Food Traceability through GS1 Standards

By

Sudeshna Das

India

sm/cii/foodsaftysummit/delhi/121012

©2013 GS1 India 2

GS1 is a neutral, not-for-profit Standards

organisation that facilitates collaboration

amongst trading partners to create

efficient, safe & secure global Supply

Chains through use of international

standards.

GS1- The Global Language of Business

114

Member Organisations

1,500,000+

Subscriber Companies

150+

Countries Served

©2013 GS1 India 3

GS1 India

A standards body set by the Ministry of Commerce

and Industry, with founder members comprising:

• Ministry of Commerce

• CII

• FICCI

• ASSOCHAM

• FIEO

• Spices Board

• BIS

• IMC

• IIP

• APEDA

Affiliated to GS1, Brussels, Belgium along with 114

GS1 organisations worldwide.

890 indicates India as

country of origin

8 9 0 1 0 1 6 0 0 0 5 0 8

Joint Government –

Industry initiativee

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• We are living in a world of global markets - no

borders between sectors, countries and continents

• With increased globalisation, comes an increased

complexity of business processes

• Harder to control the supply chain - more complex

and sometimes it is spread all over the world with

varieties of suppliers, products and clients

• Large scale production - new technologies have

been added to products and process increasing

their complexity

Issues

Various

Business

Needs

Regulations

And

initiatives

Complexity

Global Market

Various

technologies

Need for Food Traceability

• „New‟ challenges - bio-terrorism or counterfeiting that requires new and integrated responses

• Product reliability becomes a differential competetitive

• Consumer safety and risk reduction

Traceability - a food safety risk management tool

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Many actors in many countries!

Source: Gemini 03/06

The more there are

partners in the supply

chain the more business

processes and

information systems

are complex

Global food supply chain – An example !

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How Traceability can help?

• Ensure Cponsumer safety

• Fight counterfeit

• Help to comply with Regulatory/ Commercial requirements

• Ensure Recall readiness

• Protect brand reputation

• Enhance Logistics efficiency

• Support marketing strategies

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What is Traceability?

Traceability is the “ability of a system to track the movement of food products and to record

information about related attributes from Farm to Fork or trace back the same from Fork to Farm .

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Internal Traceability

Movement Transformation Storage

Destruction

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External Traceability

Movement Transformation Storage

Destruction

External traceability takes place when a traceable item is physically handed over from one traceability partner to another.

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Traceability consideration : Interdependency

Reliable data Fast access to data

Big data analytics

Automation

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Traceability requirement : Interoperability

• Unambiguous identification of traceable items across supply chain

• Automatic Data capture and share at any point of Supply Chain

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1. Regulation: Are the rules, procedure, administrative codes etc. set by authorities or governmental agencies. The regulations are obligatory.

2. Standards: Are programs, methodologies or mechanisms that allow to order and standardize the company‟s processes or activities, are voluntary and allow to fulfill customers requirements.

3. Commercial Requirements: Are exigencies of customers who guard by their own interests, beyond the fulfillment of the regulations or the implementation of standards. Are voluntary but they become obligatory at the time of negotiation.

Operational Context for Traceability

Regulation, Standards and Commercial Requirements

Surveillance

Prevention & Control

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How GS1 can help

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GS1 Standards – enabling traceability

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Identify - unique and universal identifiers

Companies • Global Location Number (GLN)

Product • Global Trade Item Number (GTIN)

• Serialized Global Trade Item

Number (SGTIN)

Logistics Unit • Serial Shipping Container Code (SSCC)

• Global Shipment Identification Number

(GSIN)

• Global Identification Number for

Consignment (GINC)

Location • Global Location Number (GLN)

Assets • Global Individual Asset Identifier

(GIAI)

• Global Returnable Asset Identifier

(GRAI)

Services • Global Service Relation Number

(GSRN)

Documents • Global Document Type Identifier

(GDTI)

Pharmacy

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Identifying items using GS1 standards

Shipment At a unique (serialized) level of identification, Global Shipment Identification

Number (GSIN) shall be used.

Logistic unit The Serial Shipment Container Code (SSCC) shall be used.

Trade item

Not crossing the point of sale (POS)

At a generic level of identification, GTIN for Grouping of Trade Items

shall be used.

At the specific (batch) level of identification, GTIN + Batch/Lot shall be used.

At the unique (serialized) level of identification, GTIN + Serial number

(SGTIN) shall be used

Trade item

crossing the POS

At a generic level of identification, GTIN for Consumer Unit shall be used.

At a specific (batch) level of identification, GTIN + Batch/Lot shall be used.

At a unique (serialized) level of identification, GTIN + Serial number

(SGTIN) shall be used.

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Capture – Barcoding/RFID

Through scanning of barcodes and RFID tags encoding GS1 identifiers with product information

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Share – master/transactional/event data

Physical movement of goods throughout the supply chain

Business data shared between trading partners

• Master data: technical information about a product, such as weight and size of the

product, case, pallet – synchronised with GS1 GDSN

• Transaction data: such as order, dispatch advice, invoice - exchanged automatically with

GS1 eCom

• Physical event data: information about the movement of a trade item or logistical unit –

through GS1 EPCIS

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Product data share– through GDSN

Real-time sharing of accurate product data amongst trading partners

• An automated, standards-based product data synchronisation

network facilitating data exchange between trading partners

• Allows all partners to have consistent item master data in their

systems, used in several critical business processes connected

with ordering, invoicing, payment, dispatch , receipts and storage

operations

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•Rapid, efficient and accurate electronic transmission of agreed

business data between trading partners all along the supply chain

•Users are not required to align the format and structure of the

messages as they can use the readily-available standard format.

•Based on globally recognised GS1 Identification Keys (GTIN, GLN,

SSCC etc.), allowing a direct link between physical flow of goods

and related information throughout the entire Supply Chain.

•GS1 eCom: Two complementary standards

- GS1 EANCOM®

- GS1 XML

Transactional data share - through GS1 eCom

Global standards for electronic business messaging ( EDI)

Real-time, error-free electronic data exchange for order to cash processes

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GS1 EPC Information Service (GS1 EPCIS)

• Helps organisations share data about the location of

products or assets within their company and across

multiple stakeholders

• Provides end-to-end supply chain visibility by answering

questions such as What product was Where, When it was

there and Why it was there (physical events data)

• A service that works with barcodes and EPC/RFID, in

supplement to existing enterprise systems

Global standard for sharing physical event data Real-time information on the movements of products in the supply chain

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EPCIS in action

Retailers in Hong Kong and Italy achieved visibility in fine wines from vineyards to the stores with GS1 EPCIS

• Hong Kong fine wine and spirits retailer collaborated

with 3 key Italian vineyards

• GS1 EPCIS based traceability system (ezTRACKTM)

emnable track and trace of shipments from vineyards

to the store

• Quality ensured - EPC/RFID tags with sensors

monitoring temperature during transport

• Over 99% accurate inventory through real-time

monitoring of stock

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GS1 Global Traceability Standards

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• Defines a traceability process independently from the choice of enabling technologies

• Defines minimum traceability system requirements for companies of all sizes across industry sectors

• Details the corresponding GS1 standards used within information management tools

• Meets the core legislative and business need to cost-efficiently trace back (one step down) and track forward (one step up) at any point along the entire length of the supply chain

• Describes the creation of accurate records of transactions

• Provides for fast data communication about the traceable item between trading partners

Global Traceability Standards (GTS)

Created by user group comprising of 73 industry experts from 20 countries

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GS1 implementation support

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Traceability implementation in APEDA using GS1 standards – GrapeNet project

• GrapeNet is an internet based traceability software system, for

monitoring fresh grapes exported to the European Union from

India up to the farm level

• GrapeNet has put in place an end-to-end system for monitoring

pesticide residue, achieve product standardization and facilitate

tracing back from retail shelves to the farm of the Indian grower,

through the various stages of sampling, testing, certification and

packing

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Traceability implementation at APEDA

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Traceability implementation at APEDA

Benefits realized ( Data Source : A 2007 report)

• GrapeNet increased self confidence of farmers

• Introduced culture for food quality and safety

• Farmers earned 40% more value

• Benefits went to 40,000 farmers and 115 exporters

• FOB realization rose from 8 Euro to 11.5 Euro per carton of 3 kg in 2005-2006.

• European Union recognized the efficiency and accuracy of Indian laboratories

• APEDA received National Award for GrapeNet implementation. Now under

extension to other product categories (groundnut, pomegranate, organic foods)

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Connection between traceability and recall

Traceability system provides:

• Complete visibility of location of food products/consignments in Supply Chain

• Unique identification of each player in Supply Chain (raw materials, supplier to finished

products manufacturers, to intermediate distribution chain partners to retailer)

• Unique identification of products/consignments and quantity held in Supply Chain and by

whom

“Accurate, timely and fast recalls can only be effected if traceability systems which

provide accurate product identification, partner identification and location of products/

consignments at all times are in place”

Recall is a use case of traceability

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GS1’s recall / withdrawal notification process

Initiator (sponsor)

Initiator Approver

Govt.

B2B Receivers

Retailer

Broker

Food Service

Manufacturer

Wholesaler

G2G

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Grower

Carrier/ Importer Auction/ Packer/

Importer Carrier Distribution

Centre (Retailer) Hypermarket Carrier

…

1. Communication downstream of SSCC,GTIN, lot

number, etc

2. Source of the

problem is known …

3. Communication upstream of SSCC,GTIN and lot number, in order to

withdraw the problem goods from the stores, DC’s, … .

Recall/ Withdrawal Process

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Global engagements

• Anti-Counterfeit stds (ISO/TC 246)

• Product Recall stds (ISO/TC 240)

• Product Safety stds (ISO/TC 243)

• WCO IPM tools

• GS1 visibility framework and identification standards

• Product safety portal for consumers, Industry and regulators

• Supply Chain visibility

• For traceability and recall

• G2G recall portal and counterfeit detection

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GS1 –OECD partnership

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Compatibility with ISO standards

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Global developments related to food safety

− ITDS (International Trade Data System), U.S. uses GS1 standards for Risk management

and assessment capability for inbound shipments.

− The International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN), global network managed

by FAO/WHO use GS1 Standards to share information. Helps both Regulators and

Industry to execute effective recall of contaminated food internationally.

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Existing traceability systems in India

Limitations

• Restricted to downstream only

• Prevalence of largely manual, internal traceability systems inhibiting effective recalls

• Closed traceability information networks restricting seamless communication across

stakeholders

• Incompatible track & trace solutions, lacking interoperability across Supply Chains

• Traceability systems lack audit functionality to inspire consumer trust

• Data captured in unstructured, non-uniform and proprietary manner preventing

seamless information exchange

Need for a uniform, robust traceability system for the food supply chains in India which can

ensure consumer safety and facilitate compliance with varied global/domestic regulatory and

buyer requirements.

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Next Generation Strategy: “Value Traceability”

Supply Chain optimization Compliance

Branding &

Marketing

Risk reduction

Reduce Risk

Asset Opt.

Increase rev.

Lower costs

Delivering….

Carbon Ftp.

Optimization

Traceability

Differentiation

Compliance Traceability

While compliance and risk reduction aspects can be critical, they do not encourage investments beyond the required minimum

FOCUS: stay in business

FOCUS: increase value

Value Traceability

Thank you www.gs1india.org

corpcomm@gs1india.org

India