EL (PRESENTE) PROGRESIVO

Español 5SER VS. ESTAR

Formula

•ESTAR + THE PRESENT PARTICIPLE

•Equivalent to TO BE + -ING

Forms of ESTAR

• Estoy estaba estaré• Estás estabas estarás• Está estaba estará• Estamos estábamos estaremos• Están estaban estarán

• TELLS WHO IS/WAS/WILL BE DOING SOMETHING

Tense of estar

• The tense of estar can be manipulated:

• Was doing: Estaba, estabas, etc. (Imperfect Indicative)

• Will be doing: Estaré, estarás, etc. (Future)

Formation of the Present Participle

•Also called the GERUND

•Drop –AR and add –ANDO •Drop –ER and add –IENDO•Drop –IR and add –IENDO

•Tells WHAT someone is doing•Does not change according to subject

Stem changing verbs: -AR & -ER

• -AR and –ER stem changers DO NOT have a stem change in the present participle/gerund.

• Pensar = pensando

• Contar = contando

• Jugar = jugando

• Querer = queriendo

• Volver = volviendo

-IR Stem changing verbs

• Have the following stem changes in the present participle (like preterite “slipper”):

• If the vowel in question is “E”: E – I• Sentir = SINTIENDO• Pedir = PIDIENDO

• If the vowel in question is “O”: O – U• Dormir = DURMIENDO

IRREGULAR PRESENT PARTICIPLES

•Venir = Viniendo

•Poder = Pudiendo

•Decir = diciendo

Ir, oír, verbs ending in –aer, -eer, & -uir (NOT –GUIR)

• Ir = yendo

• Oír = Oyendo

• Traer = Trayendo

• Leer = Leyendo

• Construir = Construyendo

• Distribuir = Distribuyendo

Verbs that can be substituted for ESTAR

• Continuar

• Continuamos estudiando español

• Seguir

• Sigo trabajando como profesora.

• Ir

• Los estudiantes van corriendo a la escuela porque está lloviendo.

REFLEXIVE VERBS: Placement of pronoun

• The reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos, or se) must agree with the subject of estar.

• The reflexive pronoun can come before the form of estar: ME ESTOY ARREGLANDO

• Or it can be placed after the present participle, to which it is attached: Estoy arreglándome.

Rule for REFLEXIVE verbs when pronoun attached to present participle

• When the reflexive pronoun is attached to the present participle, an accent must be added.

• The accent is placed on the next to the last syllable of the present participle to maintain the stress pattern (the “a” in –ando or the “e” in -iendo.

• Preparándome• Levantándote• Maquillándose• Afeitándonos• Vistiéndose