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EJECTION SEAT EJECTION SEAT BY BY AJESH KUMAR.M.V AJESH KUMAR.M.V NO:4401 NO:4401

Ejection Seat Ppt

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Page 1: Ejection Seat Ppt

EJECTION SEATEJECTION SEATBYBY

AJESH KUMAR.M.VAJESH KUMAR.M.VNO:4401NO:4401

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONEjection seats are one of the most complex pieces of Ejection seats are one of the most complex pieces of equipment on an aircraft, and some consist of equipment on an aircraft, and some consist of thousands of parts. thousands of parts. The purpose of the ejection seat : To lift the pilot The purpose of the ejection seat : To lift the pilot straight out of the aircraft to a safe distance, then straight out of the aircraft to a safe distance, then deploy a parachute to allow the pilot to land safely on deploy a parachute to allow the pilot to land safely on the ground. the ground.

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A BRIEF HISTORYA BRIEF HISTORY

The country to receive credit for the first operational The country to receive credit for the first operational system was Germany system was Germany The first aircraft ejection seat was designed and tested The first aircraft ejection seat was designed and tested (successfully) with a dummy in 1910 by J. S. Zerbe in (successfully) with a dummy in 1910 by J. S. Zerbe in Los Angeles, California. Los Angeles, California.

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BASIC COMPONENTSBASIC COMPONENTS

CatapultCatapult : :closed telescoping tube arrangement closed telescoping tube arrangement containing a propellant charge to forcibly extend containing a propellant charge to forcibly extend the tubes the tubes

RocketRocket : : propulsive device in the seat which gives propulsive device in the seat which gives the additional thrust after Catapultthe additional thrust after Catapult

RestraintsRestraints : :protective devices to avoid injury protective devices to avoid injury while ejecting the seatwhile ejecting the seat

ParachuteParachute : : helps the pilot to land safely on the helps the pilot to land safely on the groundground

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EJECTION-SEAT TERMSEJECTION-SEAT TERMSBucketBucket - lower part of the ejection seat that contains - lower part of the ejection seat that contains the survival equipment.the survival equipment.CanopyCanopy - clear cover that encapsulates the cockpit of - clear cover that encapsulates the cockpit of some planessome planesDrogue parachuteDrogue parachute – a small parachute which is – a small parachute which is deployed prior to the main parachutedeployed prior to the main parachute

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Egress systemEgress system - entire ejection system, including seat - entire ejection system, including seat ejection, canopy jettisoning and emergency life-ejection, canopy jettisoning and emergency life-support equipment.support equipment.Environmental sensorEnvironmental sensor - an electronic device that - an electronic device that tracks the airspeed and altitude of the seat.tracks the airspeed and altitude of the seat. Face curtainFace curtain - attached to the top of some seats, - attached to the top of some seats, pilots pull this curtain down to cover his or her face pilots pull this curtain down to cover his or her face from debris. from debris. Recovery sequencerRecovery sequencer - electronic device that controls - electronic device that controls the sequence of events during ejection. the sequence of events during ejection.

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Rocket catapultRocket catapult - a combination of a ballistic - a combination of a ballistic catapult and an under seat rocket unit. catapult and an under seat rocket unit. Underseat rocketUnderseat rocket - a rocket attached underneath to - a rocket attached underneath to provide additional lift after the catapult lifts the provide additional lift after the catapult lifts the crewmember out of the cockpit. crewmember out of the cockpit. Vernier rocketVernier rocket - attached to a gyroscope, this rocket - attached to a gyroscope, this rocket is mounted to the bottom of the seat and controls the is mounted to the bottom of the seat and controls the seat's pitch.seat's pitch. Zero-zero ejectionZero-zero ejection - ejection on the ground when - ejection on the ground when the aircraft is at zero altitude and zero airspeedthe aircraft is at zero altitude and zero airspeed..

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PHYSICS OF EJECTINGPHYSICS OF EJECTINGFrames of Reference - Frames of Reference - Refers to the orientation of Refers to the orientation of the object in relation to some reference. the object in relation to some reference. Forces and G'sForces and G's -The force exerted on the person -The force exerted on the person being ejected is determined using Newton's second being ejected is determined using Newton's second law of motionlaw of motion

Force = Mass x AccelerationForce = Mass x AccelerationG's and speedG's and speed - To determine the speed of the seat at - To determine the speed of the seat at any point in time the following equation is usedany point in time the following equation is used

Speed (final) = Acceleration * Time + Speed (initial) Speed (final) = Acceleration * Time + Speed (initial) [V(f) = AT + V(i)] [V(f) = AT + V(i)]

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EJECTION SEQUENCESEJECTION SEQUENCES

Seat activation:Seat activation: 1. Face curtain1. Face curtain 2. Pull handles2. Pull handles

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Pull handlesPull handles

Side pull handleSide pull handle Centre pull handleCentre pull handle

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Canopy or hatch jettisonCanopy or hatch jettison ::

1. Lifting the canopy 1. Lifting the canopy 2. Shattering the canopy 2. Shattering the canopy 3. Explosive hatches 3. Explosive hatches

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Seat ejection/crewmember extraction:Seat ejection/crewmember extraction: achieved achieved using the rocketcatapultusing the rocketcatapultDrogue parachute deployment:Drogue parachute deployment: slows the person's slows the person's rate of descent and stabilizes the seat's altitude and rate of descent and stabilizes the seat's altitude and trajectory. trajectory. Seat man separation:Seat man separation: Multiple methods have been Multiple methods have been used. The simplest is gravity. Another method is used. The simplest is gravity. Another method is using a rubber bladder system and a bottle of using a rubber bladder system and a bottle of nitrogen.nitrogen.

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Recovery parachute deployment and inflation: Recovery parachute deployment and inflation: The altitude at which parachute is deployed is vary The altitude at which parachute is deployed is vary important. Above 10 000 feet there is insufficient important. Above 10 000 feet there is insufficient oxygen in the air to maintain consciousness. oxygen in the air to maintain consciousness.

Parachute Descent and Landing:Parachute Descent and Landing: This phase of the This phase of the ejection sequence is critical to the outcome of the ejection sequence is critical to the outcome of the entire process of escape. entire process of escape.

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THE ACES II EJECTION SEATTHE ACES II EJECTION SEATIt includes the following It includes the following features: features: Electronic Sequencing and Electronic Sequencing and timing timing Auto sensing Auto sensing ofof egress egress conditions conditions Parachute reefing to Parachute reefing to control opening at all control opening at all speed ranges speed ranges Multi-Mode operation for Multi-Mode operation for optimum recovery of the optimum recovery of the crewman crewman

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THREE OPERATING MODESTHREE OPERATING MODES

Mode 1: low altitude, low speedMode 1: low altitude, low speed - at speeds of less - at speeds of less than 250 knots (288 mph / 463 kph) and altitudes of than 250 knots (288 mph / 463 kph) and altitudes of less than 15,000 feet (4,572 meters). less than 15,000 feet (4,572 meters). Mode 2: low altitude, high speedMode 2: low altitude, high speed - at speeds of - at speeds of more than 250 knots and altitudes of less than more than 250 knots and altitudes of less than 15,000 feet. 15,000 feet. Mode 3: high altitude, any speedMode 3: high altitude, any speed - for any - for any ejection at an altitude greater than 15,000 feet. ejection at an altitude greater than 15,000 feet.

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THE THREE MODESTHE THREE MODES

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Recovery Sequencing SubsystemRecovery Sequencing Subsystem

consists of the environmental sensing unit , and the consists of the environmental sensing unit , and the recovery sequencing unit recovery sequencing unit The environmental sensing unit consists of two The environmental sensing unit consists of two altitude compensated dynamic pressure transducers, altitude compensated dynamic pressure transducers, and two static pressure transducersand two static pressure transducers. .

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The STAPAC package The STAPAC package

It is a vernier rocket motor mounted under the seat It is a vernier rocket motor mounted under the seat near the rear near the rear It is mounted on a tilt system controlled by a basic It is mounted on a tilt system controlled by a basic pitch-rate gyro system pitch-rate gyro system

Inertia Reel Harness AssemblyInertia Reel Harness Assembly The inertia reel fulfills two functions: The inertia reel fulfills two functions:

(1) it acts like the shoulder belt in a car, restraining the pilot (1) it acts like the shoulder belt in a car, restraining the pilot against a forward motion.against a forward motion.

(2) it retracts the pilot to an upright posture to minimize the (2) it retracts the pilot to an upright posture to minimize the possibility of spinal damage.possibility of spinal damage.

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The Drogue SystemThe Drogue System consists of a small extraction chute, and the Drogue consists of a small extraction chute, and the Drogue Mortar. Mortar. The drogue mortar is fired in Mode 2 and Mode 3 to The drogue mortar is fired in Mode 2 and Mode 3 to slow and stabilize the seat-man package. slow and stabilize the seat-man package.

Safety LeverSafety Lever situated on the left side of the seat bucket which situated on the left side of the seat bucket which prevents the seat from being fired when the lever is in prevents the seat from being fired when the lever is in the up/forward position. the up/forward position.

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Emergency Manual Chute HandleEmergency Manual Chute Handle functions to fire the main chute mortar and initiate functions to fire the main chute mortar and initiate seat separation in case of failure of the electronic seat separation in case of failure of the electronic sequencer. sequencer. the manual chute handle is inhibited in the aircraft the manual chute handle is inhibited in the aircraft and prevents the systems from functioning while the and prevents the systems from functioning while the seat is still in the rails. seat is still in the rails.

Emergency oxygen systemEmergency oxygen system consists of an oxygen bottle attached to the seat back, consists of an oxygen bottle attached to the seat back, an automatic activation lanyard, and a manual pull an automatic activation lanyard, and a manual pull ring . ring .

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APPLICATIONAPPLICATION

used in escape systems for fighters, bombers, used in escape systems for fighters, bombers, acrobatic aircraft, and the Russian Buran space acrobatic aircraft, and the Russian Buran space shuttle. shuttle. ACES IIACES II ejection seat is used in fighter planes like ejection seat is used in fighter planes like F16 , F22 , A10 , B1B and YF22F16 , F22 , A10 , B1B and YF22

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FUTURE OF EJECTION FUTURE OF EJECTION SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

The next generation of escape systems will use The next generation of escape systems will use controllable propulsion systems to provide controllable propulsion systems to provide safe ejection over the expanded aircraft flight safe ejection over the expanded aircraft flight performance of advanced aircraft. performance of advanced aircraft.

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THANK YOUTHANK YOU