is a dangerous territory to be talkingabout the hippies but that's a fact. The reason,the reason that weak people can escapeinto the hippie bag is because therevolutionary fever, which is the birthrightof all black people, does not exist. BobbyHutton lived as a revolutionary, he came intothe Panther Party, he responded to the call ofHuey Newton and Bobby Seale who said we mustdefend our communities ; he was the firstPanther -- this must be understood, he wasthe first Panther. All the Panthers that yousee, including me, we came after the brother --
after him, he was the first Panther. At fifteenyears old, or fourteen and a half, he said,'I am prepared to pick up the gun and defend mycommunity.' How many of us, who are even Panthers,were doing that at fourteen? He was the firstPanther so he lived as a revolutionary. He wasborn a revolutionary because he was born black.He kept his revolutionary birthright by pickingup the gun at fourteen and. defending blackpeople. He died a revolutionary at the ageof seventeen in Oakland. And he died not onlyfor black people but for the cause of alloppressed people around the world. And whydid he have to pick .up the gun, why did hehave to become a revolutionary? Brother Bobbyhas explained it to you, he had to become arevolutionary because the hog is in the stream,the hog is in the stream, the hog is in the stream. Thehog has been in the stream for some four, five,sixhundred years. I'm talking about decadentwestern white civilization, that is the hog,that is the hog and what are the characteristicsof a hog? It is an exploiting hog, it has tomake money. Some call it capitalism, some callit imperialism, but damn it, it exploits blackpeople. It raped Africa, it raped Asia, thatis the hog. And what is the stream? Thestream is humanity. Western civilization isblocking up humanity today, that's why thebrothers said, Ho Chi Min, Castro, in theirown way are fighting to get rid of the hogbecause he's jamming the stream of humanity.And Bobby Hutton understood that and anybody who
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has read the ten points of the Black PantherParty understands that this a a revolutionaryparty which is out to jam up the hog's lustand kill him. And if necessary to take abutcher knife and slit his throat and letthe blood run down into the stream. Weunderstand that and we understand that sometimeswhen you kill hogs -- those of you know anythingabout killing them -- you've got to fattenthem up first so he can't move too fast, andthat's what has happened in this country. It"sthe fattest, richest country on the face ofthe earth but because this fat hog is readyfor slaying, and it will be slain, that isa fact. That's a fact. That's a fact. Itain't written in the stars, it's written inthe blood of oppressed people and blackpeople in this country. Ain't no stars here,baby, we have been suffering, it's written in ourveins, it's in our birthright. You diggingit? All right, brother. i'm not attacking thestars but that's the reality., baby, * " *
"Now, what must we do to slay the hog?And that's when we're talking about we can notpurify him. You cannot purify a hog, heis corrupt. You cannot give him any doses.That's what the Open Housing Bill is attemptingto do, is to purify the hog but you can't.The hog is filthy all through and he's cancerous.And in order to get rid of the hog, we mustrise up and seize and hold power. That's animportant concept. Black people in this countrymust seize and hold power; must understand thatthe slogan is no longer Black Power but wemust seize and hold power. Aid that's what'shappening all around this country and inTuskegee. The students locked up General LuciusC iay for fifteen hours along with the otherboard of directors. They used to have thoseFounders Day in Tuskegee where the white folkswould come from New York and parade. Ellisonwrote about it in The. Invisible Man. But in1968 the student body seized the campus and theyheld it -- doesn't matter they didn't hold it allthat time. It's what's happening in Howard at
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Howard Univerisity, North Carolina AMP, that'swhat's happening in our inner-cities or theghettos. We are committed to seizing andholding power. And that's what's happeningaround the world and we all know that if wedo not seize and hold power we cannot getrid of the pig. And the pig is not the correctdescription because the pig ;Lay La a copin Oakland or a cop in TalLanasses or a copin Selma or a cop in Memphis, but the pig comesfrom the hog. And the hog is white westerncivilization.
"Now, what i, the Black Panther Party? It is a partycomrtted to soizin- and holdi-g power. It is a
revolutionar - party, it is F rvevolutionary party.And the deat of one of its members, thedeath of its first member -- and I say thisto my brothers in the party and my sistersin the party -- we cannot cry any longer forBobby Hutton. We have shed our last tear forthat brotherr. ncbodv must wean any more forBobby Hitton, Bobby is dead, he is in the groundan(d were he ,live or at least could see -- youknow, I don'c believe in no- Ieavqn--- but if hecould ujndersrand 'hat's happening here he wouldsay, 'D7 n't cry for me. Weep no more for me.Go about taking care of business and organizin,and getting more Panthers." And all of youblack people who are out there who are not FBIagents, all of you who are out there who are notFBI agents and who do not join the party -- becausethe FBI agents going to join or we're going tohave to purgE. them -- but all of those who arenot FBI agents must join the Panther Party.Otherwise yo1.'re sitting out here beingentertained. We are not here to entertain you.Our brothers are dying all over this world andin this country. Bobby is just one, he's justone but he was important because he was the firstPanther and it was from him that all otherthings began to flow. And you must join thePanther Party if you are serious , if you'recommitted, if you share the sorrow of theother Panthers."
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On April 17. 1968,Reno, Nevada, advised that on
March 28, 1968, he sold two "R.G." .3 caliber special revolvers,Serial Numbe's m and one RossJ. .38 caliber specialrevolver Serial Numberl and one Br'owning Automatic SerialNumber |to listing a residence of
San Francisco, California.
moy be identical to, San Francisco,
California, who is a SectionCaptain of the BPP.
SF T-2S/7/68.
also advised that on March 23, 1968, he sold threeBrowning 'F.N. ' 9mm automatic pistols, made in Belgium, bearingSerial Numbers and _:c | listingan address of f Oakland, California.
A,:, of April, 1968,was an activist member of the BPP.
SF T-25/7/68.
XII. BPP MERGER 1ITHSTUDENT NON-VIOLEAT COORDINATING COMMITTEE (SNCC)
A characterization of the SNCCis founK in the aDnendi, n--T-,
At the February 17, 1968, HUEY P. NEWTON Defense
Fund rally, Oakland Municipal Auditorium, Oakland, California,
ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, Minister of Information, 3PP, introduced.
H. RAPP BROWN, Chairman of SNCC and announced that a mergerof the BPPSD and SNCC had taken place. CLEAVER said that BROWT
had been made the Minister of Justice, BPP. CLEAVER also intro-
duced JAMES FORMAN as the "International Director of SNCC'and said that through the process of the merger FORMAN becamethe Minister of Foreign Affairs, BPPSD. Also at this meeting,CLEAVER bestowed upon STOKELY CARMICHAEL (former Chairman of
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SNCC) the title of Minister of Afro-America.
Agent of the FBI2/17/68.
Excerpts from a transcript of a taped recordingof the aforementioned rally as furnished by SF T-6 are setforth as follows:
JAES FORMAN:
----- L know the assassination plotson Brother CPMICHAEL and Brother BROUNand that we went up there to see BrotherNEWTON in that jail and I say here aswe have said before that we must pledgeourselves that if any of these men are
retribution and protracted retribution.
"NToW let us be specific, le- usbe spealfic, we must talk about des-troyin- some war factories if they areassassinated. (Applause). We mustblow up some police stations if theyare assassinated. (Applause) We mustdestroy some power plants if they areassassinated. (Applause) We must havea protracted retribution of somegovernors in this country and somemayors. (Appolause) And abcve allwe must have protracted retributionon these white piggish cops thatoccupy communities. (Applause)"
BOBBY GEORGE SEALE, Chairman - BPP:
------Every black man in thishouse should be against the war in Viet-nam, he's got to be against the warin Vietnam because they are killingour brothers over there
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"Now look, the Black Panther Partyfor Self-Defense is a revolutionaryparty. Revolution means to get downto the nitty-gritty and change thissituation----,
------- When we organize in fashion
right there in our homes, we're talkingabout power in our communities tocontrol our Commn'ities, you know and,once we let The Man know, sa; look,we (are) ari[9d from block to block andwe (are) gonna patrol you from ourwindows, and we (are) not going tohave no brutalizing our people in thestreets. Do you realize what kind ofpower black people have then? Becauseyou begin to neutralize that policforce because them cops (are) gonnastart riding shaky and scared. In fact,we (ar) in a position then todemand That they withdraw from ourcommunity because they occupy ourcommunity just like a foreigntroop occupies territories."
H. RAPP BROb,7N:
----- The only thing that's going to
free you is gun powder. Black powder.(Applause) HUEY NEWTON i5 the onlyliving revolutionary in this countrytoday. H1e has paid his dues, he paidhis dues. How many white folks youkilled today? We're truerevolutionaries. You're revolutionaries.CHE GUEVERA said, ''there is only twoways to leave the battle field,victorious or dead"'. HUEY's in jail.That's no victory, that's concession.When black people become serious.about the revolutionary strugglethat they are caught up in, whether
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they recognize it orrot, when they beginto go down and knock off people who areoppressing them and again to renderthese people impotent that's when therevolutionary struggle unfolds, not until---(Applause)".
"Well, if you are revolutionaries,you must assume the revolutionaryposture. Chairman MAO says powercomes f-rnom the barrel of a gun. (Applause)Yes, politics is war without bloodshedand war is an extension of those politics,But, there is no politics in this countrythat is relevant to us, the blackpeople
------There is no such thing as amiddle class. The man does not beatyour head because you get a Cadillacor because you got a Ford. He beatsyou because you're black. Classstructures are a luxury that wecannot afford. They cannot divideus by saying that you are middle-classor you're lower-class. Ie kills youbecause your black. The con-centration camps, tley got 37 inthis country and me and CARMICHAELcan't fill all of them. They gotto take somebody else. (Applause)----
-In terms of the revolution,I believe the revolution will be arevolution of dispossessed peoplein this country. That's the Mexican-American, the Puerto Rican-American,the American Indian, and black DeoDle.
.We happen to be the vanguard ofthat revolutionary struggle! becausewe are the most dispossessed.-----
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STOKELY CARMICHAEL:
"One of the ways of bringing ourpeople home is by using patience, love,brotherhood, and unity, not force.Love, patience, brotherhood, and unity.We try, and we try, and we try. Ifthey become a threat, we off them.(Applause) But we must begin to under-stand that in a concept of forming insideour community a united front, a blackunited front, which engulfs every sector,every facet, and every person inside ourcommunity working for the benefit ofblack people. And, that is for eachother's survival. A lot of people inthe bourgeoisie tell me that they don'tlike _RAP ow' when he says 1I1going to burn the country down,"' theyget a poverty program. A lot of peoplesay to me, we don't like the BlackPanthers for Self Defense walking aroundwith guns. I'll tell you now, if thehunkies in Sari Francisco taEke off thefighters who happen to represent the.Black Panthers for Self Defense,ain't nobody in this community preparedto fight right now.
"Everybody gets offed, everybodygets offed. We need each other, wehave to have each other for oursurvival, we have to have each other.From the revolutionaries tc theconservatives, a black united-frontis what we're about.
"Wipe out of your minds thequestion of minority, wipe out ofyour minds the questions of tech-nology, technology never decidesa war. It is the will of a
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people that decides a war. It is thewill of a people. (Applause) Wipe outof your mind the fact that we do nothave guns. The Vietnamese didn't haveit when they started, now they gotAmerican guns, American tanks, Americaneverything. (Applause)
"Tf they come to get us they gotto bring some to get some. we gonnatake it and the guns, and the guns,and the guns. (Applause)
And, unless we raise our mindsto the level of consciousness where wehave an undying love for our people,where we're willing to shed our bloodli~ke UEY~ NETON did for our e-ople, wewill not survive. Now there aremany people who know that. All of thebrothers sitting on the stage, allof the brothers around here. Ie allknow that when something goes down,we are the first ones on. There'sno question in any of our rrinds, onlythings gonna stop us today is a bullet,and we're spitting them back.
"But, the question is not whetheror not we can move, how this entire blackcommunity moves for survival in aworld that's clearly heading for acolor clash. That is what w7e must askourselves. That is the only *question.We can only do that by organizing our.people, and orienting them toward anAfrican ideology which speaks to ourblackness. Nothing else. It's nota question right or left. It's aquestion black. You dig where wecoming colored from, we coming froma black thing, that's where we'recoming from. Because we can begin
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to pick up the threads of resistancethat our ancestors laid down for us.And, unless we begin to understand ourpeople as a people, we will not do that,because they will split us ana divideus. That means consciously we have tobegin to organize our .people, organizeour people, organize our people,organize our people, nothing else,organize our people. (Applause)
"We have no time for them, all oursweat, all our blood, even our life must goto our people. (Applause) We have tounderstand this consciously. Our youthmust be organized with a revdUtionaryperspective.
"A revolutionary perspective saysthat we're fighting a war Qf liberation.In order to fight a war of liberation,you need an ideology of nationalism,We do not have this country. Thenationalism can be nothing but blacknationalism. It is insane to thinkof anything else. Black nationalismhas to begin to be our ideology.While blackness Is necessary, it isnot sufficient, so we have to move on.We move on then to copscicusly organizein our community. And, we recognize todaywhy we are organizing. Ve do not havethe money to feed our people, so there's nouse to say organize, we can 'get you a job.We can't get them. They control them.That is a fact. That isn't a reasonfor you to sit down, it is only more ofa reason for you to fight, to think thatyou cant give your people a job. That'smore than inspiration to fight, so cangive them a job, rather than to sit downand say the hunkies got us on everyend. They are not God. !Je are a
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beautiful race of people, we can doanything we want to do, all we got todo is get up, get up, get up. (Applause)
"Now then, we have to discuss verycold, the question of rebellion. It isa fact that they're prepared to meetrebellions anywhere in the cities. Nowwhat is going to happen if one of ourbrothers get offed? What happens if theygo ahead and off HUEY NEWTON? We mustdevelop tactics where we dio the maximumdamage to them with minor damage to us.(Applause) And, when we move into thatarena that means that this blackcommunity must be organized. So, ifHUEY NEWTON 7oes and ten hunkv cosgoes, won't a black man in thiscommunity get up and open his mouth,'cause if he does, he goes-too.(Applause) That means that in organiz-ing for the maximum damage againstthem, and the minor damage against us,we must be consciously aware of thefact that there will be people in ourcommunity that will be going arounddoing just that. In our community wesee nothing, we hear nothing, we knownothing.
"We have to understand the politicsof those hunkies in our community. Theyare there to patrol and to control it,that is all. We are going to do thepatrolling, we are going to do thecontrolling. We are building a conceptof peoplehood. We do not care abouthurikies, but if in buldinc. that con-cept of Deoplehood, the hunkies getin our way, they got to go, thereis no question about it, no questionabout it. (Applause)
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"We are not concerned with theirway of life, we are concerned with curpeople. We want to give our people thedignity and humanity that we know as ourpeople. And, if they get in our way,they going to get offed. We're notconcerned with their system. Let themhave it. We want our way of life,and we're going to get it. We're goingto get it or no body's going to haveany peace on this earth."
XIII COALITION OF BPP ANDPEACE AjD FREEDOM PARTY (PFP)
The December 22 through 28, i967 issue of theoeP~t ±e a.2D ob ?, -~'~ J .w ±~- i - -LI -
columns 1 through 3, carried an articled entitled, "CorimmonCause" which stated in part as follows:
"The most militant Black organization InCalifornia, the Black Panther Partyfor Self-Defense, this week madecommon cause with the Peace andFreedom Party.----
"The Black Panther's cooperation withthe Peace and Freedom Part:y is based onthe PFP stand on NEWTON's trial,according to the Panther's Ministerof Information.
This article quotes the Minister of Information asstating in part as follows:
;We are joining with them because theyare helping us on this issue. We feelthat we have nothing to lose bysupporting an element thatL supportsa fair trial for HIUEY NEWTON.
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"The fundamental principle we areworking with is STOKELY CARMICHAEL'sdictum of specific coalitions for specificpurposes. We feel that this fitsneatly into that framework."
In January 19 through 26, 1968, issue of the "BerkeleyBarb" on Page 7, columns 1 through 3, carried an articleentitled, "Panthers and Radicals" which states in part as follows:
"-----The Peace & Freedom-Pantheralliance is tentative: that was clearfrom the beginning. Panthers, includingBOBBY SEALE, do not consider themselves'"members"' of the PFP. Rather, theBlack Panther Party for Self Defenseis a '"fraternal party"' to PFP."
A mimeographed pamphlet of the Black Panther Partyfor Self-Defense entitled, "Ministry of Information --Black Paper" sets forth the position of the Black PantherParty for Self-Defense on the 7th Congressional District electionin Alameda County and the candidacy of JOHN GEORGE in the DemocraticParty as presented to the Alameda County Peace and FreedomParty meeting, Berkeley, California, January 31, 1968, byKATHLEEN CLEAVER, Communications Secretary.
This leaflet states in part as follows:
"As a Dolitical party dedicated toresisting all forms of exploitation andaggression imposed upon -the black comun.ty,the Black Panther Party for Self Defenseviews electoral politics as one tool thatcan be used for the benefit of the blackcommunity -- if it is not tied to theaims of the power structure. Theformation of the Peace and FreedomParty in direct opposition to theDemocratic Party, based primarily onthe general inability of the peopleinvolved to support the war policyof LBJ and to tolerate the continued
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oppression of black people, as well asa rejection of the general cynicism,hypocrisy, and decadence of the existingpolitical structures, indicates a healthybreak on the part of the white communitywith the power structure. At this pointit is merely a beginning and its futureis not clear; however, on -the basis ofthis break and on the basis of supportingHUEY P. NEWTON, 7e have formed a coalitionfor'specific political purposes. Bysupporting hUEY NEWTON and recognizinghim as a victim ... the politicalFreedom Party has been able to focusattention upon the interrelationshipof black liberation and peace in Vietnamin a concrete way. So far, the focusof the Peace and Frccdom Party has boonon concepts instead of candidates. TheSeventh CongrEsional District electionoffers the Alameda County Feace andFreedom Party the opportunity to combineconcept with candidate in runningHUEY P. NEWTON for Congress.---
"-----If for no other reason,running HUEY P. NEWTON for Congresswould be a direct effort on the partof the Peace and Freedom Party tosave HUEY's life and would be recog-nized and appreciated by the blackcommunity as such.
SF r-73/25/68.
At the March 16, 1968, session of the Peace and FreedomParty State Convention, Richmond Auditorium, Richmond, California,ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, Minister of Information, BPP, gave a speech inwhich he read from a document entitled, "Black People--RevolutionIn The White Mother Country and National Liberation In The BlackColony." Excerpts from his speech are set forth as follows: .
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"The Black Panther Party believesthat the era in which we now struggle.can be characterized as the Age ofShowdown - between Oppressed PeopleEverywhere and the Racist Imperial PowerStructure. The era can be further definedas that in which significant sectors of theexploiters have turned away from the system,have declared war upon the system thathas warped their lives and tainted theirexistence at the same time that it wasdoing the same thing and worse to thosewhomiit oppresses. We recognize thesealienated people as allies or potentialallies in a struggle against a commonenemy.
'"We start with the basic definition:that black people in America are a colonizedpeople in every sense of the term and thatwhite America is an organized imperialistforce holding black people in colonialbondage. From this definition, our taskbecomes clearer: what we need is arevolution in the white mother countryand national liberation for the blackcolony....
"Ideally, we need a revolutionaryorganization that is able to, guided byrevolutionary ideology and comprehendingthe necessity involved, move in twodirections at the same tire....
"The Black Panther Party and thePeace and Freedom Party in the BayArea (San Francisco, Alameda, andContra Costa Counties, California)have been experimenting over thepast few months with a very narrowcoalition around a very broadsubject. The focal point of thecoalition is now, and always been,
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the case of HUEY P. TEWTON, Ministerof Defense, Creator and Leader cj theBla'ck Panth Party. Although t>coalition has been narrow and limited,tentatii e a.d viewed with mutual sus-picion9 it Las in fact unleashedpolitical fo-rces with explosive localimpact and national implications....
" a have offered our leader.Minister of Dlefense HUEY P. N7EWTLN,as a candidate for the 7th Congrcs-sional District of Alameda County,and we have offered our Chairman,BOBBY FEALE, as a candidate for the17th Assembly District. In SanFrancisco, we have offered ourcommunications secretary, KATILEEN%,L J - V L±\ I " . &o _ t L n t Ie L U I-AL
Assembly District. The advantages indoing this are manifold. First andforemost, we are interested in sett-ing HUEY P. \E!TON free.7
SF T-.6 in 3/25/68Handbills widely distributed in the San Francisco Bay
Area, California, (Alameda, Contra Costa and San FranciscoCounties) in 4ril, 1968, announced the candidacy of HUEY P.NEWTON for U.S. Congress from the Seventh Congressional Districtand BOBBY SEALE for California State Assembly from the 17thAssembly District as Black Panther Party write-in candidatesin ballot slots offered by the Peace and Freedom Party.These leaflets indicate that the PFP supports the 10 pointprogram of the BPP and demands that HUEY P. NEWTON be set free.
SF T"65/7/68.
The May 14, 1968 issue of the "San FranciscoChronicle" on Page 7, Columns 1 through 4 contains an articlecaptioned 'Prison Decision--CLEAVER Running For President',which states in part as follows:
SF 157-1204WJW: cg
"ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, the imprisonedBl.ck Pan-the- leader announced hiscan didacy yesterday for the Presaiencyof the iitcd States. CLEAVER will runagainst domedlian DICK GREGORY fornomination next July of the Peaceand. Freedom ?arty-----1.
"KATHLEEN CLE.VER in announcing the candidacy of herhusband read from a lrig statement which stated in part, 'Ifwhite people as well as black can accept the national leadershipof a black revolutionary, then a margin of :possibility remains,however, slim, that America mIay avert the irpending holocaust..
XIV CONNECTIONS WI TH THEREVOLUTIONARY ACTIONMOVEMENT:
A characteri7ation of the Pevolu-tionary Action movement (RAM) iscontained in the appendix.
Four Negro males, all wearing beards, reportedlyfrom the San Francisco, California area and associated withthe BPPSD within that area arrived in New York City areareportedly about March 16, 1968. The names of these fourindividuals reportedly were ELDRIDGE CLEAVER,[
These individuals attended abenefit rally to provide funds for bail for| |a reportedleader of RAM currently in jail in Queens, HTew York, on March 17,1968. The rally was held at the Renaissance Ballroom, Harlem,New York City.
b7CSF T-83/22/68..
was as of March,1968, rdrtd to be affiliatedwith he Black Student Union(BSUj, San Francisco StateCol ege (SFSC) which is reco7-nized by the Administration ofSFSC as a student organization.
SF T-6- 42 - 3/25/68
SF 157-1204WJW: cg
Thce trF.nscript of the taped recording provided bySF T-6 in connection vith the speeches madE at the UUEY P.NEWTON Defense rfily, February 17, 1968, OakIand, California,contains a speech given by ELDRIDGE CLEAVER, Minister ofInformation, BPP, who acted as master of ceremonies at thisevent. An excerpt from CLEAVER's speech is quoted as follows:
----To see from your own experiencefrom the feas that we have known in ourhearts, we know how hard it is to takethat step to face that pig with hisgun. But there are blackmien risingup today who are willing to do that,who are not afraid to do that.
"Brother ROBERT WILLIAMS did it.But he didn't have us stay together,so hc had olve.Thebrther isin exile and we say that we respectthat brother and that we want tobring him home. We want to bringhim home. (Applause) And I say toyou that we will not be free, we willnot have any liberty until we can putbrother ROBERT WILLTAMS on the stage.We gotta be able to do that. (Applause)And we declare that it is one of theprimary goals of the BPPSD to bringbrother ROBERT ?JILLIAMS home. We'regonna do that. (Applause):
A characterization of ROBERTWILLIAMS is contained in thecharacterization of RAN.
XV CONNECTIONS WITH THE BLACKSTUDENT UNION (BSU), SFSC,SAM FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA:
On March 15, 1968, InspectorOffice of the District Attorney, Alameda County, California, b6Oakland, advised that during the Deriod of October 21, 1967 b7Cto February 15, 1968,
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| land of SFSC of San Francisco, California,had purchased 64 hand guns from|Reno, Nevada. Two of thesemapons were confiscated on February 25,1968 by the Berkeley Police Department, Berkeley Californiain the arrest of |and his wife
and four of their associates.b6
On Itarch 15, 1.968, Officer b7CInt Iligence Unit Oakland
ER~ca_~prtment, advise that
were r ported to be filaewith the Black Stude pt Union,SFSC, San Francisco, California.
XVI CONNECTION WITH THE AFRO-AMERICAN STUDENTS UNION
The November 6, 1967 issue of "The Daily Californian"student newspaper, University of California, Berkeley, onPage 10, Column 1, contained an article "Rally Topics: WarResister, Black Panther", which states in part as follows:
"-----JLM NABORS, Vice Chairmanof the Afro-American Students Union oncampus-----made a plea for money tosupport NEWTON's upcoming defense.
"NABORS told the crowd thatNEWTON's only crime was ''beingborn black"'. He called thedead policeman, JOHN1 F. FREY. a"brute"' who beat black people
in the ghettoes and whites atthe Oakland Induction Center.
"1- -Appealing for funds,NABORS told the crowd ' there ismore money on this campus thanthere is in the whole black
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ghtto, W. ;'ant some of the monevour' foefat 1 ers made for you. It'sour baly. Cive it back.'
The Afro-American StudentsUn-ion is recognized by theAdministration, Universityof California, Berkeley, asa -tudcnt organization.
IA haracterization of the BPPis- contained in the Appendir:.
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1
BLACK PANTHER PARTY, akaBlack Panther Party forSelf Defense
A source advised that the Black Panther Party forSelf Defense (BPPSD) was formed by fUEY PERCY NE TON, Ministerof Defense, and BOBBY GEORGE SEALE, Chairman, in December, 1966,as a militant black nationalist political organization to combatpolice brutality,; to unite militant black youth, and to
determine the destiny of black communities. The politicalphilosophy was taken from writings of Chairman MAO Tse-tung ofCommunist China and black militant writers.
In March, 1968, the naretf the or-anization waschanged to Black Panther Party (BFP).
The official BPP publication, The black PantherParty - Black Community News Service, states that the BPPadvocates use of quns and guerrilla tactics in their violentrevolutionary program to end oppression of black people.
On February 17, 196%, ELDRIL(G CLLAVLR, minister ofInformation, announced merger of the DPP and Student NonviolentCoordinating Committee (SUCC) and bestowed title of Minister ofJustice) BPP, upon H. RAP BROPH, Chairman of SNCC.
SNCC is a militant Negro organizationwhich preaches black supremacy.
NEWTOJ, aforementioned, is incarcerated in the AlamedaCounty Jail, Oakland, California, awaiting trial on charge ofmurder of an Oakland police officer.
Headquarters of DPP and Puey P. Newton Defense Fundare located at 4421 Grove Street, Oakland, California.
46
APPE.IX
9 1
1. REVOLUTIONARY. ACTION MOVEMENT
On November 3, 1964, a source made available adocument entitled, "The Revolutionary Action 'ovemnent Manifesto",the document having been obtained by the source from anindividual known to be a member of the Revolutionary ActionMovement (RAM).
This document stated, in part, that RAM1 wasofficially organized in the W,inter of 1963 by Afro-Americanswho support the revolutionary objectives of ROBERT F. WIILLIAiS,then residing in Cuba, and his conceDt of creanized violenceto achieve the liberation of the Afro-Anerican people in theUnited States. This "anifesto disclosed that RAN." had orientedits program.to one of education and political revolution and theorganization of a "black" political party with revolutionaryobjectives, having recognized the need for a "blackrevolution2 that could and would seize power. RAM philosophyis described in this document as one of revolutionarynationalism, that is, one involving the struggles of the non-white races of the world against exploitation and enslavementby the white capitalist and imperialist nations.
Regarding WILLIANS, it should be noted thaton August 28, 1961, a Federal warrant was issued at Charlotte,North Carolina, charging him with Unlawful Flight to AvoidProsecution for the crime of kidnaping. Subsequent to theissuance of this warrant, MILLIAMS fled the United Statesto Cuba, where he published. a monthly newsletter entitled,;The Crusader" from Havana. As of December, 1966, WILLIAMSwas residing in Peking, China.
This source, in Septemlber, 1964, advised RAM isdedicated to the overthrow of the capitalist system in theUnited States, by violence, if necessary, and to its replacementby a socialistic system oriented toward the Chinese Communistinterpretation of Marxism-Leninism. RAM is entirely non-white in membership, clandestine in nature, and owes its primaryalle iance to the "Bandung Worldl', that is, the non-white races of the world rather than to any national entity,as sucn.
APPEDI X
47
6~ 9
REVOLUTIONARY ACTION OVEMENT (CONTINUED)
On November 16, 1964, a second source advisedhe learned recently from a RAM member that the organizationbegan in Detroit. Michican, largely under the impetus of DONFREEMAN, described as the "Father" of RAA and referred to asRAM's Black Stalin<. FREE"AU served as RAM Chairman, withMAXUELL STANFORD (now of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) servingas RAM Field Chairman.
On May 12, 1967, a.third source advised that theRAM still remains active., however, there is no formalheadquarters, as such, for the RAN. The source advised that21AXWELL STANFORD of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is consideredthe leader of RAM and if a RAM headquarters ever existed, itwill most likely be where STANFORD resides.
APPETDIX
STUDENT NONVIOLENT COORDINATING COMMITTEE
Literature distributed by the Student NonviolentCoordinating Committee (SNCC), headquartered at 360 - 362Nelson Street, S.W., Atlanta, Georgia, describes itselfas not being a membership organization, but rather an agencyattempting to stimulate and foster the growth of local pro-test movements. SNCC was born out of the sit-in movementwhich erupted across the South beginning on February 1, 1960.A conference at Raleigh, North Carolina, that Spring, broughttogether many of the demonstrating Southern students in aloose network of militant youth which was officially namedSNCC in October, 1960.
A source has advised that in May, 1966, STOKELYCARMICHAEL was elected National Chairman by the CentralCommittee. In May, 1967, CAPMICHAEL was replaced as Chairmanby H. RAP BROWN, with CARMICHAEL assuming the position ofRecruiter and Organizer for the SNCC. In August, 1967, atthe invitation of FIDEL CASTRO, CARMfICHAEL participated inthe Organization of Latin American Solidarity Conferencewhich was held in Havana, Cuba. Subsequent thereto, CARMICHAELtraveled to Hanoi and other sections of North Vietnam. Hereturned to the Unitad States in December, 1967, at whichtime his passport was picked up because of travel to unauthorizedcountries.
A source advised that when CARMICHAEL was electedChairman of SNCC, the organization embarked on a program ofeliminating Caucasians from its ranks. With the election ofH. RAP EPOWN as Chairman in 1957, it embarked on a world-wide struggle for human rights and to take a firm standagainst violations of these rights by the American Governmentand to strengthen its programs of opposition to the draft andto the United States involvement in Vietnam.
Literature distributed in February, 1968, identifiesSNCC as an organization in the revolutionary vanguard. It ad-vocates that to be successful it is necessary to develop arevolutionary ideology and revolutionary program.
On August 13, 1967, while addressing a group in theWatts area of Los Angeles, California, H. RAP BROWN said. "Youbetter shape up America, or we'll burn you down." Later inFebruary, 1968, in a publicized note BROWN wrote, "America,if it takes my death to organize my people to revolt againstyou and to organize your jails to revolt against you and toorganize your children, your God, your poor, your country,and to organize mankind to rejoice in your destruction and ruin,then here's m life.
D A NLi~. ~ iAPPEN:MX 4p
UNI IJ STATES DEPARTMENT OF JcoICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
San Francisco, California
Say 23, 1968
Title
Character
Reference
BLACK PANTHER PARTY, akaBlack Panther Party forSelf-Defense
RACIAL HATTER
Report of| Idated and captioned as above atSan Francisco, California.
All sources (except any listed below) whose identitiesare concealed in referenced communication have furnished reliableinformation in the past.
PIATION:S UNCLA:-15-2008 LRP/PJ/
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions ofthe FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned. to your agency;it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
In Reply. Please Refer toFS N15.
SF 157-1204
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATIONFOIPA
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