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CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Environment Impact Assessment
krishnaveni Research Department
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Introduction
An environment impact assessment is an
assessment of the possible positive or negative impact that a proposed project may have on the environment together consisting of the environmental social and economic impacts.
The International Association for Impact Assessment defines it as the process of identifying , predicting , evaluating and mitigating the biophysical , social and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions being taken and commitments made
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Evolution of EIA
Internationally EIA began to be used in the 1960’s as a part of decision making process of big projects.
EIA was made a legislation in the US in the National Environmental policy in 1969.
In India the importance of EIA for sustainable development was recognized in 1976- 77 when the Planning Commission requested the Department odfScience and Technology to examine river valley projects from an environment angle.
In this context the Bhopal gas Tragedy (1984) was of crucial importance in precipitating the urgency for developing legislative instruments for environmental protection
.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Till 1994 environment clearance from the Central Government was an administrative decesion and lacked legislative support
On 27th January 1994 the Union Ministry of Environment and Forest , Government of India , under the Environment Protection Act 1986, promulgated and EIA notification making Environment Clearance mandatory for expansion or modernisation of any activity or for setting up new projects.
The Ministry of Environment and Forestd recently notified new EIA legislation in September 2006 notifying various projects such as mining , thermal power plants river valley projects infrastructure and industries to get environment clearance .
Evolution Cont.,
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Requirement for EIA
The Environment Impact Assessment report is often key requirement as part of the process of gaining Environmental Clearance . The various particular factor to be considered for EIA are sector specific. However the following are common to EIA’s prepared for all sectors.
1. Project anticipation: Describes the proposed project and its geographic, ecological social and temporal context .
2. Baseline Data : Describes relevant physical and biological and socioeconomic conditions including all changes anticipated before the project commences. Under current regulations this is a radius of 10 or 25 kms of the site
3. Environmental Impacts : Predicts and assesses the prjects likely positive and negative impacts in quantitative terms to the extent possible
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
4. Analysis of alternatives : Systematically compare feasible alternatives to the proposed project.
5. Environmental Monitoring and Management: Describes mitigation and monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during Construction.
6. Consultation : Record of Consultation meeting with Project affected People , NGO’s and regulatory agencies.
7. Summary and Conclusion: Covering the justification for the project and the approach to mitigating adverse affects.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
The EIA notification broadly categorizes all projects and activities as either Category A or Category B
Category A projects include all physical infrastructure whose size and cost is greater which include physical infrastructure projects in ports , highways water and sanitation , urban transport and solid waste management sectors.
Category B covers projects with lesser size or capacity and smaller impacts than Category A Environmental Clearances for this category are granted at State level .
Projects can be new works the expansion and modernization of existing projects . Railway projects with exemption are totally exempted from seeking Environmental Clearance.
Categorization of Projects
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
The EIA process
The EIA consists of eight steps with each step determining the overall performance of the project.
Screening: This stage determines whether the proposed project requires an EIA and if it does , then the level of assessment required.
Scoping: This stage identifies the key issues and impacts that should be further investigated . This stage also defines the boundary and time limit of the study.
Impact analysis: This stage of EIA identifies and predicts the likely environmental and social impact and evaluates the the significance
Mitigation: This step in EI recommends the actions to reduce and avoid the potential adverse environmental consequences of the developing activities.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Contn..
• Reporting. This stage presents EIA in a form of a report to the decision making body and other interested parties.
• Review of EIA . It examines the adequacy and effectiveness of the EIA report and provides the information necessary for decision making.
• Decision Making. : It decides whether the project is rejected , approved or needs further change.
• Post Monitoring : This stage comes into play once the project is commissioned. It checks to ensure that the impacts of the projects do not exceed legal standards and implementation of mitigation measures are in the manner as described in the EIA report.
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
.
The National Green Tribunal with its judicial and technical members give strong scientific expertise to environment adjudication . The NGT has been set up primarily as a reform initiated by the Supreme Court of India to confirm the commitment of the Indian Legal System to environmental protection ie., significant growth in the access of India citizens to environmental protection
Redressal Agency
CHENNAI3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATOREBB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Conclusion
Over the period EIA has gone through several changes . But EIA have to have a crucial role in all future decisions upon the developmental projects and thus ensuring sustainable development to the present and the future citizens of India
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