Ekotones for Reduction of Diffuse Pollutions - Ekorob
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EKOROB 1 2 LIFE+ EKOROB : Ecot one sfor reduction of diff use pol luti ons LIFE08 ENV/P L/000519 The agricultural land in Europe covers up to 70% of the landscape. In Poland over 60% ofphosphorus and almost 70% of the nitrogen load to the Baltic Sea originate from diffuse (non- point ) sour ce poll ution ( ). Tha t is wh y redu ction of nutrient load f rom a catc hment, which stimulates eutro phica tion and toxi c alga l bloomappear ance inreservoirs , lake s and costal zones, isone of thekey chall engeswith reg ardto imple menta tionof theWaterFramewor k Direc tive. The creation of land-water ecotones has been proved to be an effective tool for reduction of the impact on freshwater ecosystem caused by nutrients from the landscapes. However , very often dueto limitedspace inshorelinezone,ecotonesare noteffectivesufficientl y . That iswhythegoal of theproject LIFE+EKOROB „Ecotones forReducti on of Dif fus e Pollutio ns”is an enhanc emen t ofecotoneszon e toreducenitro genand phosphorus flu xes to reservoirsandtheBal ticSea towards imple mentation of the Wat er Frame work Directiv e, achie ving good ecolog ical status, and rev ersin g eutr ophic ationof inlandwaterand coast al zone. Fig.1 Theinnovativ e aspec ts ofthe EKOROBprojectare: Fig.2 Fig.3 Foragric ult ural land where high nit rog en inp ut to fre shwater appear s, a pla nt buf fer ingzone has beencombinedwithdenit rif ication wal ls( ) For rural and recreational areas where high phosphorus load has been transported to aquatic ecosyste m,a plantbuff eri ngzonehas been combin edwithbioge ochemi calbarr iers ( ) Inboth cas es,the recreationalfunct ionof anyarea hasbeenenhanced byconst ruction of special facil itiesfor bathi ng, boati ng and angli ng. Prel imina ry resul ts indic atethat enhanceecotonesmay double the efficiency of nutrient reduction and reduce the shoreline space necessary for groundwaterpurification twice. Fig.1. Proportion of sources contributing to nitrogen (a) and inputs into the Baltic Sea phosphorus (b) (HELCOM 2004) (www.geoportal.gov.pl) NitrogenloadfromagriculturallandSulejow ReservoirDenitrification walls Plants Recreational facilities (jetty) Recreational facilities (jetty) Biogeochemical barriers Plants 0 50 100 200 250 300 350 400 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 3.09.2010 30.09.2010 3.11.2010 9.12.2010 N O3c o n c e n t r a t i o n i n g r o u n d w a t e r [ m g / l ] Critical value marking polluted water acc. to Nitrates Directive 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5 3.09.2010 30.09.2010 3.11.2010 9.12.2010 19.01.2011 P O4 c o n c e n t r a t i o n i n g r o u n d w a t e r [ m g / l ] Critical value for appearance ofcyanobacterial bloom (www.geoportal.gov.pl) Sulejow ReservoirPhosphorusloadfromrecreationalarea Toxic cyanobacterial bloom in Sulejow Reservoir as consequence ofeutrophication (photo. M.Tarczyńska) natural background diffuse sources point sources natural background diffuse sources point sources a b United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology Under the auspices of UNESCO DEVELOPMENT OF SOLUTIONS IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS Fig.2 nitrogen . Reduction of pollu tion from diff use source by enhan cement of plan t buff ering zones with denitrific atio n walls Fig.3 phosphorus . Reduction of pollu tion from diff use sour ce by enhancement of plan t buff ering zone s with bioge ochemical barr iers International Institute Polish Academy of Sciences European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology under the auspices of UNESCO 3, Tylna Street 90-364 Lodz, Poland Tel: +48 42 681 70 07 Fax: +48 42 681 30 69 Email: [email protected]www.erce.unesco.lodz.pl Regional Water Management Authority in Warsaw 13B, Zarzecze Street 03-194 Warsaw, Poland T el: +48 22 587 03 18 Fax: +48 22 587 03 11 Email: [email protected]www.warszawa.rzgw.gov.pl photo of Pilica River by M. Wysocki150
Ekotones for Reduction of Diffuse Pollutions - Ekorob
